CN112523746A - Cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions - Google Patents
Cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112523746A CN112523746A CN201910876135.7A CN201910876135A CN112523746A CN 112523746 A CN112523746 A CN 112523746A CN 201910876135 A CN201910876135 A CN 201910876135A CN 112523746 A CN112523746 A CN 112523746A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cement sheath
- formation
- stratum
- core
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions, which comprises a simulated shaft system, a stratum rock core simulation system, a stratum fluid injection system, a cross flow detection system, a heating and temperature control system and an acoustic wave well logging analysis system. The system comprises a formation core simulation system, a formation fluid injection system, a channeling detection system, a heating and temperature control system and an acoustic logging analysis system, wherein the formation core simulation system, the formation fluid injection system, the channeling detection system, the heating and temperature control system and the acoustic logging analysis system are respectively connected with a simulated shaft system. The cement sheath sealing test device for simulating the real stratum interface condition can simulate the experimental conditions such as real rock stratum, stratum fluid seepage and the like, and can research the interface evolution rule under the conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, dynamic stratum water, high pressure gas layer, real core interface and the like, thereby further disclosing the long-acting sealing mechanism of the cement sheath under the complex condition and providing guidance and reference for the optimization of related well cementation processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploration, and particularly relates to a cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions.
Background
In the petroleum industry, the main purpose of well cementing operation is to form a complete cement sheath sealing system in the annulus between the casing and the open hole rock stratum, so as to seal off oil, gas and water layers in the well bore, and achieve the aims of supporting the casing and keeping the well bore stable. Therefore, the sealing capability of the cementing cement sheath has a crucial influence on the well construction life of the oil and gas well. Along with the continuous deepening of China in the field of oil and gas exploration and development, the types of high-temperature high-pressure ultra-deep wells, wells with complex structures, unconventional wells, gas storage wells and the like are continuously increased, the underground geology and working condition conditions of well cementation face are increasingly complex, the channeling phenomenon of high-pressure water layers and gas layers occurs occasionally, great challenges are formed on the long-acting sealing capacity of a cement ring, and a technology for further improving the sealing integrity of the cement ring under the complex conditions is needed.
For a casing-cement-rock stratum sealing system, because the oil well cement body has the characteristics of high strength and low permeability, interlayer channeling is not easy to form, and therefore, the sealing capacity of a cement sheath is mainly determined by the interface sealing capacity. The experimental device is limited by well site test conditions, can be used for researching and developing a cement sheath sealing test experimental device capable of simulating real stratum interface conditions, and has important significance for technical research on improving the long-acting sealing capacity of the cement sheath.
At present, the integrity test of a cement sheath integrity indoor experimental device can be basically realized under the condition of the same real formation temperature and pressure, and the crack evolution of a casing-cement stone interface and the cement stone failure process can be simulated. However, for a cement-rock layer interface, due to the existence of the outer cylinder barrel, the existing device cannot fully simulate experimental conditions such as real rock layers, formation fluid seepage and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a cement sheath sealing test device capable of simulating experimental conditions such as real rock stratum and formation fluid seepage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions comprises a simulated shaft system, a stratum core simulation system, a stratum fluid injection system, a cross flow detection system, a heating and temperature control system and an acoustic wave logging analysis system. The system comprises a formation core simulation system, a formation fluid injection system, a channeling detection system, a heating and temperature control system and an acoustic logging analysis system, wherein the formation core simulation system, the formation fluid injection system, the channeling detection system, the heating and temperature control system and the acoustic logging analysis system are respectively connected with a simulated shaft system.
According to the cement sheath sealing test device for simulating the real stratum interface condition, the closed annular space can be simulated through the simulation shaft, and a high-temperature and high-pressure maintenance environment is provided; the formation core simulation system can be used for placing cores such as sandstone, mudstone, shale, salt gypsum rock, carbonate rock, granite and the like so as to simulate a real rock stratum approximately; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of simulating a dynamic formation water and gas curing environment of a cement stone-core interface through a formation fluid injection system; simulating a high-temperature environment of the stratum by using a cross flow detection system; the technology for measuring the cementing quality of the cement sheath by simulating field sound waves through a sound wave logging analysis system. Therefore, the cement sheath sealing test device for simulating the real formation interface condition can research the interface evolution law under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, dynamic formation water, high pressure gas layer, real core interface and the like, further reveal the long-acting sealing mechanism of the cement sheath under the complex condition and provide guidance and reference for the optimization of related well cementation processes.
With respect to the above technical solution, further improvements as described below can be made.
In a preferred embodiment, the simulated wellbore system comprises an outer casing, an inner casing, an upper plug and a lower base. Wherein the inner sleeve is disposed within the outer sleeve. The upper plug is arranged at the top of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. The lower base is arranged at the bottom of the outer layer sleeve and the inner layer sleeve.
The inner and outer steel casing pipes, the base and the upper plug together form a closed annular space for pouring cement. The simulated shaft system with the structure is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, and can well realize a closed annular space. The inner casing is used for simulating a casing for well cementation and can be directly obtained from a casing of a well drilling site, so that the authenticity of an experiment is ensured. The outer casing is mainly used for supporting a stratum core simulation system. The upper plug may be connected to a cross-flow detection system and a formation fluid injection system. The sub-base may be coupled to a formation fluid injection system.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the sub-base is connected to a formation fluid injection pump, and the sub-base is provided with a ground line.
Because the water droplet splashes, overflows to testing arrangement in the experimentation, consequently set up the ground wire on the base down, can prevent testing arrangement electric leakage. In practical operation, an iron wire or an electric wire can be connected to the ground on the lower base.
Specifically, in one preferred embodiment, a formation core simulation system includes a core holder and a confining pressure pressurization pump. The core holder is uniformly arranged on the simulated shaft system along the circumferential direction, and the confining pressure booster pump is respectively connected with the bottom of the core holder and the top of the simulated shaft system.
And the confining pressure booster pump is respectively connected with the bottom of the rock core holder and the upper plug of the simulated shaft and is converted through a valve. When the confining pressure booster pump is connected with the core holder, the core holder can be pressurized to compress the core, and fluid is prevented from flowing through the wall surface of the core-holder. When the confining pressure booster pump is connected with the upper plug of the simulated shaft system, the pressurized maintenance of cement paste can be realized. By disassembling the core holder, the cement sheath-core interface product can be scraped for mineral content (XRD), chemical composition (XRF), granularity, specific surface area analysis and the like.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, a high temperature resistant glue barrel is arranged on the inner wall of the core holder.
Through setting up anti high temperature glue bucket, can ensure that the rock core holder satisfies the highly compressed experimental condition of high temperature to the confining pressure force (forcing) pump of being convenient for exerts pressure to the rock core of arranging in the rock core holder.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the formation fluid injection system includes a formation fluid injection pump and a high pressure nitrogen gas cylinder. And the formation fluid injection pump is respectively connected with the bottom of the simulated wellbore system and the bottom of the formation core simulation system. The high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is connected with the bottom of the simulation shaft system through a pressure dividing valve.
The formation fluid injection system is used for simulating a high-pressure water layer and a gas layer of a rock stratum. And the formation fluid injection pump is respectively connected with the bottom of the cement ring in the simulated shaft and the bottom of the rock core holder and is switched through a valve. When the device is connected with the bottom of the cement sheath, the high-pressure water layer channeling detection of the cement sheath can be realized; when the device is connected with the bottom of the core holder, dynamic formation water curing of a cement stone-core interface can be realized. When the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is connected with the bottom of the cement sheath through the pressure dividing valve, the high-pressure gas layer channeling of the cement sheath can be detected, and when a gas layer channeling experiment needs to be carried out, the nitrogen cylinder switch is opened, and the required pressure can be adjusted through the pressure dividing valve.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the cross-flow detection system includes a high precision electronic antenna and a micro gas flow meter.
And the high-precision electronic balance is used for measuring the flow of an outlet during seepage of the cement core. The micro gas flowmeter is mainly used for metering micro gas.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the blow-by detection system includes a gas-liquid separator and a dryer. The gas-liquid separator is connected with the simulated shaft system, and the dryer is respectively connected with the gas-liquid separator and the gas flowmeter.
Because cement is not completely hydrated when early annular gas channeling occurs in a cement sheath in a simulated shaft system, a large amount of water can be mixed in gas, and the measurement of the real gas flow is influenced, a gas-liquid separator and a dryer are required to be additionally arranged in front of a gas flowmeter. Specifically, the wet gas is first passed through a gas-liquid separator, then the dried gas is passed through a gas flow meter, and the separated liquid is dried by a dryer.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the heating and temperature control system comprises a silicone rubber heating jacket, a temperature controller and a temperature measuring probe.
The heating and temperature control system with the structure is simple in structure, and the environment temperature control in the whole experiment process is convenient to realize, so that the experiment accuracy is ensured.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the temperature controller adopts an artificial intelligence display controller with a PID adjusting function.
The temperature controller with the structure can set the required control temperature at will, has PID adjustment, and can effectively control thermal inertia.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the sonic logging analysis system includes a single stage sonic generator, a sonic mainframe, and a geophone.
The acoustic logging analysis system with the structure can realize that the acoustic generator rotates 360 degrees along the inner wall of the inner sleeve in the simulated shaft system through the electric servo device, and is mainly used for simulating a technology for measuring the cementing quality of a cement sheath by using field acoustic waves. And comprehensively judging the cementation condition of the casing-cement sheath and cement sheath-rock stratum interface by analyzing casing waves, stratum waves and the density distribution of the annular space.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method can simulate experimental conditions such as real rock stratum and stratum fluid seepage, and can research the interface evolution law under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, dynamic stratum water, high pressure gas layer, real core interface and the like, thereby further disclosing the long-acting sealing mechanism of the cement ring under the complex condition and providing guidance and reference for the optimization of related well cementation processes.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an overall unitary frame structure of a seal testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 schematically illustrates the distribution of core holders according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained in detail with reference to the figures and the embodiments without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 schematically shows an overall frame structure of a seal test apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 schematically shows the distribution of core holders 21 according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a cement sheath sealing test device 10 for simulating real formation boundary conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a simulated wellbore system 1, a formation core simulation system 2, a formation fluid injection system 3, a cross-flow detection system 4, a heating and temperature control system 5, and an acoustic logging analysis system 6. The formation core simulation system 2, the formation fluid injection system 3, the cross flow detection system 4, the heating and temperature control system 5 and the acoustic logging analysis system 6 are respectively connected with the simulated shaft system 1. According to the cement sheath sealing test device for simulating the real stratum interface condition, the closed annular space can be simulated through the simulation shaft, and a high-temperature and high-pressure maintenance environment is provided; the formation core simulation system can be used for placing cores such as sandstone, mudstone, shale, salt gypsum rock, carbonate rock, granite and the like so as to simulate a real rock stratum approximately; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of simulating a dynamic formation water and gas curing environment of a cement stone-core interface through a formation fluid injection system; simulating a high-temperature environment of the stratum by using a cross flow detection system; the technology for measuring the cementing quality of the cement sheath by simulating field sound waves through a sound wave logging analysis system.
Therefore, according to the cement sheath sealing test device for simulating the real formation interface conditions, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the interface evolution law under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, dynamic formation water, high pressure gas layer, real core interface and the like can be researched, so that the long-acting sealing mechanism of the cement sheath under the complex conditions is further disclosed, and guidance and reference are provided for the optimization of related well cementation processes.
As shown in fig. 1, in particular, in the present embodiment, the simulated wellbore system 1 includes an outer casing 11, an inner casing 12, an upper plug 13, and a lower base 14. Wherein the inner sleeve 12 is arranged inside the outer sleeve 11. An upper plug 13 is disposed on top of the outer casing 11 and the inner casing 12. The lower base 14 is disposed at the bottom of the outer sleeve 11 and the inner sleeve 12. The inner and outer steel casing pipes, the base and the upper plug together form a closed annular space for filling cement to form the cement sheath 15. The simulated shaft system with the structure is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, and can well realize a closed annular space. The inner steel casing 12 is used for simulating a casing for well cementation and can be directly obtained from a casing of a drilling well site, so that the authenticity of an experiment is ensured. The outer steel casing 11 is mainly used for supporting a formation core simulation system. The upper plug 13 can be connected with the channeling detection system 4 and the confining pressure pressurization pump 22. The sub-base 14 may be connected to a formation fluid injection pump 31 and the bottom of the sub-base 14 may be provided with a ground line 16. Because the water droplet splashes, overflows to testing arrangement in the experimentation, consequently set up the ground wire on the base down, can prevent testing arrangement electric leakage. In practical operation, an iron wire or an electric wire can be connected to the ground on the lower base.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the inner sleeve 12 is 100mm high. The outer diameter and the wall thickness of the inner sleeve 12 adopt API standards, the outer diameters can be selected to be 177.8mm, 168.3mm, 139.7mm and 127mm, and the corresponding wall thickness is 5.21-16.13 mm. The height of the outer layer sleeve 11 is 100mm, the selectable inner diameters are 222.2mm, 215.9mm, 165.1mm and 155.5mm, the corresponding wall thickness is 50-80mm, 4 groups of flanges 17 are machined along the circumferential direction of the outer layer steel sleeve 11 and distributed at 90 degrees, and the inner diameter of each flange 17 is 25.5 mm.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, specifically, in the present embodiment, the formation core simulation system 2 includes a core holder 21 and a confining pressure pressurizing pump 22. The core holder 21 is uniformly arranged on the simulated wellbore system 1 along the circumferential direction, and the confining pressure booster pump 22 is respectively connected with the bottom of the core holder 21 and the upper plug 13 at the top of the simulated wellbore system 1 and respectively converted through the confining pressure control valve 23 and the annulus pressurizing pressure control valve 24. When the confining pressure booster pump is connected with the core holder, the core holder can be pressurized to compress the core, and fluid is prevented from flowing through the wall surface of the core-holder. When the confining pressure booster pump is connected with the upper plug of the simulated shaft system, the pressurized maintenance of cement paste can be realized. By disassembling the core holder, the cement sheath-core interface product can be scraped for mineral content (XRD), chemical composition (XRF), particle size and specific surface area analysis. Further, in this embodiment, a high temperature resistant glue barrel is disposed on the inner wall of the core holder 21. Through setting up anti high temperature glue bucket, can ensure that the rock core holder satisfies the highly compressed experimental condition of high temperature to the confining pressure force (forcing) pump of being convenient for exerts pressure to the rock core of arranging in the rock core holder.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the formation fluid injection system 3 includes a formation fluid injection pump 31 and a high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder 32. The formation fluid injection pump 31 is respectively connected with the bottom of the simulated shaft system 1 and the bottom of the formation core simulation system 2. The formation fluid injection system 3 is used to simulate the formation high pressure water layer, gas layer. Preferably, in this embodiment, the formation fluid injection pump 31 is connected to the bottom of the cement sheath 15 and the bottom of the core holder 21 in the simulated wellbore system 1, and is switched by the cement sheath inlet control valve 33, the fluid outlet control valve 34, and the core inlet control valve 35. When the device is connected with the bottom of the cement sheath 15, the high-pressure water layer channeling detection of the cement sheath can be realized; when connected to the bottom of the core holder 21, dynamic formation water conservation of the set cement-core interface can be achieved. When high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 32 passes through bleeder valve 36 and links to each other with cement sheath 15 bottom, can realize that cement sheath high-pressure gas blanket cross flow detects, when needing to carry out the gas blanket cross flow experiment, open the nitrogen cylinder switch, it can to adjust required pressure through bleeder valve 36. The pressure range of the formation fluid injection pump is 0-100MPa, and the pressure range of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is 0-20 MPa.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cross-flow detection system 4 includes a high-precision electronic level and a micro gas flow meter 41. The high-precision electronic balance is used for measuring the flow of an outlet during cement core seepage, and preferably adopts a Saedodes high-precision electronic balance with the measuring range of 420 g. The micro gas flowmeter is mainly used for metering micro gas, and the measuring range is 0-100 mL/min. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the cross-flow detection system 4 includes a gas-liquid separator 42 and a dryer 43. The gas-liquid separator 42 is connected with the cement sheath 15 in the simulated borehole system 1 through the gas cross-flow control valve 44, and the drier 43 is connected with the gas-liquid separator 42 and the gas flowmeter 41 respectively. Because cement is not completely hydrated when early annular gas channeling occurs in a cement sheath in a simulated shaft system, a large amount of water can be mixed in gas, and the measurement of the real gas flow is influenced, a gas-liquid separator and a dryer are required to be additionally arranged in front of a gas flowmeter. Specifically, the wet gas is first passed through a gas-liquid separator, then the dried gas is passed through a gas flow meter, and the separated liquid is dried by a dryer.
As shown in fig. 1, specifically, in the present embodiment, the heating and temperature control system 5 includes a silicone rubber heating jacket 51, a temperature controller, and a temperature measuring probe. Preferably, the temperature control range is 0-150 ℃, and the temperature measuring probe adopts a thermocouple. The heating and temperature control system with the structure is simple in structure, and the environment temperature control in the whole experiment process is convenient to realize, so that the experiment accuracy is ensured. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the temperature controller adopts an artificial intelligence display controller with a PID adjusting function, and the display precision is 0.1 ℃. The temperature controller with the structure can set the required control temperature at will, has PID adjustment, and can effectively control thermal inertia.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the sonic logging analysis system 6 includes a single stage sonic generator, a sonographer mainframe, and a geophone. The generated voltage of the acoustic logging analysis system with the structure is preferably 500-1000V, the acoustic generator can rotate 360 degrees along the inner wall of the inner sleeve in the simulated well system through the electric servo device, and the acoustic logging analysis system is mainly used for simulating a technology for measuring the cement sheath cementing quality by using field acoustic waves. And comprehensively judging the cementation condition of the casing-cement sheath and cement sheath-rock stratum interface by analyzing casing waves, stratum waves and the density distribution of the annular space.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the experimental process of the cement sheath sealing test device 10 for simulating real formation boundary conditions according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
determining working conditions and stratum parameters, taking a typical development and evaluation well in a Tarim basin as an example: the well completion depth in the well is 7360m, the well bore is 215.9mm, the bottom hole electrical measurement static temperature is 136 ℃, and 5287 + 7330m is sealed by adopting a liner cementing mode with the outer diameter phi of 139.7mm and the wall thickness of 7.72 mm; the medium finishing layer belongs to the Tanback group of the Ordovician system, mainly takes limestone as the main component, is rich in calcite and mainly contains carbonate rock; the density of the drilling fluid at the upper part of the cement paste is 1.45g/cm3The liquid column pressure at the bottom of the drilling fluid is 75 MPa; the water layer is positioned at 6000m, the pressure coefficient is 1.35, and the pressure of the water layer corresponds to 80 MPa. The well cementation adopts an elastic and flexible cement slurry system with the density of 1.88.
Secondly, simulating the sealing state of the cement sheath at the 6000m position according to the actual working condition and the stratum parameters, and determining the experimental parameters: the curing temperature of the cement sheath is 136 ℃, the annular space curing pressure is 88MPa, namely the drilling fluid pressure at the upper part of the cement slurry is plus the cement slurry pressure at 6000m, and the pressure of the core clamp 21 is the same as the annular space curing pressure; simulating the outer diameter phi 139.7mm and the wall thickness 7.72mm of an actually constructed casing intercepted by the inner casing 12 in the shaft system; the inner diameter of the outer casing 11 is 215.9mm, and the corresponding wall thickness is 60 mm; coring a Tuobak group of a system in an Ordovician system on site, and processing the core into a carbonate core with the inner diameter of 25.5mm and the length of 80 mm; the pressure of an experimental simulation water layer is set to be 80 MPa; the cement paste adopts an elastic toughness system which is the same as that of field construction.
After determining the experimental parameters, the specific experimental process is as follows:
step 2, placing the processed carbonate rock cores 25 into a rock core holder 21, and distributing the processed carbonate rock cores around the simulated shaft system 1 at an angle of 90 degrees so as to approximately simulate rock strata at a position of 6000m of the stratum;
and 5, after cement slurry maintenance is carried out for 48 hours, closing the confining pressure pressurizing pump 22 and the formation fluid injection pump 31, closing the confining pressure control valve 23, the liquid outlet control valve 34, the core inflow control valve 35 and the annulus pressurization control valve 24, opening the gas channeling control valve 44 between the channeling detection system 4 and the cement sheath 15, the partial pressure valve 36 between the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 32 and the cement sheath 15 and the cement sheath air inlet control valve 33, opening the channeling detection system 4, and detecting the water channeling condition and the gas channeling condition of the cement sheath 15. Specifically, the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 32 is opened, the pressure dividing valve 36 is adjusted to stabilize the gas supply pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 32 at 5MPa, and the pressure dividing valve 36 and the cement sheath gas inlet control valve 33 are opened in sequence to ventilate for 1 hour. If gas is blown by, the gas flowmeter 41 can display the flow rate, and the sealing failure of the cement sheath 15 is proved; the cement sheath 15 proved to remain sealed if there was no gas breakthrough. Whether the sealing device fails or not, the next step of analysis is carried out, and comparison and analysis are carried out with the macroscopic sealing effect.
and 7, disassembling the core clamp 21, scraping the interface product, and analyzing the mineral content (XRD), the chemical composition (XRF), the particle size and the specific surface area.
And 8, changing the cement paste maintenance time, such as 72h, 144h, 360h and the like, and repeating the steps 1-7 to obtain casing-cement sheath-rock stratum interface cementation evolution data so as to lay an experimental foundation for a subsequent interface cementation evolution rule.
According to the embodiment, the cement sheath sealing test device for simulating the real stratum interface condition can simulate the experimental conditions such as real rock stratum and stratum fluid seepage, and can research the interface evolution law under the conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, dynamic stratum water, high pressure gas layer and real core interface, so that the long-acting sealing mechanism of the cement sheath under the complex condition is further disclosed, and guidance and reference are provided for the optimization of the related well cementation process.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions is characterized by comprising a simulated shaft system, a stratum rock core simulation system, a stratum fluid injection system, a cross flow detection system, a heating and temperature control system and an acoustic wave well logging analysis system; wherein,
the formation core simulation system, the formation fluid injection system, the cross flow detection system, the heating and temperature control system and the acoustic logging analysis system are respectively connected with the simulated wellbore system.
2. The cement sheath seal test apparatus for simulating real stratigraphic interface conditions of claim 1, wherein the simulated wellbore system comprises an outer casing, an inner casing, an upper plug and a lower base; wherein,
the inner layer sleeve is arranged in the outer layer sleeve;
the upper plug is arranged at the tops of the outer casing and the inner casing;
the lower base is arranged at the bottom of the outer layer sleeve and the inner layer sleeve.
3. The cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratigraphic interface conditions according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stratigraphic core simulation system comprises a core holder and a confining pressure booster pump; wherein,
the core holders are uniformly arranged on the simulated shaft system along the circumferential direction, and the confining pressure booster pump is respectively connected with the bottom of the core holder and the top of the simulated shaft system.
4. The cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratigraphic interface conditions according to claim 3, wherein a high temperature resistant glue barrel is arranged on the inner wall of the core holder.
5. The cement sheath seal test apparatus for simulating real formation interface conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the formation fluid injection system comprises a formation fluid injection pump and a high pressure nitrogen gas cylinder; the formation fluid injection pump is respectively connected with the bottom of the simulated shaft system and the bottom of the formation core simulated system, and the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is connected with the bottom of the simulated shaft system.
6. The cement sheath seal test apparatus for simulating real formation interface conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cross-flow detection system comprises an electronic balance and a gas flow meter.
7. The cement sheath seal testing apparatus for simulating real formation interfacial conditions of claim 6, wherein the channeling detection system comprises a gas-liquid separator and a dryer, the gas-liquid separator is connected with the simulated wellbore system, and the dryer is connected with the gas-liquid separator and the gas flow meter respectively.
8. The cement sheath seal test apparatus for simulating real formation interface conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heating and temperature control system comprises a silicone rubber heating jacket, a temperature control instrument and a temperature measurement probe.
9. The cement sheath seal test device for simulating real formation interface conditions as claimed in claim 8, wherein the temperature controller is an artificial intelligence display controller with PID regulation function.
10. The cement sheath seal testing apparatus for simulating real formation interface conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sonic logging analysis system comprises a single stage sonic generator, a sonic mainframe and a geophone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910876135.7A CN112523746A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910876135.7A CN112523746A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112523746A true CN112523746A (en) | 2021-03-19 |
Family
ID=74974864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910876135.7A Pending CN112523746A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112523746A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113125203A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Visual experiment device and method for simulating underground fluid sampling in shaft |
| CN113898312A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-07 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Numerical simulation method and system for annular oil-gas channeling of well cementation of deepwater high-temperature and high-pressure well and storage medium |
| CN115263277A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-01 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for evaluating hydrostatic column pressure and pressure transmission capacity in well cementation cement slurry hardening |
| CN115420464A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-02 | 西南交通大学 | Underground engineering fluid pressure simulation system, method and related equipment |
| CN115469078B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-10-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for measuring interaction with casing and stratum in solidification process of well cementation cement paste |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103174409A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Testing device for packing performance of deepwater cementing cement sheath |
| CN104153760A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil-gas well cement sheath seal characteristic simulation test device and test method |
| CN106522923A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil/gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing device and method for carrying out evaluation through device |
| CN106771096A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of cementing concrete ring seal is every ability dynamic checkout unit and experimental technique |
| CN106761679A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国地质大学（北京） | The evaluating apparatus and method of a kind of the first interface agglutination quality of eccentric test well cementation |
| US20170205388A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2017-07-20 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Wellbore cement simulator |
| CN206707694U (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-12-05 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrate formation primary cement evaluation experimental provision in a kind of deep water cementing |
| CN207406332U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The lower well cementation second interface maintenance of water flooding disturbance and bonding quality evaluating apparatus |
| CN108868746A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | The anti-experimental provision and its experimental method for altering ability of test well cementation cement plane |
-
2019
- 2019-09-17 CN CN201910876135.7A patent/CN112523746A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103174409A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Testing device for packing performance of deepwater cementing cement sheath |
| US20170205388A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2017-07-20 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Wellbore cement simulator |
| CN104153760A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil-gas well cement sheath seal characteristic simulation test device and test method |
| CN106522923A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil/gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing device and method for carrying out evaluation through device |
| CN106771096A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of cementing concrete ring seal is every ability dynamic checkout unit and experimental technique |
| CN106761679A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国地质大学（北京） | The evaluating apparatus and method of a kind of the first interface agglutination quality of eccentric test well cementation |
| CN206707694U (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-12-05 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrate formation primary cement evaluation experimental provision in a kind of deep water cementing |
| CN207406332U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The lower well cementation second interface maintenance of water flooding disturbance and bonding quality evaluating apparatus |
| CN108868746A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | The anti-experimental provision and its experimental method for altering ability of test well cementation cement plane |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113125203A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Visual experiment device and method for simulating underground fluid sampling in shaft |
| CN113125203B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2022-06-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Visual experiment device and method for simulating underground fluid sampling in shaft |
| CN113898312A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-07 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Numerical simulation method and system for annular oil-gas channeling of well cementation of deepwater high-temperature and high-pressure well and storage medium |
| CN113898312B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2024-03-05 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Numerical simulation method, system and storage medium for oil-gas channeling of well cementation annulus of deep water high-temperature high-pressure well |
| CN115263277A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-01 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for evaluating hydrostatic column pressure and pressure transmission capacity in well cementation cement slurry hardening |
| CN115469078B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-10-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for measuring interaction with casing and stratum in solidification process of well cementation cement paste |
| CN115420464A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-02 | 西南交通大学 | Underground engineering fluid pressure simulation system, method and related equipment |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112523746A (en) | Cement sheath sealing test device for simulating real stratum interface conditions | |
| CN104405366B (en) | A kind of HTHP cementing concrete ring mechanical integrity test device and method | |
| US7089816B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for testing cement slurries | |
| CN105626027B (en) | A kind of physical simulating method of coal petrography directional well sand fracturing | |
| CN109001438A (en) | A kind of joint seal gas shutoff experimental simulation device and test method | |
| CN206233918U (en) | Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device | |
| EP2946073B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for characterizing fluid channeling through a cement formation interface of a subterranian wellbore | |
| CN102012347B (en) | Method for detecting channeling condition by static gelatinization strength of cement | |
| CN105717019B (en) | Floor rock infiltration coefficient test simulation method | |
| CN102031954A (en) | Coal and rock bore hydraulic fracture experimental apparatus | |
| WO2023197821A1 (en) | Overlying strata damage partition and height determination method based on permeability-damage relationship | |
| CN105974084A (en) | In-coal-seam gas extraction experiment simulation device | |
| CN105986796A (en) | Experimental method of fracture interaction of adjacent parallel hydraulic fractures in hydraulic fracturing process | |
| CN104849404A (en) | Well cementation flushing fluid evaluation device and experiment method thereof based on dynamic mud cake forming | |
| Qian et al. | Advances in Laboratory‐Scale Hydraulic Fracturing Experiments | |
| NO348197B1 (en) | Determining Non-Plastic State Shrinkage In A Cement Slurry | |
| CN112065352B (en) | Indoor hydraulic fracturing simulation device, system, manufacturing method and test method | |
| CN109374415A (en) | Multi-crack three-dimensional space induced stress testing method | |
| CN108195739A (en) | Pressure-controlled seepage tests mechanism and Seepage flow time measuring device | |
| CN114991728B (en) | Simulated CO 2 Electrical tomography experimental device, method and application of gas-driven oil reservoir | |
| CN115469078B (en) | Device and method for measuring interaction with casing and stratum in solidification process of well cementation cement paste | |
| Bathija et al. | Cement sheath integrity at simulated reservoir conditions of pressure, temperature, and wellbore configuration in a laboratory setup | |
| CN112443288A (en) | Experimental device for evaluating sealing capability of two interfaces of well cementation cement sheath | |
| LU500068B1 (en) | A Test Device for Leak Resistance and Plugging While Drilling and Its Method | |
| CN106917620A (en) | A kind of simulating test device and analog detection method of cement sheath microannulus |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |