CN113834860A - In-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device and early warning method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device and an early warning method, wherein the early warning device comprises a resistance component and a data acquisition component; the resistance assembly comprises a sampling resistor and a temperature compensation resistor, the material of the sampling resistor and the material of the temperature compensation resistor are the same as that of the outer layer of the grounding electrode, the sampling resistor is exposed in the same corrosion environment as the grounding electrode, and the temperature compensation resistor is sealed to avoid corrosion; the data acquisition assembly is connected with the resistance assembly and used for acquiring the real-time resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor. According to the invention, the thickness loss of the grounding electrode is calculated by measuring the resistance value changes of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor, so that the failure of the grounding electrode is accurately early warned. Compared with the prior art, the invention overcomes the complexity of soil environment and corrosion condition, and has the advantages of convenient loading, simple use, low energy consumption, high precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of operation and monitoring of power transmission and transformation equipment, in particular to an in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device and an early warning method.
Background
With the continuous development and progress of society, the national demand for energy sources is greater, the number of extra-high voltage power grids and the capacities of power transmission lines and power generation (transformation) stations are increased, and the national 'west-east power transmission' project is to build unprecedented numbers of power transmission networks and power generation (transformation) stations. In order to maintain the normal operation of the power grid and meet the requirements of lightning protection and work and safety, grounding devices are installed at the sites. The grounding electrode in the grounding device is the most critical part and plays a role of leading large current into the ground, if the grounding electrode damages the current leakage function and fails, the electrical equipment connected with the grounding electrode is at any time in danger of overload, and once safety accidents such as fire, explosion and the like are caused, huge loss can be generated.
The grounding electrode is generally a metal mesh or a metal rod made of galvanized steel or copper-clad steel and is buried underground for use. The action of the current during the leakage current can cause the corrosion of the grounding electrode, and meanwhile, because the soil contains certain moisture and salt (the content in a special geological environment is extremely high) and microorganisms, stray current exists in the soil near the power station, and the like, the corrosion of the grounding electrode can also be caused. The corrosion is the most main reason for the failure of the grounding electrode, the corroded grounding electrode not only has increased resistance to reduce the protection effect, but also has strong galvanic couple effect between the internal steel and the outer layer metal to rapidly accelerate the corrosion once the copper or the zinc on the outer layer of the grounding electrode is corroded and perforated, and finally the whole grounding electrode is dissolved and disappears.
Because the grounding electrode is deeply buried, the corrosion failure of the grounding electrode has complexity and concealment and is difficult to predict and observe simply. The detection means commonly used for the earth pole failure at the present stage is an excavation method, which is a method for estimating the corrosion degree of the earth pole according to the local soil corrosion rate and experience and then randomly picking points to excavate and observe. Other detection methods, such as X-ray or ultrasonic detection, not only consume large energy, but also cannot monitor in real time, and the test result is affected by the depth of embedding, soil quality and the like. The method for analyzing the loss condition of the grounding electrode by measuring the grounding resistance (soil resistance) is obviously influenced by the soil quality, seasonal variation and even measurement direction, not only has technical difficulty, but also cannot ensure the precision, and sometimes the grounding resistance has no obvious change when the grounding electrode is completely lost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an in-situ real-time earth electrode failure early warning device and an early warning method, which can overcome the complexity of soil environment and corrosion situation, are convenient to load, simple to use, and low in energy consumption, and can provide early warning function for field electrical equipment such as power generation (transformation) station.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following solutions:
on one hand, the in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device is provided and comprises a resistance component and a data acquisition component; the resistance assembly comprises a sampling resistor and a temperature compensation resistor, the material of the sampling resistor and the material of the temperature compensation resistor are the same as that of the outer layer of the grounding electrode, the sampling resistor is exposed in the same corrosion environment as the grounding electrode, and the temperature compensation resistor is sealed to avoid corrosion; the data acquisition assembly is connected with the resistance assembly and used for acquiring the real-time resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor.
Preferably, the leads in the resistive assembly are integrated into a six-core plug XP6 and are connected to a six-core receptacle XS6 integrated into the leads in the data acquisition assembly.
Preferably, the material of the sampling resistor and the material of the temperature compensation resistor are the same as the material of the outer layer of the grounding electrode, and both the material and the material are pure zinc materials.
Preferably, the temperature compensation resistor is encapsulated with resin or curable glue.
Preferably, the internal connection of the resistance assembly uses a copper wire with an insulating rubber sheet, one end of the resistance assembly is directly connected with the grounding electrode, and the other end of the resistance assembly is grounded.
On one hand, the early warning method based on the in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device comprises the following steps:
s1, embedding the resistance assembly and the grounding electrode into the same soil environment with the same depth, and placing the data acquisition assembly according to requirements without embedding the data acquisition assembly into soil;
s2, when current passes through the device, the data acquisition assembly acquires the resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor in real time;
s3, comparing the resistance value changes of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor, and calculating the corrosion amount of the sampling resistor;
and S4, deducing the corrosion amount of the grounding electrode according to the corrosion amount of the sampling resistor, thereby judging whether the grounding electrode fails.
Preferably, the step S3 specifically includes:
assuming that the resistivity at room temperature is rho, the resistance is before loss, and the length of the sampling resistance is L1The cross section being side length d1Square of (2); the length of the temperature compensation resistor is L2The cross section being side length d2The resistance value of the sampling resistor is R1The resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor is R2(ii) a This time is:
R1＝1000ρL1/d1 2
R2＝1000ρL2/d2 2
setting an error parameter k0And the ratio of the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor to the resistance value of the sampling resistor measured before the test is as follows:
after the device is put into use, the temperature compensation resistor is packaged, the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor changes only according to the temperature change, and the resistance value of the sampling resistor is increased due to corrosion loss;
assuming that the device is used for T days, the temperature is T, the resistivity is rho', and the length of the sampling resistor is still L1The cross section becomes side length d1' square; the length and the section of the temperature compensation resistor are considered to be unchanged and are still L2And side length d2Square of (2); at the moment, the resistance value of the sampling resistor acquired by the data acquisition assembly is R1', the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor is R2', then there are:
R1'＝1000ρ'L1/d1'2
R2'＝1000ρ'L2/d2 2
setting a value k as the ratio of the measured resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor to the resistance value of the sampling resistor;
k＝R2'/R1'
＝[L2/d0 2]/[L1/d1'2]
substituting the error parameter k0Comprises the following steps:
obtaining the section size of the sampling resistor after corrosion loss:
the section loss Δ d of the sampling resistor caused by corrosion loss is as follows:
preferably, the step S4 specifically includes:
when the thickness loss of the grounding electrode exceeds a preset threshold value, the grounding electrode is considered to be failed;
assuming that the preset threshold of the thickness loss of the grounding electrode is D, when the section loss of the sampling resistor is greater than or equal to D, the grounding electrode is considered to be failed, that is:
△d/2≥D
k≤k0(1-2D/d1)2
at this time, the ground electrode fails.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the invention provides an accurate in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device and an early warning method, wherein the device comprises a resistance component and a data acquisition component; the resistance assembly comprises a sampling resistor and a temperature compensation resistor, the material of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor is the same as that of the outer layer of the grounding electrode, the sampling resistor is exposed in the same corrosion environment as the grounding electrode, and the temperature compensation resistor is sealed to avoid corrosion; the data acquisition assembly is used for acquiring the resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor in real time. According to the invention, the thickness loss of the grounding electrode is calculated by measuring the resistance value changes of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor, so that the failure of the grounding electrode is accurately early warned. Compared with the prior art, the invention overcomes the complexity of soil environment and corrosion condition, and has the advantages of convenient loading, simple use, low energy consumption, high precision and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ real-time earth electrode failure early warning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph of resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor collected in the atmospheric environment according to the embodiment of the present invention, which are changed with time and temperature;
fig. 3 is a graph of results obtained from laboratory simulation tests provided by embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention firstly provides an in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device, as shown in figure 1, the device comprises a resistance component and a data acquisition component; the resistor assembly comprises a sampling resistor R1 and a temperature compensation resistor R2, the materials of the sampling resistor R1 and the temperature compensation resistor R2 are the same as the outer layer material of the grounding electrode, and for example, the sampling resistor R1 and the temperature compensation resistor R2 are both made of pure zinc materials; the sampling resistor R1 is exposed to the same corrosion environment as the grounding electrode, and the temperature compensation resistor R2 is sealed to avoid corrosion; the data acquisition assembly is connected with the resistance assembly and is used for acquiring real-time resistance values of the sampling resistor R1 and the temperature compensation resistor R2.
When current flows through the device, the data acquisition assembly acquires the resistance values of the sampling resistor R1 and the temperature compensation resistor R2 in real time, the corrosion amount of the sampling resistor R1 in a corrosion environment is calculated by comparing the resistance value changes of the sampling resistor R1 and the temperature compensation resistor R2, the corrosion amount of the grounding electrode is further acquired, and whether the grounding electrode fails or not is judged.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the leads in the resistor assembly are integrated into a six-core plug XP6 and connected to a six-core socket XS6 integrated into the leads in the data acquisition assembly. During the use, whole resistance module buries the same soil environment of the same degree of depth with the earthing pole in, and whole data acquisition subassembly can place according to the suitable position of demand selection in not burying soil.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature compensation resistor R2 is encapsulated with a resin or a curable adhesive. For example, the sealing can be performed using a sealing liquid prepared from an epoxy resin, butyl phthalate, and ethylenediamine at a mass ratio of 100:12: 7.8.
The internal connection of the resistance component uses a copper wire with an insulating rubber sheet, one end of the resistance component is directly connected with the grounding electrode, and the other end of the resistance component is grounded. Specifically, the internal connection of the resistance assembly uses a copper wire with an insulating rubber sheet and the wire diameter of which is 1.5mm, a lead at one end of the resistance assembly is directly and tightly wound with a grounding electrode after the rubber sheet is removed, and the other end of the resistance assembly is grounded after the rubber sheet is removed.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides an early warning method based on the in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, embedding the resistance assembly and the grounding electrode into the same soil environment with the same depth, and placing the data acquisition assembly according to requirements without embedding the data acquisition assembly into soil;
s2, when current passes through the device, the data acquisition assembly acquires the resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor in real time;
s3, comparing the resistance value changes of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor, and calculating the corrosion amount of the sampling resistor;
and S4, deducing the corrosion amount of the grounding electrode according to the corrosion amount of the sampling resistor, and judging whether the grounding electrode fails.
Wherein, the step S3 specifically includes:
because there are machining errors in practical application, in order to avoid these errors from affecting the final numerical calculation, let the resistivity at room temperature be ρ (unit Ω/m), and before the resistance is not lost, the length of the sampling resistor is L1(unit mm) with a cross-section of side length d1A square (in mm); length of temperature compensation resistor L2(unit mm) with a cross-section of side length d2Square (unit mm), the resistance of the sampling resistor is R1(unit omega) and the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor is R2(unit Ω). This time is:
R1＝1000ρL1/d1 2
R2＝1000ρL2/d2 2
setting an error parameter k0The ratio of the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor measured before the test to the resistance value of the sampling resistor is as follows:
after the device is put into use, the temperature compensation resistor is packaged, the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor changes only according to the temperature change, and the resistance value of the sampling resistor is increased due to corrosion loss;
assuming that the temperature is T (unit ℃ C.) and the resistivity is ρ' (unit Ω/m) T days after the device is used, the length of the sampled resistor is L (unit Ω/m) with the assumption that the length is constant1(unit mm) the cross section becomes d1' (unit mm) square; the length and the section of the temperature compensation resistor are considered to be unchanged and are still L2(unit mm) and side length d2Square (in mm). At the moment, the resistance value of the sampling resistor acquired by the data acquisition assembly is R1' (unit omega) and the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor is R2' (unit Ω), then:
R1'＝1000ρ'L1/d1'2
R2'＝1000ρ'L2/d2 2
setting a value k as the ratio of the measured resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor to the resistance value of the sampling resistor;
k＝R2'/R1'
＝[L2/d0 2]/[L1/d1'2]
substituting the error parameter k0Comprises the following steps:
obtaining the section size after corrosion loss of the sampling resistor:
the section loss Δ d (in mm) of the sampling resistor due to corrosion loss is:
further, the step S4 specifically includes:
when the thickness loss of the grounding electrode exceeds a preset threshold value, the grounding electrode is considered to be failed;
assuming that the preset threshold value of the thickness loss of the grounding electrode is D (unit mm), when the section loss of the sampling resistor is more than or equal to D, the grounding electrode is considered to be failed, namely:
△d/2≥D
k≤k0(1-2D/d1)2
at this time, the ground electrode fails.
The technical solution of the present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to laboratory test examples.
In the embodiment, the used grounding electrode is a galvanized steel round steel grounding electrode with the diameter of 2cm, the thickness of the outer layer of metal zinc is about 0.15mm, and the inside of the grounding electrode is plain carbon steel.
The length of the metal wire for designing the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor is 50cm, and the section is 0.8 multiplied by 0.8mm2The material used is pure zinc. Fig. 2 is a graph showing the resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor collected in the atmospheric environment as a function of time and temperature. The internal connection of the resistance component uses a copper wire with an insulating rubber sheet and a wire diameter of 1.5mm, one end of a lead at two ends is tightly wound with the grounding electrode after the rubber sheet is removed, and the other end is grounded after the rubber sheet is removed.
Before the test is started, the weight of the grounding electrode is measured, then the grounding electrode connected with the resistance assembly and the resistance assembly are placed in a test box together, a sodium chloride solution is added into the test box, the grounding electrode and the resistance assembly are immersed, then resistance data acquisition equipment is opened to acquire data, and the test is started. The test period of the experiment is 30 days, and after 30 days, the grounding electrode is taken out, derusted, weighed, loss is calculated, and compared with resistance test data.
The experimental data were analyzed and calculated as follows.
The diameter of earthing pole is 20mm, and length is 90mm, and earthing pole and solution area of contact are:
S＝90πd≈56.52(cm2)
after 30 days of soaking, the weight loss of the grounding electrode is 4.5 mg. The density of the pure zinc is 7.14g/cm3The thickness loss was 0.11 μm in terms of thickness loss.
The thickness D of the zinc coating of the grounding electrode is known to be 0.15mm, and the two sides of the sampling resistor are considered to be thinned by 0.15mm at the same time, namely D0When d' is 0.5mm, defining the grounding electrode failure, the k value of the critical failure of the grounding electrode is:
k＝(1-2D/d0)2＝0.05
FIG. 3 shows the test results of the temperature compensation resistor and the sampling resistor in a laboratory simulation experiment for 30 days, where the resistance of the sampling resistor is R1' 36000 mu omega, and the temperature compensation resistance is R2' -27000 μ Ω, and the grounding electrode k value after 30 days was 0.75. This value is much greater than the ground critical failure value of 0.05. Meanwhile, the thickness loss of the grounding electrode is 0.11 mu m after 30 days and is far lower than the thickness of the pure zinc coating of the grounding electrode by 0.15mm, and the thickness loss data is in accordance with the calculation. Indicating that the grounding electrode did not fail after being soaked in sodium chloride solution for 30 days. According to the obtained result display, the device can well detect the damage of the grounding electrode and can accurately early warn whether the grounding electrode fails or not.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. The in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device is characterized by comprising a resistance assembly and a data acquisition assembly; the resistance assembly comprises a sampling resistor and a temperature compensation resistor, the material of the sampling resistor and the material of the temperature compensation resistor are the same as that of the outer layer of the grounding electrode, the sampling resistor is exposed in the same corrosion environment as the grounding electrode, and the temperature compensation resistor is sealed to avoid corrosion; the data acquisition assembly is connected with the resistance assembly and used for acquiring the real-time resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor.
2. The in-situ real-time earth electrode failure early warning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead wires in the resistor assembly are integrated into a six-core plug XP6 and connected with a six-core socket XS6 integrated with the lead wires in the data acquisition assembly.
3. The in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device of claim 1, wherein the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor are made of the same material as the outer layer of the grounding electrode, and are made of pure zinc.
4. The in-situ real-time earth electrode failure early warning device of claim 1, wherein the temperature compensation resistor is encapsulated with a resin or a curable glue.
5. The in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device of claim 1, wherein the resistor assembly is internally connected with a copper wire with an insulating rubber sheet, one end of the resistor assembly is directly connected with the grounding electrode, and the other end of the resistor assembly is grounded.
6. The early warning method of the in-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device based on any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, embedding the resistance assembly and the grounding electrode into the same soil environment with the same depth, and placing the data acquisition assembly according to requirements without embedding the data acquisition assembly into soil;
s2, when current passes through the device, the data acquisition assembly acquires the resistance values of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor in real time;
s3, comparing the resistance value changes of the sampling resistor and the temperature compensation resistor, and calculating the corrosion amount of the sampling resistor;
and S4, deducing the corrosion amount of the grounding electrode according to the corrosion amount of the sampling resistor, thereby judging whether the grounding electrode fails.
7. The early warning method according to claim 6, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises:
assuming that the resistivity at room temperature is rho, the resistance is before loss, and the length of the sampling resistance is L1The cross section being side length d1Square of (2); the length of the temperature compensation resistor is L2The cross section being side length d2The resistance value of the sampling resistor is R1The resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor is R2(ii) a This time is:
R1＝1000ρL1/d1 2
R2＝1000ρL2/d2 2
setting an error parameter k0And the ratio of the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor to the resistance value of the sampling resistor measured before the test is as follows:
after the device is put into use, the temperature compensation resistor is packaged, the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor changes only according to the temperature change, and the resistance value of the sampling resistor is increased due to corrosion loss;
assuming that the device is used for T days, the temperature is T, the resistivity is rho', and the length of the sampling resistor is still L1The cross section becomes side length d1' square; the length and the section of the temperature compensation resistor are considered to be unchanged and are still L2And side length d2Square of (2); at the moment, the resistance value of the sampling resistor acquired by the data acquisition assembly is R1', the resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor is R2', then there are:
R1′＝1000ρ′L1/d1′2
R2′＝1000ρ′L2/d2 2
setting a value k as the ratio of the measured resistance value of the temperature compensation resistor to the resistance value of the sampling resistor;
k＝R2′/R1′
＝[L2/d0 2]/[L1/d1′2]
substituting the error parameter k0Comprises the following steps:
obtaining the section size of the sampling resistor after corrosion loss:
the section loss Δ d of the sampling resistor due to corrosion loss is:
8. the warning method according to claim 7, wherein the step S4 specifically includes:
when the thickness loss of the grounding electrode exceeds a preset threshold value, the grounding electrode is considered to be failed;
assuming that the preset threshold of the thickness loss of the grounding electrode is D, when the section loss of the sampling resistor is greater than or equal to D, the grounding electrode is considered to be failed, that is:
Δd/2≥D
k≤k0(1-2D/d1)2
at this time, the ground electrode fails.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111039057.9A CN113834860A (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | In-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device and early warning method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111039057.9A CN113834860A (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | In-situ real-time grounding electrode failure early warning device and early warning method |
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