CN112379432A - Small channel number portable hydrophone array acquisition system - Google Patents
Small channel number portable hydrophone array acquisition system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112379432A CN112379432A CN202011072208.6A CN202011072208A CN112379432A CN 112379432 A CN112379432 A CN 112379432A CN 202011072208 A CN202011072208 A CN 202011072208A CN 112379432 A CN112379432 A CN 112379432A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3808—Seismic data acquisition, e.g. survey design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/186—Hydrophones
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration and provides a hydrophone array acquisition system with small length, small volume and light weight. Therefore, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the small-channel-number portable hydrophone array acquisition system consists of a hydrophone array, an electronic cabin, a front guide section and a data processing and control center; the N piezoelectric hydrophones are uniformly or non-uniformly arranged in the hydrophone array as required and used as sensors to collect underwater acoustic signals; the signal transmission media between the electronic cabin and each hydrophone and in the front guide section are shielded twisted-pair lines; the front guide section transmits control commands and underwater acoustic signal data, and separates the hydrophone array and the data processing and control center by a distance, so that the influence of noise of the data processing and control center on the detection performance of the hydrophone array is avoided. The invention is mainly applied to geophysical exploration occasions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a small-channel-number portable hydrophone array acquisition system.
Background
The underwater acoustic detection depends on various high-performance sonars, and the hydrophone array acquisition system is one of the most representative sonar types, and has wide application in military fields such as underwater anti-submergence, target positioning, military monitoring and the like, and fields such as ocean resource exploration, environmental environment monitoring and the like. The hydrophone array collecting system consists of mainly data recording and controlling center and hydrophone array. The traditional hydrophone array detection system is generally arranged on a large towing platform such as a submarine, a warship and the like, and in order to obtain the highest underwater target detection and positioning accuracy and a large array aperture, the volume, the weight and the length of the traditional hydrophone array are considerable, so that the towing platform is required to have enough traction drag force and volume.
However, on the one hand, in some unknown or dangerous waters, people should be avoided from working on site as much as possible, so in recent years, small Unmanned towing platforms such as Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV), Underwater gliders, and Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV) have been developed rapidly in terms of Underwater detection, monitoring, and the like, but since the towing force and volume of these small Unmanned towing platforms are small, the conventional hydrophone array acquisition system cannot be matched with the small Unmanned towing platforms when performing high-precision remote positioning of Underwater targets.
On the other hand, the traditional hydrophone array acquisition system has the defects of large number of hydrophone channels, high structural complexity, high system synchronism and coordination control difficulty, high manufacturing and maintenance cost and great difficulty in manufacturing, using and later maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hydrophone array acquisition system with small length, small volume and light weight. Therefore, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the small-channel-number portable hydrophone array acquisition system consists of a hydrophone array, an electronic cabin, a front guide section and a data processing and control center; the N piezoelectric hydrophones are uniformly or non-uniformly arranged in the hydrophone array as required and used as sensors to collect underwater acoustic signals; the signal transmission media between the electronic cabin and each hydrophone and in the front guide section are shielded twisted-pair lines; the front guide section transmits a control command and underwater acoustic signal data, and separates the hydrophone array and the data processing and control center by a distance, so that the influence of noise of the data processing and control center on the detection performance of the hydrophone array is avoided;
the electronic cabin consists of an acquisition module and a transmission module, and the acquisition module is connected with the transmission module through an uplink data link and a downlink command link;
the acquisition module is directly connected with all the hydrophones, can simultaneously receive and process signals transmitted by a plurality of hydrophones, is an analog front end of a small-channel portable hydrophone array acquisition system, and can realize signal conditioning, analog-to-digital conversion and pretreatment of N-channel underwater acoustic signals;
the acquisition module consists of a signal conditioning module, an analog-to-digital conversion module and an acquisition module control center; the signal conditioning module and the analog-to-digital conversion module are used for carrying out amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion on the underwater sound signals transmitted by the piezoelectric hydrophone through the shielded twisted pair, and then transmitting the digital data to the acquisition module control center; on one hand, the control center of the acquisition module receives and analyzes the control command transmitted by the transmission module through the downlink command link and correspondingly controls the working state of the acquisition module according to the command content; on the other hand, the acquisition module control center receives the data after the signals of the N signal acquisition channels are digitized, packages the data into frames according to a protocol and uploads the frames to the transmission module through an uplink data link;
the transmission module processing center in the transmission module packages the data uploaded by the acquisition module into frames according to a communication protocol, uploads the frames to the data processing and control center through the data remote sending module and the uplink data link, and receives a control command downloaded by the data processing and control center through the command remote receiving module and the downlink command link; the data remote receiving module in the data processing and control center receives the uploaded data through the uplink data link and then uploads the data to the main control system, the command remote sending module forwards various control commands downwards through the downlink command link, and the main control system mainly completes the receiving, storage and display of the data and the control of the whole hydrophone array acquisition system.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
the invention can overcome the following defects: (1) the invention can overcome the defects of the traditional hydrophone array acquisition system that the number of hydrophone channels is large, the structure complexity is high, the system synchronism and coordination control difficulty is large, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is high; (2) the invention can overcome the defect that the traditional large-channel hydrophone array acquisition system cannot be matched with small unmanned towing platforms such as AUV, underwater glider, USV and the like.
The invention has the following advantages: (1) the length is small, the volume is small, the weight is light, the manufacture, the use and the maintenance are convenient, and the device can be widely used together with small unmanned towing platforms such as AUV, underwater glider, USV and the like; (2) the piezoelectric hydrophone with high cost performance, simple structure, stable performance and flat sensitivity response is adopted to acquire signals, the manufacturing cost of the system is low, and the quality of the acquired signals can meet the performance requirements of most of underwater detection and monitoring. (3) The shielding twisted pair with high mechanical strength, simple and convenient connection and strong anti-interference capability is used as an underwater acoustic signal transmission medium, the system reliability is high, and the signal transmission quality and transmission rate are high.
Description of the drawings:
other objects and aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a small-track-count portable hydrophone array detection system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of an acquisition module of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a transmission module and a data processing and control center of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1 is a hydrophone array; 2 is an electronic cabin; 3 is a front guide section; 4, a data processing and control center; 5 is a piezoelectric hydrophone; 6 is a shielded twisted pair; 7 is an acquisition module; 8 is a transmission module; 9 is an uplink data link; 10 is a downlink command link; 11 is an uplink data link; and 12 is a downlink command link.
In fig. 2: 13 is a signal conditioning module; 14 is an analog-to-digital conversion module; and 15, an acquisition module control center.
In fig. 3: 16 is a transmission module control center; 17 is a data remote transmitting module; 18 is a command remote receiving module; 19 is the uplink; 20 is a downlink command link; 21 is a data remote receiving module; 22 is a command remote sending module; and 23, a main control system.
Detailed Description
(1) In the invention, the hydrophone array acquisition system has small length, small volume and light weight, the outer diameter of the hydrophone array is not more than 50mm, the length is not more than 100m, and the number of hydrophones in the array is not more than 32, so that the requirements on manufacturing equipment and fields can be greatly reduced;
(2) in the invention, the sensors in the hydrophone array adopt piezoelectric hydrophones, so that the advantages of high cost performance, simple structure, stable performance and flat sensitivity response of the piezoelectric hydrophones are utilized, electric wires are all adopted in the hydrophone array acquisition system to transmit and process electric signals, and shielding twisted pairs with high mechanical strength, simplicity and convenience in welding and strong anti-interference capability are adopted when signals in the system are transmitted in a long distance, so that the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the system are reduced under the precondition that the signal quality acquired by the hydrophone array acquisition system meets the performance requirements of most underwater acoustic detection.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a small-channel-number portable hydrophone array acquisition system which can overcome the following defects: (1) the invention can overcome the defects of the traditional hydrophone array acquisition system that the number of hydrophone channels is large, the structure complexity is high, the system synchronism and coordination control difficulty is large, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is high; (2) the invention can overcome the defect that the traditional hydrophone array acquisition system cannot be matched with small unmanned towing platforms such as AUV, underwater glider, USV and the like.
The invention has the following advantages: (1) the length is small, the volume is small, the weight is light, the manufacture, the use and the maintenance are convenient, and the device can be widely used together with small unmanned towing platforms such as AUV, underwater glider, USV and the like; (2) the piezoelectric hydrophone with high cost performance, simple structure, stable performance and flat sensitivity response is adopted to acquire signals, the manufacturing cost of the system is low, and the quality of the acquired signals can meet the performance requirements of most of underwater detection and monitoring. (3) The shielded twisted pair with high mechanical strength, simple and convenient connection and strong anti-interference capability is used as an underwater acoustic signal transmission medium, so that the system reliability is high, and the signal transmission quality and transmission rate are high;
the invention adopts the technical scheme that a small-channel-number portable hydrophone array detection system comprises:
the overall scheme of the small-channel portable hydrophone array acquisition system is determined firstly. The general scheme of a small-channel portable hydrophone array detection system is shown in figure 1, and mainly comprises a hydrophone array 1, an electronic cabin 2, a front guide section 3 and a data processing and control center 4;
further, N (N is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 32) piezoelectric hydrophones 5 are uniformly or non-uniformly arranged in the array 1 as required and used as sensors to collect underwater acoustic signals; the outer diameter of the hydrophone array is not more than 50mm, and the length of the hydrophone array is not more than 100 m; all signal transmission media in the hydrophone array acquisition system are electric wires, wherein the signal transmission media between the electronic cabin 2 and each hydrophone and in the front guide section 3 are shielded twisted-pair wires;
further, the front guide section 3 transmits a control command and underwater acoustic signal data, and separates the hydrophone array 1 and the data processing and control center 4 by a certain distance, so that the influence of noise of the data processing and control center on the detection performance of the hydrophone array 1 is avoided;
further, the electronic cabin 2 is composed of an acquisition module 7 and a transmission module 8, and the acquisition module 7 and the transmission module 8 are connected through an uplink data link 9 and a downlink command link 10;
furthermore, the acquisition module 7 is directly connected with all the hydrophones, can simultaneously receive and process signals transmitted by a plurality of hydrophones, is a simulation front end of a small-channel portable hydrophone array acquisition system, and can realize signal conditioning, analog-to-digital conversion and pretreatment of N-channel underwater acoustic signals; the structure of the acquisition module 7 is shown in fig. 2, and mainly comprises a signal conditioning module 13, an analog-to-digital conversion module 14 and an acquisition module control center 15; the signal conditioning module 13 and the analog-to-digital conversion module 14 are used for carrying out amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion on the underwater sound signals transmitted by the piezoelectric hydrophone 5 through the shielded twisted pair 6, and then transmitting the digital data to the acquisition module control center 15; on one hand, the acquisition module control center 15 receives and analyzes the control command transmitted by the transmission module 8 through the downlink command link 10, and correspondingly controls the working state of the acquisition module 7 according to the command content; on the other hand, the acquisition module control center receives the data after the signals of the N signal acquisition channels are digitized, packages the data into frames according to a protocol, and uploads the frames to the transmission module 8 through the uplink data link 9;
further, the transmission module is a bridge connecting the data processing and control center 4 and the hydrophone array 1, and the structures of the transmission module 8 and the data processing and control center 4 are shown in fig. 3; a transmission module processing center 16 in the transmission module 8 packages the data uploaded by the acquisition module into frames according to a communication protocol, uploads the frames to the data processing and control center 4 through a data remote sending module 17 and an uplink data link 11, and receives a control command downloaded by the data processing and control center 4 through a command remote receiving module 18 and a downlink command link 12; a data remote receiving module 21 in the data processing and control center 4 receives the uploaded data through an uplink data link 19 and then uploads the data to a main control system, a command remote sending module 22 forwards various control commands downwards through a downlink command link 20, and the main control system 23 mainly completes the receiving, storage and playback of the data and the control of the whole hydrophone array acquisition system;
in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a small-channel-number portable hydrophone array acquisition system which can overcome the following defects: (1) the invention can overcome the defects of the traditional hydrophone array acquisition system that the number of hydrophone channels is large, the structure complexity is high, the system synchronism and coordination control difficulty is large, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is high; (2) the invention can overcome the defect that the traditional hydrophone array acquisition system cannot be matched with small unmanned towing platforms such as AUV, underwater glider, USV and the like.
The invention has the following advantages: (1) the length is small, the volume is small, the weight is light, the manufacture, the use and the maintenance are convenient, and the device can be widely used together with small unmanned towing platforms such as AUV, underwater glider, USV and the like; (2) the piezoelectric hydrophone with high cost performance, simple structure, stable performance and flat sensitivity response is adopted to acquire signals, the manufacturing cost of the system is low, and the quality of the acquired signals can meet the performance requirements of most of underwater detection and monitoring. (3) The shielded twisted pair with high mechanical strength, simple and convenient connection and strong anti-interference capability is used as an underwater acoustic signal transmission medium, so that the system reliability is high, and the signal transmission quality and transmission rate are high;
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a small-channel-number portable hydrophone array detection system comprises:
the overall scheme of the small-channel portable hydrophone array acquisition system is determined firstly. The general scheme of a small-channel portable hydrophone array detection system is shown in figure 1, and mainly comprises a hydrophone array 1, an electronic cabin 2, a front guide section 3 and a data processing and control center 4;
further, 16 piezoelectric hydrophones 5 are uniformly distributed in the array 1 as required and used as sensors to collect underwater acoustic signals, the length of the hydrophone array is 10 meters, the outer diameter is 45mm, the inner diameter is 39mm, and the interval between the hydrophones is 0.5 m; all signal transmission media in the hydrophone array acquisition system are electric wires, wherein the signal transmission media between the electronic cabin 2 and each hydrophone and in the front guide section 3 are shielded twisted-pair wires;
further, the front guide section 3 transmits a control command and underwater acoustic signal data, and separates the hydrophone array 1 and the data processing and control center 4 by a certain distance, so that the influence of noise of the data processing and control center on the detection performance of the hydrophone array 1 is avoided, and the length of the front guide section is 50 m;
further, the electronic cabin 2 is composed of an acquisition module 7 and a transmission module 8, and the acquisition module 7 and the transmission module 8 are connected through an uplink data link 9 and a downlink command link 10;
furthermore, the acquisition module 7 is directly connected with all the hydrophones, can simultaneously receive and process signals transmitted by a plurality of hydrophones, is a simulation front end of a small-channel portable hydrophone array acquisition system, and can realize signal conditioning, analog-to-digital conversion and pretreatment of 16-channel underwater acoustic signals; the structure of the acquisition module 7 is shown in fig. 2, and mainly comprises a signal conditioning module 13, an analog-to-digital conversion module 14 and an acquisition module control center 15; the signal conditioning module 13 and the analog-to-digital conversion module 14 are used for carrying out amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion on the underwater sound signals transmitted by the piezoelectric hydrophone 5 through the shielded twisted pair 6, and then transmitting the digital data to the acquisition module control center 15; on one hand, the acquisition module control center 15 receives and analyzes the control command transmitted by the transmission module 8 through the downlink command link 10, and correspondingly controls the working state of the acquisition module 7 according to the command content; on the other hand, the acquisition module control center receives the data after the signals of the 16 signal acquisition channels are digitized, packages the data into frames according to a protocol, and uploads the frames to the transmission module 8 through the uplink data link 9; the acquisition module control center 15 adopts a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) as a main control chip, thereby realizing the high-speed acquisition, processing and transmission of the multitask parallel data of the acquisition module 7;
further, the transmission module is a bridge connecting the data processing and control center 4 and the hydrophone array 1, and the structures of the transmission module 8 and the data processing and control center 4 are shown in fig. 3; a transmission module processing center 16 in the transmission module 8 packages the data uploaded by the acquisition module into frames according to a communication protocol, uploads the frames to the data processing and control center 4 through a data remote sending module 17 and an uplink data link 11, and receives a control command downloaded by the data processing and control center 4 through a command remote receiving module 18 and a downlink command link 12; a data remote receiving module 21 in the data processing and control center 4 receives the uploaded data through an uplink data link 19 and then uploads the data to a main control system, a command remote sending module 22 forwards various control commands downwards through a downlink command link 20, and the main control system 23 mainly completes the receiving, storage and playback of the data and the control of the whole hydrophone array acquisition system; the transmission module processing center 16 adopts the FPGA as a main control chip, thereby realizing the high-speed acquisition, processing and transmission of the multitask parallel data of the transmission module 8.
Claims (1)
1. A small-channel-number portable hydrophone array acquisition system is characterized by comprising a hydrophone array, an electronic cabin, a front guide section and a data processing and control center; the N piezoelectric hydrophones are uniformly or non-uniformly arranged in the hydrophone array as required and used as sensors to collect underwater acoustic signals; the signal transmission media between the electronic cabin and each hydrophone and in the front guide section are shielded twisted-pair lines; the front guide section transmits a control command and underwater acoustic signal data, and separates the hydrophone array and the data processing and control center by a distance, so that the influence of noise of the data processing and control center on the detection performance of the hydrophone array is avoided;
the electronic cabin consists of an acquisition module and a transmission module, and the acquisition module is connected with the transmission module through an uplink data link and a downlink command link;
the acquisition module is directly connected with all the hydrophones, can simultaneously receive and process signals transmitted by a plurality of hydrophones, is an analog front end of a small-channel portable hydrophone array acquisition system, and can realize signal conditioning, analog-to-digital conversion and pretreatment of N-channel underwater acoustic signals;
the acquisition module consists of a signal conditioning module, an analog-to-digital conversion module and an acquisition module control center; the signal conditioning module and the analog-to-digital conversion module are used for carrying out amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion on the underwater sound signals transmitted by the piezoelectric hydrophone through the shielded twisted pair, and then transmitting the digital data to the acquisition module control center; on one hand, the control center of the acquisition module receives and analyzes the control command transmitted by the transmission module through the downlink command link and correspondingly controls the working state of the acquisition module according to the command content; on the other hand, the acquisition module control center receives the data after the signals of the N signal acquisition channels are digitized, packages the data into frames according to a protocol and uploads the frames to the transmission module through an uplink data link;
the transmission module processing center in the transmission module packages the data uploaded by the acquisition module into frames according to a communication protocol, uploads the frames to the data processing and control center through the data remote sending module and the uplink data link, and receives a control command downloaded by the data processing and control center through the command remote receiving module and the downlink command link; the data remote receiving module in the data processing and control center receives the uploaded data through the uplink data link and then uploads the data to the main control system, the command remote sending module forwards various control commands downwards through the downlink command link, and the main control system mainly completes the receiving, storage and display of the data and the control of the whole hydrophone array acquisition system.
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Application publication date: 20210219 |