CN111012356A - Gait detection and identification system and method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing - Google Patents
Gait detection and identification system and method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gait detection and identification system and method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, relating to the field of gait detection and identification, wherein the system comprises a light source module, an optical fiber coupling module, a detection demodulation module, a signal processing module, an upper computer module and a plurality of micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors; the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises a multi-core optical fiber, a photonic crystal optical fiber and a single-mode optical fiber which are sequentially connected, wherein a tapering area is arranged on the single-mode optical fiber, the connection part of the multi-core optical fiber and the photonic crystal optical fiber is a first collapse area, and the connection part of the photonic crystal optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber is a second collapse area. The invention can avoid the sensor from being influenced by the intersection in the measuring process, thereby carrying out the three-dimensional gait detection and identification of multi-information fusion and effectively improving the measuring precision and the identification rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gait detection and identification, in particular to a gait detection and identification system and method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing.
Background
As the inherent physiological characteristics of human body, gait can play its role in many fields such as intelligent artificial limb, intelligent monitoring, clinical medicine, rehabilitation therapy, motion analysis, etc. Through gait detection and identification, the behaviors of the moving human body can be analyzed, and further the tracking detection of the abnormal behaviors or states of special people is realized.
According to different information obtaining modes, the gait recognition mode comprises image recognition and motion sensor recognition, the image recognition is a vision-based recognition mode, the identity recognition of self action is realized by performing a series of processing on a video image sequence, the gait recognition method is a non-contact information acquisition technology, is suitable for remote gait recognition, is usually used for a security inspection system in public places such as airports and the like, is easily influenced by environmental factors such as illumination, scenes, angles, shielding and the like when the image recognition is used, and the recognition accuracy of the existing algorithm is low.
The motion sensor identification is a non-visual identification mode, the mode is that the sensor is placed at a corresponding position of a human body, the sensor is used for collecting data, and then the collected data is analyzed and processed to identify the gait.
In recent years, many documents disclosing gait detection and recognition by motion sensors focus on one-dimensional detection, that is, a sensor measures sole pressure, joint angle or motion acceleration singly, and the detection method obtains a single signal and has a limited gait recognition rate.
On the basis, a plurality of sensors developed parallelly acquire human motion signals (such as sole pressure, knee joint angles, hip joint angles and the like), and three-dimensional gait detection and identification for multi-information fusion is a brand-new detection mechanism, opens up a new model for a gait identification algorithm, and gradually becomes a more effective gait detection and identification method.
The optical fiber sensor has the characteristics of small volume, high sensitivity, strong anti-interference capability and the like, and is widely concerned in the field of sensing and monitoring. The commonly used optical fiber sensor comprises an interference type sensor, a grating type sensor, a Raman or Brillouin scattering distributed sensor, and a dot-matrix or quasi-distributed sensor, wherein in the actual detection process, parameters such as temperature, stress, bending angle and the like of a human body act on the sensor simultaneously when the human body moves, the sensor is required to detect a plurality of parameters simultaneously, the results are not interfered with each other, and the cross influence is eliminated, so that accurate data can be obtained.
The invention patent application with publication number CN102512185A discloses a wearable foot health measurement method, which includes an insole with embedded fiber grating sensors, and is used for measuring the pressure of 8 joint bones on the insole during foot movement, when in use, the transmission or reflection wave length drift of the same fiber grating sensor is influenced by the intersection of temperature, pressure, transverse stress, bending angle and acceleration, the method does not describe how to solve the problem that the fiber grating sensors are influenced by the intersection in the measurement process, and the measurement effect is limited and the accuracy is low.
The invention patent with publication number CN202096210U discloses a "wireless gait measuring instrument based on plantar pressure", which is actually a gait detection insole adopting a film piezoresistive pressure sensor, and the measuring instrument adopts a one-dimensional detection mechanism based on plantar pressure, and transmits data in a wireless mode, and compared with a method adopting three-dimensional gait detection and identification, the identification rate is insufficient.
The invention patent application with publication number CN106913342A discloses a gait test system and method based on fiber grating and pressure sensors, which uses fiber grating to test the surface pressure and plantar pressure of upper and lower limbs, uses pressure sensors to test plantar pressure as a gait detection method of calibration standard, and simultaneously tests the pressure of different body parts of a user. However, this method also does not describe how to avoid the fiber grating sensor from being cross-affected during the measurement process, resulting in limited accuracy of the measurement result.
The invention patent with publication number CN202522352U discloses a "sole pressure measuring device based on fiber grating", which uses fiber grating to measure sole pressure, the measuring mode is one-dimensional measurement, and how to solve the problem that the fiber grating sensor is influenced by cross in the measuring process is not described, the measuring effect is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gait detection and identification system and method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, which can avoid the mutual influence of sensors in the measurement process, can perform multi-information fusion three-dimensional gait detection and identification and has higher measurement precision.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing comprises a light source module, an optical fiber coupling module, a detection demodulation module, a signal processing module, an upper computer module and a plurality of micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors;
the light source module is used for providing a sweep frequency optical signal and sending the sweep frequency optical signal to the optical fiber coupling module; the optical fiber coupling module is used for coupling the sweep frequency optical signals into a plurality of beams of sweep frequency optical signals and transmitting the sweep frequency optical signals to the corresponding micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors, and the number of the sweep frequency optical signal paths coupled by the optical fiber coupling module is consistent with the number of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors;
the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor is fixed at the positions of a foot bottom, a knee joint, a hip joint and the like of a person to be detected, and is used for detecting motion information such as two-dimensional bending, temperature, stress, pressure and the like of a relevant part and sending the motion information to the detection demodulation module;
the detection demodulation module is used for demodulating an optical signal output by the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor in the detection process and sending the optical signal to the signal processing module; the signal processing module is used for sampling and carrying out algorithm processing on the electric signals output by the detection demodulation module and then transmitting the electric signals to the upper computer module, and the upper computer module stores, displays and analyzes the received signals;
the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises a multi-core optical fiber, a photonic crystal optical fiber and a single-mode optical fiber which are sequentially connected, wherein a tapering area is arranged on the single-mode optical fiber, the connection part of the multi-core optical fiber and the photonic crystal optical fiber is a first collapse area, and the connection part of the photonic crystal optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber is a second collapse area.
Furthermore, one surface of the first collapse area corresponding to the photonic crystal fiber is a first welding surface, and one surface of the second collapse area corresponding to the photonic crystal fiber is a second welding surface.
Further, the multi-core fiber comprises at least two fiber cores, when a fundamental mode optical signal in each fiber core is transmitted to a first fusion surface, the fundamental mode optical signal is divided into a first reflection signal and a first transmission signal, the first reflection signal is reflected to the direction of the multi-core fiber, when the first transmission signal passes through the photonic crystal fiber and is transmitted to a second fusion surface, the first transmission signal is divided into a second reflection signal and a second transmission signal, the second reflection signal is reflected to the direction of the multi-core fiber and interferes with the first reflection signal to form a first interference output signal, and the first interference output signal is output to the detection demodulation module;
the second transmission signal gets into the second area of collapsing to form coupling signal at the second area of collapsing and get into single mode fiber, coupling signal is at single mode fiber's the first cladding mode light signal of the area front end coupling for the optical signal of the base mode of drawing cone and a plurality of excitations, the base mode light signal of drawing cone is along single mode fiber's fibre core transmission, and is a plurality of first cladding mode light signal diverges at the area front end of drawing cone, the rear end assembles the fibre core to single mode fiber and interferes formation second with the base mode light signal coupling of drawing cone and interferes the output signal, the output of second interference output signal is to detecting demodulation module.
Further, the preparation method of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the relative positions of the multicore fiber and the photonic crystal fiber in the X axis and the Y axis to the maximum optical power value by using the manual mode of the optical fiber fusion splicer, aligning the fiber core of the photonic crystal fiber with the fiber core of the multicore fiber completely at the time, welding the multicore fiber and the photonic crystal fiber, and cutting the multicore fiber to 200-800 um;
and S2, welding one end of the photonic crystal fiber, which is far away from the multi-core fiber, with the single-mode fiber after tapering.
Furthermore, when the photonic crystal fiber is welded with the single-mode fiber, one end, far away from the photonic crystal fiber, of the single-mode fiber is connected with the spectrometer, and the interference fringes are adjusted to be welded when the contrast is maximum.
Furthermore, an isolator and an optical circulator are arranged between the optical fiber coupling module and each micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor.
A gait detection and identification method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor at the corresponding part of the body of a tester, and calibrating the two-dimensional bending degree, temperature, stress and pressure detection value of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor;
and S2, the testee walks, and the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor acquires corresponding data and transmits the data to the signal processing module for processing through the optical fiber coupling module and the detection demodulation module.
Further, the step S1 of calibrating the two-dimensional bending degree, temperature, stress and pressure detection values of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor includes the following steps:
a. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the direction curvature of the optical signal inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a direction curvature detection device: respectively detecting the curvature of 0m under the bending directions of 0 degree, 90 degrees and 180 degrees-1、0.5m-1、1m-1、1.5m-1、2m-1、2.5m-1、3m-1、3.5m-1、4m-1、4.5m-1、5m-1A lower wavelength drift value;
b. according to corresponding wavelength drift values under different bending directions and curvatures, calculating coefficients a1, a2 and b1 according to a formula y 1-a 1 × x1+ a2 × x2+ b1, and establishing a wavelength drift-bending direction curvature equation;
c. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the pressure of the transmission and reflection optical signals in the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a transverse stress detection device: respectively placing at least three standard weights on the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, and reading and recording the wavelength drift values of the transmission and reflection optical signals inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor corresponding to each group of weights;
d. calculating coefficients a2 and b2 according to the wavelength drift values corresponding to different weights and a formula y2 ═ a2 × x2+ b2, and establishing a wavelength drift-weight equation;
e. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the stress of the internal transmission light signal of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a stress detection device: respectively hanging at least three standard weights on the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, and reading and recording the wavelength drift values of the transmission and reflection optical signals inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor corresponding to each group of weights;
f. according to the wavelength drift values corresponding to different weights, calculating coefficients a2 and b2 according to a formula y2 which is a2 multiplied by x2+ b2, and establishing a wavelength drift-weight equation.
Further, the signal processing module performs data processing including filtering, denoising and resolving;
the filtering and denoising processing comprises the following steps:
judging that a wavelength drift point is an isolated point, extracting data corresponding to test stress, pressure and bending, extracting n packets of test stress data, constructing a2 x2 filtering window by taking 4 packets of data as a unit, counting effective wavelength drift points in the window according to the window, taking a threshold value t as a judgment standard, adding 1 to the counting if the number of the effective points is greater than the threshold value, finally obtaining the sum of the counting of the front and back n packets of data, if the sum of the counting is greater than the threshold value t, indicating the effective data points, filtering the current 2 x2 window by adopting a filtering algorithm, and if the sum of the counting is less than the threshold value t, setting 0 to the data of the next wavelength drift point, and judging the next wavelength drift point.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing comprises a light source module, an optical fiber coupling module, a detection demodulation module, a signal processing module, an upper computer module and a plurality of micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors; the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises a multi-core optical fiber, a photonic crystal optical fiber and a single-mode optical fiber which are connected in sequence, wherein a tapered region is arranged on the single-mode optical fiber, the connection part of the multi-core optical fiber and the photonic crystal optical fiber is a first collapse region, and the connection part of the photonic crystal optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber is a second collapse region; the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor can detect different parameters in parallel, avoids cross influence among different data, can detect bending, temperature, stress and pressure in two-dimensional directions simultaneously, further can improve the measurement precision on the basis of increasing the number of objects to be measured, and realizes multi-source three-dimensional gait detection and identification.
(2) The invention discloses a gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, and the currently disclosed mode of gait detection by using optical fibers mainly uses a grating type sensor. However, in practical applications, parameters such as temperature, stress, bending, and pressure act on the sensor at the same time, and it is necessary that the sensor avoid cross-influence and detection results do not interfere with each other. On the other hand, with the further expansion of the application field of the optical fiber sensing technology, parameters such as temperature, stress, bending degree, pressure and the like need to be detected simultaneously. Therefore, the composite optical fiber sensor with the parameters of detecting temperature, stress, bending degree, pressure and the like has great application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal structure and optical path transmission diagram of a micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a light path transmission diagram of a gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a signal processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a multi-source curve shifting gait recognition algorithm based on a spatial domain in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-multi-core fiber, 2-first collapse region, 3-photonic crystal fiber, 4-second collapse region, 5-single-mode fiber, 6-tapering region, 7-first fusion-splicing surface, 8-second fusion-splicing surface, 9-fiber core, 10-base mode optical signal, 11-first reflection signal, 12-first transmission signal, 13-second reflection signal, 14-second transmission signal, 15-coupling signal, 16-tapering base mode optical signal, 17-first cladding mode optical signal, 18-first interference output signal, 19-second interference output signal, 20-isolator, 21-optical circulator.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the invention provides a gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, which comprises a light source module, an optical fiber coupling module, a detection demodulation module, a signal processing module, an upper computer module and a plurality of micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors, wherein an isolator 20 and an optical circulator 21 are arranged between the optical fiber coupling module and each micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor.
The light source module is used for providing a sweep frequency optical signal and sending the sweep frequency optical signal to the optical fiber coupling module; the optical fiber coupling module is used for coupling the sweep frequency optical signals into a plurality of beams of sweep frequency optical signals and transmitting the sweep frequency optical signals to the corresponding micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors, the number of the sweep frequency optical signal paths coupled out by the optical fiber coupling module is consistent with the number of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors, and the optical fiber coupling module is connected with the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors through optical fibers.
The micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor is fixed at the positions of a foot bottom, a knee joint, a hip joint and the like of a person to be detected, is used for detecting motion information such as two-dimensional bending, temperature, stress, pressure and the like of a relevant part and sending the motion information to the detection demodulation module, and the specific fixed position is set according to actual needs.
The detection demodulation module is used for demodulating an optical signal output by the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor in the detection process and sending the optical signal to the signal processing module; the signal processing module is used for sampling and carrying out algorithm processing on the electric signals output by the detection demodulation module, and then transmitting the electric signals to the upper computer module, and the upper computer module stores, displays and analyzes the received signals.
The micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises a multi-core optical fiber 1, a photonic crystal optical fiber 3 and a single-mode optical fiber 5 which are connected in sequence, wherein a tapering area 6 is arranged on the single-mode optical fiber 5, a first collapse area 2 is arranged at the connection position of the multi-core optical fiber 1 and the photonic crystal optical fiber 3, a second collapse area 4 is arranged at the connection position of the photonic crystal optical fiber 3 and the single-mode optical fiber 5, a first welding surface 7 is arranged at one side of the first collapse area 2 corresponding to the photonic crystal optical fiber 3, and a second welding surface 8 is arranged at one side of the second collapse area 4 corresponding to the photonic crystal optical fiber 3.
Referring to fig. 3, there are at least two fiber cores 9 in the multi-core optical fiber 1, when a fundamental mode optical signal 10 (taking an optical path in one of the fiber cores 9 as an example) in the fiber cores 9 is transmitted to the first fusion-spliced surface 7, the fundamental mode optical signal is divided into a first reflection signal 11 and a first transmission signal 12, the first reflection signal 11 is reflected to the direction of the multi-core optical fiber 1, when the first transmission signal 12 passes through the photonic crystal optical fiber 3 and is transmitted to the second fusion-spliced surface 8, the first reflection signal is divided into a second reflection signal 13 and a second transmission signal 14, the second reflection signal 13 is reflected to the direction of the multi-core optical fiber 1 and interferes with the first reflection signal 11 to form a first interference output signal 18, and the first interference output signal 18 is output to the detection.
The second transmission signal 14 enters the second collapse area 4, the coupling signal 15 is formed by coupling in the second collapse area 4 and enters the single-mode fiber 5, the coupling signal 15 is coupled into a tapered fundamental mode optical signal 16 and a plurality of excited divergent first cladding mode optical signals 17 at the front end of a tapered region 6 of the single-mode fiber 5, the tapered fundamental mode optical signal 16 is transmitted along the fiber core of the single-mode fiber 5, the plurality of first cladding mode optical signals 17 are excited at the front end of the tapered region 6, the rear end of the first cladding mode optical signals are coupled to the fiber core of the single-mode fiber 5 and interfere with the tapered fundamental mode optical signals 16 to form a second interference output signal 19, and the second interference output signal 19 is output to the detection demodulation module.
In practical use, the number of cores 9 in the multicore fiber 1 is set according to actual needs, and in this embodiment, a three-core fiber is taken as an example for detailed description.
Referring to fig. 2, taking a three-core fiber as an example, a plurality of optical signals propagating in the multi-core fiber 1 enter the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 3 through the collapsed regions, and due to the difference in refractive index between air and silica, when the three optical signals enter the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 3, first reflected optical signals 18 are respectively generated in the first collapsed region 2: i is1-1、I2-1And I3-1(ii) a And a second reflected optical signal 19 is generated when the optical fiber enters the second collapse region 4 after passing through the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 3: i is1-2、I2-2And I3-2And the second reflected light signal 19 interferes with the first reflected light signal 18, and at this time, a fabry-perot interference (FPI) part of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor is formed, and the interference intensity of each optical signal of the part can be expressed as:
in formula I1、I2And I3Respectively representing the interference intensity of the three beams of light signals, gammaiRepresenting the phase difference between the ith light signals, when the transmitted light signals of the hollow photonic crystal fiber are coupled into the tapered single-mode fiber, the basic mode light signals are coupled into cladding mode light signals and partial basic mode light signals, the basic mode light signals are coupled again at the other end of the tapered single-mode fiber, and the interference intensity I is obtained at the moment4Can be expressed as:
in formula two, α and β represent cascade coupling coefficients, L represents interference length, and IcoAnd IclRepresenting the intensity of the fundamental and cladding modes in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) section of a tapered single-mode fiber, niRepresenting the effective index difference between the fundamental mode and the ith cladding mode in the cascaded structure.
When two-dimensional bending, stress, temperature and pressure act on the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, the reflection spectrum of the FPI part can shift, and the transmission spectrum of the MZI part can shift. Therefore, the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor is fixed at certain parts of the body of the testee, the detection parts of the FPI and the MZI are compensated by detecting the change of the reflection and transmission resonance wavelengths, so that the detection parts are independent from each other and do not interfere with each other, and multi-source three-dimensional identification and judgment can be carried out on the gait characteristics of the testee.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the swept-frequency light source module generates a swept-frequency light signal required for testing and sends the swept-frequency light signal to the fiber coupling module, the fiber coupling module couples a plurality of swept-frequency light signals according to the measured site number (the number of micro-nano fiber composite sensors), in the embodiment of the invention, 6 swept-frequency light signals are coupled, each swept-frequency light signal is transmitted to a corresponding isolator 20 through a single-mode fiber, in order to ensure the unidirectionality of the optical signal transmission direction, the optical signal passing through the isolator 20 is transmitted to the corresponding optical circulator 21, the optical circulator 21 transmits the corresponding optical signal into the corresponding micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, the second interference output signal 19 collected by the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor is directly transmitted to the detection demodulation module, and the first interference output signal 18 is transmitted to the detection demodulation module via the optical circulator 21 after being reflected to the corresponding optical circulator 21.
The detection demodulation module demodulates the wavelength variation values of the first interference output signal 18 and the second interference output signal 19 into electric signals and transmits the electric signals to the signal processing module for processing, and the signal processing module transmits the processed signals to an upper computer through a bus.
Referring to fig. 4, the digital signal processing module includes n-channel AD acquisition units, a main processor, a data encoding unit, a data storage unit, an algorithm processor and a bus, where the AD acquisition unit, the data encoding unit, and the data storage unit are all connected to the main processor, and the algorithm processor is connected to the data storage unit. The AD acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first interference output signal 18 and a second interference output signal 19 sent by the corresponding micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors and sending the signals to the main processor for preprocessing, meanwhile, the main processor is also used as a high-speed interface to coordinate signal transmission in the digital signal processing unit, the algorithm processor carries out multi-source curve deviation gait recognition algorithm processing based on a spatial domain on the digital signals preprocessed by the main processor, the data storage unit is used for storing data needing to be temporarily stored in the main processor and the algorithm processor in the working process, and the data coding unit carries out related data classification coding processing on the digital signals processed by the main processor and the algorithm processor and transmits the digital signals to the upper computer through a bus.
The data exchange flow between the main processor and the algorithm processor is as follows:
a. the main processor acquires a first packet of digital signals (including a first interference output signal 18 and a second interference output signal 19) from the AD acquisition unit, and stores the first packet of digital signals in the data storage unit after filtering preprocessing.
c. The algorithm processor takes out the first packet data stored in the data storage unit for relevant image algorithm processing, and meanwhile, the main processor acquires the second packet digital signal from the AD acquisition unit, and stores the second packet digital signal in the data storage unit after filtering preprocessing.
d. And after the algorithm processing unit transmits the processed first packet data to the main processor, reading the temporarily stored second packet data from the data storage unit.
e. And the main processor performs multi-source curve offset gait recognition algorithm model processing based on a spatial domain on the first packet of data transmitted by the algorithm processor, and transmits the processed data to the upper computer through the bus after the processing.
Meanwhile, the algorithm processor transmits the second packet data to the main processor after the multi-source curve deviation gait recognition algorithm based on the spatial domain is carried out on the second packet data, and the main processor transmits the second packet data to the data coding unit for coding and then transmits the coded second packet data to the upper computer through the bus.
Referring to fig. 5, the multi-source curve shifting gait recognition algorithm based on the spatial domain in the step e includes: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out motion segmentation on data acquired by a multi-path micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, extracting features of different data types, and carrying out standardized calibration on the data, thereby establishing standard motion features of different data types, placing feature data in feature space for calculation, including similarity clustering, feature extraction and feature vector combination, and carrying out learning mode modeling on the calculated feature space, and comprises the following steps: feature extraction, fuzzy judgment, subspace matching, gait similarity measurement and maximum similarity, and finally human body recognition is achieved.
The motion segmentation of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises gait detection and identification by adopting a curve offset nearest neighbor algorithm in combination with a time domain, a frequency domain and a spectral domain, and the gait detection and identification based on a vector machine.
The characteristic extraction comprises the extraction of pressure data tested by the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor for testing the plantar pressure in a time domain, a frequency domain and a spectral domain; extracting data for testing pressure and stress generated by muscle stretching in a time domain, a frequency domain and a spectrum domain; the method is used for extracting the directional bending data of the body parts such as the knee, the hip joint and the like caused by bending in the time domain, the frequency domain and the spectral domain.
The data filtering and denoising method is mainly used for removing isolated wavelength drift points collected in the detection process of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, and comprises the following specific steps:
the filtering and denoising processing comprises the following steps:
and step one, rapidly judging whether the wavelength drift point is isolated, if so, turning to step two, and otherwise, judging the next wavelength drift value.
The method for rapidly judging whether the wavelength drift point is an isolated point comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of wavelength observation points in a time domain, comparing drift values before and after the selected wavelength observation points, if the drift values are larger than the mean value, removing the wavelength observation points, and if the drift values are smaller than the mean value, reserving the wavelength observation points.
And step two, classifying and extracting the stored characteristic parameters according to the test quantity, and respectively extracting data such as test stress, pressure, two-dimensional bending and the like.
Extracting n packets of test stress data, constructing a2 x2 filtering window by taking 4 packets of data as a unit, counting effective wavelength shift points in the window according to the effective wavelength shift points, taking a threshold value t as a judgment standard, adding 1 to the counting if the number of effective points is greater than the threshold value, finally obtaining the sum of the counting of the front and back n packets of data, if the sum of the counting is greater than the threshold value t, indicating the data is an effective data point, filtering the current 2 x2 window by adopting a filtering algorithm, if the sum of the counting is less than the threshold value t, setting the packet of data to be 0, and turning to the third step.
And step three, judging whether all data are processed completely, if so, finishing filtering, and otherwise, turning to the step one.
The preparation method of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises the following steps:
A. the multi-core optical fiber 1 to be welded is connected to a light source, and the other end of the multi-core optical fiber 1 is directly connected with an optical power meter, so that real-time monitoring in the welding process is guaranteed.
And adjusting the relative positions of the multicore fiber 1 and the photonic crystal fiber 3 in the X axis and the Y axis to the maximum optical power value by using a manual mode of an optical fiber fusion splicer, completely aligning the fiber core of the photonic crystal fiber 3 with the fiber core 9 of the multicore fiber 1, welding the multicore fiber 1 and the photonic crystal fiber 3, and cutting the multicore fiber 1 to 200-800 um.
S2, welding one end, far away from the multi-core fiber 1, of the photonic crystal fiber 3 with the single-mode fiber 5 after tapering, wherein when the photonic crystal fiber 3 is welded with the single-mode fiber 5, one end, far away from the photonic crystal fiber 3, of the single-mode fiber 5 is connected to a spectrometer, adjusting the contrast of interference fringes in the spectrometer by observing the change of the contrast of the interference fringes, and welding the interference fringes until the contrast is maximum.
The invention also provides a gait detection and identification method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor at the corresponding part of the body of the tester, and calibrating the detection values of the two-dimensional bending degree, the temperature, the stress and the pressure of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor.
And S2, the testee walks, and the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor collects corresponding data and transmits the data to the signal processing module for processing through the optical fiber coupling module and the detection demodulation module.
And the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor performs data segmentation and identification, after characteristic parameters are extracted, the characteristic parameters are stored in a database, and the collected corresponding data is subjected to filtering and denoising processing and resolving.
The step S1 of calibrating the detection values of the two-dimensional curvature, the temperature, the stress and the pressure of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises the following steps:
a. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the direction curvature of the optical signal inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a direction curvature detection device: respectively detecting the curvature of 0m under the bending directions of 0 degree, 90 degrees and 180 degrees-1、0.5m-1、1m-1、1.5m-1、2m-1、2.5m-1、3m-1、3.5m-1、4m-1、4.5m-1、5m-1A lower wavelength drift value;
b. according to corresponding wavelength drift values under different bending directions and curvatures, calculating coefficients a1, a2 and b1 according to a formula y 1-a 1 × x1+ a2 × x2+ b1, and establishing a wavelength drift-bending direction curvature equation;
c. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the pressure of the transmission and reflection optical signals inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a pressure detection device: respectively placing at least three standard weights on the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, and reading and recording the wavelength drift values of the transmission and reflection optical signals inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor corresponding to each group of weights;
d. calculating coefficients a2 and b2 according to the wavelength drift values corresponding to different weights and a formula y2 ═ a2 × x2+ b2, and establishing a wavelength drift-weight equation;
e. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the stress of the internal transmission light signal of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a stress detection device: respectively hanging at least three standard weights on the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, and reading and recording the wavelength drift values of the transmission and reflection optical signals inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor corresponding to each group of weights;
f. according to the wavelength drift values corresponding to different weights, calculating coefficients a2 and b2 according to a formula y2 which is a2 multiplied by x2+ b2, and establishing a wavelength drift-weight equation.
The micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor is fixed at a part (usually, a foot, a knee joint, a hip joint and the like) to be tested of a tested person, wherein the foot can be a sole which generates stress and pressure changes or an ankle which generates angle changes.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone with the teaching of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention, are within the protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. A gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing is characterized in that: the system comprises a light source module, an optical fiber coupling module, a detection demodulation module, a signal processing module, an upper computer module and a plurality of micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors;
the light source module is used for providing a sweep frequency optical signal and sending the sweep frequency optical signal to the optical fiber coupling module; the optical fiber coupling module is used for coupling the sweep frequency optical signals into a plurality of beams of sweep frequency optical signals and transmitting the sweep frequency optical signals to the corresponding micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors, and the number of the sweep frequency optical signal paths coupled by the optical fiber coupling module is consistent with the number of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensors;
the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor is fixed at the positions of a foot bottom, a knee joint, a hip joint and the like of a person to be detected, and is used for detecting motion information such as two-dimensional bending, temperature, stress, pressure and the like of a relevant part and sending the motion information to the detection demodulation module;
the detection demodulation module is used for demodulating an optical signal output by the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor in the detection process and sending the optical signal to the signal processing module; the signal processing module is used for sampling and carrying out algorithm processing on the electric signals output by the detection demodulation module and then transmitting the electric signals to the upper computer module, and the upper computer module stores, displays and analyzes the received signals;
the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises a multi-core optical fiber (1), a photonic crystal optical fiber (3) and a single-mode optical fiber (5) which are sequentially connected, wherein a tapering area (6) is arranged on the single-mode optical fiber (5), the multi-core optical fiber (1) is connected with the photonic crystal optical fiber (3) through a first collapse area (2), and the photonic crystal optical fiber (3) is connected with the single-mode optical fiber (5) through a second collapse area (4).
2. The gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one surface of the first collapse area (2) corresponding to the photonic crystal fiber (3) is a first welding surface (7), and one surface of the second collapse area (4) corresponding to the photonic crystal fiber (3) is a second welding surface (8).
3. The gait detection and recognition system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the multi-core optical fiber (1) comprises at least two fiber cores (9), when a fundamental mode optical signal (10) in each fiber core (9) is transmitted to a first fusion surface (7), the fundamental mode optical signal is divided into a first reflection signal (11) and a first transmission signal (12), the first reflection signal (11) is reflected to the direction of the multi-core optical fiber (1), when the first transmission signal (12) passes through the photonic crystal optical fiber (3) and is transmitted to a second fusion surface (8), the first transmission signal is divided into a second reflection signal (13) and a second transmission signal (14), the second reflection signal (13) is reflected to the direction of the multi-core optical fiber (1) and interferes with the first reflection signal (11) to form a first interference output signal (18), and the first interference output signal (18) is output to a detection demodulation module;
the second transmission signal (14) enters a second collapse area (4), a coupling signal (15) is formed in the second collapse area (4) in a coupling mode and enters the single-mode fiber (5), the coupling signal (15) is coupled to a tapered base mode optical signal (16) and a plurality of first cladding mode optical signals (17) excited at the front end of a tapered area (6) of the single-mode fiber (5), the tapered base mode optical signal (16) is transmitted along the fiber core of the single-mode fiber (5), the first cladding mode optical signals (17) are excited at the front end of the tapered area (6), the rear end of the first cladding mode optical signals are coupled to the fiber core of the single-mode fiber (5) and interfere with the tapered base mode optical signal (16) to form a second interference output signal (19), and the second interference output signal (19) is output to a detection demodulation module.
4. The gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the relative positions of the multicore fiber (1) and the photonic crystal fiber (3) in the X axis and the Y axis to the maximum optical power value by using the manual mode of the optical fiber fusion splicer, aligning the fiber core of the photonic crystal fiber (3) with the fiber core (9) of the multicore fiber (1) completely at the time, welding the multicore fiber (1) and the photonic crystal fiber (3), and cutting the multicore fiber (1) to 200-800 um;
and S2, welding one end of the photonic crystal fiber (3) far away from the multi-core fiber (1) with the tapered single-mode fiber (5).
5. The gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, according to claim 4, is characterized in that: when the photonic crystal fiber (3) is welded with the single-mode fiber (5), one end, far away from the photonic crystal fiber (3), of the single-mode fiber (5) is connected with a spectrometer, and the interference fringes are adjusted to be welded when the contrast is maximum.
6. The gait detection and identification system based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing, according to claim 4, is characterized in that: an isolator (20) and an optical circulator (21) are arranged between the optical fiber coupling module and each micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor.
7. A gait detection and identification method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing of the system of any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor at the corresponding part of the body of a tester, and calibrating the two-dimensional bending degree, temperature, stress and pressure detection value of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor;
and S2, the testee walks, and the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor collects corresponding data and transmits the data to the signal processing module for processing through the optical fiber coupling module and the detection demodulation module.
8. The gait detection and identification method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step S1, the calibrating of the two-dimensional curvature, temperature, stress and pressure detection values of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor includes the following steps:
a. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the direction curvature of the optical signal inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a direction curvature detection device: respectively detecting the curvature of 0m under the bending directions of 0 degree, 90 degrees and 180 degrees-1、0.5m-1、1m-1、1.5m-1、2m-1、2.5m-1、3m-1、3.5m-1、4m-1、4.5m-1、5m-1A lower wavelength drift value;
b. according to corresponding wavelength drift values under different bending directions and curvatures, calculating coefficients a1, a2 and b1 according to a formula y 1-a 1 × x1+ a2 × x2+ b1, and establishing a wavelength drift-bending direction curvature equation;
c. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the pressure of the transmission and reflection optical signals in the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a transverse stress detection device: respectively placing at least three standard weights on the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, and reading and recording the wavelength drift values of the transmission and reflection optical signals inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor corresponding to each group of weights;
d. calculating coefficients a2 and b2 according to the wavelength drift values corresponding to different weights and a formula y2 ═ a2 × x2+ b2, and establishing a wavelength drift-weight equation;
e. testing the corresponding relation between the wavelength drift and the stress of the internal transmission light signal of the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor by using a stress detection device: respectively hanging at least three standard weights on the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor, and reading and recording the wavelength drift values of the transmission and reflection optical signals inside the micro-nano optical fiber composite sensor corresponding to each group of weights;
f. according to the wavelength drift values corresponding to different weights, calculating coefficients a2 and b2 according to a formula y2 which is a2 multiplied by x2+ b2, and establishing a wavelength drift-weight equation.
9. The gait detection and identification method based on micro-nano optical fiber composite sensing according to claim 7, characterized in that: the signal processing module performs data processing including filtering, denoising and resolving;
the filtering and denoising processing comprises the following steps:
judging that a wavelength drift point is an isolated point, extracting data corresponding to test stress, pressure and bending, extracting n packets of test stress data, constructing a2 x2 filtering window by taking 4 packets of data as a unit, counting effective wavelength drift points in the window according to the window, taking a threshold value t as a judgment standard, adding 1 to the counting if the number of the effective points is greater than the threshold value, finally obtaining the sum of the counting of the front and back n packets of data, if the sum of the counting is greater than the threshold value t, indicating the effective data points, filtering the current 2 x2 window by adopting a filtering algorithm, and if the sum of the counting is less than the threshold value t, setting 0 to the data of the next wavelength drift point, and judging the next wavelength drift point.
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