CN109709550B - InSAR image data-based bank slope deformation monitoring processing method - Google Patents
InSAR image data-based bank slope deformation monitoring processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bank slope deformation monitoring processing method based on InSAR image data, which is characterized in that on the basis of acquiring InSAR data of a basin bank slope, firstly, deformation information of a monitoring area is extracted by means of a SqueeSAR technology, differential interference processing and the like, and abnormal value identification is carried out on an acquired deformation time sequence to define an unstable area appearing in the monitoring range; secondly, considering two factors of reservoir water level and rainfall, and judging and explaining the reason of the abnormal deformation of the slope by combining related geological conditions and a correlation analysis method; finally, the monitoring data and the related analysis are embodied in the monitoring report in the form of graphs, tables and the like. Compared with the prior art, the method can realize continuous and semi-automatic monitoring of the side slope of the reservoir bank in the drainage basin in a large range and with high precision, and can more reasonably perform early warning and forecast of side slope deformation abnormity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of slope stability monitoring and early warning, and particularly relates to a reservoir bank slope deformation monitoring processing method based on InSAR image data.
Background
Along with the establishment of water storage and operation of a plurality of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the river basin reservoir bank slope monitoring is concerned more and more widely. Among the various monitoring quantities, the deformation quantity is the most direct physical quantity reflecting the stability and the motion state of the slope body of the current bank. Deformation monitoring is carried out on the bank slope body, the development and evolution process of bank slope body deformation can be objectively and truly recorded, and the method has important significance for understanding and mastering the current situation of the bank slope body and predicting the deformation development trend.
The traditional method for monitoring the deformation of the bank side slope mainly comprises the steps of monitoring the deformation of the earth surface through precision leveling measurement and monitoring the internal deformation through installing a drilling inclinometer, wherein the precision leveling measurement consumes large manpower and material resources, the data acquisition is greatly influenced by environmental climate and terrain conditions, and the inclinometer has the defects of high cost, difficult maintenance and the like. Meanwhile, considering the situations of inconvenient traffic, difficult climbing and the like of the bank slope, the development direction of slope deformation monitoring is being formed by applying a novel measurement means to carry out data acquisition.
In recent years, the development of synthetic aperture radar technology (SAR technology) provides new technical support for monitoring water conservancy and hydropower reservoir bank slope deformation, wherein the InSAR technology has good application prospect due to the advantages of high monitoring precision, high time-space resolution and the like. At present, some projects apply the InSAR technology to the acquisition of slope deformation information and mainly transmit monitoring information in the form of static pictures such as an average deformation rate graph, and the methods make great progress in the aspect of detecting slope instability, but have many defects in the aspects of slope early warning and risk management. Therefore, the method for continuously monitoring the large-range slope deformation and automatically early warning is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provides a continuous and semi-automatic reservoir bank slope deformation monitoring processing method based on InSAR data.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a bank slope deformation monitoring processing method based on InSAR image data is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
step 1, obtaining and updating bank slope deformation data based on InSAR image
Firstly, selecting a plurality of SAR complex image interference data sequences covering a monitoring area, and identifying PS (permanent scatterer) points and DS (distributed scatterer) points from an image as monitoring points of slope deformation by using an SqueeSAR (sequence SAR) technology; then, by jointly utilizing the phase signals on the monitoring points, deformation data are sequentially separated from the phase signals; finally, deformation data of all monitoring points are obtained, and deformation time sequence process lines of all the monitoring points are drawn according to the SAR image acquisition time sequence;
step 2, monitoring point deformation pattern analysis and automatic abnormal value identification
Taking the deformation time series of all monitoring points obtained in the step 1 as input, and taking the monitoring period (T) of the whole time series as input0-Tn) Divided into two sub-intervals, i.e. historical time series periods (T)0-Tn-k) And monitoring the time series period (T)n-k-Tn) K represents a time window, n represents a time sequence number, i.e., a satellite image sequence number, wherein the abnormal value to be detected is included in the monitoring time sequenceIn the column period; comparison (T)0-Tn-k) The deformation pattern in the interval is analyzed point by point at (T)n-k-Tn) Monitoring whether the deformation time sequence deviates in a period, namely whether the displacement time sequence shows nonlinearity; when the displacement time sequence shows nonlinearity, calculating the deformation rates before and after the breakpoint, comparing the absolute value of the difference between the two rates with a set threshold, and if the absolute value of the difference between the deformation rates before and after the breakpoint is greater than the set threshold, marking the breakpoint as an abnormal value;
step 3, analyzing abnormal deformation driving factors of bank slopes
Considering two important factors of space consistency and time duration, defining a group of monitoring points which show similar nonlinear displacement time series and are marked as abnormal in at least two continuous updating as a slope unstable area according to the nonlinear displacement time series identified in the step 2; considering the influence of reservoir water level and rainfall factors on the abnormal deformation of the reservoir bank side slope, and judging and explaining the driving factors of the abnormal deformation of the side slope by combining with local geological conditions;
step 4, management and transmission of monitoring data and slope early warning
Drawing a monitoring report, respectively representing the absence, new abnormality, persistent abnormality and dangerous range of the slope in the monitoring area by different colors in consideration of accumulated deformation, deformation rate and the like, and representing the related analysis of the slope deformation, reservoir water level and rainfall factors in a form of a chart; the unknown regions that require further analysis, as well as the preliminary analysis of the presence of deformation anomalies in terms of spatial consistency and temporal persistence, are embodied in the monitoring report.
Preferably, in step 1, identifying a PS point from the time series SAR image by using a SqueeSAR technology, and specifically selecting the PS point by using an amplitude dispersion index as an evaluation index; and identifying DS points from the time sequence SAR image, specifically selecting KS test as a statistical test method to perform space adaptive filtering to identify key element points as DS candidate points.
Preferably, in step 1, once a new SAR image in the monitored area is acquired, the same method immediately acquires new deformation data of all the monitored points, and updates the time sequence database in time.
Preferably, in step 1, the method for drawing the process line on the deformation monitoring data of the monitoring point includes: the relationship between the integrated deformation amount and the measurement time is plotted using a linear symbol and a dot symbol with the measurement time as the horizontal axis and the integrated deformation amount as the vertical axis.
Preferably, in step 2, the specific method for judging whether the deformation time series shows nonlinearity is as follows: and performing linear fitting on the deformation time sequence, wherein if the slope of the straight line changes after the linear fitting of the time sequences of the front and rear sections of a certain monitoring point, the deformation time sequence of the monitoring point shows nonlinearity.
Preferably, in step 2, the specific value-taking method of the time window and the deformation setting threshold is as follows: according to different projects and different monitoring requirements, after different time windows and speed thresholds are tested, based on different project and monitoring requirements (such as 1 month accumulated deformation exceeding 5 cm, namely 5 cm/month), the optimal time and speed threshold combination is selected.
Preferably, in step 3, the method for analyzing the influence of the reservoir water level and the rainfall factor on the abnormal deformation of the reservoir bank side slope comprises the following steps: and calculating the association between the deformation value and the reservoir level and the rainfall factor by using a grey association analysis method, wherein the value range of the association is-1, and judging the influence of the reservoir level and the rainfall factor on the abnormal deformation of the reservoir bank side slope according to the association.
Preferably, the deformation data of the monitoring points comprise orbit errors, DEM errors and atmospheric disturbances.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the InSAR technology adopted by the invention has very high spatial resolution and measurement precision, the monitoring precision can reach millimeter level, and high-resolution imaging of a monitoring area can be realized. In addition, due to the fact that a non-contact measurement mode is adopted and the radar image coverage range is large, the defects that sensors are difficult to arrange and monitoring information is little in traditional river basin reservoir bank slope deformation monitoring are effectively overcome.
2. At present, the satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar has short data acquisition time for one time, so that the river basin bank slope monitoring period based on InSAR data is shorter than that of other monitoring means, and the continuous monitoring of the region can be realized. Meanwhile, the regularity of data acquisition ensures that the displacement time sequence which can be used for the system to input the landslide failure prediction model can be updated immediately after each new SAR image is acquired, so that the gradual acceleration of the movement before the landslide is identified, and the prediction of the failure time is gradually refined.
3. SAR image data can be obtained free of charge, which greatly reduces the expense of data acquisition in the early stage and the cost of monitoring and maintenance in the later stage, thereby having great economic and social benefits.
4. The time series analysis method employed by the present invention has the significant advantage of conventional analysis based solely on deformation rate, and it can be performed in seconds over millions of time series due to the increased computing power now available.
5. The method and the system can enable a manager to quickly and accurately master the deformation information of the side slope of the whole reservoir area, and realize quick decision, thereby achieving the purposes of restraining disasters, reducing disaster loss and stabilizing social order.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of the bank slope deformation monitoring processing method of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the morphed data acquisition and update function of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the function of automatic identification of abnormal values of deformation of monitoring points according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of deformation anomaly analysis of bank slopes according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for monitoring and processing bank slope deformation based on InSAR image data mainly includes the following steps:
step one, acquiring and updating bank slope deformation data based on InSAR image
Firstly, selecting a plurality of SAR complex image interference data sequences covering a monitoring area, and identifying a permanent scatterer (PS point) and a distributed scatterer (DS point) from an image as monitoring points of slope deformation by using a SqueeSAR technology; then, phase signals on the PS point and the DS point are jointly utilized, and orbit errors, DEM errors, atmospheric disturbances and the like are sequentially separated from the phase signals; finally, deformation data of all the monitoring points are obtained, and deformation time sequence process lines of all the monitoring points are drawn according to the SAR image acquisition time sequence.
In order to realize continuous monitoring of the side slope, once a new SAR image in a monitoring area is acquired, new deformation data of all monitoring points are immediately acquired by the same method, and a time sequence database is updated in time.
Step two, monitoring point deformation pattern analysis and automatic abnormal value identification
Taking the deformation time sequence of all monitoring points obtained in the step one as input, and taking the monitoring period (T) of the whole time sequence as input0-Tn) Divided into two subintervals: historical time series period (T)0-Tn-k) And monitoring the time series period (T)n-k-Tn) (k represents a time window n representing a time sequence number, namely a satellite image sequence number), wherein the abnormal value to be detected is contained in the monitoring time sequence period; comparison (T)0-Tn-k) The deformation pattern in the interval is analyzed point by point at (T)n-k-Tn) Monitoring whether the deformation time sequence deviates in a period, namely whether the displacement time sequence shows nonlinearity; and when the displacement time sequence shows nonlinearity, calculating the deformation rates before and after the breakpoint, comparing the absolute value of the difference between the two rates with a set threshold, and marking the breakpoint as an abnormal value if the absolute value of the difference between the deformation rates before and after the breakpoint is greater than the set threshold.
Step three, analyzing abnormal deformation driving factors of bank side slope
Considering two important factors of space consistency and time duration, defining a slope unstable area according to a group of monitoring points which are identified in the step two, show similar nonlinear displacement time sequence and are marked as abnormal in at least two continuous updates; the influence of the reservoir water level and rainfall factors on the abnormal deformation of the reservoir bank side slope is considered, and the driving factors of the abnormal deformation of the side slope are judged and explained by combining with local geological conditions.
Step four, management and transmission of monitoring data and slope early warning
Drawing a monitoring report, respectively representing the absence, new abnormality, persistent abnormality and dangerous range of the slope in the monitoring area by taking the accumulated deformation, deformation rate and the like into consideration in green, yellow, orange and red, and representing the correlation analysis of the slope deformation, reservoir water level, rainfall and other factors in a form of a chart; the unknown regions that require further analysis, as well as the preliminary analysis of the presence of deformation anomalies in terms of spatial consistency and temporal persistence, are embodied in the monitoring report.
Preferably, in the first step, a PS point is identified from the time series SAR image by using a squeeSAR technology, and the PS point is selected by specifically using an amplitude dispersion index as an evaluation index; and identifying DS points from the time sequence SAR image, specifically selecting KS test as a statistical test method to perform space adaptive filtering to identify key element points as DS candidate points.
Preferably, the method for drawing the process line on the deformation monitoring data of the monitoring point in the first step is as follows: the relationship between the integrated deformation amount and the measurement time is plotted using a linear symbol and a dot symbol with the measurement time as the horizontal axis and the integrated deformation amount as the vertical axis.
Preferably, the specific method for judging whether the deformation time sequence shows nonlinearity in the step two is as follows: and performing linear fitting on the deformation time sequence, wherein if the slope of the straight line changes after the linear fitting of the time sequences of the front and rear sections of a certain monitoring point, the deformation time sequence of the monitoring point shows nonlinearity.
Preferably, the specific value method of the time window and the deformation setting threshold in the second step is as follows: according to different projects and different monitoring requirements, after different time windows and speed thresholds are tested, based on different project and monitoring requirements (such as 1 month accumulated deformation exceeding 5 cm, namely 5 cm/month), the optimal time and speed threshold combination is selected.
Preferably, the method for analyzing the influence of the reservoir water level and the rainfall factor on the abnormal deformation of the bank slope in the third step comprises the following steps: and calculating the association between the deformation value and the reservoir level and the rainfall factor by using a grey association analysis method, wherein the value range of the association is-1, and judging the influence of the reservoir level and the rainfall factor on the abnormal deformation of the reservoir bank side slope according to the association.
Claims (8)
1. A bank slope deformation monitoring processing method based on InSAR image data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, obtaining and updating bank slope deformation data based on InSAR image
Firstly, selecting a plurality of SAR complex image interference data sequences covering a monitoring area, and identifying PS (permanent scatterer) points and DS (distributed scatterer) points from an image as monitoring points of slope deformation by using an SqueeSAR (sequence SAR) technology; then, by jointly utilizing the phase signals on the monitoring points, deformation data are sequentially separated from the phase signals; finally, deformation data of all monitoring points are obtained, and deformation time sequence process lines of all the monitoring points are drawn according to the SAR image acquisition time sequence;
step 2, monitoring point deformation pattern analysis and automatic abnormal value identification
Taking the deformation time series of all monitoring points obtained in the step 1 as input, and taking the monitoring period (T) of the whole time series as input0-Tn) Divided into two sub-intervals, i.e. historical time series periods (T)0-Tn-k) And monitoring the time series period (T)n-k-Tn) K represents a time window, n represents a time sequence number, namely a satellite image sequence number, wherein the abnormal value to be detected is contained in the monitoring time sequence period; comparison (T)0-Tn-k) The deformation pattern in the interval is analyzed point by point at (T)n-k-Tn) Monitoring whether the deformation time sequence deviates in a period, namely whether the displacement time sequence shows nonlinearity; when the displacement time sequence shows nonlinearity, calculating the deformation rate before and after the breakpoint, comparing the absolute value of the difference between the two rates with a set threshold, and if the absolute value of the difference between the deformation rate before and after the breakpoint is greater than the set thresholdMarking the breakpoint as an abnormal value;
step 3, analyzing abnormal deformation driving factors of bank slopes
Considering two important factors of space consistency and time duration, defining a group of monitoring points which are marked as abnormal in at least two continuous updating according to the displacement time sequence which is identified in the step 2 and shows nonlinearity as a slope unstable area; considering the influence of reservoir water level and rainfall factors on the abnormal deformation of the reservoir bank side slope, and judging and explaining the driving factors of the abnormal deformation of the side slope by combining with local geological conditions;
step 4, management and transmission of monitoring data and slope early warning
Drawing a monitoring report, respectively representing the slope absence abnormality, the new abnormality, the persistence abnormality and the dangerous range in the monitoring area by different colors in consideration of the accumulated deformation and the deformation rate, and representing the slope deformation, the reservoir water level and the rainfall factor correlation analysis in a form of a chart; the unknown regions that require further analysis, as well as the preliminary analysis of the presence of deformation anomalies in terms of spatial consistency and temporal persistence, are embodied in the monitoring report.
2. The method for monitoring and processing the deformation of the bank slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, a PS point is identified from a time series SAR image by using a squeeSAR technology, and the PS point is selected by taking an amplitude dispersion index as an evaluation index; and identifying DS points from the time sequence SAR image, specifically selecting KS test as a statistical test method to perform space adaptive filtering to identify key element points as DS candidate points.
3. The method for monitoring and processing the deformation of the bank slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 1, once a new SAR image in the monitored area is acquired, the same method immediately acquires new deformation data of all the monitored points and updates the time sequence database in time.
4. The method for monitoring and processing the deformation of the bank slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 1, the method for drawing the process line of the deformation monitoring data of the monitoring point comprises the following steps: the relationship between the integrated deformation amount and the measurement time is plotted using a linear symbol and a dot symbol with the measurement time as the horizontal axis and the integrated deformation amount as the vertical axis.
5. The method for monitoring and processing the deformation of the bank slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 2, a specific method for judging whether the deformation time sequence shows nonlinearity is as follows: and performing linear fitting on the deformation time sequence, wherein if the slope of the straight line changes after the linear fitting of the time sequences of the front and rear sections of a certain monitoring point, the deformation time sequence of the monitoring point shows nonlinearity.
6. The method for monitoring and processing the deformation of the bank slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 2, the specific value taking method of the time window and the deformation setting threshold is as follows: according to different projects and different monitoring requirements, after different time windows and speed thresholds are tested, based on different projects and monitoring requirements, the optimal time and speed threshold combination is selected.
7. The method for monitoring and processing the deformation of the bank slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 3, the method for analyzing the influence of the reservoir water level and the rainfall factor on the abnormal deformation of the bank slope comprises the following steps: and calculating the association between the deformation value and the reservoir level and the rainfall factor by using a grey association analysis method, wherein the value range of the association is-1, and judging the influence of the reservoir level and the rainfall factor on the abnormal deformation of the reservoir bank side slope according to the association.
8. The method for monitoring and processing the deformation of the bank slope according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the deformation data of the monitoring points comprise orbit errors, DEM errors and atmospheric disturbances.
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