CN116162090B - 七嗪基聚合物光催化剂的制备及其在光催化分解水产氧中的应用 - Google Patents
七嗪基聚合物光催化剂的制备及其在光催化分解水产氧中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种七嗪基聚合物光催化剂的制备及其在光催化分解水产氧中的应用,属于有机聚合物半导体光催化领域。本发明通过将单体1、单体2、路易斯酸、溶剂于惰性气氛下混合进行反应,得到所述七嗪基聚合物,本发明操作简单,反应条件温和,材料易合成,所得聚合物可以水为氧气来源、光为能量来源进行光催化分解水产氧的反应,且由于其结构中引入了噻吩结构,因而可实现无助催化剂下的光催化分解水产氧,具有一定应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机聚合物半导体光催化技术领域,具体涉及一种七嗪基聚合物光催化剂的制备及其在光催化分解水产氧中的应用。
背景技术
随着我国工业水平的不断发展,能源短缺问题日益凸显,清洁能源的开发提上日程,如风能、太阳能等。其中,通过太阳能光催化将水分解成氢气和氧气,将太阳能转化成化学能储存起来的方式得到了大家的重视。光解水产氧的技术指在光的作用下,在催化剂内部形成光生电荷,光生电荷分离后形成空穴和电子,空穴对水进行氧化产生氧气的过程。但是在这个过程中,光解水产氧涉及多电子过程,其动力学缓慢,制约了光解水效率的提升,是目前面临的巨大挑战,而提高催化剂的氧化能力和电子循环过程是提高光解水产氧效率的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种七嗪基聚合物光催化剂的制备及应用,其利用噻吩骨架上的硫,促进催化剂与水的吸附,从而提高了催化剂的氧化能力和电子循环过程,实现了在无助催化剂介入条件下的光催化分解水产氧。本发明合成简单,易于操作,在光催化分解水产氧上表现出优异的催化效果,具有潜在的应用价值。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采取如下技术方案:
本发明的目的之一是保护一种七嗪基聚合物,其是将单体1、单体2、路易斯酸、溶剂于惰性气氛下混合进行反应而制得。
进一步地,所用单体1与单体2的摩尔比为1:(1~6)。所述单体1为三氯七嗪,所述单体2为噻吩、2,2'-联噻吩、2,2':5',2''-三噻吩中任意一种。
进一步地,所用单体1和路易斯酸的摩尔比为1:(1~5)。所述路易斯酸为AlCl3。
进一步地,所述溶剂为二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷中的任意一种。
进一步地,所述惰性气氛包括氮气、氩气中的任意一种。
进一步地,所述反应的温度为35-90 ℃,时间为1-3天。
本发明的目的之二是保护所述七嗪基聚合物的应用,即以所得七嗪基聚合物作为光催化剂,在无助催化剂的条件下,在水-牺牲剂体系中进行光催化分解水产氧反应。
进一步地,所述牺牲剂为AgNO3、FeCl3、NaIO3中的任意一种。
进一步地,所述光催化分解水产氧反应的温度为10~25 ℃,时间为30~60 min。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:
(1)本发明公开了一种七嗪基聚合物光催化剂的制备方法,其利用噻吩中含硫的特性,促进催化剂与水的吸附,从而提高了催化剂的氧化能力和电子循环过程,实现了无需助催化剂存在条件下的光催化分解水产氧。
(2)本发明合成简单,成本低,易于操作,所得聚合物在光催化分解水产氧上表现出良好的催化效果,具有潜在的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备七嗪基聚合物的反应示意图。
图2为实施例1-3所制备七嗪基聚合物的粉末XRD图。
图3为实施例1-3所制备七嗪基聚合物的FI-IR图。
图4为实施例1-3所制备七嗪基聚合物的XPS图。
图5为实施例1-3所制备七嗪基聚合物(a-c)的SEM图。
图6为实施例1-3所制备七嗪基聚合物光催化分解水产氧的活性对比图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所述的内容更加便于理解,下面结合具体实施方式对本发明所述的技术方案做进一步的说明,但是本发明不仅限于此。
实施例1 七嗪基聚合物TP-1的制备
在圆底烧瓶中加入三氯七嗪(220 mg,0.78 mmol)、三氯化铝(422 mg,3.17mmol)、噻吩(197 mg,2.34 mmol)和二氯乙烷(5 mL),在氩气条件下加热至90 ℃反应48 h。然后冷却至室温,将冰水加入圆底烧瓶中,搅拌,过滤,并用THF在索氏提取器中提纯48 h,最后于100 ℃真空干燥,得到七嗪基聚合物TP-1。
实施例2 七嗪基聚合物TP-2的制备
在圆底烧瓶中加入三氯七嗪(220 mg,0.78 mmol)、三氯化铝(422 mg,3.17mmol)、2,2'-联噻吩(388 mg,2.34 mmol)和二氯乙烷(5 mL),氩气条件下加热至90 ℃反应48 h。然后冷却至室温,将冰水加入圆底烧瓶中,搅拌,过滤,并用THF在索氏提取器中提纯48 h,最后于100 ℃真空干燥,得到七嗪基聚合物TP-2。
实施例3 七嗪基聚合物TP-3的制备
在圆底烧瓶中加入三氯七嗪(220 mg,0.78 mmol)、三氯化铝(422 mg,3.17mmol)、2,2':5',2''-三噻吩(580 mg,2.34 mmol)和二氯乙烷(5 mL),氩气条件下加热至90℃反应48 h。然后冷却至室温,将冰水加入圆底烧瓶中,搅拌,过滤,并用THF在索氏提取器中提纯48 h,最后于100 ℃真空干燥,得到七嗪基聚合物TP-3。
图2为所制备七嗪基聚合物的XRD图。由图中可见,该类聚合物为无定型结构。
图3为所制备七嗪基聚合物的FI-IR图。图中~800 cm-1、~1370 cm-1和~1600 cm-1的振动峰证明了聚合物中七嗪环骨架的存在。
图4为所制备七嗪基聚合物的XPS图。C 1s谱中~284.8,~285.4和~288.4 eV的峰分别对应七嗪环骨架中的C-C、N-(C)3和C=N键;N 1s谱中~398.7和400.3 eV的峰分别对应七嗪环骨架中的C=N和N-(C)3键。C 1s和N 1s谱图的结果表明聚合物中七嗪结构的存在。S 2p谱中~163.8和~164.9 eV的峰分别对应噻吩上硫物种的S 2p3/2和S 2p1/2,证明了噻吩结构的存在。
图5为所制备七嗪基聚合物的SEM图。图中显示该七嗪基聚合物为块状材料。
应用实施例
将50 mg七嗪基聚合物超声分散在100 mL水中,随后转移到反应器中,同时加入0.16 g FeCl3作为牺牲剂,在氩气气氛下用带有420 nm截止片的氙灯照射反应器,控制反应温度在12 ℃,每隔30 min通过气相色谱检测反应器中生成的氧气含量。
图6为所制备七嗪基聚合物光催化分解水产氧的活性对比图。图中结果说明该七嗪基聚合物具有良好的光催化分解水产氧的活性和稳定性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种七嗪基聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于:将单体1、单体2、路易斯酸、溶剂于惰性气氛下混合进行反应,得到所述七嗪基聚合物;
其中,所述单体1为三氯七嗪,所述单体2为噻吩、2,2'-联噻吩、2,2':5',2''-三噻吩中任意一种;
所用单体1与单体2的摩尔比为1:(1~6);所用单体1和路易斯酸的摩尔比为1:(1~5);
所述路易斯酸为AlCl3;
所述反应的温度为35-90 ℃,时间为1-3天。
2.根据权利要求1所述的七嗪基聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂为二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷中的任意一种。
3.一种如权利要求1~2任一项所述方法制得的七嗪基聚合物。
4.一种如权利要求3所述的七嗪基聚合物在光催化分解水产氧中的应用,其特征在于:以所述七嗪基聚合物为光催化剂,在无助催化剂的条件下,在水-牺牲剂体系中进行光催化分解水产氧反应。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于:所述牺牲剂为AgNO3、FeCl3、NaIO3中的任意一种。
6. 根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于:所述光催化分解水产氧反应的温度为10~25 ℃,时间为30~60 min。
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