CN116162090B - Preparation of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst and application of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst in photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen - Google Patents
Preparation of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst and application of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst in photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen Download PDFInfo
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- CN116162090B CN116162090B CN202310007006.0A CN202310007006A CN116162090B CN 116162090 B CN116162090 B CN 116162090B CN 202310007006 A CN202310007006 A CN 202310007006A CN 116162090 B CN116162090 B CN 116162090B
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- heptazinyl
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- water
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- photocatalytic decomposition
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011697 sodium iodate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001144 powder X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
- B01J31/0244—Nitrogen containing compounds with nitrogen contained as ring member in aromatic compounds or moieties, e.g. pyridine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D487/16—Peri-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst and application thereof in photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen, and belongs to the field of organic polymer semiconductor photocatalysis. According to the invention, the monomer 1, the monomer 2, the Lewis acid and the solvent are mixed and reacted in inert atmosphere to obtain the heptazinyl polymer, the operation is simple, the reaction condition is mild, the material is easy to synthesize, the obtained polymer can be used for carrying out the reaction of photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen by taking water as an oxygen source and light as an energy source, and the thiophene structure is introduced into the structure, so that the photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen without a cocatalyst can be realized, and the method has a certain application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic polymer semiconductor photocatalysis, and particularly relates to preparation of a heptazine-based polymer photocatalyst and application of the heptazine-based polymer photocatalyst in photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen.
Background
With the continuous development of industrial level in China, the problem of energy shortage is increasingly prominent, and the development of clean energy sources, such as wind energy, solar energy and the like, is scheduled. Among them, the solar photocatalytic decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen and the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy for storage have been paid attention. The technology of photolysis of water to produce oxygen refers to the process of forming photo-generated charges in the catalyst under the action of light, separating the photo-generated charges to form holes and electrons, and oxidizing water by the holes to produce oxygen. However, in the process, the photolysis water is subjected to oxygen generation, the kinetics are slow, the improvement of the photolysis water efficiency is restricted, the method is a great challenge at present, and the improvement of the oxidation capacity of a catalyst and the electronic circulation process are key to the improvement of the photolysis water oxygen generation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation and application of a heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst, which utilizes sulfur on a thiophene skeleton to promote the adsorption of the catalyst and water, so that the oxidation capacity and the electron circulation process of the catalyst are improved, and the photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen under the condition of no intervention of a cocatalyst is realized. The method is simple in synthesis and easy to operate, has excellent catalytic effect on decomposing water to produce oxygen by photocatalysis, and has potential application value.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
One of the purposes of the invention is to protect a heptazinyl polymer, which is prepared by mixing and reacting a monomer 1, a monomer 2, lewis acid and a solvent under an inert atmosphere.
Further, the molar ratio of the monomer 1 to the monomer 2 is 1 (1-6). The monomer 1 is trichloroheptazine, and the monomer 2 is any one of thiophene, 2' -bithiophene and 2,2':5',2' ' -trithiophene.
Further, the molar ratio of the monomer 1 to the Lewis acid is 1 (1-5). The Lewis acid is AlCl 3.
Further, the solvent is any one of dichloromethane and dichloroethane.
Further, the inert atmosphere includes any one of nitrogen and argon.
Further, the reaction temperature is 35-90 ℃ and the reaction time is 1-3 days.
The second purpose of the invention is to protect the application of the heptazinyl polymer, namely, the obtained heptazinyl polymer is used as a photocatalyst to carry out photocatalytic decomposition water oxygen production reaction in a water-sacrificial agent system under the condition of no cocatalyst.
Further, the sacrificial agent is any one of AgNO 3、FeCl3、NaIO3.
Further, the temperature of the reaction for decomposing water into oxygen by photocatalysis is 10-25 ℃ and the time is 30-60 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention discloses a preparation method of a heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst, which utilizes the characteristic of sulfur in thiophene to promote the adsorption of the catalyst and water, thereby improving the oxidation capacity of the catalyst and the electronic circulation process and realizing the photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen under the condition of no cocatalyst.
(2) The invention has simple synthesis, low cost and easy operation, and the obtained polymer has good catalytic effect on decomposing water to produce oxygen by photocatalysis and has potential application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the reaction of the present invention to prepare a heptazinyl polymer.
FIG. 2 is a powder XRD pattern of the heptazinyl polymer prepared in examples 1-3.
FIG. 3 is a FI-IR diagram of the heptazinyl polymer prepared in examples 1-3.
FIG. 4 is an XPS plot of the heptazinyl polymers prepared in examples 1-3.
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of the heptazinyl polymers (a-c) prepared in examples 1-3.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparative activity of the heptazinyl polymers prepared in examples 1-3 in photocatalytic decomposition of water to oxygen.
Detailed Description
In order to make the contents of the present invention more easily understood, the technical scheme of the present invention will be further described with reference to the specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1 preparation of heptazinyl Polymer TP-1
To a round bottom flask was added trichloroheptazine (220 mg,0.78 mmol), aluminum trichloride (422 mg,3.17 mmol), thiophene (197 mg,2.34 mmol) and dichloroethane (5 mL) and reacted 48: 48h under argon heating to 90 ℃. Then cooled to room temperature, ice water was added to a round bottom flask, stirred, filtered, and purified with THF 48h in a soxhlet extractor, and finally dried in vacuo at 100 ℃ to give heptazinyl polymer TP-1.
Example 2 preparation of heptazinyl Polymer TP-2
To a round bottom flask was added heptazine trichloride (220 mg,0.78 mmol), aluminum trichloride (422 mg,3.17 mmol), 2' -bithiophene (388 mg,2.34 mmol) and dichloroethane (5 mL), and the reaction was heated to 90℃under argon to 48 h. Then cooled to room temperature, ice water was added to a round bottom flask, stirred, filtered, and purified with THF 48 h in a soxhlet extractor, and finally dried in vacuo at 100 ℃ to give heptazinyl polymer TP-2.
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of heptazinyl Polymer TP-3
To a round bottom flask was added trichloroheptazine (220 mg,0.78 mmol), aluminum trichloride (422 mg,3.17 mmol), 2':5',2 "-trithiophene (580 mg,2.34 mmol) and dichloroethane (5 mL), and reacted 48: 48 h under argon heating to 90 ℃. Then cooled to room temperature, ice water was added to a round bottom flask, stirred, filtered, and purified with THF 48 h in a soxhlet extractor, and finally dried in vacuo at 100 ℃ to give heptazinyl polymer TP-3.
Fig. 2 is an XRD pattern of the prepared heptazinyl polymer. As can be seen, the polymers are amorphous structures.
FIG. 3 is a FI-IR diagram of the prepared heptazinyl polymer. Vibration peaks of 800-cm -1、~1370 cm-1 and 1600-cm -1 in the graph prove the existence of a heptazine ring skeleton in the polymer.
Fig. 4 is an XPS diagram of the prepared heptazinyl polymer. Peaks of 284.8, 285.4 and 288.4 eV in the C1 s spectrum correspond to C-C, N- (C) 3 and C=N bonds in the heptazine ring skeleton respectively; peaks of 398.7 and 400.3 eV in the N1 s spectrum correspond to C=N and N- (C) 3 bonds in the heptazine ring skeleton, respectively. The results of the C1 s and N1 s spectra indicate the presence of heptazine structures in the polymer. Peaks of 163.8 to 164.9 eV in the S2 p spectrum correspond to S2 p3/2 and S2 p1/2 of sulfur species on thiophene respectively, and the existence of a thiophene structure is proved.
Fig. 5 is an SEM image of the prepared heptazinyl polymer. The heptazinyl polymer is shown as a bulk material.
Application examples
50Mg heptazinyl polymer was ultrasonically dispersed in 100 mL water, then transferred to a reactor, while 0.16 g FeCl 3 was added as a sacrificial agent, the reactor was irradiated with a xenon lamp with a 420 nm cut-off piece under an argon atmosphere, the reaction temperature was controlled at 12 ℃, and the oxygen content generated in the reactor was detected by gas chromatography every 30 min.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparative activity of the prepared heptazinyl polymer in photocatalytic decomposition of water to oxygen. The results in the figure show that the heptazinyl polymer has good activity and stability of photocatalytic decomposition of water to oxygen.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a heptazinyl polymer is characterized in that: mixing the monomer 1, the monomer 2, lewis acid and a solvent in inert atmosphere for reaction to obtain the heptazinyl polymer;
Wherein the monomer 1 is trichloroheptazine, and the monomer 2 is any one of thiophene, 2' -bithiophene and 2,2':5',2' ' -trithiophene;
The molar ratio of the monomer 1 to the monomer 2 is 1 (1-6); the molar ratio of the monomer 1 to the Lewis acid is 1 (1-5);
the Lewis acid is AlCl 3;
The reaction temperature is 35-90 ℃ and the reaction time is 1-3 days.
2. The method for preparing a heptazinyl polymer according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent is any one of dichloromethane and dichloroethane.
3. A heptazinyl polymer prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-2.
4. Use of the heptazinyl polymer according to claim 3 for photocatalytic decomposition of water to oxygen, wherein: the heptazinyl polymer is used as a photocatalyst, and under the condition of no catalyst promoter, the water-sacrificial agent system is subjected to photocatalytic decomposition to produce the water oxygen reaction.
5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sacrificial agent is any one of AgNO 3、FeCl3、NaIO3.
6. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: the temperature of the reaction for decomposing water into oxygen by photocatalysis is 10-25 ℃ and the time is 30-60 min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310007006.0A CN116162090B (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Preparation of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst and application of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst in photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen |
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| CN202310007006.0A CN116162090B (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Preparation of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst and application of heptazinyl polymer photocatalyst in photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen |
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| CN116162090B true CN116162090B (en) | 2024-06-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102009009277B4 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2023-12-07 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Organic electronic device, process for its production and use of compounds |
| US20120091884A1 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2012-04-19 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Heptaazaphenalene derivatives and use thereof in organic electroluminescent device |
| KR101746672B1 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-06-13 | 주식회사 아루이 | Catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, the method for synthesizing the same and the decomposition method of form acid using the same |
| CN112961327B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-04-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | Covalent heptazine polymers, process for their preparation and catalytic process for the production of hydrogen peroxide |
| CN114920908B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-04-21 | 福州大学 | Fluorenone-containing organic conjugated polymer and application thereof in synthesis of alpha-ketoester |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| An N-rich metal–organic framework with an rht topology: high CO2and C2hydrocarbons uptake and selective capture from CH4;Kang Liu等;Chemistry Communication;20140325;第50卷;第5031-5033页 * |
| Rational Design of Covalent Heptazine Frameworks with Spatially Separated Redox Centers for High-Efficiency Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production;Hao Cheng等;Advanced Materials;20211123;第34卷;2107480 * |
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