CN108716776B - Desalinated water and hot water coupling system based on solar energy - Google Patents

Desalinated water and hot water coupling system based on solar energy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108716776B
CN108716776B CN201810822142.4A CN201810822142A CN108716776B CN 108716776 B CN108716776 B CN 108716776B CN 201810822142 A CN201810822142 A CN 201810822142A CN 108716776 B CN108716776 B CN 108716776B
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water
solar
steam
saline
solar vacuum
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CN108716776A (en
Inventor
高崇纲
田瑞
郭枭
包峰杰
史治国
武泉鑫
于水秀
张娜
李玉平
辛浩
孟祥成
尤金辉
刘强
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Inner Mongolia Jianfeng Technology Co ltd
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Inner Mongolia Jianfeng Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/006Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/08Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142Solar thermal; Photovoltaics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system, which comprises a plurality of solar vacuum tubes which are connected in parallel and sealed, wherein steam outlets of the solar vacuum tubes are connected to a condensing coil inlet in a pressure-bearing condensing water tank through a steam converging buffer device, an outlet of the condensing coil is connected to a fresh water collecting device, a hot water outlet is arranged at the upper part of the pressure-bearing condensing water tank, and a tap water pipe is communicated at the lower part of the pressure-bearing condensing water tank; the system also comprises a circulating pump, a water inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with a saline water circulating pipe arranged in the solar vacuum pipe and a saline water storage tank arranged outside the solar vacuum pipe, an electric three-way valve for switching a pipeline channel is arranged at the joint, the saline water storage tank is communicated with a tap water pipe, and a water outlet of the circulating pump is communicated with a saline water spraying device arranged in the solar vacuum pipe. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated by the closed sun and the air sun realizes desalination of the brine and hot water supply, and can greatly improve the solar energy utilization rate.

Description

Desalinated water and hot water coupling system based on solar energy
Technical Field
The application mainly relates to the technical field of solar photoelectric and photo-thermal effects, in particular to a desalinated water and hot water coupling system based on solar energy.
Background
Solar energy is widely used in various fields as a cleanest energy source. The main application of solar energy is embodied in the aspects of solar power generation and solar heat utilization. The solar radiation energy is converted into electric energy by utilizing the photovoltaic module, and the solar radiation energy is absorbed by utilizing the solar heat collecting device so as to produce liquid thermal working medium or steam. In the related technical field of solar energy, improving the utilization rate and conversion efficiency of solar energy is a problem which is solved by a person skilled in the related field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the application combines the prior art, and provides a solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system, which is used for producing high-temperature high-pressure steam in a closed sun-drying and air-drying mode, condensing the high-temperature steam to produce high-quality fresh water and high-temperature cooling water, and supplying domestic hot water with the high-temperature cooling water, so that the solar energy utilization rate is greatly improved.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
the solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system comprises a plurality of solar vacuum tubes which are connected in parallel and sealed, steam outlets of the solar vacuum tubes are connected to a condensing coil inlet inside a pressure-bearing condensing water tank through a steam converging buffer device, an outlet of the condensing coil is connected to a fresh water collecting device, a hot water outlet is arranged at the upper part of the pressure-bearing condensing water tank, and a tap water pipe is communicated at the lower part of the pressure-bearing condensing water tank; the system further comprises a circulating pump, a water inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with a saline water circulating pipe arranged in the solar vacuum pipe and a saline water storage tank arranged outside the solar vacuum pipe, an electric three-way valve used for switching a pipeline channel is arranged at the joint, the saline water storage tank is communicated with a tap water pipe, a water outlet of the circulating pump is communicated with a saline water spraying device arranged in the solar vacuum pipe, the circulating pump, the saline water circulating pipe and the saline water spraying device are used for realizing saline water circulation in the solar vacuum pipe, and the circulating pump, the saline water storage tank and the saline water spraying device are used for realizing water supplementing of saline water in the solar vacuum pipe.
And a photovoltaic module is arranged in the gap between the adjacent solar vacuum tubes and is connected with a circulating pump to provide running power for the circulating pump.
The steam converging buffer device comprises a steam buffer cavity, a plurality of steam converging inlets communicated with the steam buffer cavity and a steam converging outlet communicated with the steam buffer cavity, wherein the position of the steam buffer cavity is lower than the height of a steam conveying pipeline at the steam converging inlet.
The solar vacuum tube is of a single-opening structure, the opening is sealed by a closed-sun sealing plug, three through holes are formed in the closed-sun sealing plug, and the three through holes are respectively used for the steam outlet pipeline, the saline water circulating pipeline and the saline water spraying device pipeline to pass through.
The sealing plug is soft silica gel plug.
The saline water spraying device is of a long cylindrical porous structure, and the porous structure is arranged on the 1/2 side surface of the long cylindrical structure and faces the incident direction of light.
The solar vacuum tube is internally provided with temperature, pressure and liquid level sensors, the sensors are connected with a controller, the controller controls the action of a circulating pump and an electric three-way valve according to sensor signals, and a one-way valve is arranged at the outlet of the circulating pump.
The hot water outlet of the pressure-bearing type condensing water tank is provided with a temperature sensor, auxiliary electric heating is arranged in the pressure-bearing type condensing water tank, and when the temperature sensor detects that the outlet water temperature is lower than the set temperature, the auxiliary electric heating is started automatically.
The fresh water collecting device comprises a drinking water storage tank, and an atmosphere communicating pipe and a conductivity tester which are used for maintaining the steam outflow pressure difference are arranged at the top of the drinking water storage tank.
After the solar vacuum tube is filled with the saline water, the inner cavity of the solar vacuum tube is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the lower part is a closed drying cavity for evaporating the saline water, and the upper part is a hollow drying cavity for further heating the closed drying steam.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the solar vacuum tube is used in the field of desalinated water, high-temperature high-pressure steam is directly generated in a closed sunning and air sunning mode, the high-temperature steam enthalpy is stored in cooling water (outside a condensing coil) in the condensation process, the solar vacuum tube can be used as domestic hot water, the reutilization of the high-temperature steam enthalpy is realized, and the solar utilization rate is greatly improved.
2. According to the application, after the solar vacuum tubes are connected in parallel in a single group, steam is sent into the buffer cavity, the highest position of the buffer cavity is lower than the highest position of the front steam conveying pipeline, so that backflow of front condensate water is effectively avoided, and vapor pressure in each independent tube cavity is balanced.
3. The application solves the defect of insufficient evaporation area of the vacuum tube, designs the evaporation strengthening device, provides following type circulating power by the photovoltaic module, greatly improves the evaporation capacity of the system, monitors the temperature, the pressure and the water level in the vacuum tube in real time in order to ensure that the system is in an optimal running state, strengthens evaporation and water supplementing, uses the same device, guides switching by a water level signal, and has simple structure and convenient use.
4. According to the application, the photovoltaic module is arranged between the adjacent vacuum tubes, so that the land utilization rate is increased, and the following of the operation process of the enhanced evaporation circulating pump is realized.
5. The steam condensate water tank is designed to be pressure-bearing, can ensure continuous full load of cooling water, is connected with a tap water pipe, provides enough water pressure for the use process of domestic hot water, is internally provided with an electric heating device, is controlled by a temperature signal at the water outlet of the condensate water tank, and can continuously provide constant-temperature hot water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the vapor confluence buffer of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the sealing plug of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a brine spray apparatus of the present application.
The reference numbers shown in the drawings:
1. a steam confluence buffer device; 2. sealing and sun-curing; 3. a brine spray device; 4. a solar vacuum tube; 5. brine; 6. a one-way valve; 7. a photovoltaic module; 8. a brine circulation pipe; 9. a steam outlet; 10. temperature, pressure and water level sensors; 11. a brine circulation header; 12. a photovoltaic module negative electrode; 13. a brine circulation shunt tube; 14. a photovoltaic module positive electrode; 15. a circulation pump; 16. an electric three-way valve; 17. a saline water replenishing inlet; 18. a brine storage tank; 19. tap water; 20. pressure-bearing type condensing water tank; 21. a condensing coil inlet; 22. a pressure release valve; 23. a condensing coil; 24. a drinking water storage tank; 25. a conductivity tester; 26. an atmosphere communicating pipe; 27. a shower nozzle; 28. a steam confluence inlet; 29. a steam buffer chamber; 30. a steam converging outlet; 31. a salt water inlet of the spraying device; 32. spraying micropores; 33. a spray body; 34. a closed sun-curing cavity; 35. and (5) drying the cavity in the air.
Detailed Description
The application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Further, it will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the application, and equivalents thereof fall within the scope of the application as defined by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the application relates to a solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system, which mainly generates high-temperature high-pressure steam through the closed sun and air sun functions of a plurality of parallel solar vacuum tubes, and realizes saline water desalination and hot water supply after condensing the high-temperature high-pressure steam. The system mainly comprises a closed sun drying and air drying evaporation system, a saline water circulation system and a condensation heat collection system.
In the application, the closed sun drying and air drying evaporation system and the condensation heat collection system are realized by the following structures: after the brine 5 is injected into the solar vacuum tube 4, the inner cavity of the solar vacuum tube 4 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a insolation cavity 35, the lower part is a insolation cavity 34, the temperature of the insolation cavity 35 is 10-50 ℃ higher than that of the insolation cavity 34, the temperature difference is in positive correlation with irradiance of the sun, the insolation cavity 34 mainly evaporates the brine 5, the insolation cavity 35 further heats the insolation 34 steam, the brine 5 in the vacuum tube insolation cavity 34 is directly evaporated after the insolation of the solar vacuum tube 4, the steam is further heated and warmed after entering the insolation cavity, the pressure of the steam is rapidly increased along with continuous gathering and warming of the steam in the insolation cavity 35, the high-temperature steam in the solar vacuum tube 4 is pressed into the steam outlet 9 under the action of the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure of the air insolation cavity 35 and the outlet of the condensing coil 23, the high-temperature steam flows into the condensing coil inlet 21 in the pressure-bearing type condensing water tank 20 through a pipeline after being converged by the steam converging buffer device 1, the outlet of the condensing coil 23 is connected to the fresh water collecting device, after the pressure-bearing type condensing water tank 20 condenses the steam, the brine is generated at the outlet of the condensing water of the condensing coil 23, and the drinking water with good quality is preferably discharged and stored in the fresh water collecting device. An atmospheric communication pipe 26 is arranged in the fresh water collecting device to maintain the water pressure difference, and a conductivity tester 25 is arranged at the same time, if the conductivity is higher than 20 mu s/cm, a fault alarm is sent, the system stops running, and related personnel are guided to overhaul the equipment. The upper part of the pressure-bearing type condensation water tank 20 is provided with a hot water outlet, the lower part is communicated with a tap water pipe, and the vapor is condensed while the carried vaporization latent heat is transferred to the cooling water in the pressure-bearing type condensation water tank 20. In this process, the water temperature in the upper part of the pressure-bearing condensate tank 20 will continuously rise, and after 1 day of operation of the system, 1/2 of the water in the upper part of the tank will be heated to around 60 ℃. The hot water is used for domestic water such as shower, and the water inlet of the pressure-bearing type condensation water tank 20 is directly connected with tap water 19, so that real-time water supplementing can be realized, the water quantity of the water tank is ensured to be continuously full, a temperature sensor is arranged at the water outlet of the pressure-bearing type condensation water tank 20, and when the water outlet temperature is detected to be lower than the set temperature, auxiliary electric heating in the water tank is started, and the water outlet temperature is ensured to be above the set value at any time.
In the sun-curing evaporation system, as shown in fig. 3, a sun-curing sealing plug 2 adopts a high-temperature-resistant and high-elasticity soft silica gel plug, so that the water quality of the discharged water can be ensured, and the opening and the sealing are convenient; as shown in fig. 2, the highest position of the steam buffer chamber 29 of the steam confluence buffer device is lower than the highest position of the front steam delivery pipeline, so that backflow of front condensed water can be effectively avoided, and the vapor pressure of each independent pipe chamber is balanced.
The structure of the saline water circulation system of the system is as follows: the saline water circulation is driven by a circulation pump 15, a water inlet of the circulation pump 15 is communicated with a saline water circulation pipe 8 arranged in the solar vacuum pipe 4 and a saline water storage tank 18 arranged outside the solar vacuum pipe, an electric three-way valve 16 for switching a pipeline channel is arranged at the joint, the saline water storage tank 18 is communicated with tap water 19, a water outlet of the circulation pump 15 is communicated with a saline water spraying device 3 arranged in the solar vacuum pipe 4, the saline water circulation pipe 8 and the saline water spraying device 3 realize circulation of saline water in the vacuum pipe through the circulation pump 15, and the saline water storage tank 18 and the saline water spraying device 3 realize water supplementing of saline water through the circulation pump 15.
Because the saline water spraying device 3 is additionally arranged, 6-8 solar vacuum tubes 4 are served by one high-temperature-resistant circulating pump 15, the spraying main body 33 of the spraying device is of a long cylindrical porous structure, the spraying micropores 32 are formed in the 1/2 side face of the cylindrical structure and are opposite to the incidence direction of light, the spraying micropores 32 can miniaturize saline water drops and ensure that the micro drops spray obliquely upwards, and the micro drops are heated to high temperature or vaporized before contacting with the vacuum tube wall.
The temperature, pressure and water level sensor 10 is arranged in the solar vacuum tube 4, and related parameters can be monitored in real time, wherein the liquid level is a key factor influencing the quality and the yield of fresh water, and when the liquid level is too high, high-pressure steam outflow and liquid level fluctuation can bring partial saline water, so that the quality of the water does not reach the standard. When the liquid level is too low, the pressure in the closed sunning cavity is reduced, the outflow flow of steam is reduced, and the water yield is reduced, so that the water level is kept in an optimal interval, and the operation effect and the capacity of the system can be greatly improved. The system sends the monitored real-time liquid level signal to the controller, when the controller knows that the water level is lower than the minimum warning water level, the water is immediately supplemented through the saline water circulating system, and when the controller knows that the water level is higher than the maximum warning water level, the water supplementing is stopped. The water replenishing and brine-containing circulation is switched through an electric three-way valve 16 at the inlet of the high-temperature-resistant circulating pump 15, and the one-way valve 6 is arranged at the outlet of the high-temperature-resistant circulating pump 15, so that steam can be prevented from entering the circulating pump 15.
The electric energy consumed by the high-temperature-resistant circulating pump 15 is directly derived from the output electric energy of the photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module 7 is arranged in the gap between the adjacent solar vacuum tubes 4, so that the land utilization rate is increased, and the running power of the high-temperature-resistant circulating pump 15 is provided. The circulation pump 15 operates to follow solar irradiance, when the solar irradiance is lower than a certain value, the insolation temperature is reduced, the internal steam pressure of the solar vacuum tube 4 is low, the steam output is stopped, and the high-temperature-resistant circulation pump 15 does not need to operate. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic module 7 senses that solar irradiance is reduced, the output power of the photovoltaic module is also greatly reduced, the voltage input to the circulating pump 15 is lower than the starting voltage of the circulating pump 15, the circulating pump 15 stops running until the solar irradiance is higher than a certain value, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module 7 is increased, the high-temperature-resistant circulating pump 15 is restarted, and the system starts to produce water. In order to make the inner cavity of the solar vacuum tube 4 at a continuous high temperature, the circulating pump 15 is preferably operated in an intermittent mode, and the intermittent operation is regulated and controlled by a time controller, so that the purpose of protecting the circulating pump 15 is also realized.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a desalinated water and hot water coupled system based on solar energy, includes a plurality of parallelly connected and sealed solar vacuum tubes, its characterized in that: the steam outlets of the solar vacuum tubes are connected to the inlet of the condensing coil in the pressure-bearing condensing water tank through the steam converging buffer device, the outlet of the condensing coil is connected to the fresh water collecting device, the upper part of the pressure-bearing condensing water tank is provided with a hot water outlet, and the lower part of the pressure-bearing condensing water tank is communicated with a tap water pipe; the system also comprises a circulating pump, a water inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with a saline water circulating pipe arranged in the solar vacuum pipe and a saline water storage tank arranged outside the solar vacuum pipe, an electric three-way valve for switching a pipeline passage is arranged at the joint, the saline water storage tank is communicated with a tap water pipe, a water outlet of the circulating pump is communicated with a saline water spraying device arranged in the solar vacuum pipe, the circulating pump, the saline water circulating pipe and the saline water spraying device are used for realizing the saline water circulation in the solar vacuum pipe, and the circulating pump, the saline water storage tank and the saline water spraying device are used for realizing the water supplementing of the saline water in the solar vacuum pipe; the saline water spraying device is of a long cylindrical porous structure, and the porous structure is arranged on the 1/2 side surface of the long cylindrical structure and is opposite to the incident direction of light; after the solar vacuum tube is filled with the saline water, the inner cavity of the solar vacuum tube is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the lower part is a closed drying cavity for evaporating the saline water, and the upper part is a hollow drying cavity for further heating the closed drying steam.
2. The solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system of claim 1, wherein: and a photovoltaic module is arranged in the gap between the adjacent solar vacuum tubes and is connected with a circulating pump to provide running power for the circulating pump.
3. The solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system of claim 1, wherein: the steam converging buffer device comprises a steam buffer cavity, a plurality of steam converging inlets communicated with the steam buffer cavity and a steam converging outlet communicated with the steam buffer cavity, wherein the position of the steam buffer cavity is lower than the height of a steam conveying pipeline at the steam converging inlet.
4. The solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system of claim 1, wherein: the solar vacuum tube is of a single-opening structure, the opening is sealed by a closed-sun sealing plug, three through holes are formed in the closed-sun sealing plug, and the three through holes are respectively used for the steam outlet pipeline, the saline water circulating pipeline and the saline water spraying device pipeline to pass through.
5. The solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system of claim 4, wherein: the sealing plug is soft silica gel plug.
6. The solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system of claim 1, wherein: the solar vacuum tube is internally provided with temperature, pressure and liquid level sensors, the sensors are connected with a controller, the controller controls the action of a circulating pump and an electric three-way valve according to sensor signals, and a one-way valve is arranged at the outlet of the circulating pump.
7. The solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system of claim 1, wherein: the hot water outlet of the pressure-bearing type condensing water tank is provided with a temperature sensor, auxiliary electric heating is arranged in the pressure-bearing type condensing water tank, and when the temperature sensor detects that the outlet water temperature is lower than the set temperature, the auxiliary electric heating is started automatically.
8. The solar-based desalinated water and hot water coupling system of claim 1, wherein: the fresh water collecting device comprises a drinking water storage tank, and an atmosphere communicating pipe and a conductivity tester which are used for maintaining the steam outflow pressure difference are arranged at the top of the drinking water storage tank.
CN201810822142.4A 2018-07-24 2018-07-24 Desalinated water and hot water coupling system based on solar energy Active CN108716776B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109467150A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-03-15 内蒙古尖锋新能源有限公司 A kind of solar energy desalination water system coupling cold-hot coproduction

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4077849A (en) * 1975-11-03 1978-03-07 Ziehm Jr Kurt F Desalination apparatus
CN2519205Y (en) * 2002-01-17 2002-10-30 甄建伟 Device of producing distilled water and hot water simultaneously using solar energy
CN201406329Y (en) * 2009-04-21 2010-02-17 黎国之 solar distilled water generator
JP2011240240A (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-12-01 Mitaka Koki Co Ltd Spray type raw water desalination device
CN103759428A (en) * 2014-01-30 2014-04-30 徐阳 Solar solution generation structure
CN103994591A (en) * 2013-04-17 2014-08-20 庞怡 Multifunctional solar energy system
CN104180536A (en) * 2014-07-28 2014-12-03 杨艺明 Wind force temperature rising and heat gathering device for solar heater
CN208431962U (en) * 2018-07-24 2019-01-25 内蒙古尖锋新能源有限公司 Desalination water and hot water coupling system based on solar energy

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4077849A (en) * 1975-11-03 1978-03-07 Ziehm Jr Kurt F Desalination apparatus
CN2519205Y (en) * 2002-01-17 2002-10-30 甄建伟 Device of producing distilled water and hot water simultaneously using solar energy
CN201406329Y (en) * 2009-04-21 2010-02-17 黎国之 solar distilled water generator
JP2011240240A (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-12-01 Mitaka Koki Co Ltd Spray type raw water desalination device
CN103994591A (en) * 2013-04-17 2014-08-20 庞怡 Multifunctional solar energy system
CN103759428A (en) * 2014-01-30 2014-04-30 徐阳 Solar solution generation structure
CN104180536A (en) * 2014-07-28 2014-12-03 杨艺明 Wind force temperature rising and heat gathering device for solar heater
CN208431962U (en) * 2018-07-24 2019-01-25 内蒙古尖锋新能源有限公司 Desalination water and hot water coupling system based on solar energy

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