CN111030523B - Electric energy feedback stepless speed regulating circuit of direct current series excited motor - Google Patents

Electric energy feedback stepless speed regulating circuit of direct current series excited motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111030523B
CN111030523B CN202010050613.1A CN202010050613A CN111030523B CN 111030523 B CN111030523 B CN 111030523B CN 202010050613 A CN202010050613 A CN 202010050613A CN 111030523 B CN111030523 B CN 111030523B
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circuit
pin
capacitor
diode
series
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CN111030523A (en
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刘洪恩
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Jiangsu Vocational College of Electronics and Information
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Jiangsu Vocational College of Electronics and Information
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
    • H02P7/29—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/298—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature and field supplies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit of a direct current series excited motor, which consists of an auxiliary power circuit, an inverter circuit and a control circuit, wherein the stepless speed regulating is realized by stepless regulation of the exciting current of the motor through the inverter circuit and the control circuit, and the electric energy is fed back to a storage battery. The circuit does not change the structure of the original motor, the connection relation of windings and the excellent characteristic of large torque of the series excited motor, effectively avoids the occurrence of runaway accidents, adopts electric energy feedback speed regulation to save electric energy, and is suitable for various vehicles driven by the series excited motor with the direct-current power supply voltage of 48V-72V.

Description

Electric energy feedback stepless speed regulating circuit of direct current series excited motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a speed regulating circuit of a motor, in particular to an electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit of a direct current series excited motor of an electric vehicle.
Background
The exciting winding and the armature winding of the series excited motor are connected in series, the exciting current is equal to the armature current, and the torque is proportional to the square of the exciting current (or the armature current), so that the series excited motor has a large torque reserve, is incomparable with any other type of motor, and is particularly suitable for occasions with large fluctuation range of load resistance, such as electric tools, electric vehicles and the like. When the load resistance increases (such as the heavy load of the vehicle goes up a slope) and the rotation speed is reduced, the current increases, the torque increases by square, and the overload resistance is strong. However, when the load resistance is too small (such as a vehicle descends), the excitation current is small, the magnetic field is weak, and the risk of too high rotating speed (galloping) exists; because of the structure of the series excited motor, the speed regulation is difficult, which is a defect that cannot be solved for a long time.
Some electric vehicles currently adopt the step speed regulation by adding taps to excitation windings; some of the methods adopt stepless speed regulation by regulating the power supply voltage, but the methods have the defects of large torque impact (the vehicle collides when the vehicle falls down), poor rotation speed stability and incapability of avoiding the danger of over-high speed when the vehicle descends.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the circuit is applied to an electric vehicle powered by a direct current 48-72V storage battery, adjusts the speed through exciting current of a stepless adjusting motor, feeds partial electric energy of an armature back to a power supply, and has the advantages of good rotating speed stability, high electric energy utilization rate, stepless speed adjustment and light-load galloping prevention on the premise of not changing the excellent characteristics of a series excited motor structure and large torque.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the two ends of the armature (namely, two ends of the electric brush) are connected with an inverter circuit, the input end of the inverter circuit shunts exciting current, the output end of the inverter circuit feeds electric energy back to a motor power supply (storage battery), and the speed regulation is realized by adjusting the duty ratio of the inverter circuit and changing the exciting current, namely, the strength of a magnetic field; the speed regulating circuit can steplessly regulate the inversion duty ratio and steplessly regulate exciting current, so that stepless speed regulation is realized, and meanwhile, the speed regulating circuit increases the exciting current, so that the magnetic field is not too weak, and the galloping danger is avoided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the direct current series excited motor electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit consists of an auxiliary power circuit, an inverter circuit and a control circuit; the auxiliary power circuit converts the voltage U1 of a motor power supply (storage battery) into a voltage U3 of 15V and supplies power for a subsequent control circuit and an inverter circuit; the inverter circuit adopts a half-bridge DC-DC inverter circuit, the input end of the half-bridge DC-DC inverter circuit is connected in parallel with the two ends of an armature of the series excited motor, input current flows through an excitation winding, the output end of the half-bridge DC-DC inverter circuit is connected with the two ends of a power supply U1 (storage battery), and absorbed electric energy is fed back to the power supply U1; the control circuit provides two paths of control pulse signals with opposite phases for two switching tubes VT1 and VT2 of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the half-bridge type reverse circuit, and the duty ratio of the pulse signals is regulated by a speed regulation rotating handle to carry out stepless speed regulation.
The invention has the advantages that: the structure and winding connection relation of the original motor are not required to be changed, and only the circuit is required to be connected with two wiring terminals of the armature; the stepless speed regulation of the series excited motor is realized, and the excellent characteristic of large torque of the series excited motor is not changed; the occurrence of galloping accidents is effectively avoided; the electric energy feedback speed regulation is adopted, so that the electric energy is saved; the motor is suitable for various vehicles driven by series excitation motors with the direct current power supply voltage of 48V-72V; the cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an internal wiring diagram of a typical series motor;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram;
fig. 3 is a timing circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but is not to be construed as limiting the technical solution.
As shown in fig. 1, the armature winding is connected in series with the excitation winding, and two terminals of the armature winding and the excitation winding are led out to a motor external wiring board.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to achieve a speed regulation schematic diagram, a fixed resistor R is connected in series with a variable resistor W to form a speed regulation circuit; in the figure, I F is excitation current, I S is armature current, I R is current shunted by a speed regulating circuit, and I F＝IS＋IR; changing exciting current by adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor W; when the W resistance value is reduced, I R is increased, I F is increased, the magnetic field is enhanced (magnetic flux phi-to-I F), and the motor rotation speed is reduced (the rotation speed is inversely proportional to the magnetic flux); conversely, when the W resistance is increased, I R is reduced, and meanwhile I F is reduced, so that the rotating speed is increased; because of the shunt effect of the speed regulating circuit, the exciting current is independently regulated under the condition that the armature current is not changed, and the exciting current is not too small and the magnetic field is too weak, so that the galloping danger caused by too high motor rotating speed can be avoided; the speed regulating circuit has large electric energy loss on the resistors R and W due to large I R, and has no practical value.
As shown in fig. 3, the speed regulating circuit of the present invention is shown; the speed regulation principle of fig. 2 is realized by an inverter circuit, and the electric energy consumed by the resistors R and W is fed back to the storage battery, so that the electric energy utilization rate is improved, and the electric vehicle is suitable for being used on an electric vehicle powered by the storage battery with limited energy.
As shown in FIG. 3, the circuit in the dotted line frame is the speed regulating circuit of the invention, and consists of an auxiliary power circuit, an inverter circuit and a control circuit.
The auxiliary power supply circuit has the functions that: the voltage U1 of a motor power supply (storage battery) is converted into a 15V voltage U3, and power is supplied to a subsequent control circuit and an inverter circuit.
The auxiliary power supply circuit is connected as follows: the positive electrode of the motor power supply U1 is connected with the cathode of a 24V zener diode D21 (model P6KE 24A), the anode of the D21 is connected with the pin 1 of the input end of a buck DC-DC conversion chip IC1 (model LM2576 HV-15), and the D21 is used for reducing the input voltage of the IC1 (the highest allowable input voltage of the LM2576HV-15 is 60V); the anode of the D21 is connected with the resistor R21 to the ground, the 1 pin of the IC1 is connected with the positive electrode of the filter capacitor C21, the negative electrode of the C21 is grounded, the 3 pin and the 5 pin of the IC1 are grounded, the 2 pin of the output end is connected with the cathode of the flywheel diode D22, the anode of the D22 is grounded, and the 2 pin of the IC1 is connected with one end of the inductor L1; the other end of L1 is connected with the pin 4 of the feedback input end of IC1, and is simultaneously connected with the positive electrode of the filter capacitor C22, the negative electrode of the filter capacitor C22 is grounded, and the two ends of the filter capacitor C22 are connected with the high-frequency filter capacitor C23 in parallel.
The inverter circuit has the functions that: the half-bridge DC-DC inversion conversion circuit is adopted, the input end of the half-bridge DC-DC inversion conversion circuit is connected in parallel with the two ends of an armature of the series excited motor, input current flows through an excitation winding, the output end of the half-bridge DC-DC inversion conversion circuit is connected with the two ends of a power supply U1 (storage battery), and absorbed electric energy is fed back to the power supply U1.
The inverter circuit is connected as follows: the S1 terminal of the series excited motor armature is connected with the anode of a diode D1, the cathode of the D1 is connected with the positive electrode of a filter capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the C1 is connected with the positive electrode of a filter capacitor C2, and the negative electrode of the C2 is connected with the S2 terminal of the armature; thus, a voltage U2 (equal to the armature voltage) is obtained between the positive electrode of the capacitor C1 and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2, wherein the positive electrode of the capacitor C1 is the positive electrode of the voltage U2, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 is the negative electrode of the voltage U2; taking C1=C2, respectively connecting voltage equalizing resistors R1 and R2 in parallel at two ends of a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, wherein the voltages on the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are equal, and the voltage of a half of U2 is obtained at a connecting point of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2; the diode D1 has the functions of reducing the fluctuation of the voltage U2 and preventing the polarity of the power supply of the motor from being connected with the inverter circuit to damage the inverter circuit; the collector of the switch tube VT1 is connected with the positive electrode of the voltage U2, the emitter is connected with the collector of the switch tube VT2, and the emitter of the VT2 is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage U2; resistors R5 and R6 are respectively connected in parallel between the grid electrodes and the emitter electrodes of the switching tubes VT1 and VT2 so as to discharge grid charges and prevent electrostatic breakdown; 15V bidirectional voltage stabilizing diodes D5 and D6 are respectively connected in parallel between the grid electrodes and the emitter electrodes of the switching tubes VT1 and VT2 so as to prevent the grid electrodes from being broken down due to overhigh driving voltage; the resistor R7 is connected in series with the capacitor C7 and then connected in parallel with the collector and the emitter of the VT1, and the resistor R8 is connected in series with the capacitor C8 and then connected in parallel with the collector and the emitter of the VT2, so as to absorb peak voltage generated when the VT1 and the VT2 are turned off and protect the peak voltage from breakdown; TR1 is a gate driving transformer (primary and secondary turns n1=n11=n12) of the switching tubes VT1 and VT2, the head and tail ends of the primary coil are respectively connected with two paths of reverse polarity pulse signals sent by the control chip IC2, the center tap is connected with a +15v power supply, the homonymous end serial resistor R3 of the secondary coil N11 is connected with the gate of the switching tube VT1, the two ends of the R3 are connected with the diode D3 in parallel, the anode of the D3 is connected with the gate of the VT1, and the two ends of the R3 are connected with the capacitor C3 in parallel; the different name end of the secondary coil N12 is connected with the grid electrode of the switching tube VT2 in series with the resistor R4, the two ends of the R4 are connected with the diode D4 in parallel, the anode end of the D4 is connected with the grid electrode of the VT2, and the two ends of the R4 are connected with the capacitor C4 in parallel; c3 and C4 are used for improving the opening speed of VT1 and VT2 so as to reduce the opening loss; d3, D4 to increase the turn-off speed of VT1, VT2 to reduce turn-off losses; one end of a primary coil N2 of the main transformer TR2 is connected with a connection point of an emitter electrode of the VT1 and a collector electrode of the VT2, a connection wire at the other end of the N2 passes through a magnetic ring hole of the current transformer HL and then is connected with a connection point of a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2 in series, and C5 is a blocking capacitor, so that the magnetic circuit of the main transformer TR2 is prevented from being saturated; the rear end of a secondary parallel resistor R12 of the current transformer HL is grounded (namely, the negative electrode of a storage battery is grounded), the other end of the secondary parallel resistor R12 is connected with the anode of a diode D9, the cathode of the diode D9 is connected with one end of a filter capacitor C12, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded; the secondary of the current transformer HL is converted into voltage through half-wave rectification and is fed back to the control circuit as a primary current sampling signal of the inverter circuit; the head end and the tail end of a secondary coil of the main transformer TR2 are respectively connected with anodes of diodes D7 and D8, cathodes of the diodes D7 and D8 are connected and then the anode of a motor power supply (storage battery) is connected, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C10 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the diode D7, a resistor R11 and a capacitor C11 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the diode D8, so that peak voltages at two ends of the diode D7 and the diode D8 are absorbed and overvoltage breakdown of the peak voltages is prevented; the middle tap of the secondary coil of the main transformer TR2 is connected with the negative electrode of a motor power supply (storage battery).
The principle of the inverter circuit is as follows: taking out and filtering voltages at two ends of a motor armature to be used as a power supply of an inverter circuit, wherein the input current is I R, so that I F＝IS＋IR is achieved; the capacitors C1 and C2 and the switching tubes VT1 and VT2 form a half-bridge inverter circuit, two paths of pulse signals with opposite phases generated by the control circuit are added to the primary of the driving transformer TR1, two paths of pulse signals with opposite phases are induced by the control circuit N11 and N12 and are respectively added to the grid electrodes of the switching tubes VT1 and VT2, the VT1 and VT2 are alternately conducted to the primary of the main transformer TR2 to form alternating current, the secondary of the TR2 generates alternating voltage, and electric energy is fed back to the storage battery after full-wave rectification by the diodes D7 and D8; the control circuit adjusts the duty ratio of the pulse to change the input current I R of the inverter circuit, thereby changing the exciting current I F; the larger the pulse duty cycle is, the larger the I R and the I F are, the lower the rotating speed is, otherwise, the higher the rotating speed is, when the duty cycle is 0, the I R＝0,IF is the smallest, and the fastest rotating speed is reached at the moment; the duty ratio of the pulse generated by the control circuit is continuously adjustable, namely I R is continuously adjustable, and I F＝IS＋IR,IF is continuously adjustable, so that stepless adjustment of the rotating speed of the motor is realized; and because the inverter circuit is regulated in the range of I F≥IS, the danger of galloping caused by too weak magnetic field does not occur.
The control circuit has the functions that: two paths of control pulse signals with opposite phases are provided for two switching tubes VT1 and VT2 of an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm of the half-bridge type inversion circuit, and the duty ratio of the pulse signals is regulated by a speed regulation rotating handle to carry out stepless speed regulation.
The control circuit is connected as follows: the 12 pin of the power supply end of the IC2 (model TL 494) is connected with the positive electrode of the +15V power supply U3, and the 7 pin GND is grounded; the 5 pin and the 6 pin are connected with an internal oscillating circuit, and the outside is respectively connected with the capacitors CT and RT to the ground; the emitting electrode 9 pin and the emitting electrode 10 pin of the two-way bipolar output triode in the IC2 are grounded, and the collecting electrode 8 pin and the collecting electrode 11 pin are connected with the primary head end and the tail end of a driving transformer TR1 in the inverter circuit; the 14 pin outputs +5V reference voltage; two error comparators inside the IC2 are not used, but in order to prevent interference, their inverting inputs 2 pin and 15 pin are connected with 14 pin +5V voltage; the 13 pin of the IC2 is connected with the 14 pin +5V voltage to select two paths of output as push-pull bipolar output; the pin 4 of the IC2 is connected with the resistor R22 to the ground, and is additionally connected with the cathode of the rectifying diode D9 at the output end of the current transformer HL in the inverter circuit; the positive electrode of the capacitor C24 is connected with the 14 pin +5V power supply of the IC2, and the negative electrode is connected with the 4 pin of the IC 2; the power supply end (+5V) of the commercial speed regulating rotary handle is connected with a 14 pin +5V power supply of the IC2, the GND end is grounded, the output end V0 is connected with the anode of the diode D23, and the cathode of the diode D23 is connected with the 4 pin of the IC 2.
The working principle of the control circuit is as follows: when 12 pins of the IC2 are powered on (+15V), the internal oscillating circuit starts to oscillate, and generates sawtooth waves with the amplitude of 0-3.3V, the oscillating frequency is determined by CT and RT (20 kHz is adopted by the invention), 8 pins of the IC2 and 11 caster flows output low level, namely the head and tail ends of a primary coil of a driving transformer TR1 are connected with low level, because a center tap of the primary coil of the TR1 is connected with +15V power supply, each half of the primary coil of the TR1 obtains positive and negative symmetrical pulse voltage, secondary coils N11 and N12 of the TR1 respectively generate +15V pulses with the same pulse width but opposite phases, the two paths of pulses are respectively added to the grid electrodes of the switching tubes VT1 and VT2 to be conducted in turn, and the inverter circuit starts to work; the pin 4 of the IC2 is the non-inverting input end of the internal sawtooth wave comparator, the voltage of the pin determines the output pulse width, and the lower the voltage of the pin is, the wider the output pulse width is, and the higher the voltage is, the narrower the output pulse width is; the pulse width determines the on duty ratio of the two switching tubes VT1 and VT2 in the inverter circuit, the wider the pulse width is, the larger the average current I R is, the larger the exciting current I F is, the stronger the magnetic field is, and the lower the motor rotating speed is; conversely, the narrower the pulse width is, the smaller the duty ratio is, the smaller the average current I R is, the smaller the exciting current I F is, the weaker the magnetic field is, and the lower the motor rotating speed is; the capacitor C24 connected with the 4 pin of the IC2 is a soft start circuit, and a short-time high level is added to the 4 pin of the IC2 after the IC2 is electrified, so that the pulse width is gradually increased from 0, and the current impact on the switching tubes VT1 and VT2 of the inverter circuit is prevented; the commercial Hall speed-regulating rotating handle is powered by +5V output by IC2, its output end voltage V0 is in direct proportion to rotating handle rotating angle, when rotating angle is 0, output voltage is 1V, when rotating angle is maximum, output voltage is 4.2V, its output end voltage change range after reducing 0.7V (diode forward conduction voltage drop) voltage by diode D23 is 0.3-3.5V, said voltage is added to 4 pins of IC2, and is identical to amplitude (0-3.3V) of saw-tooth wave in IC2, when the voltage of 4 pins is 0.3V, it is dead zone voltage (to prevent inverter circuit switching tube VT1 and VT2 from being simultaneously conducted and making short circuit), the duty ratio of every pulse is 91%, at this time, I R、IF is the largest and the rotation speed is the lowest; when the voltage of the 4 feet is 3.5V, the duty ratio is 0, at the moment, the I R＝0、IF is minimum, and the rotating speed is highest; the output voltage V0 of the rotating handle is continuously regulated, so that the rotating speed is continuously and steplessly regulated; meanwhile, the current of the inverter circuit is sampled by a current transformer HL and is converted into a voltage signal, and then the voltage signal is connected to the 4 pins of the IC2 to form negative feedback, so that when the stable currents I R and I F（IR change, the voltage of the 4 pins fed back to the IC2 changes in the same direction, the duty ratio of the output pulse of the IC2 changes in the opposite direction, and the change of I R and I F is reduced, so that the rotating speed is stable; in addition, when the current of the inverter circuit is overlarge and the voltage of the 4 pins fed back to the IC2 exceeds 3.3V, the duty ratio becomes 0, and the switching tubes VT1 and VT2 are turned off, so that the switching tubes are protected.

Claims (6)

1. The DC series excited motor electric energy feedback stepless speed regulating circuit consists of an auxiliary power circuit, an inverter circuit and a control circuit; the auxiliary power circuit converts the voltage U1 of the motor power supply into a 15V voltage U3 and supplies power for a subsequent control circuit and an inverter circuit; the inverter circuit adopts a half-bridge DC-DC inverter circuit, the input end of the half-bridge DC-DC inverter circuit is connected in parallel with the two ends of an armature of the series excited motor, input current flows through the exciting winding, the output end of the half-bridge DC-DC inverter circuit is connected with the two ends of the power supply U1, and absorbed electric energy is fed back to the power supply U1; the control circuit provides two paths of control pulse signals with opposite phases for two switching tubes VT1 and VT2 of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the half-bridge type reverse circuit, and the duty ratio of the pulse signals is regulated by a speed regulation rotating handle to perform stepless speed regulation; the method is characterized in that: the auxiliary power circuit is connected as follows: the positive electrode of the motor power supply U1 is connected with the cathode of a 24V voltage stabilizing diode D21, the anode of the D21 is connected with the pin 1 of the input end of the buck DC-DC conversion chip IC1, and the D21 is used for reducing the input voltage of the IC 1; the anode of the D21 is connected with the resistor R21 to the ground, the 1 pin of the IC1 is connected with the positive electrode of the filter capacitor C21, the negative electrode of the C21 is grounded, the 3 pin and the 5 pin of the IC1 are grounded, the 2 pin of the output end is connected with the cathode of the diode D22, the anode of the D22 is grounded, and the 2 pin of the IC1 is connected with one end of the inductor L1; the other end of the L1 is connected with a pin 4 of a feedback input end of the IC1, and is simultaneously connected with the positive electrode of a filter capacitor C22, the negative electrode of the filter capacitor C22 is grounded, and the two ends of the filter capacitor C22 are connected with a high-frequency filter capacitor C23 in parallel;
The inverter circuit is connected as follows: the S1 terminal of the series excited motor armature is connected with the anode of a diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of a filter capacitor C2, the cathode of the diode C2 is connected with the S2 terminal of the armature, and a voltage U2 is obtained between the anode of the capacitor C1 and the cathode of the capacitor C2; the collector of the switch tube VT1 is connected with the positive electrode of the voltage U2, the emitter is connected with the collector of the switch tube VT2, and the emitter of the VT2 is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage U2; resistors R5, R6 and 15V bidirectional zener diodes D5, D6 are respectively connected in parallel between the grid electrodes and the emitter electrodes of the switching tubes VT1 and VT 2; the resistor R7 is connected in series with the capacitor C7 and then connected in parallel with the collector and the emitter of the VT1, and the resistor R8 is connected in series with the capacitor C8 and then connected in parallel with the collector and the emitter of the VT 2; TR1 is a grid driving transformer of a switching tube VT1 and VT2, the head end and the tail end of a primary coil of the grid driving transformer are respectively connected with two paths of reversed polarity pulse signals sent by a control chip IC2, a center tap is connected with a +15V power supply, the same-name end of a secondary coil N11 is connected with a resistor R3 in series and then is connected with the grid of the switching tube VT1, two ends of the R3 are connected with diodes D3 in parallel, the anode ends of the diodes D3 are connected with the grid of the VT1, and two ends of the R3 are connected with a capacitor C3 in parallel; the different name end of the secondary coil N12 is connected with the grid electrode of the switching tube VT2 in series with the resistor R4, the two ends of the R4 are connected with the diode D4 in parallel, the anode end of the D4 is connected with the grid electrode of the VT2, and the two ends of the R4 are connected with the capacitor C4 in parallel; one end of a primary coil N2 of the main transformer TR2 is connected with a connection point of a VT1 emitter and a VT2 collector, and a connection wire at the other end of the primary coil N2 passes through a magnetic ring hole of a current transformer HL and then is connected with a connection point of a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2 in series after passing through a magnetic ring hole of the current transformer HL; the rear end of a secondary parallel resistor R12 of the current transformer HL is grounded to GND, the other end of the secondary parallel resistor R is connected to the anode of a diode D9, the cathode of the diode D9 is connected to one end of a filter capacitor C12, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded; the secondary of the current transformer HL is subjected to half-wave rectification, and the output voltage of the secondary is used as an inverter circuit current sampling signal to be fed back to the control circuit; the head end and the tail end of a secondary coil of the main transformer TR2 are respectively connected with anodes of diodes D7 and D8, cathodes of the diodes D7 and D8 are connected with the anode of a power supply of the motor, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C10 are connected in series and then connected with the D7 in parallel, and a resistor R11 and a capacitor C11 are connected in series and then connected with the D8 in parallel; the middle tap of the secondary coil of the main transformer TR2 is connected with the negative electrode of the motor power supply; the control circuit is connected as follows: the 12 pin of the power supply end of the IC2 is connected with the positive electrode of the +15V power supply U3, and the 7 pin GND of the IC2 is grounded; the pins 5 and 6 of the IC2 are respectively connected with the capacitors CT and RT to the ground; pins 9 and 10 of the IC2 are grounded, and pins 8 and 11 of the IC2 are connected with the primary head and tail ends of a driving transformer TR1 in the inverter circuit; pins 2, 13 and 15 of IC2 are connected with 14 pins +5V voltage; the pin 4 of the IC2 is connected with the resistor R22 to the ground, and is additionally connected with the cathode of the rectifying diode D9 at the output end of the current transformer HL in the inverter circuit; the positive electrode of the capacitor C24 is connected with the 14 pin +5V power supply of the IC2, and the negative electrode is connected with the 4 pin of the IC 2; the power supply of the commercial speed regulating rotating handle is connected with a 14 pin+5V power supply of the IC2, the GND end is connected with the ground, the output end V0 is connected with the anode of the diode D23, and the cathode of the diode D23 is connected with the 4 pin of the IC 2.
2. The direct current series excited machine electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuit is characterized in that: stepless speed regulation is realized by stepless regulation of exciting current of the series excited motor.
3. The direct current series excited machine electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuit is characterized in that: an electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit is formed by a half-bridge inverter circuit.
4. The direct current series excited machine electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the circuit is characterized in that: the 4-pin voltage of the commercial Hall speed-regulating handle regulating IC2 is used for steplessly regulating the duty ratio of the pulse to steplessly regulate the primary current IR and the exciting current IF of the inverter circuit.
5. The direct current series excited machine electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuit is characterized in that: the primary current of the main transformer is sampled by a current transformer HL and forms negative feedback so as to stabilize the exciting current IF, stabilize the rotating speed and protect the switching tubes VT1 and VT2 from overcurrent.
6. The direct current series excited machine electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuit is characterized in that: the positive electrode of the input end of the inverter circuit is connected with a diode D1 in series; the output end of the speed regulating rotary handle is connected with a diode D23 in series; the auxiliary power supply input is connected in series with a zener diode D21.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101425771A (en) * 2008-08-18 2009-05-06 王创社 Control circuit, braking method, energy production method and device for DC motor
CN101873097A (en) * 2010-06-18 2010-10-27 扬州中凌自动化技术有限公司 Control method for implementing electronic commutation and four-quadrant operation of series excited motor, and device thereof
CN103546079A (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-29 北京友信宏科电子科技有限公司 Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor
CN105207548A (en) * 2015-09-15 2015-12-30 扬州大学 Electronic commutation series excited direct-current motor four-quadrant operation control device and method
CN211457026U (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-09-08 淮安信息职业技术学院 Feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit for electric vehicle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101425771A (en) * 2008-08-18 2009-05-06 王创社 Control circuit, braking method, energy production method and device for DC motor
CN101873097A (en) * 2010-06-18 2010-10-27 扬州中凌自动化技术有限公司 Control method for implementing electronic commutation and four-quadrant operation of series excited motor, and device thereof
CN103546079A (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-29 北京友信宏科电子科技有限公司 Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor
CN105207548A (en) * 2015-09-15 2015-12-30 扬州大学 Electronic commutation series excited direct-current motor four-quadrant operation control device and method
CN211457026U (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-09-08 淮安信息职业技术学院 Feedback type stepless speed regulating circuit for electric vehicle

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