CN112285435B - Equivalent simulation method of high-power magnetic field radiation source - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an equivalent simulation method of a high-power magnetic field radiation source, which comprises the step of realizing the function of simulating the magnetic field radiation characteristic of the high-power magnetic field radiation source according to the simple magnetic field distribution measurement result and the calculation step of actual equipment under the condition of not knowing a physical model and an internal structure of the high-power magnetic field radiation source through equivalent simulation of an alternating-current magnetic dipole array. According to the magnetic field distribution measurement result of the actual equipment, the magnetic field radiation characteristic of the high-power magnetic field radiation source is simulated more accurately by using the equivalent simulation method of the magnetic dipole array, the principle is simple and clear, and the convenient and accurate method is provided for the research of the magnetic field radiation characteristic of the high-power equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic field simulation, and particularly relates to an equivalent simulation method of a high-power magnetic field radiation source.
Background
In order to better study the magnetic field of high-power devices, the intensity and distribution characteristics of the magnetic field of these devices must first be accurately obtained. At present, the main means for magnetic field source research at home and abroad are three methods of actual equipment measurement, physical model measurement and computer simulation.
1. Actual device measurement
The research on the low-frequency stray magnetic field is carried out by adopting a measuring mode of actual equipment, enough measuring points are needed, and the measuring surface is large enough. At present, some domestic low-magnetic laboratories can measure the magnetic field of actual equipment on a measuring track, but have some limitations on the weight, the size, the working condition and the like of the actual equipment.
Although the actual equipment measurement method has the advantages of accurate measurement data and the like, the labor, material and capital consumption is large, and the measurement can be carried out only after the equipment is built, so that the measurement method has certain hysteresis.
2. Physical model measurement
The physical model measurement method is a direct and objective design and verification method. The purpose of the physical model measurement is to be able to build a miniature model of an actual device and study it according to a similar theory.
The physical model method is an expensive simulation method because the actual equipment has a complex structure and different shapes, the physical model is a disposable test model, each model sample piece can be tested only once, and the value of recycling is lost after one-time simulation.
Therefore, the physical model measurement method is a traditional method, and has the advantages of being vivid, and the analysis result of the model is closer to the actual result, but has the disadvantages of being expensive, long in construction period, and difficult to meet the overall progress requirement in the processing and test period.
The physical model measurement method is widely applied to research of the static magnetic field of the equipment, and is difficult to implement when the magnetic field in the working state of the equipment needs to be researched.
3. Computer simulation
In recent years, with the rapid development of computer software and hardware technologies, computer simulation technologies have been widely applied in the field of device magnetic field analysis and calculation.
Compared with a physical model, the computer simulation has the following advantages:
(1) the cost is low. The computer simulation does not need to carry out physical model making of actual equipment and test equipment, so that a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources can be saved.
(2) The period is short. The specific application of CAD/CAM makes the model predict its quality and performance in the design and development stage, avoids unnecessary error and replaces part of test, so the development period is shortened inevitably.
(3) Repeatability. The physical simulation process is susceptible to random factors, so that a clear result is not easy to obtain when the influence of different system parameters on the safety is researched. The simulation depends on computer hardware, most simulation software is parameterized, and a simulation result when parameters are changed can be easily obtained.
(4) The result information is comprehensive. The results measured in physical simulation are generally obtained by sensors, and the number and arrangement of the sensors are limited by many conditions, so that the result data is not comprehensive. Computer simulation does not have the above problems.
The three methods have different problems, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed for actual equipment measurement, and physical modeling needs to be carried out on the internal structure of the equipment for physical model measurement and computer simulation. In fact, when the magnetic field distribution of the high-power equipment is researched, the internal structure composition of the high-power equipment is not concerned, the high-power equipment is often complex in structure, and the modeling difficulty and the workload are large.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the equivalent simulation method of the high-power magnetic field radiation source is used for simulating the magnetic field radiation characteristic of the high-power magnetic field radiation source by using simple measurement results and calculation steps according to the magnetic field distribution measurement results of actual equipment under the condition that a physical model and an internal structure of the high-power magnetic field radiation source are not known.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an equivalent simulation method of a high-power magnetic field radiation source comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a magnetic field test position according to the structural characteristics of the high-power equipment;
s2: arranging a multi-channel vector magnetic field acquisition device at a test position, and acquiring magnetic field data;
s3: analyzing the frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics of the magnetic fields at different positions, and determining the number of magnetic dipoles;
s4: limiting the position of the magnetic dipole to move in a certain horizontal plane, setting the condition number of the coefficient matrix of the magnetic dipole array to be minimum as an optimization target, and searching by adopting an optimization algorithm to obtain the position of the magnetic dipole with the minimum condition number;
s5: calculating the size of a magnetic field according to the position of the magnetic dipole;
s6: calculating the magnetic field of the magnetic dipole array by using the magnetic dipole array model, comparing the calculated data and the test data of the model, and if the error between the calculated data and the measured data is less than or equal to 10%, indicating that the magnetic dipole array is successfully modeled; if the error between the calculated data and the measured data is greater than 10%, the procedure returns to step S3, and the number of magnetic dipoles and the position of the moving horizontal plane are reselected until the requirements are met.
According to the scheme, in the step S1, the specific steps are as follows: when the high-power equipment is in an axisymmetric structure, selecting 3-4 typical positions on different surfaces for simultaneous testing; when the device is of an asymmetric structure, test positions are added as required.
According to the scheme, in the step S2, the multi-channel vector magnetic field acquisition device is used for measuring the vector magnetic field value at the position, and has the functions of acquiring, quantizing, analyzing the frequency spectrum and storing the multi-position vector magnetic field data.
According to the scheme, in the step S2, the action effect of the field source in the volume V on the outside V is regarded as the action effect of the equivalent source in the volume V on the outside V; equivalent sources include uniformly magnetized rotating ellipsoids and magnetic sources such as magnetic dipoles.
According to the scheme, in the step S3, 20-30 alternating current dipoles are selected to form a dipole array.
According to the above scheme, in step S2, if the magnetic moment of the magnetic dipole in the magnetic field H is m, the included angle between m and the vector r is θ, and the direction of r points to the calculation field point from the center of the magnetic dipole, the scalar magnetic potential of the collected magnetic dipole is:
due to the fact that
The magnetic field strength generated by the magnetic dipole is expressed in spherical coordinates as:
further, in step S4, m and r are0And theta0In the same plane, then:
further, in step S5, the specific steps include: let N magnetic dipoles with coordinates (u) in the target regioni,vi,wi) I ═ 1,2, …, N; is provided with
The magnetic moment components of the ith magnetic dipole along the directions of the x axis, the y axis and the z axis respectively, the magnetic target is at the point Pj(xj,yj,zj) Three components of the magnetic field generated by the field
Comprises the following steps:
further, in step S6, assuming that the magnetic field intensity generated by the N magnetic dipole arrays in the region is H, and the coefficient matrix of the magnetic dipole arrays is F, the magnetic field matrix equation of the magnetic dipole arrays is as follows:
H＝F·M (8)。
a computer storage medium having stored therein a computer program executable by a computer processor, the computer program performing a method of equivalent simulation of a high power magnetic field radiation source.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the equivalent simulation method of the high-power magnetic field radiation source realizes the function of simulating the magnetic field radiation characteristic of the high-power magnetic field radiation source according to the simple magnetic field distribution measurement result and the calculation step of the actual equipment under the condition of not knowing the physical model and the internal structure of the high-power magnetic field radiation source through the equivalent simulation of the alternating-current magnetic dipole array.
2. The invention provides an equivalent simulation method of a high-power magnetic field radiation source, which can accurately simulate the magnetic field radiation characteristic of the high-power magnetic field radiation source by using an equivalent simulation method of a magnetic dipole array according to the magnetic field distribution measurement result of actual equipment.
3. The invention has concise and clear principle and provides a convenient and accurate method for researching the magnetic field radiation characteristic of high-power equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an actual device testing arrangement of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic dipole array location search in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the final position of a magnetic dipole array in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of magnetic dipole array model magnetic field calculations versus modeling data for an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of the predicted magnetic field value and the actual test value of the magnetic dipole array model in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Setting the effect of the field source in the volume V on the outside V as the effect of the equivalent source in the volume V on the outside V; for a magnetic field H, the equivalent source comprises a uniformly magnetized magnetic source such as a rotating ellipsoid and a magnetic dipole; and if the magnetic moment of the magnetic dipole is m, the included angle between m and the vector r is theta, and the direction of r points to the calculation field point from the center of the magnetic dipole, the scalar magnetic potential of the magnetic dipole is as follows:
due to the fact that
The magnetic field strength generated by the magnetic dipole is expressed in spherical coordinates as:
m、r0and theta0In the same plane, then:
when there are N magnetic dipoles in the target region, their coordinates are (u)i,vi,wi) I ═ 1,2, …, N; is provided with
The magnetic moment components of the ith magnetic dipole along the directions of the x axis, the y axis and the z axis respectively, the magnetic target is at the point Pj(xj,yj,zj) Three components of the magnetic field generated by the field
Comprises the following steps:
setting the magnetic field intensity generated by N magnetic dipole arrays in the region as H and the coefficient matrix of the magnetic dipole arrays as F, establishing a matrix equation as follows:
H＝F·M (8)。
the invention uses the magnetic field generated by the magnetic dipole array to simulate the high-power magnetic field radiation source to simplify the problem, establishes a magnetic dipole array model and simulates the high-power magnetic field radiation source through a small amount of magnetic field data tested by actual equipment, and provides a simple and effective method for researching the radiation characteristic of the high-power magnetic field source.
(1) Determining a magnetic field test position according to the structural characteristics of the high-power equipment, and selecting 3-4 typical positions on different surfaces for simultaneous test when the high-power equipment is in an axisymmetric structure; when the equipment is in an asymmetric structure, the test positions are added according to the requirement, and the multichannel vector magnetic field acquisition device is used for acquiring magnetic field data.
(2) The magnetic field acquisition device is used for measuring vector magnetic field values at the position, and has the functions of acquiring, quantizing, analyzing frequency spectrum and storing multi-position vector magnetic field data.
(3) The frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics of magnetic fields at different positions are analyzed, the number of magnetic dipoles is determined, generally, the more the number of the magnetic dipoles is, the more accurate the accuracy of the finally obtained equivalent model is, but the excessive magnetic dipoles greatly increase the searching and calculating process, and generally 20-30 alternating current dipoles are selected to form a dipole array.
(4) And limiting the positions of the magnetic dipoles to move in a certain horizontal plane, setting the condition number of the coefficient matrix of the magnetic dipole array to be minimum as an optimization target, and searching by adopting an optimization algorithm to obtain the position of the magnetic dipole with the minimum condition number.
(5) After the accurate positions of the magnetic dipoles are obtained, the magnetic field sizes of the magnetic dipoles can be accurately calculated, the magnetic field of the magnetic dipole array is calculated and compared with the measured data, and if the error between the calculated data and the measured data is less than 10%, the success of modeling of the magnetic dipole array is indicated. And if the error between the calculated data and the measured data is more than 10%, returning to the third step, and reselecting the number of the magnetic dipoles and the position of the moving horizontal plane until the requirements are met.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention performs an equivalent simulation of the magnetic field of a permanent magnet machine:
s1: arranging a magnetic field sensor according to measurement requirements; in this embodiment, according to the symmetry of the permanent magnet motor, four magnetic field sensors are arranged around the permanent magnet motor, and three measurement directions of the sensors are respectively X, Y, Z;
s2: collecting magnetic field data; acquiring magnetic field data of 4 positions of the permanent magnet motor;
s3: selecting the number of dipoles, and taking 3 orthogonal magnetic dipoles at each position; the number of the dipole arrays of the embodiment is 24, and the positions of the magnetic dipoles are limited to move in the central horizontal plane of the permanent magnet motor;
s4: referring to fig. 2, the condition number of the coefficient matrix of the magnetic dipole array is set to be minimum as an optimization target, a genetic algorithm is adopted to search the position of the magnetic dipole, after the search step number exceeds 60, the condition number is almost not reduced, and the search is stopped when the step number reaches 99;
s5: referring to fig. 3, the final position of the magnetic dipole array is obtained, the magnitude of the magnetic field is calculated according to the final position of the magnetic dipole array, and the magnitude of the magnetic field is compared with the test data adopted by modeling; referring to fig. 4, it can be seen that the error is negligible;
s6: and calculating the magnetic field of the other position under the working condition by using the magnetic dipole array model, comparing the data calculated by the model with the test data, and if the error between the data calculated by the model and the actually measured data is not more than 10% at most, the equivalent simulation of the magnetic field radiation source is successful.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An equivalent simulation method of a high-power magnetic field radiation source is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a magnetic field test position according to the structural characteristics of the high-power equipment;
s2: arranging a multi-channel vector magnetic field acquisition device at a test position, and acquiring magnetic field data;
s3: analyzing the frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics of the magnetic fields at different positions, and determining the number of magnetic dipoles;
s4: limiting the position of the magnetic dipole to move in a certain horizontal plane, setting the condition number of the coefficient matrix of the magnetic dipole array to be minimum as an optimization target, and searching by adopting an optimization algorithm to obtain the position of the magnetic dipole with the minimum condition number;
s5: calculating the size of a magnetic field according to the position of the magnetic dipole;
s6: calculating the magnetic field of the magnetic dipole array by using the magnetic dipole array model, comparing the calculated data and the test data of the model, and if the error between the calculated data and the measured data is less than or equal to 10%, indicating that the magnetic dipole array is successfully modeled; if the error between the calculated data and the measured data is greater than 10%, the procedure returns to step S3, and the number of magnetic dipoles and the position of the moving horizontal plane are reselected until the requirements are met.
2. The equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, the specific steps are as follows: when the high-power equipment is in an axisymmetric structure, selecting 3-4 typical positions on different surfaces for simultaneous testing; when the device is of an asymmetric structure, test positions are added as required.
3. The equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the multi-channel vector magnetic field collecting device is used to measure the vector magnetic field value at the location, and has the functions of collecting, quantizing, analyzing the frequency spectrum, and storing the multi-location vector magnetic field data.
4. The equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the effect of the field source in the volume V on the outside V is regarded as the effect of the equivalent source in the volume V on the outside V; equivalent sources include uniformly magnetized rotating ellipsoids and magnetic sources such as magnetic dipoles.
5. The equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, 20 to 30 magnetic dipoles are selected to form a dipole array.
6. The equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, assuming that the magnetic moment of the magnetic dipole in the magnetic field H is m, the included angle between m and the vector r is θ, and the direction of r is directed from the center of the magnetic dipole to the calculation field point, the scalar magnetic position of the collected magnetic dipole is:
due to the fact that
The magnetic field strength generated by the magnetic dipole is expressed in spherical coordinates as:
7. the equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step S4, since m, r ° and θ ° are in the same plane, the following steps are performed:
8. an equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 7,the method is characterized in that: in the step S5, the specific steps are as follows: let N magnetic dipoles with coordinates (u) in the target regioni,vi,wi) I ═ 1,2, …, N; let Mui,Mvi,MwiThe magnetic moment components of the ith magnetic dipole along the directions of the x axis, the y axis and the z axis respectively, the magnetic target is at the point Pj(xj,yj,zj) Three components of the magnetic field generated by the field
Comprises the following steps:
9. the equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step S6, if the magnetic field strength generated by the N magnetic dipole arrays in the region is H and the magnetic dipole array coefficient matrix is F, the magnetic field matrix equation of the magnetic dipole array is as follows:
H＝F·M (8)。
10. a computer storage medium, characterized in that: stored therein is a computer program executable by a computer processor, the computer program performing an equivalent simulation method of a high power magnetic field radiation source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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