CN111208281B - Device and method for testing liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in cement hydration process - Google Patents
Device and method for testing liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in cement hydration process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing device for liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in a cement hydration process, which comprises a sealing slurry cup for containing cement slurry, wherein a shear wave collecting device for collecting shear waves of the cement slurry, a longitudinal wave collecting device for collecting longitudinal waves of the cement slurry, a pressure control system for controlling the pressure in the sealing slurry cup, a volume collecting system for measuring the volume change of the cement slurry in the sealing slurry cup and a heating measuring device for heating the cement slurry are arranged on the sealing slurry cup; the shear wave acquisition device, the longitudinal wave acquisition device, the pressure control system, the volume acquisition system and the heating measurement device are connected with a computer system. The invention not only can accurately measure the volume change of the cement paste in three stages of liquid state, plastic state and solid state, but also is convenient to monitor the stage of the volume shrinkage of the cement paste mainly acted by the expanding agent, which has important significance for the evaluation and the optimization of the expanding agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling and well cementation engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in a cement hydration process.
Background
In the well cementation construction process, cement paste is filled in an annular space between a casing and a well hole, and a cement ring formed after condensation and solidification supports the well wall, the protective casing and the oil-gas-water layer. Usually, the volume of cement paste per se can shrink, so that the cementing quality of a cement sheath at the later stage cannot be guaranteed, and problems of interlayer channeling, annular pressure and the like are caused. By monitoring the time-varying process of the cement paste volume shrinkage, the method has important significance for reasonably researching and developing an expanded cement paste system and solving the problem of the cement paste volume shrinkage. Through years of research and development, great progress has been made at home and abroad on cement slurry volume shrinkage testing devices (such as WangXiaojing high-temperature and high-pressure volume expansion shrinkage tester for oil well cement, CN102928578A and Lining well cement slurry volume change tester and testing method, CN103245773A, Zhanghua volume expansion shrinkage testing device, CN205138938U and the like).
The method for inhibiting the volume shrinkage of the cement paste is to add the oil well cement expanding agent which is various in types, and for the oil well cement, the expansion material preferably has the effect that when the cement paste is in a plastic state, the volume of the cement paste is not shrunk, and micro-expansion is generated when the cement paste is in a solid state, so that the volume shrinkage of the cement paste is reduced, and the internal structure of a cement stone cannot be damaged due to later-stage excessive expansion. Therefore, a volume expansion and contraction testing device is needed, which can monitor the volume change of the cement slurry in the whole process from liquid state to solid state, and can accurately measure the volume change of the cement slurry in three stages of liquid state, plastic state and solid state, so that the effect of the expanding agent is monitored and mainly used in which stage of the cement slurry, and the expanding agent can be evaluated and optimized more finely.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a testing device and a testing method which can realize continuous monitoring of the volume change of cement paste and can distinguish the volume change of three liquid-plastic-solid stages in the hydration process.
A testing device for liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process comprises a sealing slurry cup for containing cement slurry, wherein a shear wave collecting device for collecting shear waves of the cement slurry, a longitudinal wave collecting device for collecting longitudinal waves of the cement slurry, a pressure control system for controlling the pressure in the sealing slurry cup, a volume collecting system for measuring the volume change of the cement slurry in the sealing slurry cup and a heating measuring device for heating the cement slurry are arranged on the sealing slurry cup;
the shear wave acquisition device, the longitudinal wave acquisition device, the pressure control system, the volume acquisition system and the heating measurement device are connected with a computer system.
Further, the device for testing the liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process comprises a shear wave transmitter, a shear wave receiver and a sound wave acquisition system; the longitudinal wave acquisition device comprises a longitudinal wave transmitter, a longitudinal wave receiver and a sound wave acquisition system;
one ends of the shear wave emitter and the longitudinal wave emitter are respectively inserted into the cement paste, and the other ends of the shear wave emitter and the longitudinal wave emitter are respectively connected with the sound wave acquisition system; the longitudinal wave receiver and the shear wave receiver are respectively arranged on the top cover of the sealed slurry cup; the longitudinal wave emitter and the shear wave emitter are respectively arranged on the bottom cover of the sealed slurry cup.
Further, according to the device for testing the liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process, the surfaces of the shear wave transmitter, the shear wave receiver, the longitudinal wave transmitter and the longitudinal wave receiver are respectively coated with a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil.
Further, the testing device for the liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process comprises a pressure control system, a pressure sensor, a pressure control system and a liquid medium, wherein the pressure control system comprises a pressurization and pressure relief opening arranged on the sealed slurry cup, and the liquid medium is arranged on the upper surface of cement slurry in the sealed slurry cup;
the pressure increasing and releasing port is connected with a pressure control system through a hydraulic pipeline, and the pressure control system can control the flow of liquid medium flowing into or out of the sealing slurry cup through the hydraulic pipeline; the signal acquisition end of the pressure sensor is connected with the pressure control system, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected with the computer system;
the diameter d cm and the height h of the cement paste1cm, the upper end surface of the cement paste is in direct contact with the liquid medium, the hydration reaction and the later strength of the upper end surface of the cement paste cannot be influenced by the direct contact of the liquid medium and the cement paste, and the height h of the liquid medium2cm, cement slurry expansion height h3cm, satisfies h1＞＞h2>h3。
Further, as above, the testing apparatus for three-state volume change of liquid, plastic and solid in the cement hydration process, the volume acquisition system includes: a precision flow sensor and a volume change acquisition system;
the acquisition end of the precise flow sensor is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline and used for measuring the flow of the liquid medium passing through the hydraulic pipeline, the signal output end of the precise flow sensor is connected to a volume change acquisition system, and the volume change acquisition system is connected with a computer system.
Further, the device for testing the volume change of the liquid, plastic and solid in the cement hydration process as described above, the heating measuring device comprises: the system comprises a heater, an external coupling temperature sensor for measuring the heating temperature of the heater, an internal coupling temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of cement paste and a temperature control system;
the signal output ends of the inner coupling temperature sensor and the outer coupling temperature sensor and the heater are respectively connected with a temperature control system, and the signal output end of the temperature control system is connected with a computer system.
A test method for liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process comprises the steps of testing the liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change by a test device for the liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process; this testing arrangement of solid tristate volume change is moulded to liquid in cement hydration process includes: the device comprises a top cover, a liquid medium, a sealing slurry cup, a heater, cement slurry, a pressurizing and pressure-releasing port, a bottom cover, an internal coupling temperature sensor, an external coupling temperature sensor, a temperature control system, a pressure sensor, a pressure control system, a precise flow sensor, a volume change acquisition system, a longitudinal wave transmitter, a longitudinal wave receiver, a shear wave transmitter, a shear wave receiver, an acoustic wave acquisition system and a computer system;
the measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the bottom cover is arranged on the lower end face of the slurry cup through threads at the bottom of the slurry cup, the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter and the internal coupling temperature sensor are arranged on the bottom cover through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter and the internal coupling temperature sensor are in direct contact with the cement slurry, and a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil can be respectively coated on the surface of the bottom cover for convenience in disassembly;
(2) preparing cement slurry of a corresponding system according to the formula requirements, and then injecting the cement slurry into a slurry cup1The top cover is arranged on the upper end face of the slurry cup through the top threads of the slurry cup at the cm scale, the longitudinal wave receiver and the shear wave receiver are arranged on the top cover through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave receiver and the shear wave receiver are in direct contact with cement slurry, and a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil can be respectively coated on the surfaces of the longitudinal wave receiver and the shear wave receiver for convenience in disassembly;
(3) connecting an internal coupling temperature sensor and an external coupling temperature sensor to a temperature control system through data lines, connecting a heating pipeline at one end of a heater to the temperature control system, and connecting a temperature sensor port on the temperature control system to a computer system through a data line;
(4) one end of a pressure sensor is connected to a pressure control system, and the other end of the pressure sensor is connected to a computer system; one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the pressure control system, and the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the pressurizing and pressure releasing port through a nut buckle;
(5) one end of a precision flow sensor is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the precision flow sensor is connected to a volume change acquisition system, and a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system is connected to a computer system through a data line;
(6) connecting a longitudinal wave transmitter, a longitudinal wave receiver, a shear wave transmitter and a shear wave receiver to a sound wave acquisition system through data lines, and connecting a sound wave acquisition port on the sound wave acquisition system to a computer system through the data lines;
(7) starting a pressure control system, injecting a liquid medium into the slurry cup, unscrewing a nut buckle on a pressurizing and pressure-releasing port, screwing the nut buckle when the liquid medium flows out of a screw thread, and filling the upper part of the slurry cup with the liquid medium;
(8) a power supply of a temperature control system is turned on, the temperature, the pressure and the temperature rise and pressure rise time are set according to the actual working conditions, a program is started, the temperature control system and the pressure control system can automatically rise and boost the temperature and the pressure according to the program process, and when the temperature and the pressure rise time reaches the set temperature and pressure values, the temperature and pressure control system can automatically keep the temperature and the pressure, so that the temperature and the pressure environment of cement paste are stable;
(9) when a temperature rise and pressure rise program is started, simultaneously starting an acoustic wave acquisition system, and monitoring real-time changes of longitudinal waves and shear waves in the cement paste temperature rise and pressure rise stage and the cement paste maintenance stage;
(10) after the temperature rise and pressure rise process is finished, opening a precise flow sensor, starting a volume change acquisition system, monitoring the volume change of a liquid medium in the slurry cup in real time, converting the volume change value into the volume change value of the cement slurry through the volume change acquisition system, and transmitting the real-time acquisition value to a computer system through a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system;
(11) after the experiment is finished, a cement paste volume change curve graph is stored, programs of a temperature control system, a pressure control system, a volume change acquisition system and a sound wave acquisition system are closed, after the temperature of the instrument is reduced, the pressure in the slurry cup is removed, an internal coupling temperature sensor, a longitudinal wave transmitter, a longitudinal wave receiver, a shear wave transmitter and a shear wave receiver are removed, a top cover and a bottom cover are removed, cement stones in the slurry cup are removed, the slurry cup is cleaned, power supplies of all the control system, the acquisition system and a computer system are closed, and the experiment is finished.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the liquid medium is directly contacted with the cement paste, and the volume change of the cement paste can be detected in real time no matter the cement paste is in a liquid state, a plastic state or a solid state, so that the accuracy and the continuity of instrument detection are ensured.
(2) The invention utilizes the action mechanisms of longitudinal waves and shear waves to facilitate the distinguishing of the liquid state, the plastic state and the solid state of the cement paste, and the combined analysis of the sound wave acquisition system and the volume change acquisition system can not only accurately measure the volume change of the cement paste in the three stages of the liquid state, the plastic state and the solid state, but also facilitate the monitoring of the stage of the volume shrinkage of the cement paste on which the expanding agent mainly acts, which has important significance for the evaluation and the optimization of the expanding agent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing device for three-state volume change of liquid, plastic and solid in an oil well cement hydration process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the volume change test results of cement paste containing the expanding agent 1 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of the volume change test of cement slurry containing a swelling agent 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the volume change test result of cement slurry containing a swelling agent 3 provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is not limited to the evaluation of the expanding agent, and aims at the volume change of the cement paste, can realize continuous monitoring and distinguish the change of each stage, and provides technical support for the evaluation and modification of the cement paste.
The invention provides a device and a method for testing liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in an oil well cement hydration process, which mainly comprise a top cover 1, a liquid medium 2, a cup wall 3 of a slurry cup, a heater 4, cement slurry 5, a pressurizing and pressure-releasing port 6, a bottom cover 7, an internal coupling temperature sensor 8, an external coupling temperature sensor 9, a temperature control system 10, a pressure sensor 11, a pressure control system 12, a precise flow sensor 13, a volume change acquisition system 14, a longitudinal wave emitter 15, a longitudinal wave receiver 16, a shear wave emitter 17, a shear wave receiver 18, an acoustic wave acquisition system 19, a computer system 20 and the like.
The top cover 1 is fixed on the upper end face of the pulp cup through threads on the upper part of the pulp cup, and is convenient to detach and install.
The liquid medium 2 is injected and released into the pulp cup through the pressurization and pressure relief port 6 by the pressure control system 12.
The outer diameter D cm, the wall thickness T cm and the height H cm of the cup wall 3 of the pulp cup are externally provided with a heater 4 and an external coupling temperature sensor 9.
The cement paste has a diameter of 5 d cm and a height of h1cm, the upper end surface of the liquid medium is in direct contact with the liquid medium 2, the hydration reaction and the later strength of the upper end surface of the cement paste cannot be influenced by the direct contact of the liquid medium 2 and the cement paste, and the volume change of the cement paste can be detected in real time no matter the cement paste is in a liquid state, a plastic state or a solid state, so that the accuracy of instrument detection is ensured, and the height h of the liquid medium 2 is small2cm, cement slurry expansion height h3cm, satisfies h1＞＞h2>h3。
The bottom cover 7 is fixed on the lower end face of the pulp cup through threads on the lower portion of the pulp cup, and is convenient to detach and install.
One end of the inner coupling temperature sensor 8 is arranged on the bottom cover 7 through a sealing ring, and the other end is connected to a temperature control system 10 through a data line.
The temperature control system 10 has four main connection ports, which are respectively connected with the heater 4, the inner coupling temperature sensor 8, the outer coupling temperature sensor 9 and the computer system 20.
The pressure sensor 11 has one end connected to the hydraulic line and the other end connected to the computer system 20.
The pressure control system 12 has a precise pressure control function and can keep the pressure in the pulp cup stable in real time.
And one end of the precision flow sensor 13 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, and the other end of the precision flow sensor is connected to a volume change acquisition system 14.
The volume change acquisition system 14 is provided with two main connecting ports which are respectively connected with the precise flow sensor 13 and the computer system 20, and can realize continuous monitoring on the volume change of the whole hydration and solidification process of cement paste.
One end of the longitudinal wave emitter 15 is installed on the bottom cover 7 through a sealing ring, and the other end of the longitudinal wave emitter is connected to the sound wave acquisition system 19 through a data line.
One end of the shear wave emitter 17 is mounted on the bottom cover 7 through a sealing ring, and the other end of the shear wave emitter is connected to the sound wave acquisition system 19 through a data line.
The sound wave acquisition system 19 is provided with five main connection ports which are respectively connected with a longitudinal wave transmitter 15, a longitudinal wave receiver 16, a shear wave transmitter 17, a shear wave receiver 18 and a computer system 20, integrates data acquired by the sound wave acquisition system (19) and the volume change acquisition system (14), and measures the volume change of cement paste in three stages of liquid state, plastic state and solid state in sections.
The computer system 20 can record the change process and the current value of curves such as temperature, pressure, volume change, sound wave and the like in real time.
The invention also provides a test method based on the test device, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
1. the bottom cover 7 is arranged on the lower end face of the slurry cup through threads at the bottom of the slurry cup, the longitudinal wave emitter 15, the shear wave emitter 17 and the inner coupling temperature sensor 8 are arranged on the bottom cover 7 through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter and the inner coupling temperature sensor are all in direct contact with cement slurry, and in order to be convenient to disassemble, a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil can be respectively coated on the surface of the bottom cover.
2. Preparing cement paste of a corresponding system according to the formula requirement, then injecting the cement paste into the inside of the slurry cup at a scale of h1 cm, installing the top cover 1 on the upper end surface of the slurry cup through the top thread of the slurry cup, installing the longitudinal wave receiver 16 and the shear wave receiver 18 on the top cover 1 through the sealing ring, directly contacting the two with the cement paste, and respectively coating a layer of high-temperature resistant lubricating oil on the surface of the top cover for the convenience of disassembly.
3. The internal coupling temperature sensor 8 and the external coupling temperature sensor 9 are connected to a temperature control system 10 through data lines, a heating pipeline at one end of the heater 4 is connected to the temperature control system 10, and a temperature sensor port on the temperature control system 10 is connected to a computer system 20 through a data line.
4. One end of a pressure sensor 11 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the pressure sensor is connected to a computer system 20, one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressure control system 12, and the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressurizing and pressure releasing port 6 through a nut buckle.
5. One end of the precision flow sensor 13 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the precision flow sensor is connected to the volume change acquisition system 14, and a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14 is connected to the computer system 20 through a data line.
6. The longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18 are connected to the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 through data lines, and the acoustic wave acquisition port on the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 is connected to the computer system 20 through data lines.
7. And starting the pressure control system 12, injecting the liquid medium 2 into the pulp cup, unscrewing the nut buckle on the pressure increasing and relieving port 6, screwing the nut buckle when the liquid medium flows out of the screw buckle, and filling the liquid medium 2 into the upper part of the pulp cup.
8. And (3) starting a power supply of the temperature control system 10, setting temperature, pressure and temperature rise and pressure rise time according to actual working conditions, starting a program, automatically raising the temperature and pressure according to a program process by the temperature control system 10 and the pressure control system 12, and automatically preserving heat and pressure by the temperature and pressure control system when the temperature and pressure rise time reaches the set temperature and pressure value, so that the temperature and pressure environment of cement paste is stable.
9. When the temperature rise and pressure rise program is started, the sound wave acquisition system 19 is started at the same time, and real-time changes of longitudinal waves and shear waves in the cement paste temperature rise and pressure rise stage and the cement paste maintenance stage are monitored.
10. And after the temperature rise and pressure rise process is finished, the precise flow sensor 13 is turned on, the volume change acquisition system 14 is started, the volume change of the liquid medium 2 in the slurry cup is monitored in real time, the volume change value of the slurry is converted into a volume change value of the slurry through the volume change acquisition system 14, and then the real-time acquisition value is transmitted to the computer system 20 through a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14.
11. After the experiment is finished, storing a cement slurry volume change curve graph, closing programs of the temperature control system 10, the pressure control system 12, the volume change acquisition system 14 and the sound wave acquisition system 19, after the temperature of the instrument is reduced, removing the pressure in the slurry cup, removing the internal coupling temperature sensor 8, the longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18, removing the top cover 1 and the bottom cover 7, removing cement stones in the slurry cup, cleaning the slurry cup, closing power supplies of each control system, each acquisition system and each computer system, and finishing the experiment.
Example one
The volume change test of the cement slurry containing the expanding agent 1 is implemented as follows:
1. the bottom cover 7 is arranged on the lower end face of the slurry cup through threads at the bottom of the slurry cup, the longitudinal wave emitter 15, the shear wave emitter 17 and the inner coupling temperature sensor 8 are arranged on the bottom cover 7 through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter and the inner coupling temperature sensor are all in direct contact with cement slurry, and in order to be convenient to disassemble, a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil can be respectively coated on the surface of the bottom cover.
2. Preparing a cement paste system containing an expanding agent 1 according to the formula requirement, then injecting the cement paste system into the slurry cup at a scale of h1 cm, installing a top cover 1 on the upper end surface of the slurry cup through the top thread of the slurry cup, installing a longitudinal wave receiver 16 and a shear wave receiver 18 on the top cover 1 through sealing rings, directly contacting the cement paste, and respectively coating a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil on the surface of the top cover for convenient disassembly.
3. The internal coupling temperature sensor 8 and the external coupling temperature sensor 9 are connected to a temperature control system 10 through data lines, a heating pipeline at one end of the heater 4 is connected to the temperature control system 10, and a temperature sensor port on the temperature control system 10 is connected to a computer system 20 through a data line.
4. One end of a pressure sensor 11 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the pressure sensor is connected to a computer system 20, one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressure control system 12, and the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressurizing and pressure releasing port 6 through a nut buckle.
5. One end of the precision flow sensor 13 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the precision flow sensor is connected to the volume change acquisition system 14, and a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14 is connected to the computer system 20 through a data line.
6. The longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18 are connected to the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 through data lines, and the acoustic wave acquisition port on the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 is connected to the computer system 20 through data lines.
7. And starting the pressure control system 12, injecting the liquid medium 2 into the pulp cup, unscrewing the nut buckle on the pressurization and pressure relief port 6, screwing the nut buckle when the liquid medium flows out of the screw thread, and filling the liquid medium 2 into the upper part of the pulp cup.
8. And (3) starting a power supply of the temperature control system 10, setting temperature, pressure and temperature rise and pressure rise time according to actual working conditions, starting a program, automatically raising the temperature and pressure according to a program process by the temperature control system 10 and the pressure control system 12, and automatically preserving heat and pressure by the temperature and pressure control system when the temperature and pressure rise time reaches the set temperature and pressure value, so that the temperature and pressure environment of cement paste is stable.
9. When the temperature-rise and pressure-rise program is started, the sound wave acquisition system 19 is started at the same time, and real-time changes of longitudinal waves and shear waves in the cement paste temperature-rise and pressure-rise stage and the cement paste maintenance stage are guaranteed.
10. And after the temperature rise and pressure rise process is finished, the precise flow sensor 13 is turned on, the volume change acquisition system 14 is started, the volume change of the liquid medium 2 in the slurry cup is monitored in real time, the volume change value of the slurry is converted into the volume change value of the slurry through the volume change acquisition system 14, and then the real-time acquisition value is transmitted to the computer system 20 through a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14.
11. After the experiment is finished, storing a cement slurry volume change curve graph, closing programs of the temperature control system 10, the pressure control system 12, the volume change acquisition system 14 and the sound wave acquisition system 19, after the temperature of the instrument is reduced, removing the pressure in the slurry cup, removing the internal coupling temperature sensor 8, the longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18, removing the top cover 1 and the bottom cover 7, removing cement stones in the slurry cup, cleaning the slurry cup, closing power supplies of each control system, each acquisition system and each computer system, and finishing the experiment.
Example two
The volume change test of the cement slurry containing the expanding agent 2 is implemented as follows:
1. the bottom cover 7 is arranged on the lower end face of the slurry cup through threads at the bottom of the slurry cup, the longitudinal wave emitter 15, the shear wave emitter 17 and the inner coupling temperature sensor 8 are arranged on the bottom cover 7 through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter and the inner coupling temperature sensor are all in direct contact with cement slurry, and in order to be convenient to disassemble, a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil can be respectively coated on the surface of the bottom cover.
2. A cement paste system containing an expanding agent 2 is prepared according to the formula requirements, then the cement paste system is injected into the inside of a slurry cup at a scale h1 cm, a top cover 1 is installed on the upper end face of the slurry cup through the top threads of the slurry cup, a longitudinal wave receiver 16 and a shear wave receiver 18 are installed on the top cover 1 through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave receiver and the shear wave receiver are in direct contact with cement paste, and in order to be convenient to disassemble, a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil can be respectively coated on the surface of the top cover 1.
3. The internal coupling temperature sensor 8 and the external coupling temperature sensor 9 are connected to a temperature control system 10 through data lines, a heating pipeline at one end of the heater 4 is connected to the temperature control system 10, and a temperature sensor port on the temperature control system 10 is connected to a computer system 20 through a data line.
4. One end of a pressure sensor 11 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the pressure sensor is connected to a computer system 20, one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressure control system 12, and the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressurizing and pressure releasing port 6 through a nut buckle.
5. One end of the precision flow sensor 13 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the precision flow sensor is connected to the volume change acquisition system 14, and a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14 is connected to the computer system 20 through a data line.
6. The longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18 are connected to the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 through data lines, and the acoustic wave acquisition port on the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 is connected to the computer system 20 through data lines.
7. And starting the pressure control system 12, injecting the liquid medium 2 into the pulp cup, unscrewing the nut buckle on the pressurization and pressure relief port 6, screwing the nut buckle when the liquid medium flows out of the screw thread, and filling the liquid medium 2 into the upper part of the pulp cup.
8. And (3) starting a power supply of the temperature control system 10, setting temperature, pressure and temperature rise and pressure rise time according to actual working conditions, starting a program, automatically raising the temperature and pressure according to a program process by the temperature control system 10 and the pressure control system 12, and automatically preserving heat and pressure by the temperature and pressure control system when the temperature and pressure rise time reaches the set temperature and pressure value, so that the temperature and pressure environment of cement paste is stable.
9. When the temperature-rise and pressure-rise program is started, the sound wave acquisition system 19 is started at the same time, and real-time changes of longitudinal waves and shear waves in the cement paste temperature-rise and pressure-rise stage and the cement paste maintenance stage are guaranteed.
10. And after the temperature rise and pressure rise process is finished, the precise flow sensor 13 is turned on, the volume change acquisition system 14 is started, the volume change of the liquid medium 2 in the slurry cup is monitored in real time, the volume change value of the slurry is converted into the volume change value of the slurry through the volume change acquisition system 14, and then the real-time acquisition value is transmitted to the computer system 20 through a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14.
11. After the experiment is finished, storing a cement slurry volume change curve graph, closing programs of the temperature control system 10, the pressure control system 12, the volume change acquisition system 14 and the sound wave acquisition system 19, after the temperature of the instrument is reduced, removing the pressure in the slurry cup, removing the internal coupling temperature sensor 8, the longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18, removing the top cover 1 and the bottom cover 7, removing cement stones in the slurry cup, cleaning the slurry cup, closing power supplies of each control system, each acquisition system and each computer system, and finishing the experiment.
EXAMPLE III
The volume change test of the cement slurry containing the expanding agent 3 is implemented as follows:
1. the bottom cover 7 is arranged on the lower end face of the slurry cup through threads at the bottom of the slurry cup, the longitudinal wave emitter 15, the shear wave emitter 17 and the inner coupling temperature sensor 8 are arranged on the bottom cover 7 through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter 17 and the inner coupling temperature sensor are in direct contact with the slurry, and a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil can be respectively coated on the surface of the bottom cover for convenience in disassembly.
2. Preparing a cement paste system containing an expanding agent 3 according to the formula requirement, then injecting the cement paste system into the slurry cup at the h1 cm scale, installing the top cover 1 on the upper end surface of the slurry cup through the top thread of the slurry cup, installing the longitudinal wave receiver 16 and the shear wave receiver 18 on the top cover 1 through the sealing ring, directly contacting the cement paste, and respectively coating a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil on the surface of the top cover for convenient disassembly.
3. The internal coupling temperature sensor 8 and the external coupling temperature sensor 9 are connected to a temperature control system 10 through data lines, a heating pipeline at one end of the heater 4 is connected to the temperature control system 10, and a temperature sensor port on the temperature control system 10 is connected to a computer system 20 through a data line.
4. One end of a pressure sensor 11 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the pressure sensor is connected to a computer system 20, one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressure control system 12, and the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to a pressurizing and pressure releasing port 6 through a nut buckle.
5. One end of the precision flow sensor 13 is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the precision flow sensor is connected to the volume change acquisition system 14, and a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14 is connected to the computer system 20 through a data line.
6. The longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18 are connected to the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 through data lines, and the acoustic wave acquisition port on the acoustic wave acquisition system 19 is connected to the computer system 20 through data lines.
7. And starting the pressure control system 12, injecting the liquid medium 2 into the pulp cup, unscrewing the nut buckle on the pressurization and pressure relief port 6, screwing the nut buckle when the liquid medium flows out of the screw thread, and filling the liquid medium 2 into the upper part of the pulp cup.
8. And (3) starting a power supply of the temperature control system 10, setting temperature, pressure and temperature rise and pressure rise time according to actual working conditions, starting a program, automatically raising the temperature and pressure according to a program process by the temperature control system 10 and the pressure control system 12, and automatically preserving heat and pressure by the temperature and pressure control system when the temperature and pressure rise time reaches the set temperature and pressure value, so that the temperature and pressure environment of cement paste is stable.
9. When the temperature-rise and pressure-rise program is started, the sound wave acquisition system 19 is started at the same time, and real-time changes of longitudinal waves and shear waves in the cement paste temperature-rise and pressure-rise stage and the cement paste maintenance stage are guaranteed.
10. And after the temperature rise and pressure rise process is finished, the precise flow sensor 13 is turned on, the volume change acquisition system 14 is started, the volume change of the liquid medium 2 in the slurry cup is monitored in real time, the volume change value of the slurry is converted into the volume change value of the slurry through the volume change acquisition system 14, and then the real-time acquisition value is transmitted to the computer system 20 through a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system 14.
11. After the experiment is finished, storing a cement slurry volume change curve graph, closing programs of the temperature control system 10, the pressure control system 12, the volume change acquisition system 14 and the sound wave acquisition system 19, after the temperature of the instrument is reduced, removing the pressure in the slurry cup, removing the internal coupling temperature sensor 8, the longitudinal wave transmitter 15, the longitudinal wave receiver 16, the shear wave transmitter 17 and the shear wave receiver 18, removing the top cover 1 and the bottom cover 7, removing cement stones in the slurry cup, cleaning the slurry cup, closing power supplies of each control system, each acquisition system and each computer system, and finishing the experiment.
TABLE 1 summary of the results of the experiment
| Serial number | Temperature/. degree.C | pressure/MPa | Volume change rate/%) | Main action stage of swelling agent |
| Example one | 120 | 20.7 | -3.60 | Liquid state |
| Example two | 120 | 20.7 | -1.20 | Plastic |
| EXAMPLE III | ||||
| 120 | 20.7 | -1.22 | Solid/hard stage |
Remarking:
the first formula of the embodiment: 400g G-grade cement, 90% weighting agent, 35% silicon powder, 6% microsilica, 3% expanding agent, 1+ 2% stabilizer, 3% dispersing agent, 1.5% defoaming agent, 6% fluid loss agent, 6% retarder and 70% water;
example two formulation: 400g G-grade cement, 90% weighting agent, 35% silicon powder, 6% microsilica, 3% expanding agent, 2+ 2% stabilizer, 3% dispersing agent, 1.5% defoaming agent, 6% fluid loss agent, 6% retarder and 70% water;
example three formulation: 400g G-grade cement, 90% weighting agent, 35% silicon powder, 6% microsilica, 3% expanding agent, 3+ 2% stabilizer, 3% dispersing agent, 1.5% defoaming agent, 6% fluid loss agent, 6% retarder and 70% water
And (3) analysis of experimental results:
the first embodiment is as follows: it can be seen from the experimental result test chart (fig. 2) that the volume shrinkage of the cement slurry of the expanding agent 1 is not well improved, because the expanding material has too fast hydration reaction and acts when the slurry is in a liquid state, and most of the generated expansion effect is absorbed by the slurry, so that the effect of the expanding agent 1 cannot be reflected, and the expanding agent is not suitable for the cement slurry of the system.
Example two: it can be seen from the experimental result test chart (fig. 3) that the cement slurry added with the expanding agent 2 is improved in volume shrinkage, and from the longitudinal wave curve, when the cement slurry starts to enter a plastic state, the expanding material starts to generate hydration reaction, the volume of the cement slurry starts to expand, the volume change rate curve starts to rise, and then the reaction is rapid, and the volume change rate curve rises rapidly; it can be seen from the shear wave curve that when the cement slurry enters the solid state from the plastic state, the hydration reaction of the expansion material reaches the maximum, the volume expansion of the cement slurry also reaches the maximum, the volume change rate curve rises to the maximum, then the reaction of the expansion material gradually slows, the curve begins to slowly decline, and then gradually tends to be stable. The expanding agent has good expansion effect in the plastic stage of cement paste, and the development of the internal structural strength of the set cement is not influenced in the later stage, so that the expanding agent 2 meets the use requirement of the cement paste of the system.
Example three: it can be seen from the experimental result test chart (fig. 4) that although the volume shrinkage of the cement slurry of the expanding agent 3 is well improved, the hydration reaction of the expanding material is too slow, and it can be seen from the shear wave curve that the reaction is started only when the cement slurry forms the gel strength, which will generate a certain damage effect on the slurry structure, although the effect on the later shrinkage of the cement slurry is good, the negative effect is generated on the integrity of the cement sheath, and in severe cases, more cracks are formed, which affects the later packing capability of the cement sheath, so that the expanding agent 3 is not suitable for the cement slurry of the body system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The testing device for the volume change of the liquid, plastic and solid states in the cement hydration process is characterized by comprising a sealing slurry cup (3) for containing cement slurry (5), wherein a shear wave collecting device for collecting the shear wave of the cement slurry (5), a longitudinal wave collecting device for collecting the longitudinal wave of the cement slurry (5), a pressure control system for controlling the pressure in the sealing slurry cup (3), a volume collecting system for measuring the volume change of the cement slurry (5) in the sealing slurry cup (3) and a heating measuring device for heating the cement slurry (5) are arranged on the sealing slurry cup (3);
the shear wave acquisition device, the longitudinal wave acquisition device, the pressure control system, the volume acquisition system and the heating measurement device are connected with a computer system;
the shear wave acquisition device comprises a shear wave transmitter (17), a shear wave receiver (18) and an acoustic wave acquisition system (19); the longitudinal wave acquisition device comprises a longitudinal wave transmitter (15), a longitudinal wave receiver (16) and an acoustic wave acquisition system (19);
one ends of the shear wave emitter (17) and the longitudinal wave emitter (15) are respectively inserted into the cement paste, and the other ends of the shear wave emitter and the longitudinal wave emitter are respectively connected with the sound wave acquisition system (19);
the longitudinal wave receiver (16) and the shear wave receiver (18) are respectively arranged on the top cover (1) of the sealed slurry cup (3); the longitudinal wave emitter (15) and the shear wave emitter (17) are respectively arranged on the bottom cover (7) of the sealed slurry cup (3).
2. The device for testing the volume change of the three states of liquid, plastic and solid in the cement hydration process according to claim 1, wherein the surfaces of the shear wave transmitter (17), the shear wave receiver (18), the longitudinal wave transmitter (15) and the longitudinal wave receiver (16) are respectively coated with a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil.
3. The device for testing the liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control system comprises a pressurization and pressure relief opening (6) arranged on the sealing slurry cup (3), a pressure sensor (11), a pressure control system (12) and a liquid medium (2) arranged on the upper surface of the cement slurry in the sealing slurry cup (3);
the pressurizing and pressure-releasing port (6) is connected with a pressure control system (12) through a hydraulic pipeline, and the pressure control system (12) can control the flow of the liquid medium (2) flowing into or out of the sealing slurry cup (3) through the hydraulic pipeline; the signal acquisition end of the pressure sensor (11) is connected with the pressure control system (12), and the signal output end of the pressure sensor (11) is connected with the computer system;
the diameter d cm and the height of the cement paste (5)h1cm, the upper end surface of the liquid medium (2) is in direct contact with the liquid medium (2), the hydration reaction and the later strength of the upper end surface of the cement paste cannot be influenced by the direct contact of the liquid medium (2) and the cement paste, and the height h of the liquid medium (2)2 cm, cement paste expansion height h3cm, satisfies h1 
h2 
h3。
4. The device for testing the liquid-plastic-solid three-state volume change in the cement hydration process as recited in claim 1, wherein the volume acquisition system comprises: a precise flow sensor (13) and a volume change acquisition system (14);
the acquisition end of the precise flow sensor (13) is arranged on a hydraulic pipeline and used for measuring the flow of a liquid medium passing through the hydraulic pipeline, the signal output end of the precise flow sensor is connected to a volume change acquisition system (14), and the volume change acquisition system (14) is connected with a computer system.
5. The device for testing the volume change of the liquid, the plastic and the solid in the cement hydration process according to claim 1, wherein the heating measuring device comprises: the system comprises a heater (4), an external coupling temperature sensor (9) for measuring the heating temperature of the heater (4), an internal coupling temperature sensor (8) for measuring the temperature of cement paste (5) and a temperature control system (10);
the signal output ends of the inner coupling temperature sensor (8) and the outer coupling temperature sensor (9) and the heater (4) are respectively connected with a temperature control system (10), and the signal output end of the temperature control system (10) is connected with a computer system.
6. A test method for the volume change of liquid, plastic and solid states in the cement hydration process is characterized in that the volume change of liquid, plastic and solid states is tested by a test device for the volume change of liquid, plastic and solid states in the cement hydration process; this testing arrangement of solid tristate volume change is moulded to liquid in cement hydration process includes: the device comprises a top cover (1), a liquid medium (2), a sealing slurry cup (3), a heater (4), cement slurry (5), a pressurizing and pressure-releasing port (6), a bottom cover (7), an internal coupling temperature sensor (8), an external coupling temperature sensor (9), a temperature control system (10), a pressure sensor (11), a pressure control system (12), a precise flow sensor (13), a volume change acquisition system (14), a longitudinal wave transmitter (15), a longitudinal wave receiver (16), a shear wave transmitter (17), a shear wave receiver (18), a sound wave acquisition system (19) and a computer system (20);
the test method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the bottom cover (7) is arranged on the lower end face of the slurry cup through threads at the bottom of the slurry cup, the longitudinal wave emitter (15), the shear wave emitter (17) and the inner coupling temperature sensor (8) are arranged on the bottom cover (7) through sealing rings, the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter (17) and the inner coupling temperature sensor are in direct contact with cement slurry, and a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil is respectively coated on the surfaces of the longitudinal wave emitter, the shear wave emitter and the inner coupling temperature sensor for convenient disassembly;
step two: preparing cement slurry of a corresponding system according to the formula requirements, and then injecting the cement slurry into a slurry cup1 At the position of the cm scale, a top cover (1) is arranged on the upper end face of a slurry cup through the top thread of the slurry cup, a longitudinal wave receiver (16) and a shear wave receiver (18) are arranged on the top cover (1) through a sealing ring, the longitudinal wave receiver and the shear wave receiver are in direct contact with cement slurry, and a layer of high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil is respectively coated on the surfaces of the longitudinal wave receiver and the shear wave receiver to facilitate disassembly;
step three: an internal coupling temperature sensor (8) and an external coupling temperature sensor (9) are connected to a temperature control system (10) through data lines, a heating pipeline at one end of a heater (4) is connected to the temperature control system (10), and a temperature sensor port on the temperature control system (10) is connected to a computer system (20) through a data line;
step four: one end of a pressure sensor (11) is connected to a pressure control system (12), and the other end of the pressure sensor is connected to a computer system (20); one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the pressure control system (12), and the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the pressurization and pressure relief port (6) through a nut buckle;
step five: one end of a precision flow sensor (13) is connected to a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the precision flow sensor is connected to a volume change acquisition system (14), and a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system (14) is connected to a computer system (20) through a data line;
step six: connecting a longitudinal wave transmitter (15), a longitudinal wave receiver (16), a shear wave transmitter (17) and a shear wave receiver (18) to an acoustic wave acquisition system (19) through data lines, and connecting an acoustic wave acquisition port on the acoustic wave acquisition system (19) to a computer system (20) through data lines;
step seven: starting a pressure control system (12), injecting a liquid medium (2) into the pulp cup, unscrewing a nut buckle on the pressurizing and pressure-releasing port (6), screwing the nut buckle when the liquid medium flows out of the screw thread, and filling the liquid medium (2) on the pulp cup;
step eight: the power supply of the temperature control system (10) is turned on, the temperature, the pressure and the temperature rise and pressure rise time are set according to the actual working conditions, the program is started, at the moment, the temperature control system (10) and the pressure control system (12) can automatically rise and boost the temperature according to the program process, and when the temperature and the pressure rise time reaches the set temperature and pressure values, the temperature and pressure control system can automatically keep the temperature and pressure, so that the temperature and pressure environment of cement paste is stable;
step nine: when the temperature and pressure raising program is started, the sound wave acquisition system (19) is started at the same time, and the real-time changes of longitudinal waves and shear waves in the cement paste temperature and pressure raising stage and the cement paste maintenance stage are monitored;
step ten: after the temperature rise and pressure rise process is finished, a precise flow sensor (13) is turned on, a volume change acquisition system (14) is started, the volume change of a liquid medium (2) in the slurry cup is monitored in real time, the volume change acquisition system (14) converts the volume change value into the volume change value of the cement slurry, and then the real-time acquisition value is transmitted to a computer system (20) through a volume change acquisition port on the volume change acquisition system (14); measuring the volume change of the cement slurry in three stages of liquid state, plastic state and solid state by combining the detection data of longitudinal waves and shear waves;
step eleven: after the experiment is finished, a cement slurry volume change curve graph is stored, a temperature control system (10), a pressure control system (12), a volume change acquisition system (14) and a sound wave acquisition system (19) are closed, after the temperature of the instrument is reduced, the pressure in the slurry cup is removed, an inner coupling temperature sensor (8), a longitudinal wave transmitter (15), a longitudinal wave receiver (16), a shear wave transmitter (17) and a shear wave receiver (18) are removed, a top cover (1) and a bottom cover (7) are removed, cement stones in the slurry cup are removed, the slurry cup is cleaned, power supplies of all control systems, the acquisition systems and a computer system are closed, and the experiment is finished.
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