CN110336363B - Charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording functions - Google Patents
Charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN110336363B CN110336363B CN201810265509.7A CN201810265509A CN110336363B CN 110336363 B CN110336363 B CN 110336363B CN 201810265509 A CN201810265509 A CN 201810265509A CN 110336363 B CN110336363 B CN 110336363B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 101100100146 Candida albicans NTC1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 101100489713 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GND1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 101000835083 Homo sapiens Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100026134 Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101100152598 Arabidopsis thaliana CYP73A5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100219315 Arabidopsis thaliana CYP83A1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100269674 Mus musculus Alyref2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100140580 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) REF2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100489717 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GND2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H02J7/027—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a charger, which comprises a power supply module, an output module, a detection module, a microcontroller and a restart module. The detection module comprises a divider resistor and a negative temperature coefficient thermistor. The first end of the divider resistor is coupled to an auxiliary voltage provided by the power supply module, the first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is coupled to the second end of the divider resistor, and the second end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is coupled to a bias voltage. The pin of the microcontroller is coupled between the divider resistor and the negative temperature coefficient thermistor and used for turning off the microcontroller when the pin potential is lower than the reference voltage. The restart module comprises a comparator, wherein a positive input end of the comparator is coupled to the pin bit, a negative input end of the comparator is coupled to the restart voltage, and an output end of the comparator is used for outputting an enabling signal when the potential of the positive input end is higher than the restart voltage so as to start the output module to provide an output voltage. The invention can provide the charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording, so as to be beneficial to subsequent analysis or debugging.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to chargers, and particularly to a charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording functions.
Background
With the development of science and technology, 3C products on the market are diversified, and portable electronic products such as mobile phones, notebook computers or digital cameras are mostly powered by batteries. Since a large amount of waste batteries produced after the primary batteries are used up may cause environmental problems, consumers nowadays mostly use secondary batteries, such as rechargeable lithium batteries.
The charger is generally designed with an overcharge protection circuit, an overdischarge protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and an overtemperature protection circuit to prevent the battery from being dangerously or permanently damaged due to overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent short circuit, and over-temperature. The over-temperature protection mechanism for the chargers on the market is mostly in an automatic recovery mode, which means that when the over-temperature protection occurs to the charger, the charger controller is closed to stop the output of the charger until the charger is cooled down, and the charger is enabled to operate again at the recovery controller.
However, when the conventional charger starts the over-temperature protection, it is not known which component inside is overheated, and thus the corresponding analysis or debugging cannot be performed. Therefore, a charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording, so as to facilitate subsequent analysis or debugging.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording, which includes a power supply module, an output module, a detection module, a microcontroller, and a restart module. The power supply module is used for providing an auxiliary voltage, and the output module is used for providing an output voltage. The detection module comprises a divider resistor and a negative temperature coefficient thermistor. The first end of the divider resistor is coupled to the auxiliary voltage, the first end of the NTC thermistor is coupled to the second end of the divider resistor, and the second end of the NTC thermistor is coupled to a bias voltage. The pin of the microcontroller is coupled between the divider resistor and the negative temperature coefficient thermistor and used for turning off the microcontroller when the potential of the pin is lower than a reference voltage. The restart module comprises a comparator, a positive input end of which is coupled to the pin, a negative input end of which is coupled to a restart voltage, and an output end of which is used for outputting an enable signal when the potential of the positive input end is higher than the restart voltage, so as to start the output module to provide the output voltage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the charger according to the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
10. power supply module
20. Output module
22. Transistor driver
24. Output load
30. Detecting module
40. Micro-controller
50. Restarting module
100. Charging unit
TR auxiliary winding
P1-PN pin position
CP 1-CPN comparator
D0 Auxiliary diode
A1-AN, B1-BN diodes
C0 Auxiliary capacitor
Co output capacitor
V0 auxiliary voltage
VT1 VTN sense voltage
V1-VN restart voltage
V GND1 、V GND2 Bias voltage
Qo output switch
R1-RN voltage dividing resistor
NTC 1-NTCN negative temperature coefficient thermistor
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charger 100 with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording according to an embodiment of the present invention. The charger 100 includes a power supply module 10, an output module 20, a detection module 30, a microcontroller 40, and a reset module 50.
The power supply module 10 includes an auxiliary winding TR, an auxiliary diode D0, and an auxiliary capacitor C0, and is capable of providing an auxiliary voltage V0 to the detection module 30. However, the structure of the power supply module 10 does not limit the scope of the present invention.
The output module 20 includes a transistor driver 22, an output switch Qo, an output capacitor Co, and an output load 24. The transistor driver 22 turns on the output switch Qo according to an enable signal S1, thereby providing an output voltage Vo to charge the battery. However, the structure of the output module 20 does not limit the scope of the present invention.
The detection module 30 includes N groups of voltage division loops and (N-1) groups of diode circuits, where N is an integer greater than 1. Each voltage-dividing loop comprises a voltage-dividing resistor (represented by R1-RN) and a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor (represented by NTC 1-NTCN), which are connected in series with an auxiliary voltage V0 and a bias voltage V GND1 In the meantime.
In the embodiment of the invention, the NTC1 to NTCN may be respectively disposed near different components in the charger 100 to provide sensing voltages VT1 to VTN related to the operating temperatures of the corresponding components, so as to determine whether the corresponding components are over-temperature. For example, for the embodiment when N =3, the NTC1 may be disposed on a main transformer (not shown) of the charger 100 to sense a temperature of the main transformer (the sensing voltage VT 1), the NTC2 may be disposed on an output diode (not shown) of the charger 100 to sense a temperature of the output diode (the sensing voltage VT 2), and the NTC3 may be disposed on a main switch (not shown) of the charger 100 to sense a temperature of the main switch (the sensing voltage VT 3). Wherein VT1= (V0-V) GND1 )*NTC1/(R1+NTC1)，VT2＝(V0-V GND1 ) NTC 2/(R2 + NTC 2), and VT3= (V0-V) GND1 )*NTC3/(R3+NTC3)。
On the other hand, each group of diode circuits includes two unidirectional diodes (represented by A1 and B1, A2 and B2, \ 8230;, AN and BN, respectively), connected in series with each other in cathode interconnection between two adjacent voltage-dividing loops. The (N-1) group of diode circuits is used for avoiding the phenomenon that the resistance value error of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor of the adjacent voltage division loop is overlarge and loses the original stability due to the non-ideal characteristic or the relation of thermal resistance change in parts, so that a group of two one-way conduction diodes connected in series are added for isolation to avoid the occurrence of misoperation.
The microcontroller 40 includes N pins P1-PN respectively coupled to the sensing voltages VT 1-VTN provided by the N groups of voltage division loops, and then respectively coupled to the built-in reference voltage V of the microcontroller 40 REF1 ～V REFN Do a thanIt is determined whether to turn off the microcontroller 40 to stop the output of the charger 100 or to turn on the microcontroller 40. For example, for the embodiment with N =3, when the NTC1 senses the temperature of the main transformer (not shown) of the charger 100 increases, the resistance value decreases due to the characteristics of the negative temperature coefficient, and the sensing voltage VT1 divided by the auxiliary voltage V0 to the NTC1 also decreases. Once the sensing voltage VT1 is lower than the built-in reference voltage V of the microcontroller 40 REF1 The microcontroller 40 will shut down and stop the output of the charger 100. Similarly, when the NTC2 senses a temperature rise of an output diode (not shown) of the charger 100, the resistance value thereof is decreased due to the characteristic of the negative temperature coefficient, and the sensing voltage VT2 divided by the auxiliary voltage V0 to the NTC2 is also decreased accordingly. Once the sensing voltage VT2 is lower than the built-in reference voltage V of the microcontroller 40 REF2 The microcontroller 40 will shut down and stop the output of the charger 100. Similarly, when the NTC3 senses the temperature of the main switch (not shown) of the charger 100 increases, the resistance thereof decreases due to the characteristic of the negative temperature coefficient, and the sensing voltage VT3 divided by the auxiliary voltage V0 to the NTC3 also decreases accordingly. Once the sensing voltage VT3 is lower than the built-in reference voltage V of the microcontroller 40 REF3 The microcontroller 40 will shut down and stop the output of the charger 100. In other words, as soon as one of the NTC1 NTCN senses an over-temperature condition of a specific component in the charger 100, the microcontroller 40 will shut down to stop the output of the charger 100.
The restart module 50 includes N comparators CP1 to CPN, whose positive input terminals are coupled to pins P1 to PN of the microcontroller 40, negative input terminals are coupled to restart voltages V1 to VN, and output terminals are coupled to the output module 20. For example, for the embodiment with N =3, when the charger 100 is turned off due to overheating of the main transformer (not shown), the temperature of the overheated main transformer decreases, and the corresponding NTC1 also increases its resistance value due to the characteristics of the NTC, and thusThe sensing voltage VT1 divided by the auxiliary voltage V0 onto the corresponding NTC1 also rises. Once the sensing voltage VT1 is higher than the built-in reference voltage V of the microcontroller 40 REF1 Then the microcontroller 40 will turn on again; once the positive input terminal of the comparator CP1 coupled to the sensing voltage VT1 is higher than the built-in restart voltage V1, the comparator CP1 outputs an enable signal S1 to the transistor driver 22 of the output module 20, so that the output switch Qo is turned on to recover the output of the charger 100. Similarly, when the charger 100 is turned off due to the overheat of the output diode (not shown), the temperature of the overheat output diode decreases, the corresponding NTC2 increases its resistance value due to the characteristic of the negative temperature coefficient, and the sensing voltage VT2 divided by the auxiliary voltage V0 to the corresponding NTC2 also increases. Once the sensing voltage VT2 is higher than the built-in reference voltage V of the microcontroller 40 REF2 Then the microcontroller 40 will turn on again; once the positive input terminal of the comparator CP2 coupled to the sensing voltage VT2 is higher than the built-in restart voltage V2, the comparator CP2 outputs an enable signal S1 to the transistor driver 22 of the output module 20, so that the output switch Qo is turned on to recover the output of the charger 100. Similarly, when the charger 100 is turned off due to overheating of the main switch (not shown), the temperature of the overheated main switch decreases, the corresponding NTC3 increases its resistance value due to the characteristics of the negative temperature coefficient, and the sensing voltage VT3 divided by the auxiliary voltage V0 to the corresponding NTC3 also increases. Once the sensing voltage VT3 is higher than the built-in reference voltage V of the microcontroller 40 REF3 Then the microcontroller 40 will turn on again; once the positive input terminal of the comparator CP3 coupled to the sensing voltage VT3 is higher than the built-in restart voltage V3, the comparator CP3 outputs an enable signal S1 to the transistor driver 22 of the output module 20, so that the output switch Qo is turned on to recover the output of the charger 100.
On the other hand, the transformer 10 of the present invention can utilize the microcontroller 40 to record which part is in an overheat state, and record the temperature of the part when the over-temperature occurs, so as to facilitate the subsequent analysis or debugging to find the reason for the true over-temperature. Taking three main transformers, output diodes and main switches which are most prone to overheating in the charger as an example, the three parts are different in definition on over temperature, that is, the three parts are different in temperature when over temperature protection occurs, therefore, the invention utilizes three negative temperature coefficient thermistors NTC 1-NTC 3 with different resistance values to further detect, divides 3 groups of voltage division loops in the detection module 30 in a block manner, and cannot affect each other through each group of diode circuits, thereby achieving the effects of protecting recording and not interfering each other at the same time.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the charger 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention. For the above embodiment when N =3, assuming that the auxiliary voltage V0 provided by the power supply module 10 is 20V, and the values of the voltage dividing sets R1 to R3 in the detection module 30 are all 5K Ω, fig. 2 shows the temperature value of the main transformer, the output diode and the main switch at which the over-temperature of the component occurs, the NTC resistance value at which the over-temperature of the component occurs, the NTC divided voltage at which the over-temperature of the component occurs, and the restart voltage at which the component is set. Therefore, the microcontroller 40 can know which part has been overheated according to the divided voltage value of the NTC, and clearly know the actual temperature when the overheating occurs. In addition, the values of the NTC divided voltage when the restart voltage and the over-temperature of the part occur for a specific part can adopt a hysteresis (hystersis) design, i.e. V1> VT1, V2> VT2, \8230, VN > VN1 to make the microcontroller 40 have different opening and closing points to avoid too frequent opening/closing actions.
In summary, the present invention provides a charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording function, which uses ntc thermistors with different resistances to detect whether different components are overheated, so as to determine which component is overheated and record the actual temperature when the over-temperature occurs, thereby facilitating the subsequent analysis or debugging.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording, comprising:
a power supply module for providing an auxiliary voltage;
an output module for providing an output voltage;
a detection module, comprising:
a first voltage divider resistor, comprising:
a first terminal coupled to the auxiliary voltage; and
a second end; and
a first negative temperature coefficient thermistor, comprising:
a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first voltage-dividing resistor; and
a second terminal coupled to a first bias voltage;
a microcontroller, including a first pin coupled between the first voltage divider resistor and the first negative temperature coefficient thermistor, for turning off the microcontroller when a voltage level of the first pin is lower than a first reference voltage; and
a reboot module comprising:
a first comparator, comprising:
a first positive input terminal coupled to the first pin;
a first negative input terminal coupled to a first restart voltage; and
a first output terminal, configured to output an enable signal when the potential of the first positive input terminal is higher than the first restart voltage, so as to start the output module to provide the output voltage.
2. The charger of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is further configured to turn on the microcontroller when the potential of the first pin is higher than the first reference voltage.
3. The charger of claim 1, wherein the first ntc thermistor is disposed adjacent to a component inside the charger to sense an operating temperature of the component.
4. The charger according to claim 3, wherein the microcontroller is further configured to record an over-temperature of the component and record a temperature of the component at the over-temperature when the potential of the first pin is lower than the first reference voltage.
5. The charger according to claim 3, wherein said component is a main transformer, an output diode or a main switch inside said charger.
6. The charger of claim 1, wherein a value of the restart voltage is greater than a value of the first reference voltage.
7. The charger of claim 1, wherein:
the detection module further comprises:
a second voltage divider resistor, comprising:
a first terminal coupled to the auxiliary voltage; and
a second end; and
a second negative temperature coefficient thermistor, comprising:
a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second voltage-dividing resistor; and
a second terminal coupled to the first bias voltage;
the microcontroller further comprises a second pin coupled between the second voltage divider resistor and the second negative temperature coefficient thermistor for turning off the microcontroller when the potential of the second pin is lower than a second reference voltage; and is
The restart module further comprises:
a second comparator, comprising:
a second positive input terminal coupled to the second pin;
a second negative input terminal coupled to a second restart voltage; and
a second output end, configured to output the enable signal when the potential of the second positive input end is higher than the second restart voltage, so as to start the output module to provide the output voltage.
8. The charger of claim 7, wherein:
the first negative temperature coefficient thermistor is arranged beside a first part in the charger to sense the operating temperature of the first part; and
the second negative temperature coefficient thermistor is arranged beside a second part in the charger to sense the operating temperature of the second part.
9. The charger of claim 8, wherein said microcontroller is further configured to:
when the potential of the first pin is lower than the first reference voltage, recording a first over-temperature phenomenon of the first part and recording the temperature of the first part when the first over-temperature phenomenon occurs; or
When the potential of the second pin is lower than the second reference voltage, recording a second over-temperature phenomenon of the second part and recording the temperature of the second part when the second over-temperature phenomenon occurs.
10. The charger of claim 7, further comprising:
a first diode, comprising:
an anode coupled between the first voltage divider resistor and the first NTC thermistor; and
a cathode; and
a second diode, comprising:
an anode coupled between the second voltage divider resistor and the second NTC thermistor; and
a cathode coupled to the cathode of the first diode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810265509.7A CN110336363B (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-03-28 | Charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording functions |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810265509.7A CN110336363B (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-03-28 | Charger with over-temperature protection and over-temperature information recording functions |
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| CN110336363A CN110336363A (en) | 2019-10-15 |
| CN110336363B true CN110336363B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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| WO1992015142A1 (en) * | 1991-02-14 | 1992-09-03 | Chartec Laboratories A/S | A method and an apparatus for charging a rechargeable battery |
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| CN102355022A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-02-15 | 北京国电通网络技术有限公司 | Lithium-ion battery pack managing system and method |
| CN103326407A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-25 | 宏碁股份有限公司 | Battery charging source detection shifting device and method |
| KR20150054164A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 이재진 | Direct current uninterruptible power supply system |
| KR20160063758A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-07 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery pack |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107431351B (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2020-01-21 | 戴洛格半导体公司 | Soft short circuit overvoltage protection for data line in fast charging USB charger |
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2018
- 2018-03-28 CN CN201810265509.7A patent/CN110336363B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992015142A1 (en) * | 1991-02-14 | 1992-09-03 | Chartec Laboratories A/S | A method and an apparatus for charging a rechargeable battery |
| US5767661A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-06-16 | Williams; Carlos | Battery charger |
| CN201854072U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-06-01 | 河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | Storage battery charging controller with temperature protection function |
| CN102355022A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-02-15 | 北京国电通网络技术有限公司 | Lithium-ion battery pack managing system and method |
| CN103326407A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-25 | 宏碁股份有限公司 | Battery charging source detection shifting device and method |
| KR20150054164A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 이재진 | Direct current uninterruptible power supply system |
| KR20160063758A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-07 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery pack |
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| CN110336363A (en) | 2019-10-15 |
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