CN111658164B

CN111658164B - Infection prevention device in bile duct lithotomy

Info

Publication number: CN111658164B
Application number: CN202010567520.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐昊; 刘冬; 张连阳
Original assignee: Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Army Specialized Medical Center
Current assignee: Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Army Specialized Medical Center
Priority date: 2020-06-19
Filing date: 2020-06-19
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-19
Also published as: CN111658164A

Abstract

The invention discloses an infection prevention device in a bile duct lithotomy, which comprises a main rod, a clamping mechanism and a leakage-proof cover, wherein the main rod is a hollow round rod; the clamping mechanism can be rotatably and coaxially arranged at one end of the main rod, the front end of the clamping mechanism can extend into the bile duct from the incision of the bile duct, and is clamped at the edge of the incision of the bile duct, and a sealing state is formed between the clamping mechanism and the edge of the incision; the anti-leakage cover is characterized in that one end of the anti-leakage cover is connected outside the clamping mechanism and covers the main rod, the other end of the anti-leakage cover is a free end, and an operation hole communicated with the inner wall of the anti-leakage cover is formed in the bottom of the free end. The infection prevention device in the bile duct calculus removing operation can effectively prevent bile and other liquid from flowing from an incision in a messy way in the calculus removing operation, thereby reducing the probability of abdominal cavity infection.

Description

Infection prevention device in bile duct lithotomy

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for preventing infection in a bile duct lithotomy.

Background

Bile duct stones are one of the clinical cholelithiasis diseases, and are classified into extrahepatic bile duct stones and intrahepatic bile duct stones according to the position of the stones. Stones located at the lower end of the common bile duct are called extrahepatic bile duct stones; and stones distributed in the intrahepatic bile duct are called intrahepatic bile duct stones. In addition, stones formed in the bile duct are collectively referred to as primary bile duct stones, and those with gallbladder stones discharged to the common bile duct for various reasons are referred to as secondary bile duct stones. The most common clinical symptoms are pain in the upper abdomen, which can be distending pain or colic, and some patients are accompanied by fever. Jaundice can be produced when the hepatic duct is obstructed.

In the calculus removing operation of the bile duct, an incision is usually made directly along the longitudinal axis of the wall of the bile duct, a choledochoscope is inserted into the bile duct through the incision for exploration, and the lens of the bile duct is washed by washing liquid discontinuously, so that the size and the shape of the bile duct calculus can be clearly displayed. However, during the biliary tract exploration and washing liquid flushing process, bile and washing liquid are inevitably overflowed from the opening of the bile duct and enter the abdominal cavity, and abdominal abscess and infection are easily caused. Meanwhile, bile overflow and partial outflow of broken stones can also occur in the process of removing stones from the bile duct, and the overflow parts can basically flow into the abdominal cavity directly or indirectly, so that abscess and infection of the abdominal cavity are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the infection prevention device in the bile duct calculus removing operation, which can effectively prevent bile and other liquid from flowing around from an incision in the calculus removing operation, thereby reducing the probability of abdominal cavity infection.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an infection prevention apparatus in a choledochostomy, comprising:

the main rod is a hollow round rod;

the clamping mechanism is rotatably and coaxially arranged at one end of the main rod, the front end of the clamping mechanism can extend into the bile duct from the incision of the bile duct, and is clamped at the edge of the incision of the bile duct, and a sealing state is formed between the clamping mechanism and the edge of the incision; and

the leak protection cover, leak protection cover one end is connected outside clamping mechanism, and will the mobile jib cover is established including, the other one end of leak protection cover is the free end, the bottom of free end seted up with the handle hole of leak protection cover inner wall intercommunication.

Further, the clamping mechanism comprises a sleeve, a support rod, an elastic piece, an elastic membrane and a pressing plate; the sleeve is sleeved at the end part of the main rod and can move back and forth along the main rod, a plurality of support rods are arranged at the end part of the main rod, which is positioned on the sleeve, and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of elastic pieces are arranged between every two support rods, and the elastic pieces are all in a compression state; the elastic membrane covers and is connected with all the support rods and the elastic pieces, and the pressure plate is sleeved on the sleeve and can slide along the sleeve.

Further, the inner wall of telescopic bottom is provided with first stopper, the internal diameter of first stopper is greater than the external diameter of mobile jib and is less than the internal diameter of mobile jib.

Further, the outer wall of telescopic bottom is provided with the second stopper, the external diameter of second stopper is greater than the internal diameter of pressure disk.

Further, clamping mechanism still includes the promotion subassembly, the promotion subassembly includes drive gear, drive gear can the pivoted setting be in telescopic outer wall, the second perforation has been seted up on the telescopic lateral wall, one side of drive gear passes the second perforation is located in the sleeve, along its axial interval is even on the outer wall of mobile jib be provided with a plurality of teeth, and the tooth with drive gear meshes.

Further, clamping mechanism still includes the locker, the locker sets up on the telescopic outer wall, works as the pressure disk slides to the sleeve is kept away from when the bottom of mobile jib, the locker can with the pressure disk locking.

Furthermore, the locker comprises an elastic sheet, a first through hole is formed in the side wall of one end, away from the main rod, of the sleeve, the top end of the elastic sheet is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the other end of the elastic sheet obliquely penetrates out of the first through hole.

Further, the pressure plate is provided with a stripping hole on the end face close to the front end of the sleeve, the stripping hole is L-shaped and extends inwards from the end face of the pressure plate.

Furthermore, the leakage-proof cover is a transparent body, the leakage-proof cover is a conical body, and the small end of the leakage-proof cover is flexibly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve.

Further, a drainage tube is arranged on the leakage-proof cover and extends to the outside of the body.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the infection prevention device in the bile duct calculus removal operation comprises: the anti-infection device for the bile duct lithotomy can be conveniently and firmly fixed on the incision through the clamping mechanism; the leakage-proof cover is used for collecting liquid such as bile. The invention has obvious advantages: 1. the clamping mechanism is convenient and simple to use, firm in fixation and capable of sealing; 2. the leakage-proof bag provides an overflow space for the operation, prevents bile and other liquid from flowing out during the operation and obviously reduces the infection risk.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an infection prevention device for a bile duct lithotomy according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping mechanism of an infection prevention device for bile duct lithotomy for inserting a bile duct;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the state of the stay bar, the elastic member and the elastic membrane of the infection prevention device during the choledochostomy in the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the spreading state of the stay bar, the elastic member and the elastic membrane in the device for preventing infection in the choledochostomy according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a platen of an infection prevention device for a cholangiotomy according to the present invention;

reference numerals: 1-bile duct, 2-incision, 100-main shaft, 110-tooth, 200-clamping mechanism, 210-sleeve, 211-first perforation, 212-second perforation, 220-stay bar, 230-elastic piece, 240-elastic membrane, 250-pressure plate, 251-stripping hole, 260-first limit hole, 270-second limit hole, 280-pushing component, 290-locker, 300-leakage-proof cover, 310-operation hole.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an infection prevention apparatus for a calculus removal operation of a bile duct, which includes a main shaft 100 and a clamping mechanism 200, and is used for preventing bile or a washing fluid from flowing out of an incision 2 in the calculus removal operation of the bile duct 1.

The main rod 100 is a hollow round rod. The clamping mechanism 200 is used to clamp the edge of the incision 2 for fixation. The clamping mechanism 200 is rotatably and coaxially arranged at one end of the main rod 100, the front end of the clamping mechanism 200 can extend into the bile duct 1 from the incision 2 of the bile duct 1 and is clamped at the edge of the incision 2 of the bile duct 1, and a sealing state is formed between the front end and the edge of the incision 2.

Specifically, the clamping mechanism 200 includes a sleeve 210, a stay 220, an elastic member 230, an elastic membrane 240, and a platen 250. The sleeve 210 is sleeved on the end of the main rod 100 and can move back and forth along the main rod 100. The stay 220 is plural, and the plural stays 220 are provided at the end of the main rod 100 at the sleeve 210 and arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality of elastic members 230 are disposed between every two struts 220, and the elastic members 230 are all in a compressed state. In particular implementations, the resilient member 230 may preferably be a spring. The elastic membrane 240 covers and is connected to all the support rods 220 and the elastic members 230, and the platen 250 is fitted over the sleeve 210 and can slide along the sleeve 210. In the calculus removal of the bile duct 1, an incision 2 is firstly made in the bile duct 1 along the length direction of the bile duct 1, and then the bottom end of a sleeve 210 is inserted into the incision 2, wherein the diameter of the sleeve 210 is matched with the opening size of the incision 2. Then, the main rod 100 is driven to move the main rod 100 towards the incision 2, the struts 220 in the sleeve 210 move together and slowly extend out from the bottom of the sleeve 210, all the struts 220 slowly spread in a petal shape under the action of all the elastic members 230 and stretch the elastic membrane 240 to form a bottom plate, and then the pressure plate 250 is driven to move towards the bottom plate until the pressure plate 250 is pressed on the bottom plate, so that the bottom plate and the pressure plate 250 are driven to firmly clamp the edge of the incision 2, and bile or other liquid is prevented from flowing out from a gap between the bottom plate and the pressure plate.

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the operator to recognize the movement of the main rod 100 and prevent the main rod 100 from sliding out of the bottom of the sleeve 210, a first stopper 260 is disposed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sleeve 210, and the inner diameter of the first stopper 260 is larger than the outer diameter of the main rod 100 and smaller than the inner diameter of the main rod 100. When the main rod 100 moves to the bottom of the sleeve 210, it will abut against the first stopper 260, that is, when the main rod 100 moves to the bottom of the sleeve 210, the diameter of the chassis is at the maximum.

Preferably, the outer wall of the bottom end of the sleeve 210 is provided with a second stopper 270, and the outer diameter of the second stopper 270 is larger than the inner diameter of the pressure plate 250. The second stop 270 may be positioned such that the platen 250 falls off the bottom end of the sleeve 210.

In this embodiment, the outer wall of the sleeve 210 may be provided as a taper with a small upper portion and a large lower portion, and when the pressure plate 250 moves to the bottom end of the sleeve 210, the pressure plate 250 and the sleeve 210 are fixed by friction, and as a preferred embodiment, the clamping mechanism 200 further includes a locker 290. The lockers 290 are provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 210, and the lockers 290 can lock the pressure plate 250 when the pressure plate 250 is slid to the bottom end of the sleeve 210 away from the main lever 100. The locking device 290 includes a resilient plate, a first through hole 211 is formed on a side wall of one end of the sleeve 210 far away from the main rod 100, a top end of the resilient plate is disposed on an inner wall of the sleeve 210, and the other end of the resilient plate obliquely penetrates through the first through hole 211. When the pressure plate 250 moves to the bottom of the sleeve 210, the inner edge of the pressure plate 250 presses against the elasticity and continues to advance along with the pressure plate 250, the elastic sheet is pressed into the sleeve 210, and when the pressure plate 250 is pressed on the wall of the bile duct 1 and stops moving, the elastic sheet penetrates out of the first through hole 211 again under the action of the elasticity of the elastic sheet, so that the position of the pressure plate 250 can be locked.

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate separation of the platen 250 from the chassis after the operation is completed, the platen 250 has a stripping hole 251 formed in an end surface thereof near the front end of the sleeve 210, and the stripping hole 251 extends inward from the end surface of the platen 250. The nipper with the hook is extended into the stripping hole 251 to pull the pressure plate 250, so that the pressure plate 250 can be driven to fall off from the chassis,

in this embodiment, to facilitate driving the main lever 100, the clamping mechanism 200 further includes a pushing assembly 280. Specifically, the pushing assembly 280 includes a driving gear, and the driving gear is rotatably disposed on an outer wall of the sleeve 210, a second perforation 212 is formed on a side wall of the sleeve 210, and one side of the driving gear passes through the second perforation 212 and is located inside the sleeve 210. A plurality of teeth 110 are provided on an outer wall of the main lever 100 at regular intervals along an axial direction thereof, and the teeth 110 are engaged with the driving gear. When the main rod 100 needs to be driven to move towards the bottom end of the sleeve 210, the main rod 100 can be driven to move towards the bottom end of the sleeve 210 only by using two tweezers, one tweezers is used for clamping the sleeve 210, and the other tweezers is used for shifting the teeth 110 on the driving gear anticlockwise; similarly, if the driving gear is pulled clockwise, the main rod 100 can be driven to move away from the bottom end of the sleeve 210.

The leakage prevention cap 300 serves to contain bile and other liquids flowing out of the primary shaft 100. One end of the leakage-proof cover 300 is connected to the outside of the clamping mechanism 200 and covers the main rod 100, the other end of the leakage-proof cover 300 is a free end, and the bottom of the free end is provided with an operation hole 310 communicated with the inner wall of the leakage-proof cover 300. The size of the operation hole 310 is matched with the size of the biliary duct 1 calculus removing surgical instrument, namely: can just lead the surgical equipment to pass through. In use, surgical equipment is inserted into the bile duct 1 from the main shaft 100 after passing through the operation hole 310.

In this embodiment, the leakage preventing cover 300 is a transparent body, the leakage preventing cover 300 is a cone, and the small end of the leakage preventing cover 300 is flexibly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 210. The transparent body is convenient for operation, and the conical body is beneficial to containing liquid flowing out from the incision 2; the flexible connection is turned over, and the surgical instrument can rotate at any angle in the operation process. In addition, a drainage tube is provided on the leakage preventing cover 300, and the drainage tube extends to the outside of the body. When the liquid in the leakage-proof cover 300 is too much, the liquid in the leakage-proof cover 300 can be guided out through the drainage tube.

The specific use mode of the infection prevention device in the bile duct lithotomy is as follows:

when the biliary duct opener is used, firstly, an operation visual field is found, the biliary duct 1 is cut along the longitudinal direction of the biliary duct 1, then, the sleeve 210 is clamped through one forceps, the driving gear is shifted counterclockwise through the other forceps to roll, the main rod 100 is driven to move towards the incision 2, the support rods 220 in the sleeve 210 slowly extend out of the bottom of the sleeve 210 and slowly disperse in a petal shape, the elastic membrane 240 is spread to form a chassis, after the main rod 100 moves to the lowest end, the pressure plate 250 is driven towards the direction close to the cut until the pressure plate 250 is tightly pressed on the chassis, the edge of the incision 2 is firmly clamped, and at the moment, the locker 210, namely the elastic sheet, locks the pressure plate 250. Finally, the surgical instrument is inserted into the main rod 100 through the operation hole 310 of the leakage-proof cover 300, so that the surgical operation such as stone extraction can be performed. During use, bile or other washing liquid flows into the leakage-proof cover 300 through the main shaft 100, and when the liquid is excessive, the drainage can be performed through the drainage tube.

After the operation is completed, the elastic sheet is pressed by the forceps, the elastic sheet is driven to retract into the first through hole 211, then the forceps with hooks extend into the stripping hole 251 to pull the pressure plate 250, the pressure plate 250 can be driven to fall off from the chassis, finally, the driving gear is rotated reversely, the main rod 100 is driven to move towards the bottom end of the sleeve 210, the support rod 220 can be driven to retract into the sleeve 210, and the sleeve 210 can be taken out after the support rod 220 is completely retracted into the sleeve 210.

The infection prevention device in the bile duct calculus removal operation comprises: including mobile jib 100, clamping mechanism 200 and leak protection cover 300, through clamping mechanism 200, can be convenient and have firmly fix this infection prevention device in the bile duct lithotomy on incision 2, clamping mechanism 200 comprises sleeve 210, a plurality of vaulting poles 220, a plurality of elastic component 230, elastic membrane 240 and pressure disk 250, a plurality of vaulting poles 220, a plurality of elastic component 230 and elastic membrane 240 form the chassis after stretching out from the bottom of sleeve 210, pressure disk 250 is at bile duct 1 for forming the clamping state with the chassis, can firmly centre gripping bile duct 1, prevent to drop. The first limit block 260 is used for limiting the movement of the main rod 100, and the locker 290 and the second limit block 270 are used for limiting the platen 250 up and down; the driving gear is used for driving the main rod 100 to move; the peeling holes 251 facilitate separation of the platen 250 from the chassis; the leakage-proof cover 300 prevents bile and other liquid in the operation from flowing into the abdominal cavity randomly, and obviously reduces the infection risk. Meanwhile, the leakage-proof cover 300 is a transparent cone, so that the operation is convenient, meanwhile, the collection of bile and other liquid is convenient, the drainage tube conducts convenient drainage, and the excessive liquid of the leakage-proof cover 300 is prevented from overflowing or flowing back into the bile duct 1.

Finally, it should be noted that: while there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An infection prevention device in a bile duct lithotomy, comprising:

the main rod is a hollow round rod;

one end of the leakage-proof cover is connected outside the clamping mechanism and covers the main rod, the other end of the leakage-proof cover is a free end, and the bottom of the free end is provided with an operation hole communicated with the inner wall of the leakage-proof cover;

the clamping mechanism comprises a sleeve, a support rod, an elastic piece, an elastic membrane and a pressing plate; the sleeve is sleeved at the end part of the main rod and can move back and forth along the main rod, a plurality of support rods are arranged at the end part of the main rod, which is positioned on the sleeve, and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of elastic pieces are arranged between every two support rods, and the elastic pieces are all in a compression state; the elastic membrane covers and is connected with all the support rods and the elastic pieces, and the pressure plate is sleeved on the sleeve and can slide along the sleeve;

clamping mechanism still includes the promotion subassembly, the promotion subassembly includes drive gear, drive gear can the pivoted setting be in telescopic outer wall, the second perforation has been seted up on the telescopic lateral wall, one side of drive gear is passed the second is perforated and is located in the sleeve, along its axial interval is even on the outer wall of mobile jib be provided with a plurality of teeth, and tooth with drive gear meshes.

2. The device for preventing infection in the bile duct lithotomy according to claim 1, wherein a first limit block is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sleeve, and the inner diameter of the first limit block is larger than the outer diameter of the main rod and smaller than the inner diameter of the main rod.

3. The device for preventing infection in the bile duct lithotomy according to claim 1, wherein a second limiting block is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the sleeve, and the outer diameter of the second limiting block is larger than the inner diameter of the pressure plate.

4. The device for preventing infection in a bile duct lithotomy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism further comprises a locker provided on an outer wall of the sleeve, the locker being capable of locking the pressure plate when the pressure plate is slid to a bottom end of the sleeve away from the main rod.

5. The device for preventing infection in the choledocholithiasis as claimed in claim 4, wherein the locking device comprises a spring, a first through hole is formed on the side wall of one end of the sleeve far away from the main rod, the top end of the spring is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the other end of the spring obliquely penetrates through the first through hole.

6. The device for preventing infection in the choledocholithiasis according to claim 1, wherein the end face of the pressure plate near the front end of the sleeve is provided with a stripping hole, and the stripping hole is L-shaped and extends inwards from the end face of the pressure plate.

7. The device for preventing infection in the choledochostomy according to claim 1, wherein the leakage-proof cover is a transparent body, the leakage-proof cover is a cone-shaped body, and the small end of the leakage-proof cover is flexibly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve.

8. The device for preventing infection in the choledochostomy according to claim 6, wherein a drainage tube is arranged on the leakage-proof cover, and the drainage tube extends to the outside of the body.