CN108166367B - Breaking hammer - Google Patents

Breaking hammer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108166367B
CN108166367B CN201711319024.3A CN201711319024A CN108166367B CN 108166367 B CN108166367 B CN 108166367B CN 201711319024 A CN201711319024 A CN 201711319024A CN 108166367 B CN108166367 B CN 108166367B
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China
Prior art keywords
drill rod
spring
impact hammer
valve body
block
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CN108166367A (en
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不公告发明人
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Quanzhou Quangang Canpeng Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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Quanzhou Quangang Canpeng Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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Priority to CN201711319024.3A priority Critical patent/CN108166367B/en
Publication of CN108166367A publication Critical patent/CN108166367A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E01C23/124Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus moved rectilinearly, e.g. road-breaker apparatus with reciprocating tools, with drop-hammers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E02F3/966Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements of hammer-type tools

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a breaking hammer, which belongs to the technical field of breaking hammers and comprises a drill rod, a drill rod sleeve, an impact hammer, a hydraulic pump, a crank slider, a side plate connecting plate and a rocker, wherein the drill rod is arranged inside the drill rod sleeve through the sliding fit of a drill rod guide block and a drill rod sleeve sliding hole; the impact hammer is driven by the hydraulic pump through the crank rocker mechanism to periodically impact the drill rod, so that the drill rod can crush objects. According to the invention, the knocking mechanism can be started only when the drill rod exerts a certain force on the object and retracts inwards, and the knocking mechanism stops knocking as soon as the drill rod leaves the object, so that the idle striking phenomenon of the drill rod is prevented, and the service life of the drill rod is prolonged. Has better use effect.

Description

Breaking hammer
The invention relates to a divisional application of a patent with the application number of 2016103778682 and the application date of 2016, 05 and 31, and the patent is named as 'a drill rod triggering breaking hammer based on hydraulic valve control'.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breaking hammers, and particularly relates to a drill rod triggered breaking hammer based on hydraulic valve control.
Background
The conventional breaking hammer has various driving modes such as hydraulic driving, nitrogen and hydraulic hybrid driving, gravity driving and the like, and each driving mode achieves the effect of breaking objects by impacting a drill rod at a high speed to enable the drill rod to have large kinetic energy instantly; after the drill rod is impacted, huge kinetic energy is released by crushing objects, but the drill rod is often separated from the objects in work, and at the moment, the striking is still in progress, the huge striking kinetic energy cannot be released, and the drill rod is greatly damaged by long-time idle striking, so that the running cost of equipment is increased.
The invention designs a drill rod triggering breaking hammer based on hydraulic valve control to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a drill rod triggering breaking hammer based on hydraulic valve control, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A drill rod triggered breaking hammer based on hydraulic valve control is characterized in that: it comprises a drill rod, a drill rod sleeve, a first drill rod spring support, a drill rod spring, a second drill rod spring support, a drill rod guide block, a drill rod sleeve sliding hole, a spring pin, a first impact hammer spring support, an impact hammer chute, a driving rod guide rail, a driving rod limiting plate, an impact hammer spring pin, a second impact hammer spring support, a driving rod limiting block, an impact hammer protection spring, a driving rod guide rail groove, a driving rod limiting groove, a hydraulic pump, a crank fixing structure, a crank spring, a rocker rotating shaft, a rotating pair, a crank slider, a slider limiting ring, a first outer side plate, a second outer side plate, a side plate reinforcing rib, an impact hammer reciprocating spring, a hydraulic control valve, a side plate connecting plate and a rocker, wherein the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate are symmetrically installed together through a plurality of side plate reinforcing ribs, and a side plate connecting plate is also installed between the, the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate constitute a housing of the breaking hammer. The hydraulic pump is installed in the second outside board outside, and the second outside board is passed to the hydraulic pump pivot.
The crank fixing structure is arranged on a rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump, one end of the crank is arranged on the crank fixing structure, the other end of the crank is provided with a slide block limiting ring, and the crank slide block slides on the crank; the crank spring is sleeved on the crank, one end of the crank spring is arranged on the crank fixing structure, and the other end of the crank spring is arranged on the crank sliding block; the rocker rotating shaft is arranged on the crank sliding block, one end of the rocker is arranged on the rocker rotating shaft, and the other end of the rocker is arranged on the rotating pair.
The positions of the rocker and the crank are matched through the crank sliding block and the crank spring, and the design aims at: when the crank rotates around a rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump, when the crank is vertically upward and the rocker is under the weight of the impact hammer, the rocker drives the crank slider to slide to the root of the crank, a crank spring at the position is compressed to obtain elastic force equal to the gravity of the impact hammer, and when the crank rotates downwards from vertical upward, the impact hammer rapidly moves downwards to impact the drill rod under the double action of the gravity of the impact hammer and the crank spring; the crank slider and the crank spring cooperate to store and release energy.
The top ends of the driving rods are arranged at the bottom ends of the rotating pairs, the two driving rod guide rails are symmetrically arranged at the lower sides of the driving rods, the driving rod limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged at the lower sides of the driving rods, and the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod limiting blocks are perpendicular to the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod guide rails; the upper end face of the impact hammer is provided with a round hole, two driving rod guide rail grooves and two driving rod limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the round hole, and the symmetrical surfaces of the two driving rod guide rail grooves are perpendicular to the symmetrical surfaces of the two driving rod limiting grooves; the bottom end of the driving rod is arranged in the circular hole of the impact hammer, the driving rod guide rail is matched with the driving rod guide rail groove, and the driving rod limiting block is matched with the driving rod limiting groove; the driving rod limiting plate is arranged at the top end of the impact hammer, and a notch matched with the driving rod guide rail is formed in the driving rod limiting plate; two second impact hammer spring supports are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the impact hammer, and each second impact hammer spring support is provided with an impact hammer spring pin; the impact hammer protection spring is installed in the impact hammer round hole, one end of the impact hammer protection spring is connected with the bottom end of the driving rod, and the other end of the impact hammer protection spring is connected with the bottom end of the impact hammer round hole.
The driving rod and the impact hammer can move mutually, and the impact hammer protection spring is added. The function is as follows: the mutual positions of the drill rod and the drill rod sleeve are different according to the mutual positions of the crushed object and the drill rod sleeve, and the impact position of the impact hammer and the drill rod is in a certain range during each impact; if the striking hammer moves along with the rocker and strikes against the drill rod when the crank does not move vertically downwards, the downward movement of the striking hammer is limited, but the crank still rotates to the vertically downward position at the moment, and the increased striking hammer protects the spring to contract at the moment, so that the contradiction between the stopping of the movement of the striking hammer and the continuous movement of the crank is counteracted. The crank spring also has a similar effect.
The impact hammer is arranged in the drill rod sleeve, two impact hammer chutes are symmetrically arranged on the side of the drill rod sleeve, two second impact hammer spring supports are respectively in sliding fit with the two impact hammer chutes, and the two first impact hammer spring supports are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the drill rod sleeve; the two first impact hammer spring supports and the two second impact hammer spring supports correspond to each other in pairs respectively, in each correspondence, one end of an impact hammer reciprocating spring is installed on the second impact hammer spring support through an impact hammer spring pin, and the other end of the impact hammer reciprocating spring is installed on the first impact hammer spring support through the impact hammer spring pin; a drill rod sleeve sliding hole is formed in the lower position in the drill rod sleeve and penetrates through the whole drill rod sleeve, two first drill rod spring supports are symmetrically arranged on the drill rod sleeve and are positioned on the upper side of the drill rod sleeve sliding hole, two drill rod guide blocks are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the drill rod, a second drill rod spring support is respectively arranged on the two drill rod guide blocks, the drill rod is arranged in the drill rod sleeve, and the drill rod guide blocks are matched with the drill rod sleeve sliding hole; one end of a drill rod spring is arranged on a first drill rod spring support through a spring pin, the other end of the drill rod spring is arranged on a second drill rod spring support through a spring pin, a drill rod spring is arranged on a guide block, and the drill rod spring plays a role in resetting the drill rod when the drill rod is knocked to and fro; the reciprocating spring of the impact hammer plays the roles of energy recovery and release in the process of impact of the impact hammer and the drill rod each time, and generates a shock absorption effect on impact shock. The drill rod sleeve is arranged between the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate; the hydraulic control valve is arranged at a drill rod sleeve sliding hole on the drill rod sleeve.
The hydraulic control valve comprises a driving slide block, a limiting block, a guide rail, a first supporting plate, an amplitude valve body, a first valve block, a hydraulic hole, a second valve block, a third valve block, a fourth valve block, a second supporting plate, a driving sliding groove, a valve body shell, a third supporting plate and a valve body spring, wherein the first supporting plate and the third supporting plate are arranged on the drill rod sleeve in parallel from top to bottom, and the second supporting plate is vertically arranged on the third supporting plate; the valve body shell is a shell with a U-shaped section, one end of the valve body shell is arranged at the lower side of one end of the first supporting plate, the other end of the valve body shell is arranged at the upper end of the second supporting plate, the second valve block and the fourth valve block are sequentially arranged in a U-shaped groove of the valve body shell from top to bottom, the second valve block is positioned in the middle of the valve body shell, and the fourth valve block is positioned at the lower end of the valve body shell and close to; the two guide rails are respectively arranged on the two opening end surfaces on the valve body shell; one surface of the amplitude valve body is provided with a driving sliding chute, and two surfaces adjacent to the surface provided with the driving sliding chute are symmetrically provided with two valve body sliding chutes; the first valve block and the third valve block are sequentially arranged on the non-grooved surface of the amplitude valve body from top to bottom, the upper end surface of the first valve block is aligned with the upper end surface of the amplitude valve body, and the distance from the lower end surface of the third valve block to the lower end surface of the amplitude valve body is greater than the length of the third valve block; the valve body sliding groove is in sliding fit with the guide rail; the driving sliding block is arranged on the second drill rod spring support and slides in the driving sliding chute, and the limiting block is arranged in the middle lower position of the driving sliding chute; valve body spring one end is installed terminal surface under the range valve body, and the other end is installed in third backup pad upside. The lower end face of the first valve block and the upper end face of the second valve block form a first hydraulic through cavity, and the third valve block and the fourth valve block form a second hydraulic through cavity; in the process that the amplitude valve body slides up and down in the valve body shell, when the first valve block is contacted with the first supporting plate, the side walls of the first hydraulic through cavity and the second hydraulic through cavity at the moment are respectively provided with two hydraulic holes, and the two hydraulic holes are distributed on two sides of the second valve block in pairs.
The hydraulic control valve is connected with the hydraulic pump through a hydraulic pipe.
As a further improvement of the technology, the drill rod guide block is installed on the drill rod by welding.
As a further improvement of the present technology, any two hydraulic holes on one side of the second valve block among the four hydraulic holes are a hydraulic oil inlet, and the other hydraulic oil outlet.
As a further improvement of the technology, the rotary pair comprises support lugs, cylindrical pins and connecting blocks, wherein the two support lugs are arranged on the connecting blocks in parallel, the cylindrical pins are arranged on the support lugs, the connecting blocks are arranged at the top ends of the driving rods, and the rocking rods are arranged on the cylindrical pins.
As a further improvement of the present technology, the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate are further provided with mounting holes.
Compared with the traditional breaking hammer technology, the drill rod is arranged in the drill rod sleeve through the sliding fit of the drill rod guide block and the drill rod sleeve sliding hole, the drill rod spring is arranged on the guide block, and the drill rod plays a role in resetting the drill rod when the drill rod is in reciprocating beating operation; the impact hammer is driven by the hydraulic pump through the crank rocker mechanism to periodically impact the drill rod, so that the drill rod can crush objects. The hydraulic control valve controlled by the drill rod is added in the mechanism design, so that opening and closing of the hydraulic pump are controlled, the design has the advantages that only after the drill rod exerts certain force on an object, the drill rod retracts inwards, the oil way is opened, the rapping mechanism is started, and the rapping mechanism stops rapping immediately as long as the drill rod leaves the object, so that the phenomenon of idle rapping of the drill rod is prevented, and the service life of the drill rod is prolonged.
To the hydraulic control valve of drill rod control, sheathe in at the drill rod through first backup pad, second backup pad and third backup pad install the valve body shell, install the range valve body on the valve body shell, install the valve body spring between range valve body and the third backup pad, the valve body spring is compression spring, the cooperation that the range valve body passes through guide rail and valve body spout slides in the U type groove of valve body shell, because the valve body spring has very big pretightning force, stopper on the range valve body can contact with the drive slider, and when the drive slider shifts up, the stopper still can be under the valve body spring effect, along with drive slider rebound, can't guarantee the stopper and the drive slider contact of rebound up to the pretightning force of valve body spring. The specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows: when the breaking hammer is not used, the drill rod is in a natural state under the action of the self gravity and the upward thrust of the drill rod spring and the limiting block; meanwhile, the amplitude valve body is kept at a certain position under the action of upward pressure of a valve body spring, self gravity and downward pressure of the driving slide block, and at the moment, the mutual positions of the amplitude valve body and the valve body shell enable the hydraulic holes in the two hydraulic cavities to be in a closed state; when the quartering hammer during operation, the drill rod contacts with the object, after a certain power was applyed between drill rod and object to the mechanism of installation quartering hammer, the drill rod can withdraw certain distance to drill rod cover the inside, drives the drive slider rebound simultaneously, because valve body spring action range valve body and stopper move up along with the drive slider, after the certain distance that contracts in the drill rod, the hydraulic pressure hole in range valve body and the valve body shell is opened, the hydraulic line of the hydraulic pump in the mechanism of pounding of quartering hammer is opened, the hammer begins to work and beats the drill rod. After the drill rod is knocked, the drill rod is lifted through a mechanism provided with a breaking hammer, the drill rod extends outwards under the action of a drill rod spring and is restored to a natural state, meanwhile, a driving sliding block presses a limiting block to slide downwards under the restoring action of the drill rod spring, and meanwhile, an amplitude valve body is driven to slide downwards in a valve body shell, a hydraulic hole is closed, a hydraulic pump cuts off oil, and the knocking mechanism stops working.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shank and shank sleeve installation.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a shank sleeve construction.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a drill rod configuration.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of the drive rod and impact hammer installation.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the drive rod configuration.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the impact hammer structure.
FIG. 7 is a crank rocker mounting schematic.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a crank block installation.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a crank block structure.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the breaking hammer.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the breaking hammer.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the crushing transmission structure.
Fig. 13 is a hydraulic control valve installation schematic.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a hydraulic control valve structure.
Fig. 15 is a side view of the hydraulic control valve.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the amplitude valve body structure.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the valve body housing construction.
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a valve body spring installation.
Number designation in the figures: 1. driving slide block, 2, limiting block, 3, guide rail, 4, first supporting plate, 5, amplitude valve body, 6, first valve block, 7, hydraulic hole, 8, first hydraulic through cavity, 9, second valve block, 10, third valve block, 11, second hydraulic through cavity, 12, fourth valve block, 13, second supporting plate, 14, driving runner, 15, valve body runner, 16, valve body shell, 17, third supporting plate, 18, valve body spring, 21, drill rod, 22, drill rod sleeve, 23, first drill rod spring support, 24, drill rod spring, 25, second drill rod spring support, 26, drill rod guide block, 27, drill rod sleeve sliding hole, 28, spring pin, 30, first impact hammer spring support, 31, impact hammer runner, 32, lug, 33, cylindrical pin, 34, connecting block, 35, driving rod, 36, guide rail, 37, limiting plate, 38, impact hammer, 39, first impact hammer, second impact hammer, 9, third impact hammer, 9, second valve block, 10, third valve block, 11, second hydraulic through cavity, 12, fourth valve block, 13, second drill rod spring support, 24, drill, The impact hammer comprises an impact hammer spring pin 40, a second impact hammer spring support 41, a driving rod limiting block 42, an impact hammer protection spring 43, a driving rod guide rail groove 44, a driving rod limiting groove 45, a hydraulic pump 46, a crank fixing structure 47, a crank spring 48, a rocker rotating shaft 49, a rotating pair 50, a crank 51, a crank sliding block 52, a sliding block limiting ring 53, a first outer side plate 54, a mounting hole 55, a second outer side plate 56, a side plate reinforcing rib 57, an impact hammer reciprocating spring 58, a hydraulic control valve 59, a side plate connecting plate 60 and a rocker.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, it comprises a drill rod, a drill rod sleeve, a first drill rod spring support, a drill rod spring, a second drill rod spring support, a drill rod guide block, a drill rod sleeve slide hole, a spring pin, a first impact hammer spring support, an impact hammer slide groove, a drive rod guide rail, a drive rod limit plate, an impact hammer spring pin, a second impact hammer spring support, a drive rod limit block, an impact hammer protection spring, a drive rod guide rail groove, a drive rod limit groove, a hydraulic pump, a crank fixing structure, a crank spring, a rocker rotating shaft, a rotating pair, a crank slide block, a slide block limit ring, a first outer side plate, a second outer side plate, a side plate reinforcing rib, an impact hammer reciprocating spring, a hydraulic control valve, a side plate connecting plate and a rocker, wherein as shown in fig. 10, the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate are symmetrically installed together through several side, and a side plate connecting plate is further arranged between the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate, and the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate form a shell of the breaking hammer. As shown in fig. 11, the hydraulic pump is installed outside the second outer plate, and the hydraulic pump rotation shaft passes through the second outer plate.
As shown in fig. 12, the crank fixing structure is installed on the hydraulic pump rotating shaft, as shown in fig. 8, one end of the crank is installed on the crank fixing structure, the other end of the crank is installed with a slide block limiting ring, and the crank slide block slides on the crank; the crank spring is sleeved on the crank, one end of the crank spring is arranged on the crank fixing structure, and the other end of the crank spring is arranged on the crank sliding block; as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the rocker rotating shaft is mounted on the crank slider, and as shown in fig. 7, one end of the rocker is mounted on the rocker rotating shaft, and the other end is mounted on the rotating pair.
The positions of the rocker and the crank are matched through the crank sliding block and the crank spring, and the design aims at: when the crank rotates around a rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump, when the crank is vertically upward and the rocker is under the weight of the impact hammer, the rocker drives the crank slider to slide to the root of the crank, a crank spring at the position is compressed to obtain elastic force equal to the gravity of the impact hammer, and when the crank rotates downwards from vertical upward, the impact hammer rapidly moves downwards to impact the drill rod under the double action of the gravity of the impact hammer and the crank spring; the crank slider and the crank spring cooperate to store and release energy.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the top end of the driving rod is installed at the bottom end of the revolute pair, the two driving rod guide rails are symmetrically installed at the lower sides of the driving rods, the driving rod limiting blocks are symmetrically installed at the lower sides of the driving rods, and the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod limiting blocks are perpendicular to the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod guide rails; as shown in fig. 6, a round hole is formed on the upper end surface of the impact hammer, two driving rod guide rail grooves and two driving rod limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the round hole, and the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod guide rail grooves are perpendicular to the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod limiting grooves; the bottom end of the driving rod is arranged in the circular hole of the impact hammer, the driving rod guide rail is matched with the driving rod guide rail groove, and the driving rod limiting block is matched with the driving rod limiting groove; the driving rod limiting plate is arranged at the top end of the impact hammer, and a notch matched with the driving rod guide rail is formed in the driving rod limiting plate; two second impact hammer spring supports are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the impact hammer, and each second impact hammer spring support is provided with an impact hammer spring pin; the impact hammer protection spring is installed in the impact hammer round hole, one end of the impact hammer protection spring is connected with the bottom end of the driving rod, and the other end of the impact hammer protection spring is connected with the bottom end of the impact hammer round hole.
The driving rod and the impact hammer can move mutually, and the impact hammer protection spring is added. The function is as follows: the mutual positions of the drill rod and the drill rod sleeve are different according to the mutual positions of the crushed object and the drill rod sleeve, and the impact position of the impact hammer and the drill rod is in a certain range during each impact; if the striking hammer moves along with the rocker and strikes against the drill rod when the crank does not move vertically downwards, the downward movement of the striking hammer is limited, but the crank still rotates to the vertically downward position at the moment, and the increased striking hammer protects the spring to contract at the moment, so that the contradiction between the stopping of the movement of the striking hammer and the continuous movement of the crank is counteracted. The crank spring also has a similar effect.
As shown in fig. 1, the impact hammer is installed in the drill rod sleeve, as shown in fig. 2, the drill rod sleeve is symmetrically provided with two impact hammer chutes at the upper side, two second impact hammer spring supports are respectively in sliding fit with the two impact hammer chutes, and two first impact hammer spring supports are symmetrically installed at the upper side of the drill rod sleeve; the two first impact hammer spring supports and the two second impact hammer spring supports correspond to each other in pairs respectively, in each correspondence, one end of an impact hammer reciprocating spring is installed on the second impact hammer spring support through an impact hammer spring pin, and the other end of the impact hammer reciprocating spring is installed on the first impact hammer spring support through the impact hammer spring pin; as shown in fig. 2, a drill rod sleeve sliding hole is formed in the drill rod sleeve at a lower position and penetrates through the whole drill rod sleeve, two first drill rod spring supports are symmetrically arranged on the drill rod sleeve and positioned on the upper side of the drill rod sleeve sliding hole, two drill rod guide blocks are symmetrically arranged in the middle of a drill rod, as shown in fig. 3, two second drill rod spring supports are respectively arranged on the two drill rod guide blocks, the drill rod is arranged in the drill rod sleeve, and the drill rod guide blocks are matched with the drill rod sleeve sliding hole; one end of a drill rod spring is arranged on a first drill rod spring support through a spring pin, the other end of the drill rod spring is arranged on a second drill rod spring support through a spring pin, a drill rod spring is arranged on a guide block, and the drill rod spring plays a role in resetting the drill rod when the drill rod is knocked to and fro; the reciprocating spring of the impact hammer plays the roles of energy recovery and release in the process of impact of the impact hammer and the drill rod each time, and generates a shock absorption effect on impact shock. The drill rod sleeve is arranged between the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate; as shown in FIG. 13, the hydraulic control valve is mounted at the drill rod sleeve slide hole in the drill rod sleeve.
As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the hydraulic control valve includes a driving slider, a limiting block, a guide rail, a first support plate, an amplitude valve body, a first valve block, a hydraulic hole, a second valve block, a third valve block, a fourth valve block, a second support plate, a driving chute, a valve body housing, a third support plate, and a valve body spring, wherein as shown in fig. 13, the first support plate and the third support plate are mounted on the drill rod sleeve in parallel from top to bottom, and the second support plate is vertically mounted on the third support plate; as shown in fig. 17, the valve body housing is a U-shaped housing, one end of the housing is mounted on the lower side of one end of the first support plate, the other end of the housing is mounted on the upper end of the second support plate, the second valve block and the fourth valve block are sequentially mounted in the U-shaped groove of the valve body housing from top to bottom, the second valve block is located in the middle of the valve body housing, and the fourth valve block is located at the lower end of the valve body housing and close to the lower end face; the two guide rails are respectively arranged on the two opening end surfaces on the valve body shell; as shown in fig. 16, a driving sliding groove is formed on one surface of the amplitude valve body, and two valve body sliding grooves are symmetrically formed on two surfaces adjacent to the surface on which the driving sliding groove is formed; the first valve block and the third valve block are sequentially arranged on the non-grooved surface of the amplitude valve body from top to bottom, the upper end surface of the first valve block is aligned with the upper end surface of the amplitude valve body, and the distance from the lower end surface of the third valve block to the lower end surface of the amplitude valve body is greater than the length of the third valve block; as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the valve body chute is in sliding fit with the guide rail; the driving sliding block is arranged on the second drill rod spring support and slides in the driving sliding chute, and the limiting block is arranged in the middle lower position of the driving sliding chute; valve body spring one end is installed terminal surface under the range valve body, and the other end is installed in third backup pad upside. The lower end face of the first valve block and the upper end face of the second valve block form a first hydraulic through cavity, and the third valve block and the fourth valve block form a second hydraulic through cavity; in the process that the amplitude valve body slides up and down in the valve body shell, when the first valve block is contacted with the first supporting plate, the side walls of the first hydraulic through cavity and the second hydraulic through cavity at the moment are respectively provided with two hydraulic holes, and the two hydraulic holes are distributed on two sides of the second valve block in pairs.
The hydraulic control valve is connected with the hydraulic pump through a hydraulic pipe.
The drill rod guide block is arranged on the drill rod in a welding mode.
Any two hydraulic holes on one side of the second valve block in the four hydraulic holes are a hydraulic oil inlet, and the other hydraulic hole is a hydraulic oil outlet.
As shown in fig. 4, the above-mentioned rotary pair includes a support lug, a cylindrical pin and a connecting block, wherein two support lugs are installed on the connecting block in parallel, the cylindrical pin is installed on the support lug, the connecting block is installed at the top end of the driving rod, and the rocker is installed on the cylindrical pin.
As shown in fig. 10, the first and second outer side plates are further provided with mounting holes.
In summary, the drill rod is arranged in the drill rod sleeve through the sliding fit of the drill rod guide block and the drill rod sleeve sliding hole, the drill rod spring is arranged on the guide block, and the drill rod plays a role in resetting the drill rod when the drill rod is knocked to and fro; the impact hammer is driven by the hydraulic pump through the crank rocker mechanism to periodically impact the drill rod, so that the drill rod can crush objects. The hydraulic control valve controlled by the drill rod is added in the mechanism design, so that opening and closing of the hydraulic pump are controlled, the design has the advantages that only after the drill rod exerts certain force on an object, the drill rod retracts inwards, the oil way is opened, the rapping mechanism is started, and the rapping mechanism stops rapping immediately as long as the drill rod leaves the object, so that the phenomenon of idle rapping of the drill rod is prevented, and the service life of the drill rod is prolonged.
To the hydraulic control valve of drill rod control, sheathe in at the drill rod through first backup pad, second backup pad and third backup pad install the valve body shell, install the range valve body on the valve body shell, install the valve body spring between range valve body and the third backup pad, the valve body spring is compression spring, the cooperation that the range valve body passes through guide rail and valve body spout slides in the U type groove of valve body shell, because the valve body spring has very big pretightning force, stopper on the range valve body can contact with the drive slider, and when the drive slider shifts up, the stopper still can be under the valve body spring effect, along with drive slider rebound, can't guarantee the stopper and the drive slider contact of rebound up to the pretightning force of valve body spring. The specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows: when the breaking hammer is not used, the drill rod is in a natural state under the action of the self gravity and the upward thrust of the drill rod spring and the limiting block; meanwhile, the amplitude valve body is kept at a certain position under the action of upward pressure of a valve body spring, self gravity and downward pressure of the driving slide block, and at the moment, the mutual positions of the amplitude valve body and the valve body shell enable the hydraulic holes in the two hydraulic cavities to be in a closed state; when the quartering hammer during operation, the drill rod contacts with the object, after a certain power was applyed between drill rod and object to the mechanism of installation quartering hammer, the drill rod can withdraw certain distance to drill rod cover the inside, drives the drive slider rebound simultaneously, because valve body spring action range valve body and stopper move up along with the drive slider, after the certain distance that contracts in the drill rod, the hydraulic pressure hole in range valve body and the valve body shell is opened, the hydraulic line of the hydraulic pump in the mechanism of pounding of quartering hammer is opened, the hammer begins to work and beats the drill rod. After the drill rod is knocked, the drill rod is lifted through a mechanism provided with a breaking hammer, the drill rod extends outwards under the action of a drill rod spring and is restored to a natural state, meanwhile, a driving sliding block presses a limiting block to slide downwards under the restoring action of the drill rod spring, and meanwhile, an amplitude valve body is driven to slide downwards in a valve body shell, a hydraulic hole is closed, a hydraulic pump cuts off oil, and the knocking mechanism stops working.

Claims (5)

1. A breaking hammer is characterized by comprising a drill rod, a drill rod sleeve, a first drill rod spring support, a drill rod spring, a second drill rod spring support, a drill rod guide block, a drill rod sleeve sliding hole, a spring pin, a first impact hammer spring support, an impact hammer sliding groove, a driving rod guide rail, a driving rod limiting plate, an impact hammer spring pin, a second impact hammer spring support, a driving rod limiting block, an impact hammer protection spring, a driving rod guide rail groove, a driving rod limiting groove, a hydraulic pump, a crank fixing structure, a crank spring, a rocker rotating shaft, a rotating pair, a crank sliding block, a sliding block limiting ring, a first outer side plate, a second outer side plate, a side plate reinforcing rib, an impact hammer reciprocating spring, a hydraulic control valve, a side plate connecting plate and a rocker, wherein the rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump drives the crank to rotate around the rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump, and the rocker are matched with each other, the impact hammer moves along with the movement of the rocker, the impact hammer is installed in a drill rod sleeve, the drill rod is installed in the drill rod sleeve in a sliding mode, the impact hammer is driven by a hydraulic pump through a crank rocker mechanism to impact the drill rod periodically, a hydraulic control valve is installed on the drill rod sleeve, the hydraulic control valve is connected with the hydraulic pump through a hydraulic pipe, and the hydraulic control valve is controlled through the drill rod to further control the opening and closing of the hydraulic pump; the crank fixing structure is arranged on a rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump, one end of the crank is arranged on the crank fixing structure, the other end of the crank is provided with a slide block limiting ring, and the crank slide block slides on the crank; the crank spring is sleeved on the crank, one end of the crank spring is installed on the crank fixing structure, the other end of the crank spring is installed on the crank sliding block, the rocker rotating shaft is installed on the crank sliding block, one end of the rocker is installed on the rocker rotating shaft, and the other end of the rocker is installed on the rotating pair; the top ends of the driving rods are arranged at the bottom ends of the rotating pairs, the two driving rod guide rails are symmetrically arranged at the lower sides of the driving rods, the driving rod limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged at the lower sides of the driving rods, and the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod limiting blocks are perpendicular to the symmetric surfaces of the two driving rod guide rails; the upper end face of the impact hammer is provided with a round hole, two driving rod guide rail grooves and two driving rod limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the round hole, and the symmetrical surfaces of the two driving rod guide rail grooves are perpendicular to the symmetrical surfaces of the two driving rod limiting grooves; the bottom end of the driving rod is arranged in the circular hole of the impact hammer, the driving rod guide rail is matched with the driving rod guide rail groove, and the driving rod limiting block is matched with the driving rod limiting groove; the driving rod limiting plate is arranged at the top end of the impact hammer, and a notch matched with the driving rod guide rail is formed in the driving rod limiting plate; the two second impact hammer spring supports are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the impact hammer, and each second impact hammer spring support is provided with an impact hammer spring pin; the impact hammer protection spring is arranged in the impact hammer round hole, one end of the impact hammer protection spring is connected with the bottom end of the driving rod, and the other end of the impact hammer protection spring is connected with the bottom end of the impact hammer round hole; the drill rod sleeve is symmetrically provided with two impact hammer chutes at the upper side, two second impact hammer spring supports are respectively in sliding fit with the two impact hammer chutes, and the two first impact hammer spring supports are symmetrically arranged at the upper side of the drill rod sleeve; the two first impact hammer spring supports and the two second impact hammer spring supports correspond to each other in pairs respectively, in each correspondence, one end of an impact hammer reciprocating spring is installed on the second impact hammer spring support through an impact hammer spring pin, and the other end of the impact hammer reciprocating spring is installed on the first impact hammer spring support through the impact hammer spring pin; a drill rod sleeve sliding hole is formed in the drill rod sleeve at a lower position and penetrates through the whole drill rod sleeve, two first drill rod spring supports are symmetrically arranged on the drill rod sleeve and positioned on the upper side of the drill rod sleeve sliding hole, two drill rod guide blocks are symmetrically arranged in the middle of a drill rod, a second drill rod spring support is respectively arranged on the two drill rod guide blocks, and the drill rod guide blocks are matched with the drill rod sleeve sliding hole; one end of the drill rod spring is arranged on the first drill rod spring support through a spring pin, and the other end of the drill rod spring is arranged on the second drill rod spring support through a spring pin; the hydraulic control valve is arranged at a drill rod sleeve sliding hole on the drill rod sleeve;
the hydraulic control valve comprises a driving slide block, a limiting block, a guide rail, a first supporting plate, an amplitude valve body, a first valve block, a hydraulic hole, a second valve block, a third valve block, a fourth valve block, a second supporting plate, a driving sliding groove, a valve body shell, a third supporting plate and a valve body spring, wherein the first supporting plate and the third supporting plate are arranged on the drill rod sleeve in parallel from top to bottom, and the second supporting plate is vertically arranged on the third supporting plate; the valve body shell is a shell with a U-shaped section, one end of the valve body shell is arranged at the lower side of one end of the first supporting plate, the other end of the valve body shell is arranged at the upper end of the second supporting plate, the second valve block and the fourth valve block are sequentially arranged in a U-shaped groove of the valve body shell from top to bottom, the second valve block is positioned in the middle of the valve body shell, and the fourth valve block is positioned at the lower end of the valve body shell and close to; the two guide rails are respectively arranged on the two opening end surfaces on the valve body shell; one surface of the amplitude valve body is provided with a driving sliding chute, and two surfaces adjacent to the surface provided with the driving sliding chute are symmetrically provided with two valve body sliding chutes; the first valve block and the third valve block are sequentially arranged on the non-grooved surface of the amplitude valve body from top to bottom, the upper end surface of the first valve block is aligned with the upper end surface of the amplitude valve body, and the distance from the lower end surface of the third valve block to the lower end surface of the amplitude valve body is greater than the length of the third valve block; the valve body sliding groove is in sliding fit with the guide rail; the driving sliding block is arranged on the second drill rod spring support and slides in the driving sliding chute, and the limiting block is arranged in the middle lower position of the driving sliding chute; one end of the valve body spring is arranged on the lower end face of the amplitude valve body, the other end of the valve body spring is arranged on the upper side of the third supporting plate, the lower end face of the first valve block and the upper end face of the second valve block form a first hydraulic through cavity, and the third valve block and the fourth valve block form a second hydraulic through cavity; in the process that the amplitude valve body slides up and down in the valve body shell, when the first valve block is contacted with the first supporting plate, the side walls of the first hydraulic through cavity and the second hydraulic through cavity at the moment are respectively provided with two hydraulic holes, and the two hydraulic holes are distributed on two sides of the second valve block in pairs.
2. A demolition hammer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the shank guide is attached to the shank by welding.
3. The demolition hammer according to claim 1 wherein any two hydraulic ports on one side of the second valve block of the four hydraulic ports are one hydraulic oil inlet port and the other hydraulic oil outlet port.
4. The demolition hammer as claimed in claim 1 wherein the rotary pair includes a lug, a pin, and a connecting block, wherein the two lugs are mounted side by side on the connecting block, the pin is mounted on the lug, the connecting block is mounted on the top end of the driving rod, and the rocker is mounted on the pin.
5. The demolition hammer of claim 4 wherein the demolition hammer further comprises: the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate are symmetrically arranged together through a plurality of side plate reinforcing ribs, and the side plate connecting plate is also arranged between the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate; the hydraulic pump is arranged on the outer side of the second outer side plate, the rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump penetrates through the second outer side plate, the drill rod sleeve is arranged between the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate, and the first outer side plate and the second outer side plate are also provided with mounting holes.
CN201711319024.3A 2016-05-31 2016-05-31 Breaking hammer Active CN108166367B (en)

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CN201610377868.2A CN106012787B (en) 2016-05-31 2016-05-31 A kind of drill steel based on hydraulic valve control triggers quartering hammer
CN201711319024.3A CN108166367B (en) 2016-05-31 2016-05-31 Breaking hammer

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