CN114985896B - Metal component produced by friction stir welding - Google Patents
Metal component produced by friction stir welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN114985896B CN114985896B CN202210752312.2A CN202210752312A CN114985896B CN 114985896 B CN114985896 B CN 114985896B CN 202210752312 A CN202210752312 A CN 202210752312A CN 114985896 B CN114985896 B CN 114985896B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The application provides a metal component prepared by a friction stir welding method, which comprises a first metal structure and a second metal structure, wherein the first metal structure is connected with the second metal structure by the friction stir welding method, and the first metal structure is connected with the second metal structure by forming a nano transition layer at a connecting interface; the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%. According to the metal member prepared by the friction stir welding method, the interface bonding strength can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a metal component prepared by a friction stir welding method.
Background
At present, the dissimilar metal member with high interface bonding strength has wide application prospect in the fields of vehicles, ships, aerospace, high-end equipment manufacturing and the like; the friction stir welding and friction stir additive manufacturing have the advantages of low heat input, low cost, automatic production and the like, and are one of the preferred methods for preparing the dissimilar metal members.
However, in conventional friction stir welding and friction stir additive manufacturing, a pin needs to be inserted into the interface, and the interfacial intermetallic compound is extremely difficult to control, so that the interfacial bonding strength is low, and the application range of the dissimilar metal member is limited.
Therefore, how to provide a metal member prepared by friction stir welding that can improve the interfacial bonding strength is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a metal component prepared by a friction stir welding method, which can improve the interface bonding strength.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a metal member prepared by a friction stir welding method, comprising:
the first metal structure and the second metal structure are connected through a friction stir welding method, and the first metal structure and the second metal structure are connected through forming a nano transition layer at a connecting interface; the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%.
Further, the thickness of the nano transition layer is lower than 100nm;
further, the tensile strength of the connection interface of the first metal structure and the second metal structure is greater than 180MPa.
Further, before welding by friction stir welding, the first metal structure is contacted with the first surface of the second metal structure, and the surface roughness of the first surface is Ra0.005-Ra0.8; preferably, the surface roughness of the first surface is Ra0.005-Ra0.2; still more preferably, the first surface has a surface roughness of Ra0.005-Ra0.1.
Further, the friction stir welding method includes the steps of:
inserting a rotary stirring pin into the first metal structure and walking along the welding direction so as to weld the first metal structure and the second metal structure;
the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the pin is d, d >9mm.
Further, the bottom of the stirring pin is provided with an anti-slip structure.
Further, the bottom roughness Ra of the stirring pin is >3.
Further, the anti-skid structure comprises strip-shaped grooves, and the strip-shaped grooves are staggered to form a grid shape;
further, the width of the strip-shaped groove is >0.1mm; further, the stripe groove depth is >0.1mm.
Further, in the friction stir welding process, the distance from the bottom of the stirring pin to the second metal structure is a,1mm > a >0.01mm.
Further, in the friction stir welding process, the rotation speed of the stirring pin is 100rpm-5000rpm.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring pin is 500rpm-4000rpm in the friction stir welding process.
Further, in the friction stir welding process, the travelling speed of the stirring pin is 200mm/min-5000mm/min.
Further, in the friction stir welding process, the travelling speed of the stirring pin is 500mm/min-5000mm/min.
Further, in the friction stir welding process, the travelling speed of the stirring pin is 1000mm/min-5000mm/min.
Further, the friction stir welding method includes the steps of: adopting a friction stir welding method to weld the first metal structure and the second metal structure at least once; further, the overlap width of each adjacent two welds is b, where 0.1mm < b <5mm.
Further, the friction stir welding method includes the steps of:
step S1, performing first welding on a first metal structure and a second metal structure by adopting a friction stir welding method;
s2, performing second welding on the first metal structure and the second metal structure by adopting a friction stir welding method;
the overlap width of the second weld and the first weld is b, wherein 0.1mm < b <5mm.
Further, the friction stir welding method includes the steps of:
step S1, performing first welding on a first metal structure and a second metal structure by adopting a friction stir welding method;
s2, performing second welding on the first metal structure and the second metal structure by adopting a friction stir welding method;
step S3, welding the first metal structure and the second metal structure for the third time by adopting a friction stir welding method;
the overlap width of adjacent welds is b, where 0.1mm < b <5mm.
Further, the first metal structure and the second metal structure are made of different materials.
Further, the melting point of the first metal structure is lower than the melting point of the second metal structure.
Further, the first metal structure and the second metal structure have melting points that differ by more than 100 ℃.
Further, the strength of the interface of the nano layer is more than 180MPa.
Further, the strength of the interface of the nano layer is more than 200MPa.
The application provides a metal component prepared by a friction stir welding method; the application can improve the interface bonding strength.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stirring pin according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 7 shows a pin used in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a high strength aluminum steel member made in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
1. A first metal structure; 2. a second metal structure; 3. a friction stir structure; 31. a stirring pin; 311. an anti-slip structure; 32. and (5) a shaft shoulder.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-8 in combination, a metal member prepared by a friction stir welding method includes a first metal structure 1, and a second metal structure 2, wherein the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 are connected by the friction stir welding method, and the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 are connected by forming a nano transition layer at a connecting interface, and the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%. According to the application, the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 form the nano transition layer at the connecting interface, and the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%, so that the bonding strength of the connecting interface can be effectively improved.
The application also discloses some embodiments, the thickness of the nano transition layer is lower than 100nm, so that the interface bonding strength is high and is higher than 180MPa.
The application also discloses some embodiments, wherein the tensile strength of the connecting interface of the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 is more than 180MPa; further, the tensile strength of the connection interface of the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 is greater than 200MPa. It is possible to make the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 more firmly connected.
According to the application, the connection interface of the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 is connected by forming a nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm on the connection interface. According to the application, the friction stir welding method is adopted for connection, the nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm is formed at the connection interface of the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2, the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connection interface is higher than 80%, the interface bonding strength can be effectively improved, and the application range of the dissimilar metal member is wider.
The application also discloses some embodiments, wherein the first metal structure 1 is contacted with the first surface of the second metal structure 2, and the surface roughness of the first surface is Ra0.005-Ra0.8. When the surface roughness of the first surface is Ra0.005-Ra0.8, the application can form the nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm at the interface, the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%, the high-strength combination of dissimilar metals is realized, and the high-strength interface connection is realized compared with the low-roughness combination surface. If the surface roughness of the first surface is not within the above range, even if it is capable of forming a nanolayer, the ratio of the nanolayer at the connection interface is small, and the bonding strength is low, for example, when the surface roughness of the first surface is too large, the nanolayer can be formed, but the nanolayer is formed only at the convex portion, the ratio at the interface is small, and the bonding strength is low. The roughness defined by the application is high, so that the ratio of the nano layer to the interface is higher than 80%, and the interface strength is high.
Conventional welding theory suggests that dissimilar metal surfaces are roughened, and the bonding interface can increase the mechanical interlocking and bonding area, which is beneficial to improving the bonding strength, thus generally making the metal surfaces rougher.
Preferably, the surface roughness of the first surface is Ra0.005-Ra0.2; still preferably, the first surface has a surface roughness of Ra0.005-Ra0.1.
The application also discloses some embodiments, the friction stir welding method comprises the following steps:
inserting a rotary stirring pin 31 into the first metal structure 1 and walking along the welding direction so as to weld the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2; the stirring pin 31 and the shaft shoulder 32 form a stirring friction structure 3.
The cross-sectional diameter of pin 31 is d, d >9mm. The distance from the stirring pin 31 to the bonding interface can be increased, and the process margin can be improved. Compared with the prior art that a relatively uniform nano transition layer cannot be formed on a dissimilar metal interface in the welding technology, the bonding strength is low, the interface bonding strength can be improved by comprehensively adjusting the position of the stirring pin 31 relative to a welding workpiece, the size of the stirring pin 31 and the interface roughness, so that the relatively uniform nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm can be formed on the dissimilar metal interface, and the interface bonding strength can be improved by times. For example, the distance a,1mm > a >0.01mm between the bottom of the stirring needle and the second metal structure 2 is comprehensively adjusted, the cross section diameter d of the stirring needle 31 is d, d is more than 9mm, the surface roughness of the first surface of the second metal is Ra0.005-Ra0.8, a relatively uniform nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm can be formed on a dissimilar metal interface, the area ratio of the nano transition layer in a connecting interface is higher than 80%, and the interface bonding strength can be improved in multiple.
The application also discloses some embodiments, the bottom of the stirring needle 31 is provided with the anti-slip structure 311, so that the stirring needle 31 generates enough friction at the interface, more materials at the bottom of the stirring needle 31 can be driven to rotate together with the stirring needle, the distance from the stirring needle 31 to the bonding interface is further increased, and the process margin is improved.
Some embodiments are also disclosed, the bottom roughness Ra >3 of pin 31.
Some embodiments of the present application also disclose that the anti-slip structure 311 includes bar grooves, and each bar groove is staggered to form a lattice shape. The roughness of the bottom of the stirring pin 31 can be effectively controlled.
The width of the strip-shaped groove is more than 0.1mm; further, the depth of the strip-shaped groove is more than 0.1mm, so that the distance from the stirring head to the rigid surface can be increased, and the process margin is increased.
Compared with the friction stir welding technology in the prior art, the welding of dissimilar metals still needs to strictly control the distance between the stirring pin 31 and the second layer of metal plate to be about 0.01mm to 0.1mm, and has the advantages of large control difficulty and small process margin. According to the application, the large stirring pin 31 size and the top anti-skid dent means are comprehensively adopted, and under certain working conditions, the bottom layer interface of the stirring pin 31 can be connected with high strength within the range of 0.01mm to 1mm, so that the control difficulty is obviously reduced, and the process margin is increased.
Some embodiments are also disclosed in which the bottom of pin 31 is a distance a from the second metal structure 2, 1mm > a >0.01mm during friction stir welding.
Some embodiments are also disclosed in which the pin 31 is rotated at 100rpm to 5000rpm during friction stir welding.
Some embodiments are disclosed, wherein the rotation speed of the stirring pin 31 is 500rpm-4000rpm in the friction stir welding process;
some embodiments are also disclosed, wherein the travel speed of the stirring pin 31 is 200mm/min-5000mm/min in the friction stir welding process.
Some embodiments are also disclosed in which the travel speed of the pin 31 during friction stir welding is 500mm/min-5000mm/min.
Some embodiments are also disclosed in which the travel speed of the pin 31 during friction stir welding is 1000mm/min-5000mm/min.
The application also discloses some embodiments, the friction stir welding method comprises the following steps: and welding the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 at least once by adopting a friction stir welding method, wherein the overlapping width of every two adjacent welding is b, and the overlapping width is 0.1mm < b <5mm.
The application also discloses some embodiments, wherein the overlapping width of every two adjacent welding is b, and 0.1mm < b <5mm.
The application also discloses some embodiments, the friction stir welding method comprises the following steps:
step S1, performing first welding on a first metal structure 1 and a second metal structure 2 by adopting a friction stir welding method;
s2, performing second welding on the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 by adopting a friction stir welding method;
the overlap width of the second weld and the first weld is b, wherein 0.1mm < b <5mm.
The application also discloses some embodiments, the friction stir welding method further comprises the following steps:
step S3, adopting a friction stir welding method to weld the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 for the third time;
the overlap width of the third weld and the second weld is b, wherein 0.1mm < b <5mm.
According to the application, through technological innovation, the high-strength nano layer formed at the interface can not only improve the bonding strength, but also obviously improve the thermal stability of the interface, so that the overlapping width of the second-pass processing and the first-pass processing is more than 0.1mm and less than 5mm, the bonding strength of the interface of the first pass cannot be reduced, and the problems that the dissimilar metal interface prepared by traditional friction stir welding contains coarse intermetallic compounds, the thermal stability is poor, the second-pass processing and the first-pass processing overlap to cause serious coarsening of the intermetallic compounds of the interface of the first pass, and the bonding strength is obviously reduced are solved. Compared with the traditional single-pass friction stir welding, the bonding area is narrow, the industrial requirement cannot be completely met, the prepared dissimilar metal interface contains coarse intermetallic compounds, the thermal stability is poor, the friction stir welding is carried out again, the interface joint strength can be seriously reduced, and the method is not suitable for multi-pass friction stir welding. The dissimilar metal interface prepared by the application is composed of the nano-layer with high thermal stability, and friction stir welding is performed again, so that the interface joint strength is not reduced, and the dissimilar metal interface is suitable for multi-pass friction stir welding.
The first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 are both metal plates.
The friction stir welding method of the application further comprises the following steps:
1) Placing an a metal plate with a relatively low melting point on a B metal plate;
2) The surface roughness of the metal plate B contacted with the metal plate A is between Ra0.005 and Ra0.8;
3) Processing by using a stirring tool consisting of a shaft shoulder 32 and a special stirring pin 31, wherein the diameter of the top of the stirring pin 31 is larger than 9mm, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is carved with an anti-skid dent;
4) Rotating the stirring pin 31 to a rotation speed range of 100rpm to 5000rpm;
5) After the stirring pin 31 is inserted into the metal plate A, the stirring pin walks along the path to be processed, one-time processing is completed, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the metal surface B in the processing process, and the distance is 0.01mm to 1mm.
6) After one-pass machining is completed, a second-pass machining is performed, the overlapping width of the second-pass machining and the first-pass machining is larger than 0.1mm and smaller than 5mm, the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of the metal B in the machining process, and the distance is 0.01mm to 1mm.
The present application also discloses some embodiments, wherein the first metal structure 1 and the second metal structure 2 are made of different materials.
Some embodiments are also disclosed in which the melting point of the first metal structure 1 is lower than the melting point of the second metal structure 2. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Further, the melting point of the first metal structure 1 and the melting point of the second metal structure 2 are different by more than 100 DEG C
The metal component can be a preparation process of a large-size high-strength dissimilar metal component. The friction stir welding method is based on a new theory of nano shearing localization induction amorphous alloying of heterogeneous metal interfaces, and by comprehensively adjusting the position of the stirring pin 31 relative to a welding workpiece, the shape of the stirring pin 31, the size of the stirring pin 31 and the interface roughness, a relatively uniform nano transition layer can be formed on the heterogeneous metal interfaces, and the interface bonding strength can be improved by times. The novel process improves the process margin and the thermal stability of the interface while obtaining high interface bonding strength, and is more suitable for preparing large-size high-strength dissimilar metal members with low cost.
Examples
Example 1
1) Placing an Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy plate on a high-strength steel plate;
2) The roughness of the surface of the high-strength steel contacted with the aluminum alloy is between Ra0.01 and Ra0.1;
3) Processing by using a stirring tool consisting of a shaft shoulder 32 and a special stirring pin 31, wherein the diameter of the top of the stirring pin 31 is 9mm, and an anti-skid dent is carved on the top of the stirring pin 31;
4) Rotating the stirring pin 31 to a rotation speed interval of 500rpm to 5000rpm;
5) After the stirring pin 31 is inserted into the aluminum alloy plate, the stirring pin walks along the processing path at the speed of 0.3m/min to 5m/min to finish one-time processing, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of the high-strength steel in the processing process, and the distance is 0.01mm to 0.3mm.
6) After one-pass machining is completed, a second-pass machining is performed, the overlapping width of the second-pass machining and the first-pass machining is larger than 0.1mm and smaller than 2mm, the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of the high-strength steel in the machining process, and the distance is 0.01mm to 0.3mm.
7) The prepared joint interface forms a relatively uniform nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm, and the area occupied ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%.
8) The joint interface bonding strength is tested by taking a plurality of rows of dog bone shaped tensile samples from the prepared samples, the bonding interface is positioned at the center of the gauge length section of the dog bone samples, and the tested tensile strength is greater than 180MPa.
Example 2
1) Placing 7050 aluminum alloy plates on high-strength steel plates;
2) The roughness of the surface of the high-strength steel contacted with the aluminum alloy is between Ra0.005 and Ra0.025;
3) Processing by using a stirring tool consisting of a shaft shoulder 32 and a special stirring pin 31, wherein the diameter of the top of the stirring pin 31 is 15mm, and an anti-skid dent is carved on the top of the stirring pin 31;
4) Rotating the stirring pin 31 to a rotation speed interval of 100rpm to 2000 rpm;
5) After the stirring pin 31 is inserted into the aluminum alloy plate, the stirring pin walks along a processing path, the speed is 0.1m/min to 2m/min, one-time processing is completed, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of high-strength steel in the processing process, and the distance is 0.05mm to 1mm.
6) After one-pass machining is completed, a second-pass machining is performed, the overlapping width of the second-pass machining and the first-pass machining is larger than 0.5mm and smaller than 5mm, the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of the high-strength steel in the machining process, and the distance is 0.05mm to 1mm.
7) The prepared joint interface forms a relatively uniform nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm, and the area occupied ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%.
8) The joint interface bonding strength is tested by taking a plurality of rows of dog bone shaped tensile samples from the prepared samples, the bonding interface is positioned at the center of the gauge length section of the dog bone samples, and the tested tensile strength is greater than 200MPa.
Example 3
1) Placing a titanium alloy plate Ti6Al4V on a steel plate;
2) The roughness of the surface of the steel plate contacted with the titanium alloy is between Ra0.025 and Ra0.1;
3) Processing by using a stirring tool consisting of a shaft shoulder 32 and a special stirring pin 31, wherein the diameter of the top of the stirring pin 31 is 12mm, and an anti-skid dent is carved on the top of the stirring pin 31;
4) Rotating the stirring pin 31 to a rotation speed interval of 100rpm to 1000 rpm;
5) After the stirring pin 31 is inserted into the titanium alloy plate, the stirring pin walks along a path to be processed at a speed of 0.1m/min to 1m/min, one-time processing is completed, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of steel in the processing process, and the distance is 0.02mm to 1mm.
6) After one pass of processing is completed, a second pass of processing is performed, the overlapping width of the second pass of processing and the first pass of processing is more than 0.1mm and less than 2mm, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of steel in the processing process, and the distance is 0.02mm to 1mm.
7) The prepared joint interface forms a relatively uniform nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm, and the area occupied ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%.
8) The joint interface bonding strength is tested by taking a plurality of rows of dog bone shaped tensile samples from the prepared samples, the bonding interface is positioned at the center of the gauge length section of the dog bone samples, and the tested tensile strength is greater than 220MPa.
Comparative example 1
1) Placing an Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy plate on a high-strength steel plate;
2) The roughness Ra1.5 to Ra3.4 of the surface of the high-strength steel contacted with the aluminum alloy;
3) Processing by using a stirring tool consisting of a shaft shoulder 32 and a special stirring pin 31, wherein the diameter of the top of the stirring pin 31 is 8mm, and no anti-skid dent is carved on the top of the stirring pin 31;
4) Rotating the stirring pin 31 to a rotation speed interval of 500rpm to 5000rpm;
5) After the stirring pin 31 is inserted into the aluminum alloy plate, the stirring pin walks along the processing path at the speed of 0.3m/min to 5m/min to finish one-time processing, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of the high-strength steel in the processing process, and the distance is 0.05mm to 0.3mm.
6) After one-pass machining is completed, a second-pass machining is performed, the overlapping width of the second-pass machining and the first-pass machining is larger than 0.1mm and smaller than 2mm, the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of the high-strength steel in the machining process, and the distance is 0.01mm to 0.3mm.
7) The prepared joint interface forms a nano transition layer with the thickness lower than 100nm, but the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is lower than 60%, and many unwelded hole defects exist in the interface.
8) The joint interface bonding strength is tested by taking a plurality of rows of dog bone shaped tensile samples from the prepared samples, the bonding interface is positioned at the center of the gauge length section of the dog bone samples, and the tested tensile strength is lower than 100MPa.
Comparative example 2
1) Placing 7050 aluminum alloy plates on high-strength steel plates;
2) The roughness of the surface of the high-strength steel contacted with the aluminum alloy is between Ra0.005 and Ra0.025;
3) Processing by using a stirring tool consisting of a shaft shoulder 32 and a special stirring pin 31, wherein the diameter of the top of the stirring pin 31 is 15mm;
4) Rotating the stirring pin 31 to a rotation speed interval of 100rpm to 2000 rpm;
5) After the stirring pin 31 is inserted into the aluminum alloy plate, the stirring pin walks along a processing path, the speed is 0.1m/min to 2m/min, one-time processing is completed, and the top of the stirring pin 31 is inserted into the surface of the high-strength steel for 0.1mm in the processing process.
6) After one-pass machining is completed, a second-pass machining is performed, the overlapping width of the second-pass machining and the first-pass machining is larger than 0.5mm and smaller than 5mm, the top of the stirring pin 31 is not contacted with the surface of the high-strength steel in the machining process, and the distance is 0.05mm to 1mm.
7) The prepared joint interface forms a brittle intermetallic compound transition layer with the thickness higher than 300 nm.
8) The joint interface bonding strength is tested by taking a plurality of rows of dog bone shaped tensile samples from the prepared samples, the bonding interface is positioned at the center of the gauge length section of the dog bone samples, and the tested tensile strength is lower than 70MPa.
In summary, the metal member prepared in the application has high tensile strength of the bonding interface, and the application can improve the bonding strength of the interface.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above advantageous ways can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the application.
Claims (18)
1. A metal component prepared by a friction stir welding process comprising:
the device comprises a first metal structure (1) and a second metal structure (2), wherein the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) are connected through a friction stir welding method, and the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) are connected through forming a nano transition layer at a connecting interface; the area ratio of the nano transition layer in the connecting interface is higher than 80%; the thickness of the nano transition layer is lower than 100nm;
before welding by adopting the friction stir welding, the first metal structure (1) is contacted with the first surface of the second metal structure (2), and the surface roughness of the first surface is Ra0.005-Ra0.8;
the friction stir welding method comprises the following steps:
inserting a rotary stirring pin (31) into the first metal structure (1) and walking along the welding direction so as to weld the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2); the minimum cross-section diameter of the stirring pin (31) is d, and d is more than 9mm; the bottom of the stirring pin (31) is provided with an anti-slip structure (311);
in the friction stir welding process, the distance from the bottom of the stirring pin (31) to the second metal structure (2) is a,1mm & gt a & gt 0.01mm.
2. The metal component produced by friction stir welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensile strength of the connection interface of the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) is greater than 180MPa.
3. The metal component manufactured by the friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the first surface has a surface roughness of ra0.005-ra0.2.
4. A metal component prepared by a friction stir welding process as recited in claim 3 wherein the first surface has a surface roughness in the range of from ra0.005 to ra0.1.
5. A metal component produced by friction stir welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom roughness Ra of the pin (31) is >3.
6. A metal component manufactured by friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein the slip resistant structure (311) comprises grooves in the form of bars, each of the grooves being staggered to form a lattice.
7. The metal component manufactured by friction stir welding method according to claim 6 wherein the width of the strip groove is >0.1mm.
8. The metal component manufactured by friction stir welding method according to claim 7 wherein the depth of the strip grooves is >0.1mm.
9. A metal component manufactured by friction stir welding as recited in claim 1, wherein,
in the friction stir welding process, the rotating speed of the stirring pin (31) is 100rpm-5000rpm;
in the friction stir welding process, the travelling speed of the stirring pin (31) is 200mm/min-5000mm/min.
10. A metal component produced by friction stir welding according to claim 9 wherein the rotational speed of the pin (31) during friction stir welding is 500rpm to 4000rpm.
11. A metal component produced by friction stir welding according to claim 9 wherein the travel speed of the pin (31) during friction stir welding is 500mm/min-5000mm/min.
12. A metal component produced by friction stir welding according to claim 9 wherein the travel speed of the pin (31) during friction stir welding is 1000mm/min-5000mm/min.
13. The metal component manufactured by the friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the friction stir welding method comprises the steps of: and adopting a friction stir welding method to weld the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) at least once.
14. The metal member produced by the friction stir welding method according to claim 13, wherein when two or more welds are performed, an overlap width of each adjacent two welds is b, wherein 0.1mm < b <5mm.
15. The metal component manufactured by the friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the friction stir welding method comprises the steps of:
step S1: carrying out first welding on the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) by adopting a friction stir welding method;
step S2: and adopting a friction stir welding method to weld the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) for the second time.
16. A metal component produced by friction stir welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) are made of different materials.
17. A metal component produced by a friction stir welding process according to claim 16, characterized in that the melting point of the first metal structure (1) is lower than the melting point of the second metal structure (2).
18. A metal component produced by a friction stir welding process according to claim 17 wherein the first metal structure (1) and the second metal structure (2) differ in melting point by more than 100 ℃.
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| CN113231753A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Arc surfacing welding friction stir composite welding method for dissimilar metals |
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| US8464926B2 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2013-06-18 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Method of friction stir welding dissimilar metals and workpiece assemblies formed thereby |
| US11440134B2 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-09-13 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method of joining dissimilar metals through friction stir welding and multi-metal component |
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