CN114341048A

CN114341048A - Rope guiding device, electric winch and crane system

Info

Publication number: CN114341048A
Application number: CN202080061885.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄伟杰
Original assignee: Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-23
Filing date: 2020-05-29
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Also published as: WO2021014757A1; JP7362739B2; JPWO2021014757A1

Abstract

The invention provides a rope guide device, an electric winch and a crane system. In a conventional endless rope guide for a hoist, it is necessary to change the size of a member constituting an endless loop for a drum having a different diameter. It is difficult to install the rope guides of the same specification. The invention aims to provide a rope guide device which can realize sharing of components. In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a rope guide in which a lower side of a link (44) of an annular rope guide has a smaller curvature than an upper side thereof, is attached to a rope drum (37) around which a rope (36) is wound, and has a roller arm capable of performing position adjustment in the axial direction and an arm capable of performing distance adjustment between the link and the drum.

Description

Rope guiding device, electric winch and crane system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an electric hoist having a rope guide and a crane system having the electric hoist. The electric hoist includes a so-called hoist (host).

Background

In factories and the like, electric hoists and cranes with electric hoists are provided which move suspended weights in the vertical direction and move the weights along rails provided on the ceiling side. The electric hoist and the crane with the electric hoist are provided with traveling motors, and by driving the traveling motors, the electric hoist and the crane with the electric hoist move along the rail. The hoist is provided with a rope reel on which a rope is wound, and the rope reel is rotated by the motor. As such an electric hoist and a crane with an electric hoist, for example,

patent documents

1 and 2 are known.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: U.S. patent application publication No. US2017/0240392

Patent document 2: japanese patent No. 5814722

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention

The invention described in patent document 1 can use the rope guide for rope drums having different diameters. However, when actually attached to a cable drum having a large diameter in a part thereof, since the outer side and the inner side have the same curvature, the width of the cross-sectional shape of the connected rope guide main body is increased in order to rotate the guide roller on the cable drum. A sufficient space is required between the cable drum and the frame, and there is a problem of an increase in size. In addition, in the case where the relative position of the guide roller and the body of the rope guide is fixed, and the diameter of the rope (e.g., steel cable) or the height of the rope drum groove is changed, the rope guide body comes into contact with the rope drum or the rope. In this case, it is necessary to use components of different sizes, and a problem arises that components of a single size cannot be used in common.

In addition, the invention described in patent document 2 describes a crane traveling device in which the traveling center axes of wheels aligned in the traveling direction can be easily aligned, but no consideration is given to fixing and installing a rope.

As described above, in

patent documents

1 and 2, neither fixation nor installation of the cable is considered, and flexibility and versatility are not considered in the structure of the cable drum. In these conventional techniques, a semicircular groove corresponding to the diameter of a rope is provided in a spiral shape in a rope reel of an electric hoist or a crane having an electric hoist, and the rope is wound along the groove. In the case of a rope guide mounted so as to cover a groove of a rope drum, when the diameter of a rope to be wound or the diameter of the rope drum is changed, the shape of the rope groove is changed. Therefore, it is necessary to fit the curvature dimension of each rope diameter or drum diameter, resulting in a reduction in manufacturing efficiency.

Means for solving the problems

In view of the above, the present invention proposes a rope guide which is composed of a plurality of modules (for example, links) connected to each other in a ring shape and in which the number of the links is set to a number corresponding to the diameter of a rope reel. In this case, the number is preferably increased as the diameter is increased. In addition, an electric hoist including the rope guide device and a crane system having the electric hoist are also one embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, as one embodiment of the present invention, it is included that the outer diameter and the inner diameter of each link are different in numerical value. In this case, the curvature of the outer diameter is preferably smaller than the curvature of the inner diameter (the radius of curvature of the outer diameter is larger).

In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of links are configured to have the same size.

Further, the above configuration can be applied to a cable drum in which the rope guide is attached to the cable drum and the notch portion is provided so as to restrict the movable range of the drawn portion of the wound cable and so as not to move 1 groove or more in the lateral direction.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rope guide that can be applied to various sizes of rope reels, that is, that has flexibility and versatility.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of the entire structure of a crane system with an electric hoist 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of the entire structure of the electric hoist 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an external perspective view of a state in which the rope guide 43 is attached to the rope reel 37 of the electric hoist 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view and a side view of the cord guide 43 of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an external perspective view of the cord guide 43 of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a link 44 of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a link attachment structure of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a cord guide stop 53 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 shows the structure of the support arm 48 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the structure of the support arm 48 of fig. 9 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the cable uplift prevention device 52 of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is an external view of a cable drum 37 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is an external view of the rope guide 43 provided on the rope reel 37 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a rope guide according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 13. The invention is not limited to the examples of the figures.

First, the overall structure of a crane with an electric hoist will be described with reference to fig. 1. The traverse mechanism includes traveling rails 11a and 11b arranged to face each other in pairs, and a crane saddle 20a having a traveling drive wheel 25a and a driven wheel 26a is provided on the traveling rail 11a so as to be movable. A crane saddle 20b having a traveling drive wheel 25b and a driven wheel 26b is provided on the traveling rail 11b so as to be capable of traveling. The crane saddles 20a and 20b are connected to the truss 10.

The truss 10 is provided with an electric trolley 2 movably on the truss 10, and a saddle control unit 12 for controlling crane saddles 20a and 20 b. An electric hoist 1 for vertically moving a heavy object is attached to the electric trolley 2, and the electric hoist 1 has a crane hook 4 for suspending the heavy object. In addition, the electric hoist 1 is provided with a hoist control unit 5 that controls the electric hoist 1 and the electric trolley 2, and an operation input device 3 for operating the crane with the electric hoist.

The system of the present embodiment includes an electric trolley 2, an electric hoist 1, a crane hook 4, and a hoist control section 5.

Next, the operation of the crane with the electric hoist will be described with reference to fig. 1. When an operator inputs an operation using the operation input device 3, the hoist control unit 5 can control the movement of the electric hoist 1 and the electric trolley 2 in accordance with the input control signal, and move the weight attached to the crane hook 4 in the Z direction and the-Z direction or the X direction and the-X direction. Similarly, the saddle control unit 12 can control the movement of the crane saddles 20a and 20b in accordance with the control signal input by the operation input device 3, and can move the weight attached to the crane hook 4 in the Y direction and the-Y direction.

Next, the overall configuration of the electric hoist 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows an example of the cord guide device of the present embodiment.

In fig. 2, the electric hoist 1 includes a rope reel 37 rotatably supported by a shaft 34 inside a hoist frame 30 and rotatably driven by a driving device to reel and reel a rope 36. A motor 31 as a driving device for rotating the rope drum 37, a brake 35 as a braking mechanism of the motor 31, and a speed reducer 40 for adjusting the rotation speed of the rope drum 37 are combined and attached to the outside of the winch frame 30. Therefore, the drive shaft 32 of the motor 31 and the driven shaft 41 of the speed reducer 40 are connected to each other by the coupling 33, and rotation is transmitted. The shaft 34 of the cable drum 37 is connected to the final gear of the speed reducer 40, and the cable drum 37 is rotated by the power of the motor 31.

The rope drum 37 is a cylindrical member that winds and discharges the rope 36, and is rotatably supported by the hoist frame 30. The outer periphery of the cable drum 37 has a groove-like groove into which the cable 36 is fitted. The groove is formed spirally on the outer periphery of the cable drum 37, and the groove is provided so that the groove size changes in accordance with the diameter of the cable 36 and the cable 36 can be regularly arranged without overlapping.

Here, fig. 12 shows an external view of the cable drum 37. The rope 36 can be wound in a groove provided in the rope reel 37. Fig. 3 shows a state in which the rope is wound. Fig. 3 shows a state where the rope guide 43 is attached to the outer peripheral side of the rope drum 37 so as to surround the rope drum 37 and the wound rope 36. When the wound rope 36 is wound and paid out via the rope groove, and when the wound rope is wound or released from the rope groove, the following functions are realized.

The rope guide 43 can wind and release the wound rope 36 along the spiral groove of the rope reel 37 by restricting the position and the operation of the winding and releasing unit, that is, guiding.

When the rope reel 37 is rotated and the wound rope 36 is wound and unwound around the outer periphery of the rope reel 37, the wound rope 36 moves along the rope groove in the longitudinal direction of the reel when wound and unwound thereon. The cable moves to the right or left in the axial direction, and in fig. 4, the cable guide 43 is composed of a link 44, an opposite-side link 45, and a connecting rod 46. The wound rope 36 and the rope guide element at the winding and unwinding position shown in fig. 3 a, and the rope floating preventing device 52 for pressing the wound rope 36 into the rope groove are arranged on the circumference of the rope guide 43. Includes a member configured to move on the surface of the cable drum 37 or the wound cable 36 and to guide the wound cable 36 wound on the cable drum 37 or paid out. The rope guide 43 is a chain-like member including links 44 connected to each other so as to form an annular solid extending entirely around the rope drum 37, and can mount the rope guide, the rope levitation preventing device 52, and the control member.

The rope guide 43 determines the length of the link 44 constituting the rope guide 43 based on a polygon that is cylindrically circumscribed with respect to the cross section of the cable drum having a small diameter. The curvature of the outer side (outer diameter) of the link 44 is based on the curvature of the largest diameter of a cable drum mounted on a smaller diameter. The curvature of the inner side (inner diameter) is set to about half of the outer side. The inside and outside of the link 44 are considered as the inside and the outside, respectively, with respect to the cable drum 37 when the rope guide 43 is configured as the inside and the opposite side as the outside.

Thereby, the rope guide 43 can rotate in the space between the rope reel 37 and the hoist frame 30, and a space for installing the rope floating prevention device 52 can be left. Furthermore, because the inner curvature is small, when attached to a cable drum having a large diameter, the link 44 approaches the cable drum 37. Therefore, even if the links 44 and the connecting rod 46 are added, the rope reel 37 having a large diameter can rotate in the space between the winch frame 30 and the rope reel. In the case where the number of links required is an odd number according to the diameter of the cable drum, the guide rollers are provided symmetrically about the Z axis as shown in fig. 5, and in the case where the number is an even number, the guide rollers are provided so as to skip one link on which the guide rollers are provided, whereby the force for supporting the rope guide is balanced and set at a stable position.

In this example, the curvature of the inner diameter is about half of the curvature of the outer diameter, but the present invention also includes a case where the curvatures are different from each other. Further, the present invention includes a configuration in which the outer diameter has a smaller curvature than the inner diameter (the outer diameter has a larger curvature radius), without being limited to about half. Further, when the curvature of each link 44 is not a constant value (one of the outer side and the inner side is formed of a curve having a plurality of curvatures), a configuration is adopted in which representative values of the outer side and the inner side of the link 44 are used.

The representative value includes a case where any one of the average value, the median, and the plurality of curvatures is used.

Fig. 13 is an external view showing a cable guide 43 formed of a plurality of links 44 provided on the cable drum 37. In this manner, the rope reel 37 is provided so as to be annularly surrounded by the rope guide 43. Because of this arrangement, the links 44 are unified into the same size, and the number of the links 44 is changed according to the shape and size of the cable drum 37 to configure the cable guide 43. This can suppress the cost of manufacturing the link 44 from constituting the cord guide 43 suitable for the cord guide 43.

However, the links 44 may not be the same size. In this case, the rope guide 43 changes the outer and inner curvatures as a whole. The whole refers to using the representative value. The representative value includes using any one of the average value, the median, and the curvature of each link 44.

A perspective view of a single link 44 is shown in fig. 6. As described above, the outer side (lower side in the drawing) of the link 44 has a smaller curvature than the inner side (upper side in the drawing).

Next, the assembly of the cord guide 43 and the details of the main parts will be described with reference to fig. 7 to 11.

First, fig. 7 shows a view during assembly of the cord guide 43 using a plurality of links 44. Fig. 7 shows that the links 44 constituting the cord guide 43 are all members having the same size, and a square hole 44a, which is a square hole, is provided on one side, and is fixed to the connecting rod 46 at the time of assembly. The outer side surface of the square hole 44a has a minute projection 44c, which can increase the friction force and reduce the sliding when connecting with another link 44. The work of attaching to the rope reel 37 becomes simple. A circular hole 44b is provided on the opposite side of the square hole 44a of the link, and the angle can be adjusted when attaching to cable drums having different diameters. The connecting rod 46 has a threaded groove, a square protrusion, and a cylindrical shape at both ends in order from the outside, and is easily distinguished when assembled with the link 44.

One side of the link 44 is formed in a concave shape, and when the link 44 is connected in its entirety, the side surface becomes a solid body having a flat surface. Therefore, it is easy to provide attachments such as the rope guide stopper 53 and the rope uplift preventing device 52, and the position can be adjusted. In addition, the management of components is easy to arrange.

Next, a structure for suppressing the movement in the circumferential direction will be described. In fig. 8, after the rope guide 43 is connected so as to surround the cable drum 37, a rope guide stopper 53 is provided in the link 44 in order to prevent movement in the circumferential direction with respect to the cable drum 37. The cord guide stoppers 53 are attached to two portions of the cord guide 43, contact the upper and lower portions of the frame opening, and are fixed in the circumferential direction. Further, in order to minimize wear on the hoist frame 30 when the rope guide 43 moves in the axial direction, the frame upper guide roller 55 is also provided at a position in contact with the hoist frame 30 so as to roll on the edge of the frame without sliding. The movement range of the cord guide stopper 53 is limited by 2 holes in the body of the cord guide, and the position of the cord guide stopper can be adjusted within a certain range. By providing the guide roller adjusting plate 57 for attaching the upper frame guide roller 55, the contact position between the upper frame guide roller 55 and the hoist frame 30 can be changed.

Next, the structure of the support arm 48 that supports the rope guide 43 will be described with reference to fig. 9 and 10. Fig. 9 is a diagram of the support arm 48 after assembly, and fig. 10 is a diagram of the components constituting the support arm before assembly, that is, before drawing the components separately. In the following, reference is made to these two figures. The support arm 48 supporting the rope guide 43 is supported by a structure having a spring, and the rope guide 43 can be set to an appropriate distance for a change in diameter within a certain range so that the center axis of the rope guide 43 is aligned with the center axis of the rope drum 37. Further, the rotation shaft 49 of the arm to which the guide roller 51 is attached is movable in the axial direction, and the guide roller 51 can be rotated at the center line of the groove even if the distance between the grooves of the rope reel groove is changed. The arm is shaped so that the position of the arm in the direction of the rotation axis can be adjusted between the links on the rotation axis 49 of the arm. The rotation shaft fixed to the body of the rope guide 43 is circular truncated cone-shaped, and a connector 50 having a slope on the inner side is provided so that the slope of the adjustment position matches the upper and lower diameters, and the outer side is formed into a flat cylindrical shape. Then, the rotation shaft of the arm is fitted to the outside of the connector 50, the pressure contact spring 56 is provided on the thin side of the rotation shaft, the rotation shaft 49 of the arm of the support arm 48 is supported by being pressed to a specific position, and the frame upper guide roller 55 can be kept rolling on the center line of the rope groove.

The support arm 48 supporting the cord guide 43 is always in a state of being applied with a spring force. The connecting spring 47 is fixed to the rotating shaft 49 of the support arm 48 and the connecting rod 46, and the other spring arm is urged through a hole of the support arm 48. For large capacity cable drums, the distance between the installed rope guide and the cable drum is relatively far compared to the distance when installed on a small capacity cable drum. However, since the number of support arms 48 for supporting is increased, the alignment of the center axes can be maintained.

Since the height and diameter of the spool groove vary depending on the cable used, it is difficult to move the guide roller to the axial center of the spool groove, but instead, the support arm 48 can be moved between the links 44 to adjust the position. In order to ensure that the guide roller 51 mounted on the support arm 48 always moves along the center of the rope groove, the rotation shaft of the support arm 48 is restricted by a compression spring.

A guide roller 51 is attached to the support arm 48. The width of the guide roller 51 is based on the small outer diameter rope reel groove. Rolling on the rope reel groove. The groove of the rope reel having a large diameter has a higher height, but the width of the groove becomes large, and even if the portions of the support arms 48 supporting the guide rollers 51 intersect when viewed from the side, the edges of the rope groove actually leave a certain distance from the portions supporting the guide rollers 51. Therefore, the guide roller 51 can be used without contact.

Fig. 11 shows the structure of the cable floating prevention device 52 of the present embodiment. The rope guide 43 is provided with a rope floating prevention device 52, and the distance of the gap between the rope floating prevention device 52 and the rope 36 is usually smaller than the depth of the rope reel groove, so that the rope 36 can be prevented from falling out of the groove. Because it functions in the event of a fall out of the groove, it is generally not in direct contact with the cable 36, avoiding wear of the cable 36. In addition, since the cable floating prevention device 52 can adjust the set position height within a certain range, it is possible to realize a function even if the diameter of the cable is changed.

In the case of applying this embodiment, when mounted on the inventive cable drum 37 having a large diameter, even if the number of the links 44 is increased, the links 44 can approach the cable drum 37 in the center line direction because the curvature of the lower sides of the links is small. Therefore, the guide roller 51 supporting the rope guide 43 can match the center axis of the rope guide 43 with the center axis of the rope drum 37 by the force of the spring without increasing the distance from the rope drum 37.

As described above, the rope guide is a device conforming to the diameter of the rope drum, and guides the paying-out of the rope by rotating on the rope drum while surrounding the rope drum. In this case, the rope guides made of members having different sizes are required for the rope drums having different diameters. The rope guide body, which is composed of modules having different curvatures on the upper side and the lower side, is supported by a guide roller whose supporting height can be adjusted. Therefore, the rope guide formed of the same-sized member can surround the rope drums having different diameters, and can guide the paying-off of the rope.

Therefore, the rope guide body can be assembled using the same member for the rope reels having different diameters. The rope guide can be easily installed, the safety in use can be improved, and the work efficiency of the fixing and installing work can be improved. In addition, in the present embodiment, by solving the above-described problems and using a plurality of members having the same size, it is possible to provide a rope guide free from size restrictions due to the diameter of the rope or the diameter of the drum, thereby improving the production efficiency.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications.

The above-described embodiments are described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not limited to the embodiments including all the configurations described. For example, in the present embodiment, the configuration in which the number of links corresponding to the diameter of the cable drum is provided is described, but the size or shape of other portions may be used as a reference. Further, other span representations such as radius, diameter, minor diameter, major diameter, and the like may be used.

Description of the reference numerals

1 … … electric hoist, 2 … … electric trolley, 3 … … operation input device, 4 … … crane hook, 5 … … hoist control part, 10 … … truss, 11a, 11b … … running rail, 12 … … saddle control part, 20a, 20b … … hoist saddle, 25a, 25b … … running driving wheel, 26a, 26b … … driven wheel, 27 … … drum shaft, 26 … … bearing, 2830 … … machine frame, 31 … … motor, 32 … … driving shaft, 33 … … coupling, 34 … … shaft, 35 … … brake, 36 rope 36 … …, 37 … … rope drum, 40 … … reducer, 41 … … driven shaft, 42a, 42b … … gear, 43 … … guide, 44 … … link, link on the opposite side of 45 … …, 46 … … connecting rod, 47 … … connecting spring, support arm of 48 … …, 49 … … supporting arm, 50 … … connector, 51 … … guide roller, 52 … … anti-line float device, 53 … … guide line stopper, 54 … … line holding device, 55 … … frame guide roller, 56 … … compression spring, 57 … … guide roller adjusting plate, 58 … … large capacity cable reel.

Claims

1. A rope guide constituting an electric hoist for moving a heavy object by power, the electric hoist including a rope for transmitting the power and a rope drum rotatably supported by a shaft and rotationally driven by a driving device to wind and reel out the rope, the rope guide characterized in that:

the rope guide is arranged in such a way as to surround the rope drum,

for controlling the position of the take-up and pay-off of the rope to the rope drum,

is formed by a plurality of links connected to one another in an annular manner, the number of which corresponds to the diameter of the cable drum.

2. The cord guide of claim 1, wherein:

the larger the diameter of the cable drum, the larger the number of chain links.

3. The cord guide of claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the values for the outer and inner diameters of the links differ from each other.

4. The cord guide of claim 3, wherein:

the links have an outer diameter with a smaller curvature than the inner diameter.

5. The cord guide of claim 1, wherein:

the plurality of links are each configured to have the same size.

6. An electric hoist for moving a heavy object using power, comprising:

a rope for transmitting the power;

a cable drum rotatably supported by a shaft and rotationally driven by a driving device to wind and reel the cable; and

a rope guide provided so as to surround the rope reel and controlling positions of winding and unwinding of the rope on the rope reel,

the rope guide is formed by a plurality of links connected to each other in an annular shape, and the number of the links corresponds to the diameter of the rope reel.

7. The electric hoist as claimed in claim 6, wherein:

the larger the diameter of the cable drum, the greater the number of chain links of the rope guide.

8. The electric hoist as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that:

9. The electric hoist as claimed in claim 8, wherein:

10. The electric hoist as claimed in claim 6, wherein:

the plurality of links are each configured to have the same size.

11. A crane system having an electric hoist for moving a heavy object by power and a traverse mechanism, characterized in that:

the electric hoist includes:

a rope for transmitting the power;

12. The crane system of claim 11 wherein:

the larger the diameter of the cable drum, the larger the number of chain links of the rope guide.

13. The crane system of claim 11 or 12, wherein:

14. The crane system of claim 13 wherein:

15. The crane system of claim 11 wherein:

the plurality of links are each configured to have the same size.