CN114469236B - Medical elastic thread - Google Patents
Medical elastic thread Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114469236B CN114469236B CN202210266804.0A CN202210266804A CN114469236B CN 114469236 B CN114469236 B CN 114469236B CN 202210266804 A CN202210266804 A CN 202210266804A CN 114469236 B CN114469236 B CN 114469236B
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- wire
- elastic
- wrapping
- marquees
- inner core
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010015150 Erythema Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000321 erythema Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000683 possible toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006347 Elastollan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102220005284 rs33958088 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
- A61B17/12009—Implements for ligaturing other than by clamps or clips, e.g. using a loop with a slip knot
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L17/00—Materials for surgical sutures or for ligaturing blood vessels ; Materials for prostheses or catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00526—Methods of manufacturing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
- A61B17/12009—Implements for ligaturing other than by clamps or clips, e.g. using a loop with a slip knot
- A61B2017/12018—Elastic band ligators
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medical suturing, in particular to a medical elastic thread. The wrapping wire is one or two of high-density polyethylene fibers or polylactic acid fibers, the inner layer comprises one or more inner cores, and the inner cores are one or more of silica gel wires, polycarbonate-based polyurethane, thermoplastic elastomer and wire thermoplastic polyurethane rubber. The invention not only meets the biocompatibility index, but also realizes that the sliding resistance of the movement wire at the on-line junction position is smaller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical suturing, in particular to a medical elastic thread.
Background
The anorectal ligation gun is a device used in medicine to replace the traditional manual suturing, and has the advantages of reliable quality, convenient use, high suturing speed, fewer side effects and operation complications and the like compared with the traditional manual ligation technology due to the development of modern technology and the improvement of manufacturing technology. The most important elastic thread in the anorectal ligation gun is an elastic thread ligation gun (application number 202111107984. X) with an automatic thread breaking function, which is disclosed in Chinese patent, and part of the elastic thread ligation gun is left in a human body after anorectal ligation gun operation, so that the requirement on biocompatibility is high.
The outer layer material of the existing elastic thread is commonly used: polyester yarn (PET fiber), nylon yarn (PA 6 fiber), polyester cotton (blended fabric of polyester and cotton), pure cotton and high-elastic yarn (a treatment method, after the textured yarn is subjected to higher overfeeding ratio, the fabric can generate an elastic effect), polypropylene fiber (PP polypropylene fiber), aramid fiber (aromatic polyamide fiber) and spandex (polyurethane fiber and PU fiber); and the inner layer is generally made of latex filaments. Therefore, the requirement of the biocompatibility index is difficult to meet in terms of the biocompatibility index, and particularly the requirement of stricter Europe and America is satisfied. Meanwhile, the existing design omits the indexes such as the stretching ratio, the breaking force and the like, for example, the stretching ratio is too small, the resistance of the moving wire sliding at the wire knot position is relatively high when the elastic wire is tightened, and the moving wire is easy to fall off after the ligation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a medical elastic line. The invention provides a novel elastic thread manufacturing material, which improves the biocompatibility index.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a medical elastic thread, includes skin and inlayer, its characterized in that: the outer layer is a wrapping line; the wrapping wire is one or two of high-density polyethylene fiber and polylactic acid fiber, the inner layer comprises one or more inner cores, and the inner cores are one or more of silica gel wires, polycarbonate-based polyurethane, thermoplastic elastomer and wire thermoplastic polyurethane rubber.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the wrapping wire is prepared by mixing 20% by weight of high-density polyethylene fibers and 80% by weight of polylactic acid fibers.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the high density polyethylene fiber has a diameter ranging from 150D to 400D, and is one of 5000S, E, E808, 19C, 200k, or Y910A.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the silica gel silk brand is one of SH-2260AB, SH-2265AB, BQ-6550AB, BQ-6560AB and SH-K630 AB; the brand of the thermoplastic elastomer is one of Ensoft SX-141, ensoft SX-161, ensoft SX-300 and Ensoft SX-400; the brand of the silk thermoplastic polyurethane rubber is one of Texin RxT D, 1085AF, elastollan C85A and 795U.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the stretch ratio of the elastic line is more than or equal to 120%; the breaking force of the elastic line is more than or equal to 60N.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the wrapping wire is polylactic acid fiber, and the inner core is one or more pieces of polycarbonate-based polyurethane.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the wrapping wire is made of high-density polyethylene fiber, and the inner core is made of one or more silica gel filaments.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the wrapping wire is made of polylactic acid and high-density polyethylene fiber mixed fiber, and the inner core is made of one or more silica gel filaments.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the diameter of the wrapping wire is 1.25-1.45mm, and the diameter of the inner core is 1.1-1.3mm.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the diameter of the wrapping wire is 1.35mm, the diameter of the inner core is 1.15mm, the stretch ratio of the elastic wire is 168%, and the breaking force of the elastic wire is 180N.
A medical elastic thread as described above, characterized in that: the processing steps are as follows: step one, a step one; the processing of the wrapping line comprises the following sub-steps,
1.1, Raw materials are threaded on a winding machine, a bobbin is prepared in a finished product preparation area of the winding machine,
1.2, Setting the winding turns, winding 80 to 200 turns,
1.3, Putting down the bobbin when starting to work;
Step two, braiding the inner core and the wrapping wire into elastic wires through a braiding machine, wherein the braiding machine is provided with four groups of trotting spindles, comprises the following sub-steps,
2.1, Discharging the inner core from the paying-off reel, wiring from the lower part of the braiding machine, and passing through a center hole of the disk surface through a guide wheel; putting the bobbin wound with the wrapping wire on a travelling horse spindle; the wrapping wire head passes through the middle wire hole of the travelling horse spindle and passes through the pull rod wire hole;
2.2 each group of the marquees consists of 6 red marquees and 6 yellow marquees, wherein the red marquees are threaded anticlockwise and the yellow marquees are threaded clockwise in the winding process;
2.3, pressing a switch of the braiding machine to start braiding, and drawing the braiding machine to a traction wheel for a few circles and then to a take-up reel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: therefore, not only the biocompatibility index is met, but also the technical index that the sliding resistance of the movement wire at the on-line knot position is smaller and the reverse resistance is very large after tightening is finished is realized, and the tightening state after ligation is maintained; and has better biocompatibility.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a single strand structure of the core.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the core in double strands.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a 6-strand core structure.
Reference numerals illustrate: the drawing wraps the wire 1 and the inner core 2.
Detailed Description
The technical content of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the medical elastic thread comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is a wrapping thread 1; the wrapping wire 1 is made of one or two of high-density polyethylene fiber and polylactic acid fiber (pla fiber), for example, 20% by weight of high-density polyethylene fiber and 80% by weight of polylactic acid fiber are mixed to prepare the wrapping wire. The high-density polyethylene has good heat resistance, cold resistance, chemical stability, higher rigidity and toughness and good mechanical strength. The hardness, tensile strength and creep of the high-density polyethylene are superior to those of the low-density polyethylene; the wear resistance, the electrical insulation property, the toughness and the cold resistance are all good; the chemical stability is good, and the water-soluble polyurethane resin is insoluble in any organic solvent, and is resistant to corrosion by acid, alkali and various salts under the condition of room temperature; the film has small permeability to water vapor and air and low water absorption. The high-density polyethylene fiber is also called as polyethylene. The polyethylene diameter model range of the invention is 150D-400D, and the brands can be selected from 5000S, E, E808, 19C, 200k, Y910A and the like. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the inner layer comprises one or more inner cores 2, the inner cores 2 are one or a mixture of a plurality of silica gel wires, polycarbonate-based Polyurethane (PCU), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and silk thermoplastic polyurethane rubber (TPU), and fig. 1 is an inner core 2; fig. 2 shows 2 cores 2; fig. 3 shows 6 cores 2; as shown in fig. 3, the inner core 2 may be one or more of a silicone wire, a polycarbonate-based polyurethane, or a thermoplastic elastomer. The brand of the silica gel silk can be SH-2260AB, SH-2265AB, BQ-6550AB, BQ-6560AB, SH-K630AB and the like; the thermoplastic elastomer marks can be Ensoft SX-141, ensoft SX-161, ensoft SX-300, ensoft SX-400 and the like; the brand of the silk thermoplastic polyurethane rubber can be Texin RxT D, 1085AF, elastollan C85A, 795U and the like.
The invention also discloses a method for manufacturing the elastic thread, which comprises the following steps:
The elastic line is formed by spinning and adding an inner core
Step one, a step one; the processing of the wrapping wire 1, including the following sub-steps,
1.1, Raw materials (wires) are threaded on a winding machine, a bobbin is prepared in a finished product preparation area of the winding machine,
1.2 Turns of winding, typically 80 to 200 turns, such as 100 turns, 150 turns
1.3, When the bobbin starts to work, the bobbin is put down, and the left bobbin and the right bobbin can be simultaneously carried out.
Step two, braiding the inner core and the wrapping wire into elastic wires through a braiding machine, wherein the braiding machine is provided with four groups of trotting spindles, comprises the following sub-steps,
2.1, The inner core is discharged from the pay-off reel, is routed from the lower part of the braiding machine, passes through the guide wheel and passes through the center hole of the disk surface. And (5) putting the bobbin wound with the wrapping wire on a travelling horse spindle. The wrapping wire head passes through the middle wire hole of the travelling horse spindle and passes through the pull rod wire hole.
2.2 Each group of the marquees consists of 6 red marquees and 6 yellow marquees, wherein the red marquees are threaded anticlockwise and the yellow marquees are threaded clockwise in the winding process.
2.3, Pressing a switch of the braiding machine to start braiding, and drawing the braiding machine to a traction wheel for a few circles and then to a take-up reel.
And after the completion, manually winding the wire in the winding disc.
The stretch ratio of the elastic thread is more than or equal to 120 percent; the elastic line breaking force is more than or equal to 60N; if the stretch ratio of the elastic thread is 150% and 200%; the breaking force of the elastic wire is 90N and 150N, so that the resistance of the sliding of the moving wire at the wire knot position is smaller when the elastic wire is tightened, the reverse resistance is very large after the tightening is completed, and the tightening state after the elastic wire is sleeved can be maintained. According to the invention, the wrapping wire 1 is made of high-density polyethylene fibers, the inner core 2 is one or more silica gel wires, the diameter of the wrapping wire 1 is between 1.25 and 1.45mm, the diameter of the inner core 2 is 1.1 to 1.3mm, for example, the diameter of the wrapping wire 1 is 1.35mm, the stretch ratio of a test elastic wire after the diameter of the inner core 2 is 1.15mm is 168%, and the breaking force of the elastic wire is 180N, so that the biocompatibility index is met, the sliding resistance of a moving wire at the wire junction position is relatively small, the technical index of very large reverse resistance after tightening is finished, and the tightening state after tightening is kept, and therefore, the elastic wire is particularly suitable for anorectal ligation guns. The sensitization positive rate of the technical scheme is 0%; the final score for erythema and edema stimulation was 0; has no potential toxic effect on L929 cells.
Claims (3)
1. A medical elastic thread, includes skin and inlayer, its characterized in that: the outer layer is a wrapping line; the inner layer comprises one or more inner cores, and the inner cores are one or a mixture of more of silica gel wires, polycarbonate-based polyurethane, thermoplastic elastomer and wire thermoplastic polyurethane rubber; the wrapping wire is made of high-density polyethylene fiber; the diameter of the wrapping wire is 1.25-1.45mm, and the diameter of the inner core is 1.1-1.3 mm; the stretch ratio of the elastic line is more than or equal to 120 percent, the breaking force of the elastic line is more than or equal to 60N; the positive rate of the elastic sensitization is 0%, the final score of the erythema and edema stimulus is 0, and the potential toxicity effect on L929 cells is avoided; the elastic line is used for anorectal ligation gun;
The processing steps are as follows: step one, a step one; the processing of the wrapping line comprises the following sub-steps,
1.1, Raw materials are threaded on a winding machine, a bobbin is prepared in a finished product preparation area of the winding machine,
1.2, Setting the winding turns, winding 80 to 200 turns,
1.3, Putting down the bobbin when starting to work;
Step two, braiding the inner core and the wrapping wire into elastic wires through a braiding machine, wherein the braiding machine is provided with four groups of trotting spindles, comprises the following sub-steps,
2.1, Discharging the inner core from the paying-off reel, wiring from the lower part of the braiding machine, and passing through a center hole of the disk surface through a guide wheel; putting the bobbin wound with the wrapping wire on a travelling horse spindle; the wrapping wire head passes through the middle wire hole of the travelling horse spindle and passes through the pull rod wire hole;
2.2 each group of the marquees consists of 6 red marquees and 6 yellow marquees, wherein the red marquees are threaded anticlockwise and the yellow marquees are threaded clockwise in the winding process;
2.3, pressing a switch of the braiding machine to start braiding, and drawing the braiding machine to a traction wheel for a few circles and then to a take-up reel.
2. A medical elastic thread according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the wrapping wire is 1.35mm, the diameter of the inner core is 1.15mm, the stretch ratio of the elastic wire is 168%, and the breaking force of the elastic wire is 180N.
3. A medical elastic thread according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner core is one or more silica gel filaments.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210266804.0A CN114469236B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Medical elastic thread |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210266804.0A CN114469236B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Medical elastic thread |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114469236A CN114469236A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114469236B true CN114469236B (en) | 2024-09-13 |
Family
ID=81486382
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210266804.0A Active CN114469236B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Medical elastic thread |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114469236B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6162537A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 2000-12-19 | Solutia Inc. | Implantable fibers and medical articles |
| KR20200129708A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-18 | 한스바이오메드 주식회사 | Suture thread and needle, and kit comprising the same |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004082724A2 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-30 | Opus Medical Inc. | Optimized suture braid |
| US20060025818A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-02 | Ferguson Patrick J | Strong, flexible suture material |
| CN103215779B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-04-08 | 东华大学 | Device and method for preparing sustainable-released antibacterial real-silk braided suture line |
| CN103519860A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-22 | 许瑞云 | Method for setting elastic threads in ligation device and automatic elastic thread ligation device |
| CN103816564A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 东华大学 | Long-acting controlled-release antibacterial real silk woven type surgical suture and preparing method thereof |
| US20150258238A1 (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-17 | River Point, Llc | Suture material having beneficial physical properties |
-
2022
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202210266804.0A patent/CN114469236B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6162537A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 2000-12-19 | Solutia Inc. | Implantable fibers and medical articles |
| KR20200129708A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-18 | 한스바이오메드 주식회사 | Suture thread and needle, and kit comprising the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114469236A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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