CN115142465A - Construction method of inclined gravity retaining wall - Google Patents
Construction method of inclined gravity retaining wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN115142465A CN115142465A CN202210691709.5A CN202210691709A CN115142465A CN 115142465 A CN115142465 A CN 115142465A CN 202210691709 A CN202210691709 A CN 202210691709A CN 115142465 A CN115142465 A CN 115142465A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
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- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
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- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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Abstract
The utility model provides a construction method of formula gravity retaining wall inclines upward, the retaining wall foundation construction below the ground elevation adopts the construction mode of "take the wall earlier, backfill afterwards", its main points lie in: and (4) entering the construction stage of the retaining wall above the ground elevation, reversing the construction sequence and adopting a construction mode of firstly backfilling and then building the wall. In the construction process, the rolling layer of the wall back is at least one step higher than the construction layer of the retaining wall. Adopt 36 ton road roller to backfill, roll the wall back of the body in layers, the operation mode that the earth of the wall back of the body is tamped in layers to the area that the large-scale rolling equipment of backfill layer edge can't roll adopts small-size rolling equipment to replace, ingenious conversion of construction order and the reasonable application of construction equipment, it is long to have thoroughly solved the earth backfill of the wall back of the body that gravity type retaining wall exists and roll the period of construction, inefficiency, the wall back of the body exposure time is long, a series of problems such as wall body hypsokinesis, off normal, slide, effectively improve the efficiency of construction, the reduction of erection time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to engineering construction, in particular to a construction method of an inclined gravity retaining wall.
Background
Gravity type retaining wall refers to the retaining wall that relies on wall body dead weight to resist soil body initiative soil pressure. The gravity type retaining wall can use block stones, sheet stones and concrete precast blocks as masonry or adopt sheet stone concrete to perform integral pouring. Its advantages are use of local raw materials, convenient construction and high economic effect. Therefore, the gravity retaining wall is widely applied to projects such as railways, highways, water conservancy projects, estuaries, mines and the like in China.
The water drain pipes are added in the inclined gravity retaining wall, the water drain pipes are used as the basis for layering the inclined gravity retaining wall in the construction process, and because the height of the construction layer of the inclined gravity retaining wall is different from the height of the wall back rolling layer in the construction process, a layer (the height between the upper row of water drain pipes and the lower row of water drain pipes) of the inclined gravity retaining wall is defined as a first step, namely the height of the step refers to the height of the inclined gravity retaining wall and is the height between the upper row of water drain pipes and the lower row of water drain pipes, and the layer height refers to the height of the wall back rolling layer.
1. The concrete construction method of the existing gravity retaining wall comprises the following steps: step-making method
(1) The step means: after each step of construction of the inclined gravity retaining wall, the wall back backfilling and rolling are completed next, and in the construction process, the wall back backfilling and rolling layer is lower than the inclined gravity retaining wall construction layer by one step all the time.
(2) The sequential means: the existing tilt-up gravity retaining wall adopts a construction mode of firstly building the wall and then backfilling.
The retaining wall back of the body backfill rolls and adopts the construction mode that "large-scale rolling equipment is main, small-size rolling equipment is for assisting", because its shock wave of 36 tons road roller that backfill uses causes the increase of pressure of retaining wall back of the body wall one side of coplanar or top easily when working, cause the retaining wall body to lean forward, harm such as deformation, so in order to avoid damaging the wall body, use large-scale machines to backfill and roll within 2 meters range from the wall back of the body, adopt large-scale rolling equipment such as 36 tons road roller according to each layer of virtual pavement thickness 57.5 centimeters outside 2 meters range from the wall back of the body, compaction thickness is 50 centimeters of thickness backfill, roll, or select other thicknesses as required, for example: 80 cm of virtual paving thickness and 70 cm of compaction thickness.
And (3) comparing the work efficiency of a 36-ton road roller with that of small rolling equipment: considering the time of layered paving, backfilling and compaction test, one small vertical vibratory tamper can actually complete 68m in one working day 3 And (5) backfilling and rolling.
Parameters of a 36-ton road roller: length, width, height =70800mm 2590mm 3250mm, vibration wheel 2400mm, running speed 5.0-5.9km/h, and considering layered paving backfill and compactness test time, one working day of one 36-ton road roller can actually complete 5000m 3 And (5) backfilling and rolling.
The difference of the working efficiency between the two is huge, so the backfilling and rolling time is mainly used for the work of the small vertical vibrating rammer.
2. The specific process steps are as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a tilt-up gravity retaining wall foundation and a wall body area are defined, wherein the lower part of the lowest row of drain pipes is the tilt-up gravity retaining wall foundation, and the upper part of the lowest row of drain pipes is the tilt-up gravity retaining wall body. A section of the retaining wall is 100 meters long, 7.67 meters high, the thickness of the retaining wall is 2 meters, and the elevation angle is 1:0.25 oblique gravity retaining wall, the size of each linear meter of dock work is 15.67m 3 For example,/m, the retaining wall below the ground level is the first-order retaining wall, and the first-order retaining wall is arranged between the upper row of the water drain pipes and the lower row of the water drain pipes:
(1) As shown in fig. 2, the measurement and setting-out, the foundation excavation, the foundation treatment, the broken stone cushion layer, the concrete cushion layer and the retaining wall foundation are constructed in sequence. (retaining wall foundation total 411.75 m) 3 2 days required);
(2) As shown in figure 3, when the retaining wall foundation 3 of the first bin (with the length of 20 meters) is completely and sequentially connected, the construction stage of the retaining wall foundation of the next bin is carried out, and small-sized grinding is adoptedThe pressing equipment returns to the finished area of the retaining wall foundation and backfills the wall back of the retaining wall foundation layer by layer according to the thickness of 25 cm in time, rolls the wall back to the bottom of the drainage pipe in the bottom row and the like (the total backfilling of the retaining wall foundation wall back is 248.07 m) 3 3.7 days required);
(3) See fig. 4 and 5. Firstly, the drain pipes 1 in the lowest row and the reverse filter bags 2 are filled. And after the construction of the first chamber wall body of the second-order retaining wall is completed, the wall body is connected in sequence to enter the construction stage of the next chamber wall body of the second-order retaining wall, and the wall back backfilling and rolling operation is carried out in the completion area of the second-order retaining wall 4 (also called retaining wall), and the like. The width of the second-step retaining wall back 5 is only 2.2 meters, which is not suitable for a 36-ton road roller, and the wall back is backfilled and rolled layer by layer according to the thickness of 25 cm by using small-sized rolling equipment for backfilling and rolling. (second step retaining wall volume 204.25m 3 It took 2 days. Second-stage retaining wall back backfill square amount 267.28m 3 It took 3.9 days. ) (ii) a
(4) And as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a second drainage pipe is installed and an anti-filter bag is filled. And (3) after the construction of the first chamber wall body of the third-order retaining wall is completed, the wall body is sequentially connected to enter the construction stage of the next chamber wall body of the third-order retaining wall, and meanwhile, the wall back backfilling and rolling operation is performed in the completion area of the wall body of the third-order retaining wall, and the process is analogized in sequence. The width of the wall back of the retaining wall of the third step is only 3.06 meters, which is not suitable for a 36-ton road roller, and the wall back is backfilled and rolled layer by layer according to the thickness of 25 centimeters by adopting small rolling equipment. (third step wall volume 204.25m 3 It took 2 days. Third-order wall back backfill square volume 352.52m 3 It took 5.2 days. ) (ii) a
(5) And as shown in fig. 8 and 9, a third drainage pipe is installed and an anti-filter bag is filled. And after the construction of the first chamber wall body of the fourth-step retaining wall is completed, the wall body is sequentially connected to enter the construction stage of the next chamber wall body of the fourth-step retaining wall, and meanwhile, the wall back backfilling and rolling operation is performed in the wall body completion area of the fourth-step retaining wall, and the like. The width of the retaining wall back 50 cm above the third drainage pipe is only 4.37 m, which is not suitable for 36-ton road roller, and the wall back is backfilled and rolled layer by layer in the backfilling area according to the thickness of 25 cm by using small rolling equipment.
Then upward, the width of the wall backAnd when the width of the soil is more than 4.4 meters and less than 2 meters, the wheel base of the road roller is more than 36 tons (2.4 meters), the part can be rolled by the road roller of 36 tons, and if the backfill width of the wall back of the retaining wall at the bottom of the fourth drainage pipe is 4.8 meters, the width of the wall back of the retaining wall after the width of the fourth drainage pipe is less than 2 meters, the part is more than the wheel base of the road roller of 36 tons, the part can be rolled by the road roller of 36 tons, so that the backfill layer of the wall back of the retaining wall at the bottom of the fourth drainage pipe is within 2 meters of the wall back, a small rolling device is adopted to replace the operation mode of ramming the soil on the wall back layer by layers at the thickness of 25 centimeters, and the area beyond 2 meters is provided with the road roller of 36 tons. (fourth-order retaining wall volume 204.25m 3 It took 2 days. Backfilling square of the back of the fourth-step retaining wall 449.75m 3 Wherein a large-scale rolling equipment is adopted for backfilling and rolling the square measure of 131.35m 3 The backfill rolling square amount of the small-sized rolling equipment is 318.4m 3 It took 4.7 days. ) (ii) a
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, a fourth drainage pipe is installed and an anti-filter bag is filled. And after the construction of the first cabin wall body of the fifth-order soil retaining wall is finished, the wall body is connected in the same direction and enters the construction stage of the next cabin wall body of the fifth-order soil retaining wall, and the wall back backfilling and rolling operation is performed in the wall body finishing area of the fifth-order soil retaining wall, and so on. And backfilling and rolling the outer wall back of the fifth-stage soil retaining wall within a range of 2 meters from the wall back by adopting large-scale rolling equipment such as a 36-ton road roller to virtually lay the wall back at each layer by the thickness of 57.5 centimeters, wherein the compacted thickness is 50 centimeters. Within the range of 2m from the wall back, the operation mode of tamping the soil on the wall back layer by using small rolling equipment according to the thickness of 25 cm is adopted for replacement. (volume of the fifth wall 204.25m 3 It took 2 days. The back backfill amount of the fifth wall is 524.89m 3 Wherein, the backfilling and rolling square amount of 324.89m is carried out by adopting large-scale rolling equipment 3 And the backfilling and rolling square volume of the small-sized rolling equipment is 200m 3 It took 2.9 days. ) (ii) a
(6) And as shown in fig. 12 and 13, a fifth drainage pipe is installed and an anti-filter bag is filled. And (5) after the construction of the first cabin wall body of the sixth-order retaining wall is finished, sequentially entering (from the fifth drainage pipe to the designed wall top elevation area) the construction stage of the wall body of the retaining wall of the next cabin, backfilling and rolling the back of the wall in the finished area of the wall body of the sixth-order retaining wall, and the like. The backfill and rolling of the outer wall back within the range of 2 meters from the wall back of the sixth-order retaining wall adopts large-scale rolling equipmentFor example, a 36-ton road roller is used for backfilling and rolling the wall back with the compaction thickness of 50 cm by paving 57.5 cm on each layer of virtual wall. Within the range of 2m from the wall back, the operation mode of tamping the wall back soil layer by using small-sized rolling equipment according to the thickness of 25 cm is adopted for replacement. (the volume of the wall body between the fifth drainage pipe and the designed wall top elevation area is 338.25m 3 It took 2 days. The backfill square amount of the wall back between the fifth row of water drain pipes and the designed wall top elevation area is 1000.45m 3 Wherein, a large-scale rolling equipment is adopted for backfilling and rolling the square volume of 660.37m 3 And the backfill rolling square amount of the small-sized rolling equipment is 340.08m 3 It took 5 days. ) (ii) a
As shown in fig. 14, according to the construction schedule: the construction method of 'building the wall first and backfilling later' by adopting the existing retaining wall is adopted to construct the elevation inclined gravity retaining wall with the length of 100 meters and the height of 7.67 meters, and 26.4 working days are needed.
The prior art has the following defects:
1. as shown in FIG. 15, taking a section of a 100m long and 7.67 m high inclined gravity retaining wall as an example, the retaining wall back is backfilled and rolled with a large rolling device to reach 1116.61 m square 3 The backfilling and rolling square amount of the small-sized rolling equipment is 1726.35 m 3 . The backfill rolling rate of the large rolling equipment accounts for 39.28 percent. The large-scale equipment that rolls the rate of utilization is lower, and the efficiency of construction can't effectively promote, and it is long to backfill the operation time that rolls.
2. Although the construction mode of 'building the wall first and backfilling later' in the existing construction method can realize all continuous line production, the back of the retaining wall begins to be backfilled and rolled after the wall body of the retaining wall is completed, the working surface can be fully utilized, but the potential engineering quality hazard is generated due to the large difference of the operation efficiency among different work types. As shown in fig. 14, when the construction of the retaining wall in the twelfth workday is completely completed, the backfill and rolling operation progress of the wall back still stays at the position between the second water drain pipe and the third water drain pipe, the backfill and rolling operation progress of the wall back which always exists in the construction of the inclined gravity retaining wall has long working period and low efficiency, a series of problems of long exposure time of the wall back, backward tilting, deviation, slippage and the like of the wall back are not effectively solved, and the cost improvement and the construction period increase caused by the rectification and rework are directly caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of long construction period and high cost caused by a series of problems of long construction period of back backfilling and rolling, low efficiency, long exposure time of the back of the wall, backward tilting, deviation, slippage and the like in the construction process of the existing inclined gravity retaining wall, and provides the construction method of the inclined gravity retaining wall, which is scientific in construction process arrangement and beneficial to improving the construction efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a construction method of the inclined gravity retaining wall, the construction of the retaining wall foundation below the ground elevation adopts a construction mode of firstly building the wall and then backfilling, and the key point is that the construction stage of the retaining wall above the ground elevation is entered, the construction sequence is reversed, and a construction mode of firstly backfilling and then building the wall is adopted.
The invention skillfully combines the characteristics of the structural design of the inclined gravity retaining wall, and adopts the construction mode of 'firstly building the wall and then backfilling' in the existing construction method for the foundation construction of the retaining wall. The method comprises the following steps of entering a retaining wall body construction stage, reversing the construction sequence, replacing the construction mode of 'firstly backfilling and secondly backfilling' in the existing construction method with the construction mode of 'firstly backfilling and secondly backfilling' in the improved construction method, and reversing the sequence of two working procedures of building a gravity type retaining wall and backfilling wall back soil, wherein the problem that the construction of the same retaining wall layer beside the backfilling wall back soil is extruded and displaced due to the fact that large-scale rolling equipment is adopted for backfilling and rolling is solved through reasonable conversion of the working procedures in sequence, application of the large-scale rolling equipment in backfilling wall back construction is enlarged, the backfilling wall back soil formed by rolling is always higher than a gravity type retaining wall construction layer in the construction process and plays a role similar to an engineering template, so that the retaining wall is fixed, the problem that a series of problems of backward tilting, deviation and slippage and the like caused by long backfilling working period of the wall back and low efficiency and long exposure time of the wall back soil are avoided in the construction process, and construction cost and construction period are effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the position and linear precision control of the retaining wall body are guaranteed, one-step forming is guaranteed, and the working efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: in the construction stage of the inclined gravity retaining wall body above the ground elevation, after backfilling and rolling of the wall back of each layer are completed, construction of the inclined gravity retaining wall body of each layer is completed, and in the construction process, the rolling layer of the wall back is at least one step higher than that of the inclined gravity retaining wall body construction layer.
In the construction process, the height of the gravity type retaining wall construction layer is different from that of the wall back rolling layer, and the height of the wall back rolling layer is more than or equal to that of the first-order gravity type retaining wall than that of the gravity type retaining wall, for example, the height of the first-order gravity type retaining wall is 1 meter, and the height of the wall back is not less than 1 meter than that of the gravity type retaining wall. For example, the height of the first-order gravity type retaining wall is 1.7 meters, and the height of the wall back is not less than 1.7 meters compared with the height of the gravity type retaining wall.
When the rolling layer height of the wall back is asynchronous with the height added by the retaining wall, the rolling layer height is increased by continuous two-layer rolling or even multi-layer rolling so that the rolling layer is at least one-step higher than the construction layer of the inclined gravity retaining wall.
And ensuring that the wall back backfilling soil of the gravity type retaining wall is backfilled and rolled and formed in the last construction stage. In actual construction, the height of backfill of a wall back (each compaction thickness is 0.5 m by adopting a large rolling machine and each compaction thickness is 0.25 m by adopting a small rolling machine) is different from the height of a gravity type retaining wall (each step is 1 m), and the height difference between a rolling layer and the gravity type retaining wall is between 1 and 2 steps, namely 2 steps are more than H (the rolling layer) -H (the retaining wall) is more than or equal to 1 step.
The concrete construction process comprises the following steps:
(1) Measuring and paying off, excavating a foundation, treating the foundation, constructing a broken stone cushion layer, a concrete cushion layer and a retaining wall foundation in sequence;
(2) The retaining wall below the ground elevation is a first-order retaining wall, the backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the first-order retaining wall adopt a construction sequence of 'building the wall first and backfilling later', when the first-bin retaining wall foundation is finished and is sequentially connected to enter the construction stage of the next-bin retaining wall foundation, a small rolling device is adopted to return to the finished area of the retaining wall foundation, the wall back of the retaining wall foundation is timely backfilled layer by layer according to the thickness of every 25 centimeters and is rolled to the bottom of the lowest-row water drain pipe, and the rest is repeated, so that the first-order retaining wall is formed between the upper row of water drain pipes and the lower row of water drain pipes;
(3) Firstly, installing the drain pipe in the bottom row and filling an inverted filter bag. The construction of the retaining wall above the ground elevation adopts the construction sequence of 'backfilling first and then building the wall', after the backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the retaining wall in the first bin of the retaining wall in the second step are completed, the retaining wall in the next bin of the retaining wall is sequentially connected to enter the backfilling and rolling construction stage of the wall back of the retaining wall in the second step, meanwhile, a wall body of the retaining wall in the second step is constructed in a backfilling and rolling completion area of the wall back of the retaining wall in the second step, and the like, wherein the backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the retaining wall in the second step adopt small-sized rolling equipment to backfill and roll the wall back of the retaining wall in layers according to the thickness of every 25 centimeters;
(4) Installing a second drainage water pipe, filling a reverse filter bag, performing backfill rolling on the wall back of the first-cabin retaining wall of the third-order retaining wall, entering a backfill rolling construction stage of the wall back of the next cabin of the third-order retaining wall, constructing a wall body of the third-order retaining wall in a backfill rolling completion area of the wall back of the third-order retaining wall, and repeating the steps, wherein the backfill rolling width of the wall back is increased, when the width meets the working width of a 36-ton road roller, the backfill rolling of the wall back of the third-order retaining wall adopts a 36-ton road roller according to the virtual pavement thickness of every 57.6 centimeters, the compaction thickness is 50 centimeters, and the backfill rolling is performed in a layered mode that large rolling equipment at the edge of backfill soil cannot be rolled, adopts small rolling equipment to tamp the backfill soil at the layered pavement thickness of every 25 centimeters;
(5) Installing a third drainage pipe, filling a reverse filter bag, after the backfilling and rolling of the first cabin wall back of the fourth-order retaining wall are finished, sequentially entering a next cabin wall back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the fourth-order retaining wall, constructing a fourth-order retaining wall body in a backfilling and rolling finished area of the fourth-order retaining wall back, and so on, wherein the backfilling and rolling of the fourth-order retaining wall back adopts a 36-ton road roller to perform virtual paving thickness per 57.6 centimeters, the compaction thickness is 50 centimeters, and the wall back is backfilled and rolled layer by layer, and a small rolling device is adopted to perform construction in an operation mode that large rolling devices at the edge of backfill soil cannot roll the wall back by layer according to the thickness of 25 centimeters;
(6) Installing a fourth row of water drain pipes, filling a reverse filter bag, performing back backfilling and rolling on the wall back of the first-bin retaining wall of the fifth-level retaining wall, entering a back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the wall back of the next bin of the fifth-level retaining wall, constructing a wall body of the fifth-level retaining wall in a back backfilling and rolling completion area of the wall back of the fifth-level retaining wall, and repeating the steps, wherein the back backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the fifth-level retaining wall adopts a 36-ton road roller to pave the wall back at a virtual thickness of every 57.6 centimeters and 50 centimeters in compacted thickness for layered backfilling and rolling, and a small rolling device is adopted to tamp the back of the wall back at a backfill edge of the backfill soil in a layered operation mode of tamping the large rolling device at every 25 centimeters in thickness;
(7) Installing a fifth row of water drain pipes, filling a reverse filter bag, entering a next cabin wall back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the sixth-order soil retaining wall after the first cabin retaining wall back backfilling and rolling of the sixth-order soil retaining wall is sequentially connected, constructing a sixth-order soil retaining wall body in a backfilling and rolling completion area of the sixth-order soil retaining wall back, and analogizing in sequence, wherein a 36-ton road roller is adopted for backfilling and rolling the sixth-order soil retaining wall back, according to the designed backfilling height, a 57.6 cm virtual paving thickness, a compacted thickness of 50 cm and an 80 cm virtual paving thickness are adopted, the compacted thickness is 70 cm combined, and the land is backfilled and rolled to the designed wall top elevation in layers, and a small rolling device is adopted for constructing the land where the large rolling device at the edge of the backfilling soil cannot roll in an operation mode of ramming the wall back backfilling in layers every 25 cm thickness layer by layer.
The concrete construction method of the improved process comprises the following steps: semi-reverse construction method for steps
(1) The step means: and after backfilling and rolling the soil on the back of each two or more layers of walls, finishing the construction of the first-order retaining wall. In the construction process of the wall body of the retaining wall, the backfill and rolling layers of the wall back are always higher than the construction layers of the wall body of the retaining wall by one step;
(2) The semi-reverse approach means: the foundation construction of the retaining wall below the ground elevation adopts the construction mode of 'firstly building the wall and then backfilling' in the existing construction method. And (3) at the construction stage of the retaining wall body above the ground elevation, reversing the construction sequence, and replacing the construction mode of firstly building the wall and then backfilling in the conventional construction method by adopting the construction mode of firstly backfilling and then building the wall in the improved construction method.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. as shown in FIG. 16, for example, a section of a declined gravity retaining wall with a length of 100 meters and a height of 7.67 meters is used, the back of the retaining wall is backfilled and rolled by a large rolling device to obtain 1857.61m 3 The backfilling and rolling square amount of the small-sized rolling equipment is 985.35m 3 . The backfill rolling rate of the large-scale rolling equipment accounts for 65.34 percent. The utilization rate of large-scale rolling equipment is remarkably improved, the construction efficiency is effectively improved, and the backfilling and rolling operation time is shortened;
2. as shown in figure 25, through reasonably adjusting the construction sequence, the backfill and rolling of the large rolling machine not only avoids the influence of large impact on the wall body, but also effectively improves the backfill construction efficiency of the wall back and compresses the backfill operation time of the wall back, and after the backfill and rolling construction of the wall back of the retaining wall in the sixteenth working day is completely completed, the construction of the retaining wall in the seventeenth working day is also completely completed, thereby fully playing the construction efficacy of the 36-ton road roller, ensuring the tight buckling connection between the backfill and wall building processes and realizing the cycle order. The construction working surface is scientifically utilized, the construction period is shortened, specialized production is realized, the wall back backfilling and rolling period which always exists in the construction of the elevation type gravity retaining wall is long, the efficiency is low, a series of problems of long wall back exposure time, backward tilting, deviation, slippage and the like are effectively solved, and the improvement of the engineering quality and the labor efficiency is facilitated. In addition, the working procedures can be overlapped to the maximum extent, so that the daily resource investment is relatively balanced, and favorable conditions are provided for field civilized construction and scientific management and manufacture.
3. The flexibility and the adaptability of the structural design are enhanced. According to the construction experience, the slope rate of the breast slope of the wall surface and the back slope of the wall back of the upward-inclined gravity retaining wall is generally selected from 1:0.2-1:0.3, the more gradual the slope of the back of the upward-inclined gravity retaining wall, the smaller the active soil pressure, and the higher the safety of the finished wall structure. However, the construction difficulty is increased, and the stability of the wall structure itself is reduced during the construction process (when the inclined gravity retaining wall is constructed by adopting the construction mode of 'firstly building the wall and then backfilling', the more gradual the back slope of the retaining wall, the more the speed of the wall body tilting backwards, deviating and sliding is increased). The construction mode of 'backfilling first and then building a wall' is adopted to well solve the difficulties.
If the retaining wall is a project needing excavation when being built, the elevation type gravity retaining wall can comprehensively meet a series of factors such as construction period requirements, geological conditions, weather conditions, structural safety and economy, moderately adjust the slope of the wall back, effectively combine with the excavated temporary slope, reduce the backfill earthwork amount of the wall back and the backfill time of the wall back in the construction process, and effectively solve a series of problems of wall body backward tilting, deviation, slippage and the like caused by long backfill and rolling construction period of the wall back soil, low efficiency of construction machines and tools and long exposure time of the wall back in the existing construction method of the gravity retaining wall. The construction mode of 'backfilling before and then wall' can be adopted to solve the problem of construction potential safety hazards caused by narrow wall back space possibly existing in the construction mode of 'backfilling before and after' and increase the operation comfort level of wall back backfilling and rolling operators.
If the retaining wall back of the wall is a filling project, the construction mode of 'backfilling before and then building the wall' can thoroughly solve the problem of potential quality hazards of backfilling near the back of the inclined gravity retaining wall, and further broadens the application range of the inclined gravity retaining wall.
4. And the turnover material investment is reduced. Compared with the construction mode of 'firstly building a wall and then backfilling' of the existing retaining wall, the construction mode of 'firstly backfilling and then building the wall' saves the work of installing a template on the wall back of the retaining wall when the part of the body of the retaining wall is constructed (the height from the lowest row of the water drain pipe to the designed wall top), and the input amount of the template, the steel pipe and the square timber is 1/2 of that of the existing process. The manual operation amount is reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated.
5. And (5) compressing the construction period. Taking a section of the inclined gravity retaining wall with the length of 100 meters and the height of 7.67 meters as an example, 26.4 working days are needed by adopting a construction mode of building the wall first and backfilling the wall later. The construction mode of 'backfilling before wall building' needs 17 working days, and 9.4 working days are saved.
6. See fig. 26, to save costs. Taking a section of oblique gravity retaining wall with the length of 100 meters and the height of 7.67 meters as an example, through the cost comparison of the two, the 'backfilling first and lapping the wall later' promote the cost investment to save 69434.67 yuan/(the length of 100 meters, the height of 7.67 meters and the volume of a dock worker 1567 m) 3 ) The inclined gravity retaining wall effectively controls the cost and improves the profit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a big picture of a formula gravity retaining wall that leans upward
FIG. 2 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: construction of retaining wall foundation below ground elevation (first step)
FIG. 3 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: first-order retaining wall foundation wall back backfilling
FIG. 4 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: second-order retaining wall body construction
FIG. 5 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: backfilling of wall back of second-step retaining wall
FIG. 6 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: third-order retaining wall body construction
FIG. 7 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: third-order retaining wall back of wall backfills
FIG. 8 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: fourth step retaining wall body construction
Fig. 9 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: backfilling of wall back of retaining wall of fourth step
Fig. 10 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: fifth-order retaining wall construction
Fig. 11 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: fifth-order retaining wall back backfilling
FIG. 12 is a process diagram of a conventional method: construction of retaining wall to wall top
Fig. 13 is a process diagram of a conventional construction method: backfilling the wall back to the wall top
FIG. 14 shows a schedule of constructing a 100m long and 7.67 m high elevation slope type gravity retaining wall by the conventional construction method of building the wall first and backfilling later
Fig. 15 conventional method: rolling area of large machine
FIG. 16 invention: large-scale machines rolling area
FIG. 17 is a process diagram of the present invention: retaining wall foundation below ground level
FIG. 18 is a process diagram of the present invention: first-order retaining wall foundation wall back backfilling
FIG. 19 is a process diagram of the present invention: backfilling of wall backs from bottom areas of first row of water drain pipes to second row of water drain pipes
FIG. 20 is a process diagram of the present invention: the retaining wall is constructed to the bottom of the second drainage and drainage pipe, the wall back is backfilled to the bottom of the third drainage and drainage pipe, and the operations are simultaneously carried out
FIG. 21 is a process diagram of the present invention: the construction of the retaining wall to the bottom of the third drainage pipe and the backfilling of the wall back to the bottom of the fourth drainage pipe are simultaneously operated
FIG. 22 is a process diagram of the present invention: the construction of the retaining wall to the bottom of the fourth drainage and drainage pipe and the backfilling of the wall back to the bottom of the fifth drainage and drainage pipe are simultaneously operated
FIG. 23 is a process diagram of the present invention: the construction of the retaining wall is carried out until the bottom of the fifth drainage pipe and the backfilling of the wall back is carried out until the wall top
FIG. 24 is a process diagram of the present invention: construction of retaining wall to wall top
FIG. 25 is a table showing the construction schedule of the inclined gravity retaining wall of 100 meters long and 7.67 meters high according to the present invention
FIG. 26 is a comparison of the cost input of the present invention and the conventional construction method
Wherein: the water drain pipe 1, the reverse filter bag 2, the retaining wall foundation 3, the retaining wall body 4, the retaining wall back 5, the small rolling machine 6 and the road roller 7.36 tons.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, which illustrate examples that will enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the invention, but which are not intended to limit the invention in any way
See FIG. 1 for definitions: the inclined gravity retaining wall foundation and the wall body are arranged in the inclined mode, the lower portion of the lowest row of drain pipes is the inclined gravity retaining wall foundation, and the upper portion of the lowest row of drain pipes is the inclined gravity retaining wall body.
A construction method of a declined gravity retaining wall is characterized in that a construction mode of 'firstly building a wall and then backfilling' in the existing construction method is adopted for foundation construction of the retaining wall below a ground elevation, a construction stage of the retaining wall above the ground elevation is entered, the construction sequence is reversed, and a construction mode of 'firstly backfilling and then building the wall' is adopted.
In the construction stage of the inclined gravity retaining wall body above the ground elevation, after each layer of wall back is backfilled and rolled, the construction of the inclined gravity retaining wall body is completed next, and in the construction process, the rolled layer of the wall back is at least higher than the construction layer of the inclined gravity retaining wall body by one step.
In the construction process, the height of the gravity type retaining wall construction layer is different from that of the wall back rolling layer, and the height of the wall back rolling layer is more than or equal to that of the first-order gravity type retaining wall than that of the gravity type retaining wall, for example, the height of the first-order gravity type retaining wall is 1 meter, and the height of the wall back is not less than 1 meter than that of the gravity type retaining wall. If the height of the first-order gravity type retaining wall is 1.7 m, the height of the wall back is not less than 1.7 m than that of the gravity type retaining wall.
When the rolling layer height of the wall back is asynchronous with the height increased by the retaining wall body, the rolling layer height is increased by continuous two-layer rolling or even multi-layer rolling so that the rolling layer is at least higher than the construction layer of the inclined gravity retaining wall body by one step.
And ensuring that the wall back backfill of the gravity type retaining wall is backfilled and rolled and formed in the last construction stage. In actual construction, the height of backfill of a wall back (each layer is compacted by a large rolling machine with the thickness of 0.5 meter and the top of the wall is compacted by 0.7 meter, each layer is compacted by a small rolling machine with the thickness of 0.25 meter) is different from the height of a gravity type retaining wall (each step is 1 meter), and the height difference between the rolled layer and the gravity type retaining wall is between 1 and 2 steps, namely 2 steps are more than H (rolled layer) -H (retaining wall) and more than or equal to 1 step.
As shown in fig. 1, a section of the retaining wall with the length of 100 meters, the height of 7.67 meters, the thickness of the retaining wall of 2 meters and the elevation angle of 1:0.25 oblique gravity retaining wall, the size of each linear meter of dock work is 15.67m 3 The construction method of the invention is described in detail by taking/m as an example:
as shown in fig. 17-24, the specific construction process is as follows:
(1) Measuring and paying off, excavating foundation, treating foundation, constructing gravel cushion, concrete cushion and retaining wall foundation in sequence (the total thickness of the retaining wall foundation is 411.75 m) 3 2 days, required) as in the prior art;
(2) In order to improve the unfavorable condition that the stress of the foundation is too concentrated, the design can widen the retaining wall foundation 3 to diffuse the stress of the foundation. Therefore, the wall back of the retaining wall foundation is generally in a downward inclined type or a vertical type, the retaining wall below the ground elevation is a first-stage retaining wall, the wall back of the first-stage retaining wall is backfilled and rolled by adopting the construction sequence of 'firstly building the wall and then backfilling' in the existing construction method, after the retaining wall foundation in a first bin is completely and sequentially connected, the retaining wall foundation in a next bin enters the construction stage of the retaining wall foundation, a small-sized rolling device is adopted to return to the finishing area of the retaining wall foundation, the wall back of the retaining wall foundation is timely backfilled layer by layer according to the thickness of every 25 centimeters and is rolled to the bottom of the water drain pipe in the lowest row, and so on, the first-stage retaining wall is arranged between the upper row of water drain pipes and the lower row of water drain pipes, (the first-stage retaining wall is formed by layer-by layer filling and rolling to the bottom of the water drain pipes in every 25 centimeters in sequence, and so on248.07m back filling of foundation wall back of retaining wall 3 3.7 days required);
(3) Firstly, a drain pipe 1 in the lowest row and an inverted filter bag 2 are filled. The construction of the retaining wall above the ground elevation adopts the construction sequence of 'backfilling first and then building the wall' in an improved construction method, after the backfilling and rolling of the wall back 5 of the retaining wall in the first bin of the second-step are completed, the retaining wall back in the next bin of the second-step enters the backfilling and rolling construction stage of the retaining wall back in the next bin of the second-step, meanwhile, the wall body 4 of the second-step retaining wall is constructed in the backfilling and rolling completion area of the wall back of the second-step retaining wall, and the like, at the moment, the width of the wall back is smaller than the working width of a 36-ton road roller, and the backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the second-step retaining wall adopts small-sized rolling equipment to layer by layer and roll the wall back according to the thickness of every 25 centimeters; (second step retaining wall volume 204.25m 3 It took 2 days. Second-stage retaining wall back backfill square amount 267.28m 3 It took 3.9 days. )
(4) Installing a second drainage water pipe, filling a reverse filter bag, performing backfill rolling on the wall back of the first-cabin retaining wall of the third-order retaining wall, entering a backfill rolling construction stage of the wall back of the next cabin of the third-order retaining wall, constructing a wall body of the third-order retaining wall in a backfill rolling completion area of the wall back of the third-order retaining wall, and repeating the steps, wherein the backfill rolling width of the wall back is increased, when the width meets the working width of a 36-ton road roller 7, the backfill rolling of the wall back of the third-order retaining wall adopts a 36-ton road roller according to a virtual paving thickness of every 57.6 centimeters, the backfill rolling with a compaction thickness of 50 centimeters is performed in layers, and the construction is performed in a mode that a small rolling device 6 is adopted to tamp the backfill soil of every 25 centimeters in layers in the rolling device at the backfill soil edge; (third step retaining wall body volume 204.25m 3 It took 2 days. Back filling volume of third-order retaining wall back is 352.52m 3 Wherein a small-sized rolling device is adopted to backfill and roll the square amount of 100m 3 And the backfilling rolling square of the large rolling equipment is 252.52m 3 It took 1.5 days in total. )
(5) Installing a third drainage pipe, filling a reverse filter bag, and sequentially connecting the first chamber wall and the next chamber wall of the fourth-order retaining wall after the back of the first chamber wall of the fourth-order retaining wall is backfilled and rolledBack backfilling and rolling construction, constructing a fourth-order retaining wall body in a backfilling and rolling completion area of the wall back of the fourth-order retaining wall, and the like, wherein the backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the fourth-order retaining wall adopts a 36-ton road roller to fill and roll the wall back at a virtual paving thickness of 57.6 centimeters, the compaction thickness is 50 centimeters, and the wall back is backfilled and rolled layer by layer, and a small rolling device is adopted to tamp the backfill soil of the wall back at the backfill soil edge in a layer by layer mode at a thickness of 25 centimeters in a large rolling device; the volume of the wall body of the retaining wall of the fourth step (between the third drainage pipe and the fourth drainage pipe) is 204.25m 3 It took 2 days. Backfilling square of wall back of retaining wall of fourth order 449.75m 3 Wherein a small-sized rolling device is adopted for backfilling and rolling the square with the volume of 100m 3 And the backfill rolling square amount of the large-scale rolling equipment is 349.75m 3 It took 1.5 days in total.
(6) Installing a fourth row of water drain pipes, filling a reverse filter bag, performing back backfilling and rolling on the wall back of the first-bin retaining wall of the fifth-level retaining wall, entering a back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the wall back of the next bin of the fifth-level retaining wall, constructing a wall body of the fifth-level retaining wall in a back backfilling and rolling completion area of the wall back of the fifth-level retaining wall, and repeating the steps, wherein the back backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the fifth-level retaining wall adopts a 36-ton road roller to pave the wall back at a virtual thickness of every 57.6 centimeters and 50 centimeters in compacted thickness for layered backfilling and rolling, and a small rolling device is adopted to tamp the back of the wall back at a backfill edge of the backfill soil in a layered operation mode of tamping the large rolling device at every 25 centimeters in thickness; the volume of the wall between the fourth drainage pipe and the fifth drainage pipe is 204.25m3, and the time is 2 days. Backfill square of the back of the fifth-order retaining wall of 524.89m 3 Wherein a small-sized rolling device is adopted to backfill and roll the square amount of 100m 3 Backfilling and rolling square amount 424.89m of large-scale rolling equipment 3 It took 1.5 days in total.
(7) Installing a fifth row of water drain pipes, filling a reverse filter bag, entering a next cabin wall back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the sixth-order soil retaining wall after the first cabin wall back backfilling and rolling of the sixth-order soil retaining wall is sequentially connected, constructing a sixth-order soil retaining wall body in a backfill and rolling completion area of the sixth-order soil retaining wall back, analogizing in sequence, adopting a 36-ton road roller for backfilling and rolling the sixth-order soil retaining wall back, and adopting a virtual paving thickness of 57.6 centimeters according to the designed backfilling heightThe compaction thickness is 50 cm, the virtual pavement thickness is 80 cm, the compaction thickness is 70 cm, the combination is carried out, backfilling is carried out in a layering mode, rolling is carried out until the designed wall top elevation is reached, and the small-sized rolling equipment is adopted to carry out construction according to the operation mode that the back backfill soil of the wall is compacted in a layering mode every 25 cm in the area where the large-sized rolling equipment cannot carry out rolling at the backfill soil edge. The volume of the wall body between the fifth drainage pipe and the designed wall top area is 338.25m 3 It took 2 days. The backfill volume of the back of the sixth-order retaining wall (between the fifth row of water drain pipes and the designed wall top area) is 1000.45m 3 Wherein, a small-sized rolling device is adopted for backfilling and rolling the square volume of 170m 3 And the backfill rolling square amount of the large-scale rolling equipment is 830.45m 3 It took 1.5 days.
As shown in fig. 25, according to the construction schedule: the construction mode of 'backfilling before and then wall building' of the invention needs 17 working days, and 9.4 working days are saved compared with the construction mode of 'wall building before and then backfilling'.
As shown in fig. 26, the cost investment comparison table of the conventional construction method and the present invention shows that the cost of the conventional construction method is 200733.91 yuan, while the cost of the present invention is only 131299.24 yuan, which saves about 7 ten thousand yuan.
Therefore, the invention is a good method for saving time and money. The rest parts which are not described are the same as the prior art.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications and equivalents made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A construction method of an inclined gravity retaining wall adopts a construction mode of firstly building the wall and then backfilling the wall for foundation construction of the retaining wall below ground elevation, and is characterized in that the construction method of firstly backfilling and then building the wall is adopted in the construction stage of the retaining wall above ground elevation, the construction sequence is reversed, and the construction mode of firstly backfilling and then building the wall is adopted.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the wall body of the inclined gravity retaining wall is performed after backfilling and rolling the wall back of each layer, wherein the rolled layer of the wall back is at least one step higher than the construction layer of the wall body of the inclined gravity retaining wall.
3. A method of constructing a tilt-up gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the height of the rolled layer of the back of the wall is out of sync with the increased height of the retaining wall body, the height of the rolled layer is increased by two or more successive layers of rolling so that the rolled layer is at least one step higher than the construction layer of the tilt-up gravity retaining wall body.
4. A method of constructing an inclined gravity retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the construction process comprises:
(1) Measuring and paying off, excavating a foundation, treating the foundation, constructing a broken stone cushion layer, a concrete cushion layer and a retaining wall foundation in sequence;
(2) The retaining wall below the ground elevation is a first-step retaining wall, namely a retaining wall foundation.
5. The first-step retaining wall back backfilling and rolling adopt a construction sequence of 'first wall building and then backfilling', when a first-bin retaining wall foundation is finished and is sequentially connected to enter a next-bin retaining wall foundation construction stage, a small rolling device is adopted to return to a retaining wall foundation completion area, the wall back is timely backfilled layer by layer according to the thickness of 25 centimeters at each time and is rolled to the bottom of the lowest row of water drainage pipes, and the rest is done in sequence, so that a first-step retaining wall is formed between the upper row of water drainage pipes and the lower row of water drainage pipes;
(3) Firstly, installing the lowest row of water drain pipes and filling a reverse filter bag, wherein the construction of the retaining wall above the ground elevation adopts the construction sequence of firstly refilling and then building the wall, after the wall back of the first-cabin retaining wall of the second-stage retaining wall is refilled and rolled, the wall back of the retaining wall in the next cabin of the second-stage retaining wall is sequentially connected to enter the construction stage of refilling and rolling the wall back of the second-stage retaining wall, meanwhile, a wall body of the second-stage retaining wall is constructed in the area where the wall back of the second-stage retaining wall is refilled and rolled, and so on, and the wall back of the second-stage retaining wall is refilled and rolled by small-sized rolling equipment according to the thickness of every 25 centimeters;
(4) Installing a second drainage water pipe, filling a reverse filter bag, performing backfill rolling on the wall back of the first-cabin retaining wall of the third-order retaining wall, entering a backfill rolling construction stage of the wall back of the next cabin of the third-order retaining wall, constructing a wall body of the third-order retaining wall in a backfill rolling completion area of the wall back of the third-order retaining wall, and repeating the steps, wherein the backfill rolling width of the wall back is increased, when the width meets the working width of a 36-ton road roller, the backfill rolling of the wall back of the third-order retaining wall adopts a 36-ton road roller according to the virtual pavement thickness of every 57.6 centimeters, the compaction thickness is 50 centimeters, and the backfill rolling is performed in a layered mode that large rolling equipment at the edge of backfill soil cannot be rolled, adopts small rolling equipment to tamp the backfill soil at the layered pavement thickness of every 25 centimeters;
(5) Installing a third drainage pipe, filling a reverse filter bag, after the backfilling and rolling of the first cabin wall back of the fourth-order retaining wall are finished, sequentially entering a next cabin wall back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the fourth-order retaining wall, constructing a fourth-order retaining wall body in a backfilling and rolling finished area of the fourth-order retaining wall back, and so on, wherein the backfilling and rolling of the fourth-order retaining wall back adopts a 36-ton road roller to perform virtual paving thickness per 57.6 centimeters, the compaction thickness is 50 centimeters, and the wall back is backfilled and rolled layer by layer, and a small rolling device is adopted to perform construction in an operation mode that large rolling devices at the edge of backfill soil cannot roll the wall back by layer according to the thickness of 25 centimeters;
(6) Installing a fourth row of water drain pipes, filling a reverse filter bag, performing back backfilling and rolling on the wall back of the first-bin retaining wall of the fifth-level retaining wall, entering a back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the wall back of the next bin of the fifth-level retaining wall, constructing a wall body of the fifth-level retaining wall in a back backfilling and rolling completion area of the wall back of the fifth-level retaining wall, and repeating the steps, wherein the back backfilling and rolling of the wall back of the fifth-level retaining wall adopts a 36-ton road roller to pave the wall back at a virtual thickness of every 57.6 centimeters and 50 centimeters in compacted thickness for layered backfilling and rolling, and a small rolling device is adopted to tamp the back of the wall back at a backfill edge of the backfill soil in a layered operation mode of tamping the large rolling device at every 25 centimeters in thickness;
(7) Installing a fifth row of water drain pipes, filling a reverse filter bag, entering a next cabin wall back backfilling and rolling construction stage of the sixth-order soil retaining wall after the first cabin retaining wall back backfilling and rolling of the sixth-order soil retaining wall is sequentially connected, constructing a sixth-order soil retaining wall body in a backfilling and rolling completion area of the sixth-order soil retaining wall back, and analogizing in sequence, wherein a 36-ton road roller is adopted for backfilling and rolling the sixth-order soil retaining wall back, according to the designed backfilling height, a 57.6 cm virtual paving thickness, a compacted thickness of 50 cm and an 80 cm virtual paving thickness are adopted, the compacted thickness is 70 cm combined, and the land is backfilled and rolled to the designed wall top elevation in layers, and a small rolling device is adopted for constructing the land where the large rolling device at the edge of the backfilling soil cannot roll in an operation mode of ramming the wall back backfilling in layers every 25 cm thickness layer by layer.
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| CN116289922A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-23 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slope backfill compaction constraint device and method |
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| CN114575375A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-06-03 | 中铁五局集团机械化工程有限责任公司 | Gravity type retaining wall construction method and gravity type retaining wall |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115853013A (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-03-28 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Assembled retaining wall structure |
| CN116289922A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-23 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slope backfill compaction constraint device and method |
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