CN1301843C - Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding machine - Google Patents
Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1301843C CN1301843C CNB031499848A CN03149984A CN1301843C CN 1301843 C CN1301843 C CN 1301843C CN B031499848 A CNB031499848 A CN B031499848A CN 03149984 A CN03149984 A CN 03149984A CN 1301843 C CN1301843 C CN 1301843C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding machine. The homogenization section of a screw of the machine comprises a first homogenization section and a second homogenization section, wherein the second homogenization section and the inner wall of a machine barrel form a screw nonreturn area of an annular gap shape; a screw head comprises a first-stage cylinder, a first-stage cone, a second-stage cylinder and a second-stage cone; a front body nonreturn area is formed in an annular gap between the external diameter of the first-stage cylinder and the internal diameter of a cylindrical cavity of a front body of an injection machine; a nozzle nonreturn area is formed in an annular gap between the external diameter of the second-stage cylinder and a cylindrical cavity of a nozzle; and the nozzle is provided with a feeding material storage chamber comprising the cylindrical cavity and a conical cavity. The ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding machine effectively prevents materials from being returned, reduces plasticizing resistance, improves screw propulsion and injection mould filling ability, and can realize injection moulding of intractable ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene by a mould with the ordinary structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic-injection moulding machine,, be applicable to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and fluoroplastics, also be applicable to the injection moulding of the plastics that other viscosity is higher, flowability is relatively poor particularly to the improvement of its plasticizing apparatus.
Background technology
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is that viscosity average molecular weigh is at the linear polyethylene more than 1,500,000, have good wear-resisting, shock-resistant, corrosion-resistant, self-lubricating, absorption impact energy, comprehensive serviceability such as low temperature resistant, be fit to make the parts of various wear-resisting, shock-resistant, corrosion-resistant, self-lubricatings.But because melt viscosity high (almost not having flowability), processing and forming is difficulty very.
When adopting common plastics injection moulding machined ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, have following difficult point: (1) is because coefficient of friction is low and melt viscosity is high, polyvinyl resin with super-high molecular weight skids in the machine barrel of plasticizing apparatus easily and stagnates, and screw rod stops up when serious; (2) because material fluidity is poor, injection filling mould is difficulty comparatively, and the goods compaction rate is low; (3) product deformation is big, poor dimensional stability.For this reason, injection processing to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene needs special method, the special public clear 57-30067 " ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding method " of Japan Patent, special public clear 60-58010 " method for injection compression molding ", the spy opens clear 61-262113 patents such as " injections of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene " and proposes injection filling mould and the expansion of mold cavity volume under the high-rate of shear, dwindle and change the injection moulding method that combines, it is closely knit that goods are obtained, but its mould structure is special, need to install additional oil cylinder and change, increased the equipment complexity to realize mold cavity.U.S. Pat 5422061 " injection moulding method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sliding sleeve " proposes to make material pass through the circular gate injection filling mould, by the push rod in the pressurization hydraulic oil cylinder driving mold cavity, material in the mold cavity is compressed, adopt vavuum pump that mold cavity is vacuumized and realize decompression, this patent also proposes the plasticizing apparatus of injector is improved simultaneously, the compression ratio of the injection screw that is adopted is less than 2.4, to reduce plasticizing, resistance during injection, screw slenderness ratio 10～25, lead angle is 10 °～18 °, that is: adopt less pitch to improve propulsive force, in addition, annular space between the cylinder external diameter at screw rod homogenizing zone end and the nozzle cylindrical cavity internal diameter forms non-return district, with the resistance of avoiding bringing with check ring usually.In the method, the screw compression ratio reduces, screw rod homogenizing zone screw channel is darker, fused materials easily returns along screw channel and lets out in the injection reach process, and a non-return district that only depends on the cylinder external diameter at screw rod homogenizing zone end and the annular space between the nozzle cylindrical cavity internal diameter to form, can not effectively stop returning of material to be let out, this patent also needs to improve the mold filling ability by the decompression that vacuumizes to mold cavity, realizes the injection moulding of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: by improvement to the injection (mo(u)lding) machine plasticizing apparatus, material returns and lets out in the effective prevention injection reach process, reduce to plastify resistance, improve screw rod propulsive force and injection filling mould ability, thereby adopt the mould and the general injection moulding program of ordinary construction, can realize the injection moulding of the plastics of high viscosity such as unmanageable ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, mobile difference.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the present invention mainly is to the improvement of injection (mo(u)lding) machine plasticizing apparatus, comprising:
(1) screw rod: screw rod comprises dark feeding section AB, the compression section BC and the homogenizing zone CE of spiral groove depth gradual change such as screw channel, wherein, the homogenizing zone of screw rod is by having the first bigger homogenizing zone CD of spiral groove depth and the second less homogenizing zone DE of spiral groove depth forms, and second homogenizing zone and machine tube inner wall form the non-return district of annular space shape screw rod;
(2) screw head of screw rod comprises four parts, be followed successively by: first order cylinder, first order cone, second level cylinder and second level cone, first order cylinder diameter is less than screw diameter, annular space between the cylindrical cavity internal diameter of first order cylinder external diameter and injector precursor forms the non-return district of precursor, second level cylinder diameter is less than first order cylinder diameter, and the annular space between the cylindrical cavity of second level cylinder external diameter and nozzle forms the non-return district of nozzle;
(3) nozzle: nozzle chamber comprises cylindrical cavity, conical cavity, nozzle bore and back taper chamber, cylindrical cavity and conical cavity constitute the feeding storage compartment, the nozzle bore bore is less, form high shear zone, back taper accent footpath is gradual change and enlarges the big 0.2～0.8mm of back taper chamber end position relative aperture nozzle bore bore from the nozzle bore end position to back taper chamber end position;
The compression ratio of the above-mentioned screw rod first homogenizing zone CD is 1.4～2.2, the second homogenizing zone DE groove depth is 65%～90% of the first homogenizing zone CD groove depth, and the compression ratio of the second homogenizing zone DE is less than 2.4, the second homogenizing zone DE length is 0.6D～1.2D, D is a screw diameter, screw pitch is 0.5～0.9D, and D is a screw diameter.
The cone angle of above-mentioned screw head first order cone and second level cone is 15～40 °, and the annular space thickness in non-return district of precursor and the non-return district of nozzle is 0.1～0.9mm, and the annular space width is respectively first order cylinder, second level cylinder external diameter 0.6～1.0 times.Nozzle bore bore 1.5～3mm, length is 3～6 times of nozzle bore bore,
Said nozzle bore open 1.5～3mm, nozzle length is 3～6 times of nozzle bore bore,
Above-mentioned machine barrel feeding section inwall is offered spiral grooves, and the thread rotary orientation of spiral grooves is identical with the screw flight rotation direction, and pitch is 1.2～2 times of barrel diameter, number of starts 〉=1.
Above-mentioned machine barrel feeding section outer wall is installed cooling jacket, and cooling jacket is 2～4D along the axial width of machine barrel, and D is a screw diameter; The compression section of machine barrel and homogenizing zone outer wall are installed heating and cooling body; The precursor outer wall is installed heater with heating precursor and nozzle.
Effect of the present invention:
The screw rod homogenizing zone adopts first homogenizing zone and the second more shallow homogenizing zone structure of groove depth than small reduction ratio, melt resistance when not only effectively reducing to plastify, and form the non-return district of screw rod at the screw channel of second homogenizing zone, solved simultaneously owing to screw rod homogenizing zone groove depth, fused materials returns along screw channel and lets out in the injection reach process;
The screw head of screw rod is a small-angle twin-stage cone structure, forms non-return district of precursor and the non-return district of nozzle, stops fused materials to return jointly with the non-return district of screw rod and lets out, and can play pressurization again simultaneously, improves the injection filling mould ability;
Nozzle adopts open architecture, the pressure loss when not only reducing to inject, and constitute the feeding storage compartment, improve feeding capacity, nozzle bore adopts more small-bore formation high shear zone simultaneously, produce the injection stream state when making fused materials pass through nozzle bore under high-rate of shear, the mold filling flowability improves, and reduces product deformation;
Machine barrel feeding section inwall of the present invention is in addition offered spiral grooves, make solid material in the screw rod feeding section screw channel and the solid material in the machine barrel spiral grooves form interior friction, increase effective coefficient of friction, thereby produce the forced conveyance ability, make material overcome skidding at feeding section.The present invention can realize the injection moulding of the plastics that unmanageable ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and fluoroplastics, polyvinyl chloride, Merlon, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphenylene oxide, polystyrene and high viscositys such as some enhancings or filled plastics, flowability differ from.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of plastic-injection moulding machine plasticizing apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, plastic-injection moulding machine of the present invention comprises parts such as plasticizing apparatus that hopper 1, cooling jacket 2, screw rod 3, machine barrel 4, heating and cooling body 5, precursor 6, heater 7, nozzle 8 are formed and mold closing mechanism 9.Screw rod 3 comprises dark feeding section AB, compression section BC, homogenizing zone CE and the conical screw head EF of spiral groove depth gradual change such as screw channel, wherein: the dark and second less homogenizing zone DE of spiral groove depth such as first homogenizing zone CD that homogenizing zone CE is dark by screw channel etc. and spiral groove depth is bigger and screw channel constitutes, seamlessly transit between the first homogenizing zone CD and the second homogenizing zone DE screw channel etc. are dark, the second homogenizing zone DE and screw head EF join, and compression section BC spiral groove depth shoals to the first homogenizing zone CD gradually from feeding section AB.Because melt viscosity is high, and the slip check ring is not set on the screw rod 3, to reduce the screw rod resistance and to prevent to stagnate pyrolysis.The first homogenizing zone CD adopts less compression ratio, and compression ratio is 1.4～2.2, the melt resistance when reducing to plastify.Compression ratio is too small, and material plasticizing is insufficient, and compression ratio is excessive, will produce bigger resistance during screw rod 3 plasticizings, and screw rod 3 may stop up in the compression section when serious.Because the first homogenizing zone CD compression ratio is less, the first homogenizing zone CD groove depth is greater than common screw homogenizing zone groove depth, be easy to generate during injection to return and let out along the melt of screw channel, the second more shallow homogenizing zone DE of groove depth is set behind the first homogenizing zone CD for this reason, make and form less annular space 10 between the screw channel of the second homogenizing zone DE and the machine barrel, become the non-return district of screw rod, the obstruction fused materials returns along screw channel and lets out in screw rod 3 injection reach processes.The second homogenizing zone DE groove depth is 65%～90% of the first homogenizing zone CD groove depth, and the compression ratio of the second homogenizing zone DE is less than 2.4, length is 0.6D～1.2D, D is a screw diameter, if the groove depth of the second homogenizing zone DE is too small, length is excessive, produces bigger resistance at this place, and the groove depth of the second homogenizing zone DE is excessive, length is too small, non-return effect is not remarkable, screw rod 3 adopts less pitch to improve the propulsive force of screw rod, and pitch is 0.5D～0.9D, and D is a screw diameter, pitch is too small, material is overstand in machine barrel 4, easy thermal oxidative degradation, and pitch is excessive, the propulsive force of screw rod is too small, is not enough to overcome the material resistance.
As shown in Figure 2, the screw head EF of screw rod 3 is a small-angle twin-stage cone structure, constitute by first order cylinder 3-1, first order cone 3-2, second level cylinder 3-3 and second level cone 3-4 successively, first order cylinder 3-1 diameter is less than screw rod 3 diameters, and second level cylinder 3-3 diameter is less than first order cylinder 3-1 diameter.The cone angle of first order cone 3-2 and second level cone 3-4 is less, and cone angle is 15～40 °, to reduce the loss of flow resistance and injection pressure.When screw rod 3 is positioned at the final position of injection shown in Fig. 1 and 2, annular space 11 between the cylindrical cavity 6-1 internal diameter of screw head EF first order cylinder 3-1 external diameter and precursor 6 forms the non-return district of precursor, annular space 12 between the cylindrical cavity 8-1 of second level cylinder 3-3 external diameter and nozzle 8 forms the non-return district of nozzles, and the non-return district of nozzle this moment, the non-return district of precursor and the non-return district of screw rod stop fused materials to return to let out jointly.The annular space thickness in non-return district of precursor and the non-return district of nozzle is 0.1～0.9mm, and width is respectively first order cylinder 3-1,0.6～1.0 times of second level cylinder 3-3 external diameter.The annular space thickness in non-return district of nozzle and the non-return district of precursor is excessive, non-return weak effect, easily cause big returning to let out, produce high shear flows or the pyrolysis phenomenon thereupon, otherwise, annular space thickness is too small, between the cylindrical cavity of screw head first order cylinder 3-1 and precursor 6, friction and interference takes place easily between the cylindrical cavity of screw head second level cylinder 3-3 and nozzle 8.Because the diameter of screw head first order cylinder 3-1, second level cylinder 3-3 less than the diameter of screw rod 3, therefore can play pressurization again, improves the injection filling mould ability.
Nozzle 8 adopts open architectures, the pressure loss when reducing to inject.Nozzle chamber comprises cylindrical cavity 8-1, conical cavity 8-2, nozzle bore 8-3 and back taper chamber 8-4, and cylindrical cavity 8-1 and conical cavity 8-2 constitute the feeding storage compartment, for the pressurize feeding provides fused materials.Nozzle bore 8-3 adopts more small-bore with the formation high shear zone, produces the injection stream state when making fused materials pass through nozzle bore under high-rate of shear, and the mold filling flowability improves.Nozzle bore 8-3 bore is 1.5～3mm, and bore is too small, and injection pressure loss and flow resistance are big, and bore is excessive, and then shear rate is crossed low and can not be produced the injection stream state.Because nozzle bore 8-3 bore is little and have the feeding storage compartment, so far firing range, feeding capacity are strong, help increasing the goods packing, reduce product deformation.Back taper chamber 8-4 bore begins to enlarge to the tapered gradual change of back taper chamber 8-4 end position from nozzle bore 8-3 end position, big 0.2～the 0.8mm of its end position relative aperture nozzle bore 8-3 bore, but water the little 0.5～1mm of cover bore than mould, therefore the resistance of opposing jet is less, helps the material flow at high speed.For preventing that the feeding storage compartment from producing cold burden, heater 7 is installed with heating precursor 6 and nozzle 8 at the precursor outer wall, heater 7 can be ceramic heater, mica heater etc.
Because produce a large amount of frictional heats in machine barrel 4 feeding sections, machine barrel 4 feeding section outer walls are installed cooling jacket 2, cooling mediums such as feeding water are forced cooling to the machine barrel feeding section, to keep the solid friction feed status and the forced conveyance ability of feeding section.Cooling jacket 2 is 2～4D along the axial width of machine barrel 4, D is a screw diameter, the axial width of cooling jacket 2 is too small, can not make the fricative heat of feeding section in time obtain cooling, cause material to lose propulsive force because of softening at feeding section, the axial width of cooling jacket is excessive, and material can not in time obtain enough heats and fusion, and screw rod will produce big resistance.
Embodiment:
Theoretical implemented according to the invention volumetric injection is 327cm
3Plastic-injection moulding machine, screw diameter is 45mm, the groove depth of first homogenizing zone is 2.8mm, compression ratio is that the spiral groove depth of 1.93, the second homogenizing zones is 2.4mm, compression ratio is 2.25mm; The cone angle of screw head first order cone and second level cone is 20 °, and non-return district of nozzle and the non-return interval crack of precursor thickness are 0.3mm, and gap width is 32mm, and the nozzle bore bore is 1.8mm; Screw pitch is 32mm.
Injecting molding die is extension test batten mould, shock-testing batten mould and the wear testing batten mould of ordinary construction, and the mold heated temperature is 87 ℃.The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene raw material is a powdery resin, and viscosity average molecular weigh is 2,700,000, adds a small amount of additive, mixes with high-speed mixer.The hopper (1) of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material feeding injection (mo(u)lding) machine that mixes, adopt general injecting program: goods are taken out in matched moulds → injection → pressurize cooling → die sinking → demoulding, injection pressure is 150MPa, screw back pressure is 1.5MPa, obtains smooth surface, smooth, closely knit ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene product.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene injection (mo(u)lding) machine, comprise hopper, cooling jacket, screw rod, machine barrel, heating and cooling body, precursor, heater and nozzle, screw rod is made up of dark feeding section AB, compression section BC, homogenizing zone CE and conical screw head EF of spiral groove depth gradual change such as screw channels, it is characterized in that:
(1) homogenizing zone of screw rod is by having the first bigger homogenizing zone CD of spiral groove depth and the second less homogenizing zone DE of spiral groove depth forms, and second homogenizing zone and machine tube inner wall form the non-return district of annular space shape screw rod;
(2) screw head of screw rod comprises four parts, be followed successively by: first order cylinder, first order cone, second level cylinder and second level cone, first order cylinder diameter is less than screw diameter, annular space between the cylindrical cavity internal diameter of first order cylinder external diameter and injector precursor forms the non-return district of precursor, second level cylinder diameter is less than first order cylinder diameter, and the annular space between the cylindrical cavity of second level cylinder external diameter and nozzle forms the non-return district of nozzle;
(3) nozzle chamber comprises cylindrical cavity, conical cavity, nozzle bore and back taper chamber, cylindrical cavity and conical cavity constitute the feeding storage compartment, the nozzle bore bore is less, form high shear zone, back taper accent footpath is gradual change and enlarges the big 0.2～0.8mm of back taper chamber end position relative aperture nozzle bore bore from the nozzle bore end position to back taper chamber end position.
2, injection (mo(u)lding) machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the compression ratio of the screw rod first homogenizing zone CD is 1.4～2.2, the second homogenizing zone DE groove depth is 65%～90% of the first homogenizing zone CD groove depth, and the compression ratio of the second homogenizing zone DE is 0.6D～1.2D less than 2.4, the second homogenizing zone DE length, and D is a screw diameter, screw pitch is 0.5～0.9D, and D is a screw diameter.
3, injection (mo(u)lding) machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cone angle of screw head first order cone and second level cone is 15～40 °, the annular space thickness in non-return district of precursor and the non-return district of nozzle is 0.1～0.9mm, and the annular space width is respectively first order cylinder, second level cylinder external diameter 0.6～1.0 times.
4, injection (mo(u)lding) machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, nozzle bore bore 1.5～3mm, and nozzle length is 3～6 times of nozzle bore bore.
5, injection (mo(u)lding) machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, machine barrel feeding section inwall is offered spiral grooves, and the thread rotary orientation of spiral grooves is identical with the screw flight rotation direction, and pitch is 1.2～2 times of barrel diameter, number of starts 〉=1.
6, injection (mo(u)lding) machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, machine barrel feeding section outer wall is installed cooling jacket, and cooling jacket is 2～4D along the axial width of machine barrel, and D is a screw diameter; The compression section of machine barrel and homogenizing zone outer wall are installed heating and cooling body; The precursor outer wall is installed heater with heating precursor and nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031499848A CN1301843C (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2003-08-01 | Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031499848A CN1301843C (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2003-08-01 | Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1579739A CN1579739A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
| CN1301843C true CN1301843C (en) | 2007-02-28 |
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| CNB031499848A Expired - Fee Related CN1301843C (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2003-08-01 | Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene injection moulding machine |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101966744A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2011-02-09 | 北京化工大学 | Device for enhancing heat transfer and realizing integral injection molding of mixing unit |
| CN102139528B (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2013-03-13 | 福州冠锋模具技术有限公司 | Novel gas nozzle for gas-assisted molding |
| CN102529016B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2015-09-09 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of single polymer composite product injection molding forming method and equipment |
| CN103600078B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州米莫金属科技有限公司 | A kind of screw of injection shaped device |
| CN110103404A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-09 | 广东伊之密精密注压科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-cold burden structure for macromolecule ejecting device |
| JP3248873U (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-10-28 | 廣州慧閣科技有限公司 | An extrusion machine that produces degradable edible materials. |
| CN217986630U (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-12-09 | 广州慧阁科技有限公司 | Injection machine for producing degradable edible articles |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5730067A (en) * | 1980-07-30 | 1982-02-18 | Sharp Corp | Microcomputer module |
| JPS61262113A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1986-11-20 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Injection molding of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene |
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2003
- 2003-08-01 CN CNB031499848A patent/CN1301843C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5730067A (en) * | 1980-07-30 | 1982-02-18 | Sharp Corp | Microcomputer module |
| JPS61262113A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1986-11-20 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Injection molding of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene |
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