CN115008065B - Flux-cored wire for high entropy of titanium-steel weld joint and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Flux-cored wire for high entropy of titanium-steel weld joint and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115008065B
CN115008065B CN202210559965.9A CN202210559965A CN115008065B CN 115008065 B CN115008065 B CN 115008065B CN 202210559965 A CN202210559965 A CN 202210559965A CN 115008065 B CN115008065 B CN 115008065B
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powder
titanium
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cored wire
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CN115008065A (en
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李红
姚永生
栗卓新
李国栋
王义朋
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/325—Ti as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3046—Co as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A flux-cored wire for high entropy of titanium-steel weld and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of welding. Comprises a drug core and a sheath; the drug core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of titanium powder, 10-50% of iron powder, 10-50% of niobium powder and 10-30% of molybdenum powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the sheath is Ni-Cr-Co nickel-based alloy belt, and the main components are as follows: 27-33% of Co, 26-30% of Cr, 2.5-3.5% of Fe and the balance of Ni; the coating rate of the drug core is 15%. And (3) performing titanium-steel dissimilar metal fusion welding, wherein the chemical components of the weld metal are in the principal component range of the high-entropy alloy, and the structural structure of the weld tends to form a simple BCC+FCC solid solution phase, so that the high entropy of the weld is realized, and a high-quality titanium-steel welding joint is easy to obtain.

Description

Flux-cored wire for high entropy of titanium-steel weld joint and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and relates to a flux-cored wire for high entropy of a titanium-steel weld joint and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Titanium and titanium alloy have high toughness, high specific strength, excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and other excellent characteristics, and are widely applied to the fields of aerospace, medical treatment, ships, electric power, automobile manufacturing and the like. But it is expensive, and has poor welding and processing properties, which makes it difficult to meet industrial production requirements. The stainless steel is used as a common structural material, has excellent weldability, wear resistance and mechanical property, and has relatively low processing cost. The titanium-stainless steel dissimilar metal composite structure is prepared by a welding method through stainless steel with good weldability and titanium alloy with excellent corrosion resistance, so that the complementation of the advantages of the two materials in performance is realized, the cost is low, and the titanium-stainless steel dissimilar metal composite structure is widely applied to industries such as aerospace, ocean engineering, petrochemical industry, power industry and the like.
However, titanium-steel has great difficulty in welding due to its large difference in physical and chemical properties. In physical properties, the difference of melting points causes the iron melted first to infiltrate into the grain boundary of the overheat zone of the unmelted base metal, so that the alloy element burns outThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The thermal expansion coefficient and the thermal conductivity of titanium and steel are greatly different, so that the joint is subjected to residual stress and deformation during cooling, and cracks are generated; titanium absorbs gas at high temperature, and has defects such as air holes. Chemically, titanium-steel tends to produce a large amount of brittle intermetallic compounds (TiFe 2 TiFe, tiC, etc.). These problems result in lower strength titanium-steel joints. At present, the production of the titanium-steel composite member adopts methods such as brazing, diffusion welding, friction welding, explosion welding and the like, but the methods are limited by single joint form and low production efficiency, so that the further popularization and application of the titanium-steel dissimilar metal composite structure are further restricted. And the fusion welding can realize the high-efficiency connection of the titanium-steel dissimilar materials, and has the characteristics of high processing efficiency and flexible process.
Numerous studies have shown that the choice of interlayer metal is critical for achieving titanium-steel fusion welding, whereas in many reported interlayer materials, the dissimilar metal joint structure of titanium-steel obtained with high-entropy alloys mainly consists of bcc+fcc solid solution phases, and the joint achieves reliable metallurgical bonding. The high entropy effect of the high entropy alloy is utilized to inhibit the titanium-steel from forming brittle intermetallic compounds, and the welding seam tends to form a simple BCC+FCC solid solution phase, so that the toughness and the bonding strength of the welding seam are improved, and a brand new technical idea is provided for realizing high-performance fusion welding of the titanium-steel.
In the prior art, the high-entropy alloy filling material is prepared by ball milling, vacuum arc melting and other processes in advance, then the element contact is reduced by utilizing the diffusion hysteresis effect of the high-entropy alloy, and the generation of intermetallic compounds is inhibited by utilizing the high-entropy effect, so that the performance of a welding seam is improved, but the preparation cost of the high-entropy alloy is high, the process is complex, and the components are not easy to change to realize the transition of alloy elements. Therefore, the flux-cored wire based on the high entropy of the titanium-steel welding seam is designed, so that high entropy alloy is formed at the welding seam, the high entropy effect is exerted, the interface intermetallic compound is effectively inhibited, the process is simple, the cost is low, the components of the welding wire can be changed by changing the proportion of the powder, and the flux-cored wire has the characteristic of flexible manufacturing. The method has remarkable significance for solving the welding problem of the titanium-steel dissimilar materials, reducing the preparation cost and expanding the welding application range of the high-entropy alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention organically combines the high-entropy alloy technology and the flux-cored wire technology to obtain the flux-cored wire based on the high entropy of the welding line and the preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the welding joint strength is lower due to the fact that a large amount of brittle intermetallic compounds are easy to form in the welding line when titanium and stainless steel are directly welded in the prior art. The welding seam high entropy flux-cored wire is used for carrying out titanium-steel dissimilar metal fusion welding (an automatic welding method such as TIG, MIG, CMT or laser welding can be adopted), the chemical components of the welding seam metal are in the principal component range of the high entropy alloy, the structural organization of the welding seam tends to form a simple BCC+FCC solid solution phase, the high entropy of the welding seam is realized, and a high-quality titanium-steel welding joint is easy to obtain.
Another object of the present invention is to make the high entropy welding material into flux-cored wire for automatic welding, to improve the welding efficiency of titanium-steel dissimilar metals and to reduce the cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the welding seam high entropy flux-cored wire for titanium-steel welding comprises a flux core and a sheath.
The drug core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of titanium powder, 10-50% of iron powder, 10-50% of niobium powder and 10-30% of molybdenum powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the sheath is Ni-Cr-Co nickel-based alloy belt, and the main components are as follows: 27-33% of Co, 26-30% of Cr, 2.5-3.5% of Fe and the balance of Ni. The coating rate of the drug core is 15%.
Preferably, a drug core component consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of Ti, 20% of Fe, 40% of Nb, 30% of Mo and 100% of sum of mass percentages.
Preferably, a drug core component consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of Ti, 30% of Fe, 30% of Nb, 20% of Mo and 100% of sum of mass percentages.
Preferably, a drug core component consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of Ti, 40% of Fe, 20% of Nb, 20% of Mo and 100% of sum of mass percentages.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes.
The preparation method of the welding line high entropy flux-cored wire for titanium-steel welding adopts another technical scheme, and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing 10-30% of metal titanium powder, 10-50% of metal iron powder, 10-50% of metal niobium powder and 10-30% of molybdenum powder by mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; respectively placing the materials into a vacuum furnace, adding the materials to 150 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, titanium powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
step 2, cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
step 3, pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into the nickel-based alloy belt with the U-shaped groove according to the filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and 4, placing the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, gradually reducing the diameter and drawing, preferably reducing the diameter by 0.1mm each time, and finally preparing the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the purity of the titanium powder in the step 1 is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes.
In the process of preparing the powder and selecting the coating of the present invention, the reasons for limiting the composition and content of each chemical element are described as follows:
in order to improve the overall mechanical properties of titanium and steel welded joints, it is desirable that the chemical composition of the weld metal remain within the principal component range that forms the high-entropy alloy. Aiming at the component characteristics of the base metals Ti and Fe to be welded, the welding wire selects Ti-Co-Cr-Ni-Fe five-element high-entropy alloy. The main reasons are as follows:
1. in the welding process, the melting of the base metal and the dissolution of the base metal in the near-seam area to the molten pool are unavoidable, so that Ti and Fe elements in the welding seam are increased, and the content of the Ti and Fe elements in the welding wire is lower than that of other principal elements.
2. Co and Cr have good compatibility with metals Fe and Ti, hardly affect the structure of the alloy, and effectively avoid the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds.
3. By adding Ni element into the welding wire, the welding wire can be infinitely dissolved with Fe, can be mutually dissolved with Ti, co, cr and the like, and the addition of Ni can improve the compatibility of a welding line and a base metal and inhibit the generation of intermetallic compounds.
4. The trace Nb element and titanium can form infinite solid solution, so that the alloy has good intersolubility, can refine titanium grains and improve the oxidation resistance of the welding joint; the trace Mo element has solid solution strengthening effect on ferrite, can refine titanium structure, reduce thermal expansion coefficient of alloy and has great effect on improving the toughness of welding seams.
The high entropy flux-cored wire is used for welding, the weld metal is high entropy alloy, the high entropy of the weld is realized, the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds is effectively inhibited, and the strength of a welded joint is high.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the high-entropy alloy technology and the flux-cored wire technology are organically combined to obtain the flux-cored wire with high entropy of the welding line, the flux-cored wire is utilized to automatically weld the titanium-steel dissimilar metal, the high-quality titanium-steel welding joint is obtained, the high efficiency is realized, the chemical components of the welding line metal are in the principal component range of the high-entropy alloy, the structure at the welding line tends to form a simple BCC+FCC solid solution phase, and the high entropy of the welding line is realized. The growth of brittle intermetallic compound phases is effectively inhibited at the weld joint by utilizing high entropy effect, and the comprehensive mechanical property is good.
The welding seam high-entropy flux-cored wire is reasonable in design, easy to process and mold, low in cost, simple, convenient and efficient in operation process, convenient to carry out large-scale batch production and good in market application value.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the present invention will be further described by the following examples, but it should be noted that the practice of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention relates to a flux-cored wire for titanium-steel welding, which comprises a flux core and a sheath, wherein the flux core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of titanium powder, 10-50% of iron powder, 10-50% of niobium powder and 10-30% of molybdenum powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the sheath is a Ni-Cr-Co nickel-base alloy belt with the thickness of 0.3mm and the width of 10 mm.
The purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes;
the nickel-based alloy steel strip comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 27-33% of Co, 26-30% of Cr, 2.5-3.5% of Fe and the balance of Ni.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a welding line high entropy flux-cored wire for titanium-stainless steel welding, which is implemented according to the following steps:
respectively weighing 10-30% of metal titanium powder, 10-50% of metal iron powder, 10-50% of metal niobium powder and 10-30% of molybdenum powder by mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; respectively placing the materials into a vacuum furnace, adding the materials to 150 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, titanium powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into a nickel-based alloy belt with a U-shaped groove according to a filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and then placing the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, gradually reducing the diameter and drawing, wherein the reducing width of each drawing is 0.1mm, and finally preparing the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
Example 1
Respectively weighing 30% of metal molybdenum powder, 10% of metal iron powder and 50% of niobium powder by mass percent, respectively placing the materials into a vacuum furnace, adding the materials to 150 ℃ and then preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
the purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes;
cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into a nickel-based alloy belt with a U-shaped groove according to a filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and then placing the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, gradually reducing the diameter and drawing, wherein the reducing width of each drawing is 0.1mm, and finally preparing the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
The flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 1 is used for welding TA2-304 stainless steel, and the welding process comprises the following steps: the TA2 titanium plate is welded in lap joint mode under the condition that a 304 stainless steel plate is arranged, gas shielded welding is adopted, argon (purity is 99.99%, gas flow is 1.8L/min) is adopted as gas, welding current is 70A, welding voltage is 9.2V, wire feeding speed is 2.0m/min, welding speed is 3.3mm/s, and welding seam components can be controlled within the range of effective components for forming high-entropy alloy.
The content of the main elements of the weld metal measured after welding (including the following atomic percent/at%)
Fe Cr Ni Co Ti Nb Mo
Content of 11.88％ 24.20％ 23.06％ 20.67％ 15.65％ 2.53％ 2.00％
According to the entropy formulaEnthalpy value formula->Atomic radius difference formula>Mean valence electron concentration formula-> Calculated, its entropy value is 1.55r=12.88 KJ -1 mol -1 (1.55R>1.5R), mixing enthalpy value of-13.79 KJ/mol (-15 KJ/mol)<-13.79KJ/mol<5 KJ/mol), atomic radius difference of 5.67% (5.67%<6%), average valence electron concentration of 7.19 (6.5)<7.19<8). The weld joint is high entropy alloy through theoretical calculation and actual detection, the weld joint achieves the effect of high entropy, and the weld joint area is composed of BCC+FCC solid solution phase. The interface bonding of the welded joint is good through observation, and obvious welding defects and cracks are not found. And (3) carrying out mechanical property test on the sample according to a GB/T2651-2008 welded joint tensile test method, wherein the tensile strength is 324MPa.
Example 2
Respectively weighing 30% of metal molybdenum powder, 20% of metal iron powder, 10% of metal titanium powder and 40% of niobium powder by mass percent, respectively placing the materials into a vacuum furnace, adding the materials to 150 ℃ and then preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, titanium powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
the purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes;
cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into a nickel-based alloy belt with a U-shaped groove according to a filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and then placing the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, gradually reducing the diameter and drawing, wherein the reducing width of each drawing is 0.1mm, and finally preparing the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
The flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 1 is used for welding TA2-304 stainless steel, and the welding process comprises the following steps: the TA2 titanium plate is welded in lap joint mode under the condition that a 304 stainless steel plate is arranged, gas shielded welding is adopted, argon (purity is 99.99%, gas flow is 1.8L/min) is adopted as gas, welding current is 70A, welding voltage is 9.2V, wire feeding speed is 2.0m/min, welding speed is 3.3mm/s, and welding seam components can be controlled within the range of effective components for forming high-entropy alloy.
Measuring the content of each principal element of the weld metal (including atomic percent/at%)
Fe Cr Ni Co Ti Nb Mo
Content of 12.61％ 24.13％ 22.99％ 20.61％ 15.60％ 2.06％ 2.00％
According to the entropy formulaEnthalpy value formula->Atomic radius difference formula>Mean valence electron concentration formula->Calculated, the alloy entropy value is 1.56R=12.97KJ -1 mol -1 (1.56R>1.5R), mixing enthalpy value of-13.82 KJ/mol (-15 KJ/mol)<-13.82KJ/mol<5 KJ/mol), atomic radius difference of 5.62% (5.62%<6%), average valence electron concentration of 7.23 (6.5)<7.23<8). The weld joint is high entropy alloy through theoretical calculation and actual detection, the weld joint achieves the effect of high entropy, and the weld joint area is composed of BCC+FCC solid solution phase. The detection shows that the weld metal is well fused, the fusion area is free from cracks, and dense equiaxed crystals and dendrites are arranged near the fusion line. And (3) carrying out mechanical property test on the sample according to a GB/T2651-2008 welded joint tensile test method, wherein the tensile strength is 341MPa.
Example 3
Respectively weighing metal molybdenum powder with the mass percentage of 20%, metal iron powder with the mass percentage of 30%, metal titanium powder with the mass percentage of 20% and niobium powder with the mass percentage of 30%, respectively placing the materials into a vacuum furnace, adding the materials to 150 ℃ and then preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, titanium powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
the purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes;
cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into a nickel-based alloy belt with a U-shaped groove according to a filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and then placing the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, gradually reducing the diameter and drawing, wherein the reducing width of each drawing is 0.1mm, and finally preparing the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
The flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 1 is used for welding TA2-304 stainless steel, and the welding process comprises the following steps: the TA2 titanium plate is welded in lap joint mode under the condition that a 304 stainless steel plate is arranged, gas shielded welding is adopted, argon (purity is 99.99%, gas flow is 1.8L/min) is adopted as gas, welding current is 70A, welding voltage is 9.2V, wire feeding speed is 2.0m/min, welding speed is 3.3mm/s, and welding seam components can be controlled within the range of effective components for forming high-entropy alloy.
Measuring the content of each principal element of the weld metal (including atomic percent/at%)
Fe Cr Ni Co Ti Nb Mo
Content of 13.30％ 23.98％ 22.85％ 20.49％ 16.4％ 1.59％ 1.39％
According to the entropy formulaEnthalpy value formula->Atomic radius difference formula>Mean valence electron concentration formula->Calculated, the alloy entropy value is 1.58 R=13.14 KJ -1 mol -1 (1.58R>1.5R), mixing enthalpy value of-14.39 KJ/mol (-15 KJ/mol)<-14.39KJ/mol<5 KJ/mol), atomic radius difference of 5.6% (5.6%<6%), average valence electron concentration of 7.29 (6.5)<7.29<8). The weld joint is high entropy alloy through theoretical calculation and actual detection, the weld joint achieves the effect of high entropy, and the weld joint area is composed of BCC+FCC solid solution phase. The detection shows that the weld metal has good fusion property, no surface air holes, inclusions and other defects, and the weld structure is basically compact equiaxed crystal and dendrite. And (3) carrying out mechanical property test on the sample according to a GB/T2651-2008 welded joint tensile test method, wherein the tensile strength is 367MPa.
Example 4
Respectively weighing metal molybdenum powder with the mass percentage of 20%, metal iron powder with the mass percentage of 40%, metal titanium powder with the mass percentage of 20% and niobium powder with the mass percentage of 20%, respectively putting the components into a vacuum furnace, adding the components to 150 ℃ and then preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, titanium powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
the purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes;
cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into a nickel-based alloy belt with a U-shaped groove according to a filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and then placing the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, gradually reducing the diameter and drawing, wherein the reducing width of each drawing is 0.1mm, and finally preparing the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
The flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 1 is used for welding TA2-304 stainless steel, and the welding process comprises the following steps: the TA2 titanium plate is welded in lap joint mode under the condition that a 304 stainless steel plate is arranged, gas shielded welding is adopted, argon (purity is 99.99%, gas flow is 1.8L/min) is adopted as gas, welding current is 70A, welding voltage is 9.2V, wire feeding speed is 2.0m/min, welding speed is 3.3mm/s, and welding seam components can be controlled within the range of effective components for forming high-entropy alloy.
Measuring the content of each principal element of the weld metal (including atomic percent/at%)
Fe Cr Ni Co Ti Nb Mo
Content of 14.02％ 23.91％ 22.78％ 20.42％ 16.35％ 1.13％ 1.39％
According to the entropy formulaEnthalpy value formula->Atomic radius difference formula>Mean valence electron concentration formula->Calculated, the alloy entropy value is 1.58 R=13.14KJ -1 mol -1 (1.58R>1.5R), mixing enthalpy value of-14.41 KJ/mol (-15 KJ/mol)<-14.41KJ/mol<5 KJ/mol), atomic radius difference of 5.56% (5.56%<6%), average valence electron concentration of 7.33 (6.5)<7.33<8). The weld joint is high entropy alloy through theoretical calculation and actual detection, the weld joint achieves the effect of high entropy, and the weld joint area is composed of BCC+FCC solid solution phase. The detection shows that the weld metal has good fusion property, no surface air holes, inclusions and other defects, and the weld structure is basically compact equiaxed crystal and dendrite. And (3) carrying out mechanical property test on the sample according to a GB/T2651-2008 welded joint tensile test method, wherein the tensile strength is 332MPa.
Example 5
Respectively weighing 50% of metal iron powder, 30% of metal titanium powder, 10% of metal molybdenum powder and 10% of niobium powder by mass percent, respectively placing the materials into a vacuum furnace, adding the materials to 150 ℃ and then preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, titanium powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
the purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes;
cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into a nickel-based alloy belt with a U-shaped groove according to a filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and then placing the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, gradually reducing the diameter and drawing, wherein the reducing width of each drawing is 0.1mm, and finally preparing the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
The flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 1 is used for welding TA2-304 stainless steel, and the welding process comprises the following steps: the TA2 titanium plate is welded in lap joint mode under the condition that a 304 stainless steel plate is arranged, gas shielded welding is adopted, argon (purity is 99.99%, gas flow is 1.8L/min) is adopted as gas, welding current is 70A, welding voltage is 9.2V, wire feeding speed is 2.0m/min, welding speed is 3.3mm/s, and welding seam components can be controlled within the range of effective components for forming high-entropy alloy.
Measuring the content of each principal element of the weld metal (including atomic percent/at%)
Fe Cr Ni Co Ti Nb Mo
Content of 14.69％ 23.77％ 22.65％ 20.30％ 17.13％ 0.67％ 0.80％
According to the entropy formulaEnthalpy value formula->Atomic radius difference formula>Mean valence electron concentration formula->Calculated, the alloy entropy value is 1.59R=13.22 KJ -1 mol -1 (1.59R>1.5R), mixing enthalpy value of-14.98 KJ/mol (-15 KJ/mol)<-14.98KJ/mol<5 KJ/mol), atomic radius difference of 5.54% (5.54%<6%), average valence electron concentration of 7.39 (6.5)<7.39<8). The weld joint is high entropy alloy through theoretical calculation and actual detection, the weld joint achieves the effect of high entropy, and the weld joint area is composed of BCC+FCC solid solution phase. The detection shows that the weld metal is well fused, the fusion zone has no crack, and the weld structure is compact equiaxed crystal and dendrite. And (3) carrying out mechanical property test on the sample according to a GB/T2651-2008 welded joint tensile test method, wherein the tensile strength is 312MPa.

Claims (9)

1. A welding seam high entropy flux-cored wire for titanium-steel welding is characterized by comprising a flux core and a sheath;
the drug core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-20% of titanium powder, 20-30% of iron powder, 30-40% of niobium powder, 20-30% of molybdenum powder, and 100% of the sum of the components in percentage by mass; the sheath is Ni-Cr-Co nickel-based alloy belt, and the main components are as follows: 27-33% of Co, 26-30% of Cr, 2.5-3.5% of Fe and the balance of Ni; the coating rate of the drug core is 15%.
2. The flux-cored wire for high entropy of a weld joint for titanium-steel welding according to claim 1, wherein the flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of Ti, 20% of Fe, 40% of Nb, 30% of Mo and 100% of sum of mass percentages.
3. The flux-cored wire for high entropy of a weld joint for titanium-steel welding according to claim 1, wherein the flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of Ti, 30% of Fe, 30% of Nb, 20% of Mo and 100% of sum of mass percentages.
4. The flux-cored wire for high entropy of a weld joint for titanium-steel welding according to claim 1, wherein the flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of Ti, 40% of Fe, 20% of Nb, 20% of Mo and 100% of sum of mass percentages.
5. The flux-cored wire for high entropy of weld joint for titanium-steel welding according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.95%, and the grain size is 100 mesh; the purity of the iron powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the niobium powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the particle size is 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is more than or equal to 99.95 percent, and the grain diameter is 100 meshes.
6. The method for preparing the welding seam high entropy flux-cored wire for titanium-steel welding according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing 10-30% of metal titanium powder, 10-50% of metal iron powder, 10-50% of metal niobium powder and 10-30% of molybdenum powder by mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; respectively placing the materials into a vacuum furnace, adding the materials to 150 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours; then the dried molybdenum powder, titanium powder, iron powder and niobium powder are put into a powder mixer and stirred uniformly;
step 2, cleaning the nickel-based alloy belt by using cleaning equipment, drying at 85 ℃, and rolling into a U-shaped groove;
step 3, pouring the mixed powder into a feeder, and filling the powder into the nickel-based alloy belt with the U-shaped groove according to the filling rate of 15%; closing the U-shaped groove into an O shape on a flux-cored wire forming machine, and drawing the O shape into a welding wire with the diameter of 2.5 mm;
and 4, putting the welding wire on a reducing mill, replacing dies with different apertures, and gradually reducing the welding wire and drawing.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step 4, the reduction width of each drawing is 0.1mm, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is obtained.
8. Use of a weld bead high entropy flux-cored wire for titanium-steel welding according to any of claims 1-5 for the fusion welding of titanium-steel dissimilar metals.
9. The use according to claim 8, so that the chemical composition of the weld metal is kept within the range of principal elements forming the high-entropy alloy, and the structural organization at the weld tends to form simple BCC+FCC solid solution phases, thereby realizing the high entropy of the weld.
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