CN114084569B - Method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on deep aquifer carbon dioxide geological storage - Google Patents
Method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on deep aquifer carbon dioxide geological storage Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 291
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000353097 Molva molva Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035425 carbon utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G5/00—Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on deep aquifer carbon dioxide geological storage, which comprises the following steps: engineering site selection, drilling construction, ground energy storage system arrangement, carbon dioxide transportation and injection production and system operation period monitoring and feedback. The carbon dioxide generated in industrial activities is purified and collected, transported to a selected site through a pipeline or a tank truck, and continuously compressed and injected into a water (salt water) containing layer by utilizing surplus power generated by solar energy and wind energy, so that geological storage and power storage of the carbon dioxide are realized, partial carbon dioxide is extracted from the salt water layer in a power utilization peak period to generate power, and the generated carbon dioxide is reinjected into the water (salt water) containing layer to be stored. The application solves the problems of fluctuation and uncontrollable generation of renewable energy sources and the like while realizing large-scale sealing and storage of carbon dioxide, and is beneficial to promoting energy conservation and emission reduction and high-efficiency utilization of renewable energy sources.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide geological storage and electric energy storage, and relates to a method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on deep aquifer carbon dioxide geological storage.
Background
CO in the atmosphere 2 The increase in the gas content of isothermal chambers is one of the important causes of global warming and frequent climate disasters. In order to realize the carbon peak and the carbon neutralization as soon as possible, on one hand, the CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage, carbon capture and sequestration) technology needs to be advanced and implemented, and on the other hand, the use of fossil energy needs to be continuously reduced, so that renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like are greatly developed. However, the inherent intermittence and instability of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like limit the application of the renewable energy sources in power generation grid connection, and a large number of phenomena of wind abandon and light abandon are caused.
The large-scale electric energy storage technology is one of main measures for solving the problems of output fluctuation and instability of renewable energy sources, and in the existing electric energy storage technology in the world at present, a pumped storage energy storage system and a compressed air energy storage system are two mature 100 WM-level large-scale energy storage technologies. However, the pumped storage power station is limited by the terrain condition, and has limited development potential; the compression heat of the traditional compressed air energy storage system is not recycled, the expansion process depends on the afterburning of fossil fuels such as natural gas, the combusted gas can cause environmental pollution, the energy storage efficiency of the system is low, the air compressibility is low, the energy storage density of the system is low, and the occupied underground space is relatively large when large-scale energy storage is performed.
Therefore, a new carbon dioxide energy storage method and system are needed to be provided for aiming at the defects of the traditional compressed air energy storage technology at present based on the starting point of realizing carbon dioxide emission reduction and renewable energy efficient utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the aim, the application provides a method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on deep aquifer carbon dioxide geological sequestration, which combines the two important practical requirements of carbon capture, utilization and sequestration and large-scale energy storage technology, thereby reducing CO in the atmosphere 2 Greatly reduces the output of renewable energy sources such as wind, light and the like generated by large-scale grid connectionImpact on a power grid caused by force fluctuation and instability is relieved, peak load power supply pressure is relieved, physical property advantages of supercritical carbon dioxide are fully utilized, compression heat is recovered, carbon dioxide in a heating expansion process is recovered, the whole system is guaranteed to have higher energy storage density and energy storage efficiency, and the problems in the prior art are solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is that the method for storing compressed carbon dioxide energy on the geological storage of the carbon dioxide in the deep aquifer comprises the following steps:
step S1, selecting engineering sites;
s2, performing drilling pipeline construction on an engineering site selected by a site, wherein the drilling pipeline is divided into working wells and monitoring wells, the number of the working wells is 2, the distance between the working wells is 50-150 m, the number of the monitoring wells is 2-4, the monitoring wells are arranged on the periphery of each working well, and the distance between each monitoring well and the corresponding working well is 30-100 m;
step S3, arranging a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system: the system comprises a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem, a cold and hot energy storage subsystem, a carbon dioxide sealing subsystem and a power generation and energy release subsystem; the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem is connected with the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem through a pipeline; the heat exchanger group of the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem exchanges heat with the cold and hot energy storage subsystem; the heat exchange occurs between the cold and hot energy storage subsystem and the heat exchanger group of the power generation and energy release subsystem; the power generation and energy release subsystem is connected with the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem through a pipeline;
step S4, capturing, purifying, transporting and injecting carbon dioxide: capturing carbon dioxide discharged by an external carbon dioxide discharge factory (1), purifying the captured carbon dioxide to 99.9%, cooling and pressurizing to a liquid state of-20 ℃, and injecting the compressed carbon dioxide into a carbon dioxide sealing and storing subsystem through a compressed carbon dioxide energy storing subsystem and a cold and hot energy storing subsystem; the compressed carbon dioxide is extracted to the power generation and energy release subsystem through a second working well (26) of the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem to generate power and release energy;
step S5, monitoring and feeding back the system operation period: monitoring of dioxygenIndex parameters of the carbon conversion and storage subsystem are used for monitoring a carbon dioxide transportation moving path through a particle tracing technology and monitoring whether CO exists or not through a time-lapse vertical seismic profile logging technology 2 Upward leakage through the upper cladding layer; the index parameters include: underground water quality index, pressure index, temperature index, ground subsidence index and surface carbon dioxide concentration index.
Further, in step S1, the site selection principle for performing site selection of the engineering site is as follows: reasonable source-sink matching, proper reservoir layer combination, stable field geological structure, no development of earthquake, volcanic and active fracture, good target reservoir layer pourability and large target reservoir layer effective storage capacity.
Further, in step S3, the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes a motor, a low-pressure compressor, a medium-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a first throttle valve, which are coaxially connected in sequence; the inlet of the low-pressure compressor is connected with an external carbon dioxide emission factory, and the outlets of the low-pressure compressor, the medium-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor are respectively connected with the inlets at the upper parts of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger; the upper outlets of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are respectively connected with inlets of a medium-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor; the upper outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected with a second working well, and the second working well is connected with a deep aquifer.
Further, in step S3, the cold and hot energy storage subsystem includes a third thermal energy storage tank, a second thermal energy storage tank, a first thermal energy storage tank, a third cold energy storage tank, a second cold energy storage tank, and a first cold energy storage tank; the inlets of the third heat energy storage tank, the second heat energy storage tank and the first heat energy storage tank are respectively connected with the outlets of the lower parts of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger; the outlets of the third heat energy storage tank, the second heat energy storage tank and the first heat energy storage tank are respectively connected with the inlets of the upper parts of the sixth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger; the inlets of the third cold energy storage tank, the second cold energy storage tank and the first cold energy storage tank are respectively connected with the upper outlets of the sixth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger; the outlets of the third cold energy storage tank, the second cold energy storage tank and the first cold energy storage tank are respectively connected with the inlets of the lower parts of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger; the lower inlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected with the second working well.
Further, in step S3, the power generation and energy release subsystem includes a generator, a low-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure turbine, a high-pressure turbine, a fourth heat exchanger, a fifth heat exchanger, a sixth heat exchanger, a second throttle valve, and a third throttle valve, which are coaxially connected in sequence; the inlets of the high-pressure turbine, the medium-pressure turbine and the low-pressure turbine are respectively connected with the lower outlets of the fourth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger; the outlets of the high-pressure turbine and the medium-pressure turbine are respectively connected with the inlets of the lower parts of the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger, the outlet of the low-pressure turbine is connected with the first working well, and the first working well is connected with the shallow aquifer.
Further, in step S3, the carbon dioxide sequestration subsystem includes a first working well, and a first monitoring well and a second monitoring well are respectively disposed at two sides of the first working well; and a third monitoring well and a fourth monitoring well are respectively arranged on two sides of the second working well.
Further, the first working well is accessed into the shallow aquifer through the first subterranean formation and the first overburden; the second working well penetrates through the first underground rock stratum, the first upper covering layer, the shallow water-bearing layer, the second underground rock stratum and the second upper covering layer to be connected into the deep water-bearing layer; the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well respectively penetrate through the first underground rock stratum and the first upper covering layer to be connected into the shallow water-bearing layer; the third monitoring well and the fourth monitoring well respectively penetrate through the first underground rock stratum, the first upper cover layer, the shallow water-bearing layer, the second underground rock stratum and the second upper cover layer to be connected into the deep water-bearing layer.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
(1) The embodiment of the application adopts the deep water (salt water) layer to carry out carbon dioxide geological sequestration, effectively utilizes water (salt water) resources in China and reduces CO in the atmosphere at the same time 2 The emission of the carbon black is slowed down, the carbon peak is reached, and the carbon neutralization is realized.
(2) In the embodiment of the application, the deep water (salt water) layer is adopted as the underground gas storage of the energy storage system, compared with the gas storage of salt caves, abandoned mines, rock caverns and the like, the construction cost of the water (salt water) layer is low, and the water (salt water) layer is widely distributed in China and has weak geological dependence.
(3) According to the embodiment of the application, the supercritical carbon dioxide after heat exchange is injected into the deep water (salt water) layer, and the supercritical carbon dioxide has the advantages of low viscosity, high diffusion coefficient, high density and easily-reached critical point, so that the relatively high energy storage density of the system can be obtained.
(4) According to the embodiment of the application, the heat energy storage tank and the cold energy storage tank are adopted for storing and recycling the heat energy and the cold energy in the compression process and the expansion process, so that the closed loop circulation of the system is realized, fossil fuel is not required to provide a heat source, and the energy storage efficiency of the system is greatly improved.
(5) Compared with a single carbon dioxide water (salt water) layer sealing system or a deep water (salt water) layer laminated carbon dioxide energy storage system, the embodiment of the application has better economic benefit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system developed on the geological sequestration of carbon dioxide in a deep water (salt water) bearing layer according to the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal construction deep aquifer compressed carbon dioxide sequestration in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a deep aquifer compressed carbon dioxide sequestration with a anticline configuration according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: a 1-carbon dioxide emission plant, a 2-motor, a 3-low pressure compressor, a 4-first heat exchanger, a 5-medium pressure compressor, a 6-second heat exchanger, a 7-high pressure compressor, an 8-third heat exchanger, a 9-first cold energy storage tank, a 10-first heat energy storage tank, an 11-fourth heat exchanger, a 12-high pressure turbine, a 13-second cold energy storage tank, a 14-second heat energy storage tank, a 15-fifth heat exchanger, a 16-medium pressure turbine, a 17-third cold energy storage tank, a 18-third heat energy storage tank, a 19-sixth heat exchanger, a 20-low pressure turbine, a 21-generator, a 22-first throttle valve, a 23-second throttle valve, a 24-third throttle valve, a 25-first work well, a 26-second work well, a 27-first subterranean formation, a 28-first overburden, a 29-shallow aquifer, a 30-second subterranean formation, a 31-second overburden, a 32-deep aquifer, a 33-first monitor well, a 34-second monitor well, a 35-third monitor well, a 35-fourth monitor well, a 36.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The application discloses a method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on geological storage of deep water (salt water) layer carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, according to the site selection principle that source and sink matching is reasonable, reservoir layer combination is proper, field geological structure is stable, earthquake, volcanic and active fracture do not develop, target reservoir layer pourability is good, and effective storage capacity of the target reservoir layer is large, engineering site selection is carried out;
reasonable source-sink matching: comprehensively considering the interrelationship between the distribution and scale of the carbon source, the transportation distance of the carbon source, the renewable energy enrichment area and the target injection field so as to minimize the comprehensive economic cost;
the combination of the storage layers is suitable: the reservoir comprises an aqueous reservoir and an overburden; at least 2 sets of reservoir layer combinations; reservoir layer combinations are horizontal (as in fig. 2) or anticline geologic formations (as in fig. 3); the uppermost aqueous (salt water) reservoir has a depth of at least 800m, an aqueous reservoir thickness of at least 20m, and an aqueous reservoir salinity of at least 0.2%; the breakthrough pressure of the upper covering layer is 1.5-2 times of the hydrostatic pressure of the water-containing reservoir, and the upper covering layer has no geological defects such as faults, cracks, abandoned oil and gas wells and the like;
the aqueous reservoir is divided by depth into a shallow aquifer 29 and a deep aquifer 32;
the target reservoir is well pourable: requiring an aqueous reservoir permeability above 0.01D and a porosity above 0.1;
the effective storage capacity of the target reservoir is large: the requirements of the aquifer on good pore connectivity and the sealing potential of the aquifer are above the level of hundred thousand tons, and the CO can be ensured 2 And the safety sealing is carried out for more than 1000 years.
And S2, performing drilling pipeline construction on the site-selected engineering field, wherein the drilling pipeline is divided into working wells and monitoring wells, the number of the working wells is 2, the distance between the working wells is 50-150 m, the number of the monitoring wells is 2-4, the monitoring wells are arranged on the periphery of each working well, and the distance between each monitoring well and the corresponding working well is 30-100 m.
Step S3, arranging a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system: the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem, a cold and hot energy storage subsystem, a carbon dioxide sealing subsystem and a power generation and energy release subsystem; the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem is connected with the pipeline carbon dioxide sealing and storing subsystem; the heat exchanger group of the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem exchanges heat with the cold and hot energy storage subsystem; the heat exchange occurs between the cold and hot energy storage subsystem and the heat exchanger group of the power generation and energy release subsystem; the power generation and energy release subsystem is connected with the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem through a pipeline.
According to the application, the large-scale carbon dioxide geological storage is carried out and the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage is carried out, and the stored carbon dioxide can be used for generating electricity and releasing energy, and is not a pure carbon dioxide salty water layer storage or compressed carbon dioxide energy storage, so that the combination of carbon storage and carbon utilization is effectively realized.
A compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem comprising: a motor 2, a low pressure compressor 3, a medium pressure compressor 5, a high pressure compressor 7, a first heat exchanger 4, a second heat exchanger 6, a third heat exchanger 8 and a first throttle valve 22; the motor 2 is coaxially connected with the low-pressure compressor 3, the medium-pressure compressor 5 and the high-pressure compressor 7 in sequence and is used for compressing the discharged carbon dioxide in a grading manner and injecting the compressed carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem.
The external carbon dioxide emission factory 1 is connected with an inlet of the low-pressure compressor 3 and is used for capturing and transporting the emitted carbon dioxide to the site for low-pressure compression, and the pressure range of the low pressure is 0.1-4 MPa; the outlet of the low-pressure compressor 3 is connected with the upper inlet of the first heat exchanger 4, the carbon dioxide subjected to low-pressure compression exchanges heat through a heat exchange working medium in the first heat exchanger 4, the upper outlet of the first heat exchanger 4 is connected with the inlet of the medium-pressure compressor 5, the carbon dioxide subjected to low-pressure compression subjected to heat exchange by the first heat exchanger 4 enters the medium-pressure compressor 5 through the upper outlet of the first heat exchanger 4 to be subjected to medium-pressure compression, and the medium-pressure range is 4-10 MPa; the outlet of the medium-pressure compressor 5 is connected with the upper inlet of the second heat exchanger 6, the carbon dioxide subjected to medium-pressure compression exchanges heat through a heat exchange working medium in the second heat exchanger 6, the upper outlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure compressor 7, the carbon dioxide subjected to medium-pressure compression subjected to heat exchange of the second heat exchanger 6 enters the high-pressure compressor 7 through the upper outlet of the second heat exchanger 6 for high-pressure compression, the pressure range of the high pressure is 10-30 MPa, the outlet of the high-pressure compressor 7 is connected with the upper inlet of the third heat exchanger 8, the carbon dioxide subjected to high-pressure compression exchanges heat through the heat exchange working medium in the third heat exchanger 8, the upper outlet of the third heat exchanger 8 is connected with the second working well 26, the second working well 26 penetrates into the deep aquifer 32, and the high-pressure compressed carbon dioxide subjected to heat exchange of the third heat exchanger 8 is directly injected into the deep aquifer 32 for sealing; a first throttle valve 22 is provided in the conduit between the third heat exchanger 8 and the second working well 26 for regulating the pressure and keeping the injection pressure constant.
The multistage compression device of the compression carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem is used for carrying out heat exchange through the heat exchanger group, and the exchanged heat is stored in the Leng Reneng storage subsystem, so that the heat released in the carbon dioxide compression energy storage process is used for supplementing the heat of the gas in the subsequent power generation process, and the energy storage efficiency of the system is effectively improved through the cyclic utilization of heat energy and cold energy without depending on the afterburning of fossil fuels such as natural gas and the like.
The cold and hot energy storage subsystem comprises a third heat energy storage tank 18, a second heat energy storage tank 14, a first heat energy storage tank 10, a third cold energy storage tank 17, a second cold energy storage tank 13 and a first cold energy storage tank 9; the heat exchange working medium in each heat energy storage tank and each cold energy storage tank is water or oil.
The lower outlet of the first heat exchanger 4 is connected with a third heat energy storage tank 18, the third heat energy storage tank 18 is used for storing high-temperature heat exchange working media after heat exchange, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat exchange working media is 100-600 ℃, the third heat energy storage tank 18 is connected with the upper inlet of a sixth heat exchanger 19 and is used for transmitting the high-temperature heat exchange working media after heat exchange to the sixth heat exchanger 19, the upper outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 19 is connected with the inlet of a third cold energy storage tank 17, the third cold energy storage tank 17 is used for storing low-temperature heat exchange working media after heat exchange, the temperature range of the low-temperature heat exchange working media is 0-100 ℃, and the outlet of the third cold energy storage tank 17 is connected with the lower inlet of the first heat exchanger 4 and is used for transmitting the low-temperature heat exchange working media into the first heat exchanger 4; the lower outlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is connected with a second heat energy storage tank 14, and the second heat energy storage tank 14 is used for storing high-temperature heat exchange working media after heat exchange; the second heat energy storage tank 14 is connected with an upper inlet of the fifth heat exchanger 15 and is used for transmitting the stored high-temperature heat exchange working medium to the fifth heat exchanger 15, an upper outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 15 is connected with an inlet of the second cold energy storage tank 13, the second cold energy storage tank 13 is used for storing the low-temperature heat exchange working medium after heat exchange, and an outlet of the second cold energy storage tank 13 is connected with a lower inlet of the second heat exchanger 6 and is used for transmitting the low-temperature heat exchange working medium to the second heat exchanger 6; the lower outlet of the third heat exchanger 8 is connected with a first heat energy storage tank 10, the first heat energy storage tank 10 is used for storing high-temperature heat exchange working media after heat exchange, the first heat energy storage tank 10 is connected with the upper inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 11 and is used for transmitting the high-temperature heat exchange working media after heat exchange to the fourth heat exchanger 11, the upper outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 11 is connected with the inlet of the first cold energy storage tank 9, the first cold energy storage tank 9 is used for storing low-temperature heat exchange working media after heat exchange, and the outlet of the first cold energy storage tank 9 is connected with the lower inlet of the third heat exchanger 8 and is used for transmitting the low-temperature heat exchange working media into the third heat exchanger 8; the lower inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 11 is connected with the second working well 26 for collecting compressed carbon dioxide stored in the deep aquifer 32, and a second throttle valve 23 is arranged on the pipeline between the second working well 26 and the fourth heat exchanger 11.
The heat exchange working medium stored in the heat energy storage tank flows through the heat exchanger to heat the extracted compressed carbon dioxide in the process of generating electricity and releasing energy, the heat exchange working medium after heat exchange is stored in the cold energy storage tank, and the heat energy and the cold energy are recycled without an external heat source, so that the environment pollution is small, and the energy storage efficiency of the system is effectively improved.
The power generation and release subsystem comprises a generator 21, a low-pressure turbine 20, an intermediate-pressure turbine 16, a high-pressure turbine 12, a fourth heat exchanger 11, a fifth heat exchanger 15, a sixth heat exchanger 19, a second throttle valve 23 and a third throttle valve 24; the generator 21 is sequentially and coaxially connected with the low-pressure turbine 20, the medium-pressure turbine 16 and the high-pressure turbine 12; the lower outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 11 is connected with the high-pressure turbine 12, the pressure range of high pressure is 30-20 MPa, the outlet of the high-pressure turbine 12 is connected with the lower inlet of the fifth heat exchanger 15 for heating carbon dioxide, the lower outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 15 is connected with the medium-pressure turbine 16, and the pressure range of medium pressure is 20-15 MPa; the outlet of the medium-pressure turbine 16 is connected with the lower inlet of the sixth heat exchanger 19, the lower outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 19 is connected with the low-pressure turbine 20, the low-pressure turbine 20 is connected with the first working well 25, and the pressure range of the low pressure is 15 MPa-7.5 MPa; the first working well 25 is connected to a shallow aquifer 29; a third throttle valve 24 is provided in the pipeline between the low pressure turbine 20 and the first working well 25, and carbon dioxide treated by the high pressure turbine 12, the medium pressure turbine 16 and the low pressure turbine 20 is injected into the shallow aquifer 29 in a supercritical state.
A carbon dioxide sequestration subsystem comprising a first working well 25, a second working well 26, a first monitoring well 33, a second monitoring well 34, a third monitoring well 35, a fourth monitoring well 36, a first subterranean formation 27, a first overburden 28, a shallow aquifer 29, a second subterranean formation 30, a second overburden 31, a deep aquifer 32; a first monitoring well 33 and a second monitoring well 34 are respectively arranged at two sides of the first working well 25; a third monitoring well 35 and a fourth monitoring well 36 are respectively arranged at two sides of the second working well 26; the monitoring well is used to monitor carbon dioxide migration and leakage.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a first working well 25 is accessing a shallow aquifer 29 through a first subterranean formation 27 and a first overburden 28; the second working well 26 passes through the first underground rock stratum 27, the first upper cover layer 28, the shallow water-bearing layer 29, the second underground rock stratum 30 and the second upper cover layer 31 to be connected into the deep water-bearing layer 32, and the shallow water-bearing layer 29 and the deep water-bearing layer 32 are used for injecting and extracting carbon dioxide; the first monitoring well 33 and the second monitoring well 34 are the same as the first working well 25, and also penetrate through the first underground rock layer 27 and the first upper covering layer 28 to be connected into the shallow water-bearing layer 29, so as to monitor the pore pressure, the temperature and the water quality change condition of the shallow water-bearing layer 29 and monitor the migration and leakage condition of carbon dioxide; the third monitoring well 35 and the fourth monitoring well 36 are the same as the second working well 26, and also penetrate through the first underground rock stratum 27, the first upper cover layer 28, the shallow water-bearing layer 29, the second underground rock stratum 30 and the second upper cover layer 31 to be connected into the deep water-bearing layer 32, so as to monitor the pore pressure, the temperature and the water quality change condition of the deep water-bearing layer 32 and monitor the migration and leakage condition of carbon dioxide; the first upper cover layer 28 and the second upper cover layer 31 serve to prevent carbon dioxide from migrating out of the aqueous (salt water) sequestration zone.
The working process for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on the geological storage of the deep aquifer carbon dioxide comprises the following steps:
when electricity is used for off-peak and surplus electric energy is surplus, carbon dioxide discharged by the external carbon dioxide discharge factory 1 is subjected to multistage compression treatment through a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem, specifically, the carbon dioxide discharged by the external carbon dioxide discharge factory 1 is captured and transported to the site, then the carbon dioxide sequentially passes through the low-pressure compressor 3, the medium-pressure compressor 5 and the high-pressure compressor 7 to be subjected to multistage compression treatment, and the multistage compressed carbon dioxide enters a deep water (salt water) layer through a pipeline to be stored, specifically, the multistage compressed carbon dioxide enters a deep water-bearing layer 32 through the second working well 26 to be stored.
The heat generated by the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem is stored in the Leng Reneng storage subsystem through the heat exchanger group, the heat energy storage tank stores the high-temperature heat exchange working medium after heat exchange, and the cold energy storage tank stores the low-temperature heat exchange working medium after heat exchange.
The specific process of generating electricity and releasing energy by the power generation and releasing energy subsystem through the compressed carbon dioxide and the energy stored in the cold and hot energy storage subsystem is as follows: in the peak period of electricity consumption, high-pressure carbon dioxide stored in the deep aquifer 32 is extracted through the second working well 26, is regulated in pressure through the second throttle valve 23, enters the fourth heat exchanger 11 at constant pressure, then sequentially passes through the high-pressure turbine 12, the medium-pressure turbine 16 and the low-pressure turbine 20 to perform multistage expansion power generation, enters each stage of heat exchanger to absorb heat before entering the turbines, and carbon dioxide gas generated by the low-pressure turbine 20 at the last stage is regulated in pressure through the third throttle valve 24 and is injected into the shallow aquifer 29 through the pipeline and the first working well 25 to be sealed.
Step S4, capturing, purifying, transporting and injecting carbon dioxide: capturing carbon dioxide discharged by an external carbon dioxide discharge factory 1, purifying the captured carbon dioxide to 99.9%, cooling and pressurizing to a liquid state of-20 ℃, and injecting the compressed carbon dioxide into a carbon dioxide sealing and storing subsystem through a compressed carbon dioxide energy storing subsystem and a cold and hot energy storing subsystem; the compressed carbon dioxide is pumped to the power generation and energy release subsystem for power generation and energy release through the second working well 26 of the carbon dioxide sequestration subsystem.
Step S5, monitoring and feeding back the system operation period: monitoring index parameters of a carbon dioxide sequestration subsystem, monitoring carbon dioxide transport movement paths by particle tracing technology, monitoring presence of CO by time-lapse vertical seismic profile logging (VSP) 2 Upward leakage through the upper cladding layer;
the index parameters include: underground water quality index, pressure index, temperature index, ground subsidence index and surface carbon dioxide concentration index.
It is noted that in the present application, relational terms such as first, second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. The method for storing compressed carbon dioxide energy on the geological storage of the deep aquifer carbon dioxide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, selecting engineering sites;
s2, performing drilling pipeline construction on a site-selected engineering field, wherein the drilling pipeline is divided into working wells and monitoring wells, the number of the working wells is 2, the interval between the working wells is 50-150 m, the number of the monitoring wells is 2-4, the monitoring wells are arranged on the periphery of each working well, and the distance between each monitoring well and the corresponding working well is 30-100 m;
step S3, arranging a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system: the system comprises a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem, a cold and hot energy storage subsystem, a carbon dioxide sealing subsystem and a power generation and energy release subsystem; the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem is connected with the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem through a pipeline; the heat exchanger group of the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem exchanges heat with the cold and hot energy storage subsystem; the heat exchange occurs between the cold and hot energy storage subsystem and the heat exchanger group of the power generation and energy release subsystem; the power generation and energy release subsystem is connected with the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem through a pipeline;
step S4, capturing, purifying, transporting and injecting carbon dioxide: capturing carbon dioxide discharged by an external carbon dioxide discharge factory (1), purifying the captured carbon dioxide to 99.9%, cooling and pressurizing to a liquid state of-20 ℃, and injecting the compressed carbon dioxide into a carbon dioxide sealing and storing subsystem through a compressed carbon dioxide energy storing subsystem and a cold and hot energy storing subsystem; the compressed carbon dioxide is extracted to the power generation and energy release subsystem through a second working well (26) of the carbon dioxide sealing subsystem to generate power and release energy;
step S5, monitoring and feeding back the system operation period: index parameters of a carbon dioxide sealing subsystem are monitored, a carbon dioxide transportation moving path is monitored through a particle tracing technology, and whether CO exists or not is monitored through a time-lapse vertical seismic profile logging technology 2 Upward leakage through the upper cladding layer; the index parameters include: underground water quality index, pressure index, temperature index, ground subsidence index and surface carbon dioxide concentration index;
in step S3, the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage subsystem includes a motor (2), a low-pressure compressor (3), a medium-pressure compressor (5), a high-pressure compressor (7), a first heat exchanger (4), a second heat exchanger (6), a third heat exchanger (8) and a first throttle valve (22) which are coaxially connected in sequence; the inlet of the low-pressure compressor (3) is connected with an external carbon dioxide emission factory (1), and the outlets of the low-pressure compressor (3), the medium-pressure compressor (5) and the high-pressure compressor (7) are respectively connected with the inlets of the upper parts of the first heat exchanger (4), the second heat exchanger (6) and the third heat exchanger (8); the upper outlets of the first heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (6) are respectively connected with inlets of a medium-pressure compressor (5) and a high-pressure compressor (7); the upper outlet of the third heat exchanger (8) is connected with a second working well (26), and the second working well (26) is connected with a deep aquifer (32);
in step S3, the cold and hot energy storage subsystem includes a third thermal energy storage tank (18), a second thermal energy storage tank (14), a first thermal energy storage tank (10), a third cold energy storage tank (17), a second cold energy storage tank (13), and a first cold energy storage tank (9); the inlets of the third heat energy storage tank (18), the second heat energy storage tank (14) and the first heat energy storage tank (10) are respectively connected with the lower outlets of the first heat exchanger (4), the second heat exchanger (6) and the third heat exchanger (8); the outlets of the third heat energy storage tank (18), the second heat energy storage tank (14) and the first heat energy storage tank (10) are respectively connected with the inlets at the upper parts of the sixth heat exchanger (19), the fifth heat exchanger (15) and the fourth heat exchanger (11); the inlets of the third cold energy storage tank (17), the second cold energy storage tank (13) and the first cold energy storage tank (9) are respectively connected with the upper outlets of the sixth heat exchanger (19), the fifth heat exchanger (15) and the fourth heat exchanger (11); the outlets of the third cold energy storage tank (17), the second cold energy storage tank (13) and the first cold energy storage tank (9) are respectively connected with the inlets at the lower parts of the first heat exchanger (4), the second heat exchanger (6) and the third heat exchanger (8); the lower inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (11) is connected with a second working well (26);
in step S3, the power generation and release subsystem includes a generator (21), a low-pressure turbine (20), a medium-pressure turbine (16), a high-pressure turbine (12), a fourth heat exchanger (11), a fifth heat exchanger (15), a sixth heat exchanger (19), a second throttle valve (23), and a third throttle valve (24) which are coaxially connected in sequence; the inlets of the high-pressure turbine (12), the medium-pressure turbine (16) and the low-pressure turbine (20) are respectively connected with the lower outlets of the fourth heat exchanger (11), the fifth heat exchanger (15) and the sixth heat exchanger (19); the outlets of the high-pressure turbine (12) and the medium-pressure turbine (16) are respectively connected with the inlets of the lower parts of the fifth heat exchanger (15) and the sixth heat exchanger (19), the outlet of the low-pressure turbine (20) is connected with a first working well (25), and the first working well (25) is connected with a shallow aquifer (29);
in step S3, the carbon dioxide sequestration subsystem includes a first working well (25), and a first monitoring well (33) and a second monitoring well (34) are respectively disposed at two sides of the first working well (25); a third monitoring well (35) and a fourth monitoring well (36) are respectively arranged at two sides of the second working well (26).
2. The method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on deep aquifer carbon dioxide geological storage according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the site selection principle of the engineering site selection is as follows: reasonable source-sink matching, proper reservoir layer combination, stable field geological structure, no development of earthquake, volcanic and active fracture, good target reservoir layer pourability and large target reservoir layer effective storage capacity.
3. Method for developing compressed carbon dioxide energy storage on deep aquifer carbon dioxide geological storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the first working well (25) is accessing a shallow aquifer (29) through a first subterranean formation (27) and a first upper overburden (28); the second working well (26) passes through the first underground rock stratum (27), the first upper cover layer (28), the shallow water-bearing layer (29), the second underground rock stratum (30) and the second upper cover layer (31) to be connected into the deep water-bearing layer (32); the first monitoring well (33) and the second monitoring well (34) respectively penetrate through the first underground rock stratum (27) and the first upper covering layer (28) to be connected into the shallow water-bearing layer (29); the third monitoring well (35) and the fourth monitoring well (36) respectively penetrate through the first underground rock stratum (27), the first upper cover layer (28), the shallow water-bearing layer (29), the second underground rock stratum (30) and the second upper cover layer (31) to be connected into the deep water-bearing layer (32).
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