CN108913859B - DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace and application of high isothermal alloy steel and high carbon steel heat treatment - Google Patents
DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace and application of high isothermal alloy steel and high carbon steel heat treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108913859B CN108913859B CN201810716821.3A CN201810716821A CN108913859B CN 108913859 B CN108913859 B CN 108913859B CN 201810716821 A CN201810716821 A CN 201810716821A CN 108913859 B CN108913859 B CN 108913859B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace and application of high isothermal alloy steel and high carbon steel heat treatment, the treatment furnace comprises a furnace body and a DX atmosphere generating device, the DX atmosphere generating device comprises a combustion unit, a nitrogen purging unit, a natural gas and air premixing unit and an explosion-proof unit, the combustion unit comprises a radiant tube, an ignition burner assembly and a cooling device for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on DX gas in the radiant tube, the ignition burner assembly comprises a burner and a gas pipeline, the radiant tube is positioned in a preheating zone or a heating zone of the furnace body and is divided into a combustion section, a rectifying section and a steady flow output section along the flow direction of the generated DX gas, and the inner diameter of the rectifying section gradually becomes smaller from the combustion section to the steady flow output section. The application not only ensures that the temperature of DX gas output is relatively stable, but also the gas and the reaction heat after heat exchange heat the furnace to realize heat energy recovery; and the flow of DX gas output is relatively stable, and the safety of DX gas generation is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to a DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace, and an application of the DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace in heat treatment of high-isothermal alloy steel and high-carbon steel.
Background
The DX gas is a mixed gas obtained by mixing natural gas such as methane or propane with air at normal temperature and performing insufficient combustion to decompose the mixed gas into nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Therefore, the gas can be widely used for related treatment processes such as non-oxidation annealing, anti-oxidation protection and the like of metal materials.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN204097527U discloses a DX gas generating apparatus comprising: the device comprises a combustion device, a cooling device, a condensing filter, an exhaust chimney and a cold dryer, wherein the combustion device comprises a combustion chamber, an ignition port, an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the combustion chamber, the air outlet is connected with the cooling device through a connecting pipeline, the cooling device is communicated with the condensing filter, the condensing filter is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is respectively connected with the exhaust chimney and the cold dryer through a valve.
When the DX gas generating device works, mixed gas of natural gas and air enters a combustion chamber of the combustion device from the gas inlet, the mixed gas is ignited through the ignition port, and the natural gas and the air are subjected to incomplete reaction in the combustion chamber to generate high-temperature DX gas; then, the high-temperature DX gas enters a cooling device through a connecting pipeline, and the cooling device cools the high-temperature DX gas; the cooled DX gas enters a condensing filter to filter out moisture and impurities in the DX gas; then, clean DX gas enters a cold dryer through an exhaust port on the condensing filter, and the exhaust gas is discharged through a chimney; the cold dryer further cools and dries the DX gas, and then the DX gas can be introduced into metal treatment equipment for use or storage for standby.
However, the DX gas generator described above has the following technical drawbacks:
1) Before ignition, oxygen is not removed from the burner pipeline, so that the safe operation of the gas generating device cannot be ensured, and incomplete reaction of natural gas and air in a combustion chamber can be influenced, so that the energy consumption is high;
2) The gas generating device does not comprise a premixing unit for premixing natural gas and air in proportion, and the premixing effect is directly related to mixed gas combustion and also affects the subsequent high-temperature DX gas generation;
3) The flow rate and the temperature of the post-gas generated by the apparatus are very unstable, and the stable supply of the gas into the heat treatment furnace is not caused, so that the quality of the heat treatment is affected to some extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing an improved DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace.
Meanwhile, the application also provides application of the DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace in heat treatment processes of high alloy steel, high carbon steel, bearing steel and copper alloy, wherein the heat treatment processes comprise spheroidizing annealing, recrystallization annealing, bright solid solution, brazing and sintering.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace comprises a furnace body and a DX atmosphere generating device positioned in the furnace body, wherein the DX atmosphere generating device comprises a combustion unit, a condensing unit and a cooling dryer, the combustion unit comprises a radiant tube and an ignition burner assembly arranged at the air inlet end part of the radiant tube, the ignition burner assembly comprises a burner extending from the air inlet end part of the radiant tube and a gas pipeline communicated with the burner, the radiant tube is positioned in a preheating zone or a heating zone of the furnace body and is divided into a combustion section, a rectifying section and a steady flow output section along the flowing direction of generating DX gas, and the inner diameter of the rectifying section gradually decreases from the combustion section to the steady flow output section; the combustion unit also comprises a cooling device which is arranged outside or inside the radiant tube and used for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on DX gas in the radiant tube, wherein the cooling device is used for discharging the heat exchanged gas into the furnace body;
the DX atmosphere generating device also comprises a nitrogen purging unit arranged on one branch of the gas pipeline, a natural gas and air premixing unit in butt joint with the gas inlet of the gas pipeline, and an explosion-proof unit which is communicated with the gas pipeline and can quickly release the pressure of the pipe.
According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the application, the cooling device is externally cooled and comprises a cooling pipe sleeved on the periphery of the radiant tube and provided with a gas circulation cavity, and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe which are communicated with the cavity, wherein the gas entering the cavity from outside the furnace exchanges heat with the radiant tube and is discharged into the furnace from the air outlet pipe.
Preferably, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively positioned at two end parts of the cooling pipe, and the flow direction of the heat exchange air flow positioned in the cavity is consistent with the flow direction of the air positioned in the radiation pipe.
Preferably, a flow guiding component which is convenient for the flow of the heat exchange gas is further arranged in the cavity, and comprises a flow guiding sheet which is spirally wound on the periphery of the radiant tube and positioned on the inner wall of the cooling tube, wherein a spiral flow guiding cavity is formed between the flow guiding sheet and the inner wall and the outer wall of the cooling tube.
Alternatively, the cooling device is of an internal cooling type and includes a cooling tube inside the radiant tube, a positioning member for positioning the cooling tube inside the radiant tube, and a supply mechanism for supplying cooling gas to the cooling tube.
Preferably, the cooling tube includes a first tube body extending along a length direction of the radiant tube; the second pipe body is partially arranged in the first pipe body, the rest part of the second pipe body is exposed out of the first pipe body, the second pipe body is communicated with the inner cavity of the first pipe body from the inner end part, and the supply mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe communicated with the exposed part of the second pipe body, an air outlet pipe communicated with the first pipe body and an air supply assembly communicated with the air inlet pipe.
Specifically, the first pipe body and the second pipe body are arranged in parallel, the second pipe body is positioned in the middle of the first pipe body, and the central lines of the first pipe body and the second pipe body in the length direction are collinear.
Preferably, the cooling pipe is located in the combustion section, the end portion of the second pipe body, which is leaked out, is located near the rectifying section, and the air outlet pipe is located at the end portion of the first pipe body, which is located near the air inlet pipe.
Further, a flow guide pipe is arranged at the end part of the first pipe body far away from the air inlet pipe, and the flow guide pipe is a frustum or cone with gradually smaller outer diameter from the air outlet end part to the air inlet end part of the combustion section.
Preferably, the positioning piece is a guide vane spirally wound on the periphery of the first pipe body, wherein the guide vane forms a spiral guide cavity in the combustion section.
In addition, the condensing unit comprises a tubular heat exchanger and an overflow tank communicated with the tubular heat exchanger, wherein the tubular heat exchanger is used for communicating the combustion unit with the cold dryer, and a converging unit for DX gas is further arranged between a DX gas inlet of the tubular heat exchanger and a DX gas outlet of the combustion unit, and comprises a converging cavity with the height of an inner space gradually decreasing from one end part to the other end part, a joint connected to one end part with the high inner space of the converging cavity, a communicating pipe communicated with the end part of the DX gas output section of the steady flow output section, and a corrugated pipe used for communicating the joint with the communicating pipe.
In this example, there are a plurality of ignition nozzles, therefore, the high one end portion of chamber inner space gathers is equipped with a plurality of corresponding joints, then, and every nozzle burning exhaust gas is linked together with the joint through bellows respectively, and wherein the bellows can be along self length direction expansion and draw in the setting.
In addition, an air duct for guiding DX gas into the heat treatment furnace is communicated with the air outlet of the cold dryer.
The other technical scheme of the application is as follows: the application of the DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace in the heat treatment process of high alloy steel, high carbon steel, bearing steel and copper alloy, wherein the heat treatment process comprises spheroidizing annealing, recrystallization annealing, bright solid solution, brazing and sintering.
Due to the implementation of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
on the one hand, the application ensures that the temperature of DX gas output is relatively stable, and meanwhile, the gas after heat exchange and a large amount of chemical reaction heat generated by DX gas generation can also heat and raise the temperature in the furnace so as to realize heat energy recovery; on the other hand, the flow of DX gas output is relatively stable, and meanwhile, before ignition, no oxygen residue is ensured in a combustion gas pipeline, and under the pressure monitoring of the explosion-proof unit, the safety of DX gas generation is improved.
Drawings
The application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a heat treatment furnace in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the DX atmosphere generator (external cooling type) in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the combustion unit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a heat treatment furnace in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a DX atmosphere generator (internal cooling type) in example 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the combustion unit of FIG. 5;
wherein: 1. a furnace body; 2. DX atmosphere generating means; 20. a combustion unit; 200. a radiant tube; a. a combustion section; b. a rectifying section; c. a steady flow output section; 201. an ignition burner assembly; e. a burner; f. a gas line; g. a combustion-supporting gas line; g1, an air pipeline; g3, a natural gas pipeline; 202. a cooling tube; 203. an air inlet pipe; 204. an air outlet pipe; 205. a flow guiding assembly; d. a deflector; 21. a condensing unit; 210. a tube type heat exchanger; 211. an overflow tank; 22. a cold dryer; 24. a nitrogen purge unit; 240. a gas conduit; 241. a flow valve; 25. a premix unit; 250. a premix chamber; 251. a natural gas pipeline; 26. a converging unit; 260. a converging cavity; 261. a bellows; 262. a joint; 263. a communicating pipe; 27. an explosion-proof unit; 270. explosion-proof pipe; 271. an explosion-proof valve; 28. an air duct; 202', a cooling device; d', cooling pipes; d1, a first pipe body; d2, a second pipe body; d3, a honeycomb duct; e', a positioning piece; f', a supply mechanism; f1, an air inlet pipe; f2, an air outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, so that the above objects, features and advantages of the present application can be more clearly understood. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace according to the present embodiment is mainly used for applications in heat treatment of high isothermal alloy steel and high carbon steel, such as bearing steel annealing, spheroidizing annealing, and recrystallization annealing.
Specifically, the heat treatment furnace comprises a furnace body 1 and a DX atmosphere generating device 2 which is arranged in the furnace body 1 and can form DX protective atmosphere, wherein the DX atmosphere generating device 2 comprises a combustion unit 20, a condensing unit 21 and a cold dryer 22.
In this example, the combustion unit 20 includes a radiant tube 200 located in the furnace body 1, an ignition burner assembly 201 disposed at an air inlet end of the radiant tube 200, and a cooling device (i.e. external cooling type) disposed outside the radiant tube 200 for performing heat exchange and cooling on DX gas in the radiant tube, wherein the cooling device is used for discharging the heat exchanged gas into the furnace body 1.
Specifically, the cooling device comprises a cooling pipe 202 sleeved on the periphery of the radiant tube 200 and provided with a gas circulation cavity, an air inlet pipe 203 and an air outlet pipe 204 communicated with the cavity, wherein the radiant tube 200 is positioned in a preheating zone of the furnace body 1, and the gas entering the cavity from outside the furnace exchanges heat with the radiant tube 200 and is discharged into the furnace from the air outlet pipe 204.
In order to realize stable flow of DX gas after production, in this example, the radiant tube 200 is divided into a combustion section a, a rectifying section b, and a steady flow output section c along the flow direction of DX gas production, wherein the inner diameter of the rectifying section b gradually becomes smaller from the combustion section a to the steady flow output section c.
Specifically, the inner diameter of the combustion section a is 1.5-2 times of the inner diameter of the steady flow output section c. Too large or too small is detrimental to the flow of DX gas (in this case, the internal diameter of combustion section a is 1.77 times the internal diameter of steady flow output section c).
The air inlet pipe 203 and the air outlet pipe 204 are respectively positioned at two end parts of the cooling pipe 202, and the flow direction of the heat exchange air flow positioned in the cavity is opposite to the flow direction of the air positioned in the radiation pipe. Therefore, the DX gas produced by combustion can be well cooled and controlled, the output temperature of the DX gas is relatively stable, and the gas can be heated and warmed in the furnace after heat exchange, so that heat energy recovery is realized.
Meanwhile, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency and effect, a flow guiding component 205 which is convenient for the flow of the heat exchange gas is also arranged in the cavity.
The flow guide assembly 205 comprises a flow guide plate d spirally wound on the periphery of the radiant tube 200 and positioned on the inner wall of the cooling tube 202, wherein a spiral flow guide cavity is formed between the flow guide plate d and the inner wall of the cooling tube 202 and the outer wall of the radiant tube 200. Therefore, the flow of the heat exchange gas is more stable, and the contact between the air flow and the guide vane d and the outer circumference of the radiant tube 200 is more effectively made, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.
The ignition burner assembly 201 includes a burner e extending into the combustion section a from the end of the combustion section a remote from the rectifying section b, a gas line f communicating with the burner e, and a combustion gas line g.
The combustion gas line g includes an air line g1 and a natural gas line g3, which are also structural features of a conventional ignition burner, and are not described in detail herein.
In this example, DX atmosphere generating device 2 further comprises a gas purge unit 24 communicating with gas line f and capable of oxygen scavenging gas line f, and a premix unit 25 communicating with gas line f and capable of mixing natural gas and air in proportion.
The nitrogen purge unit 24 includes a gas pipe 240 extending into the furnace body 1 in communication with the gas line f, a flow valve 241 provided on the gas pipe 240, and a gas supply assembly, wherein the gas supplied from the gas supply assembly is nitrogen.
The premixing unit 25 is located at the outside of the furnace body 1 and includes a premixing chamber 250, a natural gas pipe 251 and an air pipe which are respectively communicated with the premixing chamber 250, and flow control valves respectively provided on the natural gas pipe 251 and the air pipe, wherein the ratio of natural gas and air entering the premixing chamber 250 is controlled by the flow control valves, and mixed gas fuel is formed in the premixing chamber 250. While the mixed gaseous fuel is directed to the ignition burner assembly 201 through the gas line f.
The condensing unit 21 includes a tube heat exchanger 210, an overflow tank 211 communicating with the tube heat exchanger 210, an air inlet (DX gas) of the tube heat exchanger 210 interfacing with an air outlet (DX gas) of the combustion unit 20, and an air outlet (DX gas) of the tube heat exchanger 210 interfacing with an air inlet (DX gas) of the chiller dryer 22. As regards the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, it is a product which is conventional in the art and is not described in detail here.
Meanwhile, a converging unit 26 of DX gas is further provided between the gas inlet (DX gas) of the tube array heat exchanger 210 and the gas outlet (DX gas) of the combustion unit 20.
Specifically, the converging unit 26 includes a converging chamber 260 having an inner space with a height gradually decreasing from one end to the other end, wherein the converging chamber 260 communicates with the combustion unit 20 through a bellows 261 from the high end of the inner space, and the converging chamber 260 communicates with an air inlet of the tube heat exchanger from the other end.
In this example, a plurality of corresponding joints 262 are provided at one end of the converging chamber 260 where the inner space is high, and then the gas discharged from each burner is communicated with the corresponding joints 262 through a communicating pipe 263 and a bellows 261, wherein the bellows 261 can be unfolded and folded along the length direction thereof.
Meanwhile, an explosion-proof unit 27 is further arranged on the gas pipeline f, the explosion-proof unit 27 comprises an explosion-proof pipe 270 communicated with the gas pipeline f and an explosion-proof valve 271 arranged on the explosion-proof pipe 270, and the safety of the mixed gas fuel during combustion is ensured by intelligent control of the explosion-proof valve 271.
Then, as shown in fig. 1, the combustion units 20 have four groups, and thus, four connection pipes 262 are provided, and the communicating pipe 263 and the bellows 261 correspond to each group of the combustion units 20 to communicate DX gas outlets with the condensing unit 26, and then, enter the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 210 to perform condensation treatment.
The gas outlet of the cooling dryer 22 is connected to a gas duct 28 for introducing DX gas into the furnace body 1.
Finally, in the application, in the mixing process of the natural gas and the air, the volume ratio of the natural gas to the air is 1:6 to 8.
In summary, the following advantages are specific to this embodiment:
1. the temperature of the generated DX gas is controlled by the heat exchange gas, so that the temperature of the output DX gas is relatively stable, and the gas after heat exchange can heat and raise the temperature in the furnace to realize heat energy recovery;
2. through the sectional design of the radiant tube, the flow of DX gas output is relatively stable, so that the distribution of carbon monoxide in DX atmosphere is relatively uniform, and the heat treatment quality is ensured;
3. the radiation tube is arranged in position, so that DX protective gas can be generated, and a large amount of generated chemical reaction heat can be used for heating a workpiece, so that energy is fully utilized, and energy consumption is saved;
4. the oxygen possibly remained in the gas pipeline is thoroughly removed by nitrogen purging, so that the safety of DX gas generation is improved;
5. the volume ratio of natural gas to air is 1:7, mixing to form gas fuel, so that the incomplete reaction effect of natural gas in the combustion chamber is good, and DX gas is more favorably generated;
6. the DX protective atmosphere can be widely applied to heat treatment processes of high alloy steel, high carbon steel, bearing steel and copper alloy, and can save energy by more than 30%, wherein the heat treatment processes comprise spheroidizing annealing, recrystallization annealing, bright solid solution, brazing, sintering and the like.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the heat treatment furnace of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except for the cooling device 202' (internal cooling type).
In this example, the cooling device 202 'includes a cooling tube d' inside the radiation tube 200, a positioning member e 'for positioning the cooling tube d' inside the radiation tube 200, and a supply mechanism f 'for supplying cooling gas to the cooling tube d'.
The cooling tube d' includes a first tube body d1 extending along the length direction of the radiation tube 200; the second pipe d2 is partially built in the first pipe d1, and the rest part of the second pipe d2 is exposed out of the first pipe d1, wherein the second pipe d2 is communicated with the inner cavity of the first pipe d1 from the inner end part, and the supply mechanism f comprises an air inlet pipe f1 communicated with the exposed part of the second pipe d2, an air outlet pipe f2 communicated with the first pipe d1 and an air supply assembly (not shown) communicated with the air inlet pipe f 1.
The cooling pipe d' is positioned in the combustion section a, the end part of the second pipe d2, which is leaked outwards, is arranged close to the rectifying section, and the air outlet pipe f2 is positioned at the end part of the first pipe d1, which is close to the air inlet pipe f 1. The air flow entering from the outside of the furnace enters the second pipe body from the inner end part along the length direction of the second pipe body, flows back along the second pipe body and is discharged into the furnace from the air outlet pipe, and then the furnace can be heated and warmed up, so that the recovery of heat energy is realized.
Specifically, the first tube d1 and the second tube d2 are arranged in parallel, and the second tube d2 is located in the middle of the first tube d1, and meanwhile, the central lines of the two tubes in the length direction are collinear.
Meanwhile, a guide pipe d3 is arranged at the end part of the first pipe body d1 far away from the air inlet pipe f1, and the air outlet end part of the combustion section a of the guide pipe d3 is a cone with gradually smaller outer diameter towards the air inlet end part. The DX gas generated by combustion can be uniformly dispersed around, so that heat energy exchange is facilitated.
The positioning piece e' is a guide vane spirally wound on the periphery of the first pipe body d1, wherein the guide vane forms a spiral guide cavity in the combustion section a. The flow guiding cavity enables the flow of DX gas to be more stable.
Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the inner diameter of the combustion section a is 2-4 times of the inner diameter of the steady flow output section c. Too large or too small is unfavorable for the flow of DX gas, and specifically, the inner diameter of the combustion section a is 2.8 times of that of the steady flow output section c.
The present application has been described in detail with the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present application and to implement the same, but not to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace, its includes the furnace body, is located the DX atmosphere generating device in the furnace body, DX atmosphere generating device include combustion unit, condensing unit and cold dryer, wherein the combustion unit include the radiant tube, set up the ignition nozzle subassembly of radiant tube air inlet end, the ignition nozzle subassembly include from the nozzle that the radiant tube air inlet end stretches into, with the gas pipeline that the nozzle is linked together, its characterized in that:
the radiant tube is positioned in a preheating zone or a heating zone of the furnace body and is divided into a combustion section, a rectifying section and a steady flow output section along the flow direction of the generated DX gas, wherein the inner diameter of the rectifying section gradually becomes smaller from the combustion section to the steady flow output section; the combustion unit also comprises a cooling device which is arranged outside or inside the radiant tube and used for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on DX gas in the radiant tube, wherein the cooling device is used for discharging heat exchanged gas into the furnace body;
the cooling device is of an inner cooling type and comprises a cooling pipe positioned in the radiant tube, a positioning piece used for positioning the cooling pipe in the radiant tube and a supply mechanism for supplying cooling gas to the cooling pipe; the cooling pipe comprises a first pipe body extending along the length direction of the radiant pipe; the second pipe body is partially arranged in the first pipe body, and the rest part of the second pipe body is exposed out of the first pipe body, wherein the second pipe body is communicated with the inner cavity of the first pipe body from the inner end part, and the supply mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe communicated with the exposed part of the second pipe body, an air outlet pipe communicated with the first pipe body and an air supply assembly communicated with the air inlet pipe; the cooling pipe is positioned in the combustion section, the end part of the second pipe body, which is externally leaked, is arranged close to the rectifying section, and the air outlet pipe is positioned at the end part of the first pipe body, which is close to the air inlet pipe; or the cooling device is externally cooled and comprises a cooling pipe sleeved on the periphery of the radiant tube and provided with a gas circulation cavity, and a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe which are communicated with the cavity, wherein the gas inlet pipe is positioned outside the furnace, and gas entering the cavity from outside the furnace exchanges heat with the radiant tube and is discharged into the furnace from the gas outlet pipe; the cavity is internally provided with a flow guide component which is convenient for heat exchange gas to flow, and the flow guide component comprises a flow guide sheet which is spirally wound on the periphery of the radiant tube and positioned on the inner wall of the cooling tube, wherein a spiral flow guide cavity is formed between the flow guide sheet and the inner wall and the outer wall of the cooling tube;
the DX atmosphere generating device also comprises a nitrogen purging unit arranged on one branch of the gas pipeline, a natural gas and air premixing unit in butt joint with the gas inlet of the gas pipeline, and an explosion-proof unit which is communicated with the gas pipeline and can quickly release the pressure of the pipe;
the condensing unit comprises a shell and tube heat exchanger and an overflow tank communicated with the shell and tube heat exchanger, wherein the shell and tube heat exchanger is used for communicating the combustion unit with the cold dryer, a DX gas converging unit is further arranged between a DX gas inlet of the shell and tube heat exchanger and a DX gas outlet of the combustion unit, the converging unit comprises a converging cavity with the height of an inner space gradually reduced from one end to the other end, a connector connected with the high end of the inner space of the converging cavity, a communicating pipe communicated with the end of the DX gas discharged from the steady flow output section, and a corrugated pipe used for communicating the connector with the communicating pipe.
2. The DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein: when the cooling device is externally cooled, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively positioned at the two end parts of the cooling pipe, and the flow direction of the heat exchange air flow in the cavity is opposite to the flow direction of the air in the radiant tube.
3. The DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein: when the cooling device is in an inner cooling type, a flow guide pipe is arranged at the end part of the first pipe body, which is far away from the air inlet pipe, and the flow guide pipe is a frustum or cone with the outer diameter gradually smaller from the air outlet end part to the air inlet end part of the combustion section; the locating piece is a guide vane spirally wound on the periphery of the first pipe body, wherein the guide vane forms a spiral guide cavity in the combustion section.
4. Use of the DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace of any one of claims 1 to 3 in a heat treatment process of high alloy steel, high carbon steel, bearing steel and copper alloy, wherein the heat treatment process comprises spheroidizing annealing, recrystallisation annealing, bright solid solution.
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| CN201810716821.3A CN108913859B (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2018-07-03 | DX atmosphere heat treatment furnace and application of high isothermal alloy steel and high carbon steel heat treatment |
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| CN109819538B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2024-05-03 | 范宜然 | Heating radiation cooling device |
| CN113088662B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-03-28 | 江西红睿马钢管股份有限公司 | DX gas carbon potential control method in bearing steel pipe anaerobic spheroidizing annealing process |
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