CN117602672A - Vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN117602672A
CN117602672A CN202311612028.6A CN202311612028A CN117602672A CN 117602672 A CN117602672 A CN 117602672A CN 202311612028 A CN202311612028 A CN 202311612028A CN 117602672 A CN117602672 A CN 117602672A
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electrode material
vanadium pentoxide
mcmb
carbon
mixed system
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杨光
唐诗洋
姜瑞婷
丁会敏
李微
张玥
陈越
张宇
王志成
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Energy and Environment Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province
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Abstract

The invention relates to a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sodium ion battery electrode materials. To solve the existing nano V 2 O 5 Material used as lithium ion electricThe invention provides a preparation method of a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material, which comprises graphitization treatment of MCMB, functionalization treatment of MCMB, morphology regulation and control of vanadium oxide and V, and solves the problems of low conductivity and poor cycle performance caused by easy breakage in the cycle process of a pool anode material x O y High temperature calcination of the/C precursor. The invention starts from the microstructure, constructs and synthesizes the three-dimensional nano-structure composite electrode material with specific morphology, so that the composite electrode material has larger chemical specific surface area, provides effective buffer space for volume expansion of the material, reduces the transmission path of sodium ions and electrons, improves the conductivity and structural stability of the electrode material, and further improves the electrochemical performance of the electrode material.

Description

Vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sodium ion battery electrode materials, and particularly relates to a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Electrochemical energy storage devices include Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs), electrochemical Capacitors (ECs), metal-oxygen batteries, and the like. These rich energy storage systems represent a significant advance and great potential in numerous application areas, such as portable electronics, hybrid/pure electric vehicles, smart grids and other rechargeable and environmentally friendly electronics. The wide application of sodium ion batteries in the fields of small mobile electronic equipment, electric automobiles, energy storage power stations and the like is popular among a large number of researchers. Among the transition metals, the theoretical specific capacity of vanadium is 1037mAh/g, which is 2.7 times of that of graphite material, the vanadium transition metals are also rich in valence state, various oxidation-reduction potentials, and various oxides can be prepared for the positive electrode of the sodium ion battery through different process optimization.
V 2 O 5 The transition metal oxide has definite orthogonal phases, various oxidation states (II-V) and typical lamellar structure, the crystal of the transition metal oxide is formed by pyramid pentahedron through the mode of co-point and co-edge, the good interlayer structure allows reversible intercalation/de-intercalation of ions, the oxidation-reduction reaction of ions and electrolyte is increased, and the transition metal oxide is a low-cost material suitable for mass production. But block V 2 O 5 Poor conductivity, slow reaction kinetics, easy dissolution of vanadium, and limited application. Currently, bulk crystal structures have been nanocrystallized, converting to nanorods, nanowires, nanoplatelets, nanoribbons, and other nanostructures. These nanostructures have better reaction kinetics and shorter diffusion paths, and they improve the cyclability of the crystal structure with less strain during ion intercalation/deintercalation. However, these nano V 2 O 5 The material still has the defects of low conductivity, poor circulation performance caused by easy breakage in the circulation process, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the existing nano V 2 O 5 The invention provides a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material, a preparation method and application thereof, which are used as a lithium ion battery anode material and have the problems of low conductivity and poor cycle performance caused by easy breakage in the cycle process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material comprises the following steps:
sequentially placing the MCMB into a carbonization furnace and a graphite furnace for heating treatment to obtain graphitized MCMB;
step two, mixing and stirring the graphitized MCMB obtained in the step one, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate to obtain a mixed system I, adding potassium permanganate into the obtained mixed system I for multiple times under the water bath condition, stirring to obtain a mixed system II, adding distilled water into the obtained mixed system II for multiple times under the stirring condition to obtain a mixed system III, cooling the obtained mixed system III to room temperature,to this was added 30% H 2 O 2 Collecting a precipitate, cleaning and drying to obtain an MCMB-based nano carbon material MCMB-C until no bubbles are generated and the solution is golden yellow;
thirdly, ultrasonically dissolving ammonium metavanadate in deionized water according to the mass volume ratio of 0.1-2.0 g to 20-200 mL, and regulating the pH value of the obtained ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution to 1-5; ultrasonically dispersing the MCMB-based nano carbon material obtained in the step II in deionized water to obtain a MCMB-based nano carbon material system, mixing and stirring the MCMB-based nano carbon material system and an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the MCMB-based nano carbon material to the ammonium metavanadate of 1:20-1:5, reacting for 12-24 hours at 120-200 ℃, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is completed, and collecting a solid product to obtain V x O y a/C precursor powder;
step four, V obtained in the step three x O y Calcining the precursor powder at high temperature, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain V 2 O 5 And (3) preparing the solid powder of/C, namely the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material.
Further, under the protection of inert gas, the heating treatment condition of the carbonization furnace in the first step is that the carbonization furnace is heated to 500-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and the carbonization furnace is kept at the constant temperature for 1-5 hours; the heating treatment condition of the graphite furnace is that the graphite furnace is heated to 2800-3000 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 1-3 hours.
Further, the mass volume ratio of the graphitized MCMB, the concentrated sulfuric acid, the sodium nitrate, the potassium permanganate and the distilled water in the second step is 1.0g to 30-70 mL to 1.0-5.0 g to 3.0-8.0 g to 60-120 mL.
Further, the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the stirring time of the mixed system I is 10-50 min; the temperature of the water bath condition is 30-60 ℃, and the stirring time of the mixed system II is 12-24 h.
Further, the precipitated product is washed three times by 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence in the second step, and the drying is carried out at room temperature.
Further, the reagent used for adjusting the pH value of the ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution in the third step is ammonia water and an acid solution, and the acid solution is one of nitric acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
Further, the solid product collected in the third step is centrifuged at 8000rap/s and washed with water and then with absolute ethanol several times.
And in the fourth step, the high-temperature calcination is carried out by heating to 200-500 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-20 ℃/min and carrying out constant temperature treatment for 1-5 h.
The invention provides a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material prepared by a preparation method of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material.
An application of vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material in sodium ion battery preparation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention starts from the microstructure, and constructs and synthesizes the three-dimensional nano-structure composite electrode material with specific morphology. According to the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material provided by the invention, the vanadium pentoxide nanobelts are uniformly anchored on the MCMB-C surface, so that the composite electrode material has a larger chemical specific surface area, an effective buffer space is provided for the volume expansion of the material, the transmission paths of sodium ions and electrons are reduced, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode material is further improved. The composite electrode material of the invention is assembled into a sodium ion half-cell at 0.01-2.5V (vs. Na) + Electrochemical test is carried out under the voltage window of/Na), and the specific capacity of the electrode is up to 138mAh/g when the current density is 40 mA/g; when the current density is further increased, the electrode shows higher capacity retention rate of small current density, which indicates that the rate performance is better. After 100 cycles of charge and discharge, the capacity retention rate of the material still reaches 71.65 percent, and further proves that the vanadium pentoxide is nanocrystallized and compounded, so that the problems of voltage attenuation, capacity attenuation and the like of the vanadium material can be effectively improved, and the cycle performance of the vanadium material is obviously improved.
V 2 O 5 The one-dimensional nanostructuring of the nanoplatelets provides effective electron transport paths along one dimension, and the larger specific surface area provides shorter ion diffusion paths, compounding with carbon materialsImprove V 2 O 5 Conductivity and structural stability of/C. Compared with the low-dimensional nanomaterial, V 2 O 5 The three-dimensional nano-structure material/C not only has rich reaction interfaces, can provide more active sites, but also can provide channels for substance transmission, increases interface contact, and simultaneously effectively avoids random agglomeration of active substances, thereby maintaining the structural stability of the electrode. Thus, under the same electrochemical test, V having a three-dimensional or hierarchical structure 2 O 5 and/C shows better electrochemical performance than the low-dimensional electrode material.
The invention uses V 2 O 5 The composite material is compounded with the mesophase carbon microsphere MCMB, is favorable for improving the overall conductivity of the electrode, increasing the specific capacitance, reducing the energy loss in the charging/discharging process, improving the conductivity and the structural stability of the electrode material, overcoming the defect of a single electrode material, and is a key for meeting the requirements of quick-charging portable electronic equipment, long-service-life electric automobiles and environment-friendly energy storage equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a TEM image of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an XRD pattern of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a Ramam plot of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of charge and discharge curves at 25℃and at different current densities for electrodes prepared from the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of the rate performance of electrodes prepared from the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1 at 25℃and at different current densities;
fig. 7 is an SEM image of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are used for further illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention, but not limited thereto, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical scheme of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the present invention. The process equipment or apparatus not specifically noted in the following examples are all conventional equipment or apparatus in the art, and the raw materials and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified; unless specifically indicated, the technical means used in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material, which comprises the following steps:
step one, graphitizing MCMB:
the intermediate phase carbon microsphere MCMB is placed in a carbonization furnace, heated to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the protection of inert gas, treated at constant temperature for 1.5 hours, and naturally cooled to obtain a carbonized product; and heating the carbonized MCMB to 3000 ℃ in a graphite furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, performing constant temperature treatment for 1.5 hours, and cooling to obtain graphitized MCMB.
Step two, performing MCMB functionalization treatment:
adding 35mL of concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 95% into a large 250mL beaker filled with 1.0g of graphitized MCMB obtained in the step one and 1.2g of sodium nitrate, and stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed system I; placing the beaker in a water bath at 30 ℃, adding 4.2g of potassium permanganate in total into the mixed system I in the beaker for multiple times, and stirring for 24 hours to obtain a mixed system II; adding 75ml of distilled water into the mixed system II for multiple times under the stirring condition to obtain a mixed system III; after the mixed system III is cooled to room temperature, 30% of H is added into the mixed system III 2 O 2 Until no bubbles were generated and the solution was golden yellow. And collecting a precipitate, washing with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and ethanol for three times respectively, and airing at room temperature to obtain the MCMB-based nano carbon material MCMB-C.
Step three, morphology regulation of vanadium oxide:
ultrasonically dissolving 0.7g of ammonium metavanadate in 30mL of deionized water at 80 ℃ to obtain a pale yellow solution, and respectively dropwise adding ammonia water and nitric acid into the aqueous solution of ammonium metavanadate to adjust the pH value of the solution to 1.67. And (3) weighing 0.07g of the MCMB-based nano carbon material obtained in the step (II) and ultrasonically dispersing the MCMB-C in deionized water to obtain an MCMB-based nano carbon material system. And mixing and stirring the obtained MCMB-based nano carbon material system and an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, pouring the mixture into a 100mL reaction kettle, and reacting for 15h at 180 ℃. After the reaction was completed, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the product at 8000rap/s, and washing three times with water and ethanol each to obtain V x O y a/C precursor powder;
step four, V x O y High temperature calcination of the precursor/C:
v obtained in the step three x O y Placing the precursor powder in a muffle furnace for high-temperature calcination, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 2 hours; and then naturally cooling the electrode to room temperature to obtain the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material.
FIGS. 1 and 2 are SEM and TEM images of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1, respectively; FIG. 1 shows that the surface of the MCMB-based nano-carbon material is regularly arranged with vanadium pentoxide nanobelts with the width of about 300nm, and the vanadium pentoxide nanobelts are anchored on the surface of the MCMB, and part of the nanobelts are adhered together. The particle size of the composite electrode material was further observed to be 3 to 5 μm.
V 2 O 5 The one-dimensional nano structure of the nano sheet provides an effective electron transmission path along one-dimensional direction, the larger specific surface area provides a shorter ion diffusion path, and the recombination with the carbon material improves V 2 O 5 Conductivity and structural stability of/C. Compared with the low-dimensional nanomaterial, V 2 O 5 The three-dimensional nano-structure material/C not only has rich reaction interfaces, can provide more active sites, but also can provide channels for substance transmission, increases interface contact, and simultaneously effectively avoids random agglomeration of active substances, thereby maintaining the structural stability of the electrode. Thus, under the same electrochemical test, it has three dimensionsOr V of hierarchical structure 2 O 5 and/C shows better electrochemical performance than the low-dimensional electrode material.
Fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1, from which it can be seen that 15.4 °, 20.3 °, 21.7 °, 26.1 °, 31 °, 32.3 °, 33.3 °, 34.3 °, 41.2 °, 42 °, 45.4 °, 47.3 °, 51.2 ° correspond to the (200), (001), (101), (110), (301), (011), (111), (310), (002), (102), (411), (600), (020) crystal planes of vanadium pentoxide, respectively, and the (002) crystal planes of carbon are corresponding to 26.2 °.
FIG. 4 is a Ramam diagram of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 1, from which it can be seen that 144, 138.8, 480, 280cm -1 Bending vibrations attributed to V-O-V, V =o, 1350, 1589 are attributed to D and G bands of carbon.
To evaluate the electrochemical performance of the electrode at normal temperature, V 2 O 5 the/C and the metal sodium sheet are assembled into a sodium ion half cell at 0.01-2.5V (vs. Na + FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of charge and discharge curves of electrodes prepared from the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material at 25deg.C and at different current densities; FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of the rate capability of electrodes prepared from vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode materials at 25deg.C under different current densities.
FIG. 5 shows that the specific capacity of the electrode is up to 138mAh/g at a current density of 40mA/g, and the capacity retention is about 72% after 100 cycles. As is clear from fig. 6, the electrode exhibited a higher retention of small current density capacity as the current density was further increased, indicating that its rate capability was better. The vanadium pentoxide anode material is further modified by compounding the vanadium pentoxide with the carbon material, and the cyclic performance of the vanadium pentoxide anode material is obviously improved by the modification. The method is characterized in that after 100 cycles of charge and discharge, the capacity retention rate of the material is still as high as 71.65 percent. It is further proved that the nano-and compound vanadium pentoxide can effectively improve the problems of voltage attenuation, capacity attenuation and the like of the vanadium material.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material, which comprises the following steps:
step one, graphitizing MCMB:
the intermediate phase carbon microsphere MCMB is placed in a carbonization furnace, heated to 650 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the protection of inert gas, treated at constant temperature for 1.0h, and naturally cooled to obtain a carbonized product; and heating the carbonized MCMB to 3000 ℃ in a graphite furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, performing constant temperature treatment for 1.0h, and cooling to obtain graphitized MCMB.
Step two, performing MCMB functionalization treatment:
adding 35mL of concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 95% into a large 250mL beaker filled with 1.0g of graphitized MCMB obtained in the step one and 1.0g of sodium nitrate, and stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed system I; placing the beaker in a water bath at 35 ℃, adding 3.8g of potassium permanganate in total into the mixed system I in the beaker for multiple times, and stirring for 24 hours to obtain a mixed system II; adding 75ml of distilled water into the mixed system II for multiple times under the stirring condition to obtain a mixed system III; after the mixed system III is cooled to room temperature, 30% of H is added into the mixed system III 2 O 2 Until no bubbles were generated and the solution was golden yellow. And collecting a precipitate, washing with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and ethanol for three times respectively, and airing at room temperature to obtain the MCMB-based nano carbon material MCMB-C.
Step three, morphology regulation of vanadium oxide:
ultrasonically dissolving 0.6g of ammonium metavanadate in 50mL of deionized water at 80 ℃ to obtain a pale yellow solution, and respectively dropwise adding ammonia water and nitric acid into the aqueous solution of ammonium metavanadate to adjust the pH value of the solution to 1.85. And (3) weighing 0.04g of the MCMB-based nano carbon material obtained in the step (II) and ultrasonically dispersing the MCMB-C in deionized water to obtain an MCMB-based nano carbon material system. And mixing and stirring the obtained MCMB-based nano carbon material system and an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, pouring the mixture into a 100mL reaction kettle, and reacting for 15h at 180 ℃. After the reaction was completed, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the product at 8000rap/s, and washing three times with water and ethanol each to obtain V x O y a/C precursor powder;
step four, V x O y High temperature calcination of the precursor/C:
v obtained in the step three x O y Placing the precursor powder in a muffle furnace for high-temperature calcination, heating to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 2 hours; and then naturally cooling the electrode to room temperature to obtain the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material.
Fig. 7 is an SEM image of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared in example 2, and it can be seen from the figure that the nanoribbons overlap each other and are anchored on the surface of the carbon sphere, forming a composite material having a three-dimensional structure. Compared with the embodiment 1, the vanadium pentoxide nanosheets of the embodiment are stacked to a larger extent and adhered to each other, so that the specific surface area of the material is increased, and more active sites can be provided to enhance the electrical performance of the material.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material, which comprises the following steps:
step one, graphitizing MCMB:
the intermediate phase carbon microsphere MCMB is placed in a carbonization furnace, heated to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/h under the protection of inert gas, treated at constant temperature for 2.0h, and naturally cooled to obtain a carbonized product; and heating the carbonized MCMB to 3000 ℃ in a graphite furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃/h, performing constant temperature treatment for 1.0h, and cooling to obtain graphitized MCMB.
Step two, performing MCMB functionalization treatment:
adding 35mL of concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 95% into a large 250mL beaker filled with 1.0g of graphitized MCMB obtained in the step one and 3.0g of sodium nitrate, and stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed system I; placing the beaker in a water bath at 40 ℃, adding 6.1g of potassium permanganate into the mixed system I in the beaker for multiple times, and stirring for 24 hours to obtain a mixed system II; adding 75ml of distilled water into the mixed system II for multiple times under the stirring condition to obtain a mixed system III; after the mixed system III is cooled to room temperature, 30% of H is added into the mixed system III 2 O 2 Until no bubbles were generated and the solution was golden yellow. The precipitated product was collected and the precipitate was collected,washing with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and ethanol for three times respectively, and air-drying at room temperature to obtain the MCMB-based nano carbon material MCMB-C.
Step three, morphology regulation of vanadium oxide:
0.7g of ammonium metavanadate is ultrasonically dissolved in 50mL of deionized water at 80 ℃ to obtain a pale yellow solution, and ammonia water and nitric acid are respectively added dropwise into the aqueous solution of ammonium metavanadate to adjust the pH value of the solution to 2.85. And (3) weighing 0.14g of the MCMB-based nano carbon material obtained in the step (II) and ultrasonically dispersing the MCMB-C in deionized water to obtain an MCMB-based nano carbon material system. And mixing and stirring the obtained MCMB-based nano carbon material system and an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, pouring the mixture into a 100mL reaction kettle, and reacting for 15h at 180 ℃. After the reaction was completed, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the product at 8000rap/s, and washing three times with water and ethanol each to obtain V x O y a/C precursor powder;
step four, V x O y High temperature calcination of the precursor/C:
v obtained in the step three x O y Placing the precursor powder in a muffle furnace for high-temperature calcination, heating to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/h, and carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 2 hours; and then naturally cooling the electrode to room temperature to obtain the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
sequentially placing the MCMB into a carbonization furnace and a graphite furnace for heating treatment to obtain graphitized MCMB;
step two, mixing and stirring the graphitized MCMB obtained in the step one, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate to obtain a mixed system I, adding potassium permanganate into the obtained mixed system I for multiple times under the water bath condition, stirring to obtain a mixed system II, adding distilled water into the obtained mixed system II for multiple times under the stirring condition to obtain a mixed system III, cooling the obtained mixed system III to room temperature, and adding 30% of H into the mixed system III 2 O 2 Until no bubbles are generated and the solution is golden yellow, collecting the precipitate, cleaning and drying to obtain MCMB baseNanocarbon material MCMB-C;
thirdly, ultrasonically dissolving ammonium metavanadate in deionized water according to the mass volume ratio of 0.1-2.0 g to 20-200 mL, and regulating the pH value of the obtained ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution to 1-5; ultrasonically dispersing the MCMB-based nano carbon material obtained in the step II in deionized water to obtain a MCMB-based nano carbon material system, mixing and stirring the MCMB-based nano carbon material system and an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the MCMB-based nano carbon material to the ammonium metavanadate of 1:20-1:5, reacting for 12-24 hours at 120-200 ℃, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is completed, and collecting a solid product to obtain V x O y a/C precursor powder;
step four, V obtained in the step three x O y Calcining the precursor powder at high temperature, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain V 2 O 5 And (3) preparing the solid powder of/C, namely the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material.
2. The method for preparing the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the heating treatment condition of the carbonization furnace is that under the protection of inert gas, the carbonization furnace is heated to 500-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/h, and the carbonization furnace is kept at a constant temperature for 1-5 h; the heating treatment condition of the graphite furnace is that the graphite furnace is heated to 2800-3000 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-20 ℃/h and is kept at a constant temperature for 1-3 h.
3. The preparation method of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass-volume ratio of graphitized MCMB, concentrated sulfuric acid, sodium nitrate, potassium permanganate and distilled water in the second step is 1.0 g/30-70 mL/1.0-5.0 g/3.0-8.0 g/60-120 mL.
4. The method for preparing the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material according to claim 3, wherein the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the stirring time of the mixed system I is 10-50 min; the temperature of the water bath condition is 30-60 ℃, and the stirring time of the mixed system II is 12-24 h.
5. The method for preparing a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material according to claim 4, wherein the washing of the precipitated product in step two is performed three times with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and absolute ethanol, respectively, and the drying is performed at room temperature.
6. The method for preparing a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material according to claim 5, wherein the reagent used for adjusting the pH of the ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution in the third step is ammonia water or an acid solution, and the acid solution is one of nitric acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.
7. The method for preparing a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material according to claim 6, wherein the collecting of the solid product in the third step is centrifuging under 8000rap/s, and washing with water and absolute ethanol several times in sequence.
8. The method for preparing a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material according to claim 7, wherein the high-temperature calcination in step four is performed by heating to 200-500 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-20 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 1-5 hours.
9. A vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material prepared by the method for preparing a vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the vanadium pentoxide/carbon nanocomposite electrode material according to claim 9 in sodium ion battery production.
CN202311612028.6A 2023-11-29 2023-11-29 Vanadium pentoxide/carbon nano composite electrode material and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN117602672A (en)

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