CN108009328A - The evaluation method that a kind of anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie freezes - Google Patents
The evaluation method that a kind of anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie freezes Download PDFInfo
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- CN108009328A CN108009328A CN201711183469.3A CN201711183469A CN108009328A CN 108009328 A CN108009328 A CN 108009328A CN 201711183469 A CN201711183469 A CN 201711183469A CN 108009328 A CN108009328 A CN 108009328A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the evaluation method that a kind of anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie freezes, comprise the following steps:1) high-speed train bogie region simplified model is established, infers bogie region accumulated snow ice forming locations;2) bullet train wind-tunnel subscale test is implemented;3) under numerical simulation wind and snow two-phase stream mode, in the accumulation situation in bogie region when simulation snowflake moves in air phase;4) movement of Analog Reasoning snowflake and accumulation situation, and according to numerical simulation and the anti-accumulated snow freezing effects of wind tunnel model test verification device.The present invention infers the position that bogie region accumulated snow freezes, then the accuracy calculated by wind-tunnel scale model test, verification Computerized Numerical Simulation, thus it is speculated that optimize the anti-accumulated snow effect of device by the preliminary simulation calculation in bogie region flow field.In the accumulation situation in bogie region when follow-up simulation snowflake moves in air phase, can quantify and visual purpose so that bogie region accumulated snow situation is reached.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway transportation equipment technical field, more particularly to a kind of high-speed train bogie regional control accumulated snow
The evaluation method of icing.
Background technology
Longtime running can all be perplexed in the bullet train of extremely frigid zones be subject to accumulated snow ice formation issues.Accumulated snow ice formation issues
Two kinds of situations that the accumulated snow being broadly divided on track and track switch freezes, the accumulated snow at bogie of car position freezes.Wherein it is deposited in and turns
Melt to the accumulated snow in frame region on heat generating components such as brake apparatus, freeze, cause to brake or alleviation action is failed, train is pacified
Row for the national games causes to seriously affect, and gently then train is forced fall-back or stoppage in transit, heavy then train may be caused the peace such as to derail, topple
Full accident.
The problem of freezing for high-speed train bogie accumulated snow, main research already present at present is for after icing
The research of de-icing method, there is physics deicing, mechanical deicing, chemical deicing, artificial de-icing method etc., rarely has from flow field characteristic angle
The origin cause of formation of the accumulated snow accumulation in bogie region is analyzed, and studies snowflake accumulation quantization, the method for visualization processing.To bullet train
The origin cause of formation and the two phase flow numerical simulation of main accumulated snow position ice condition that bogie region accumulated snow freezes mutually are tied with wind tunnel test
The research method of conjunction does not have application, and lacks verification foundation.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are:By existing Computerized Numerical Simulation technology, with reference to wind-tunnel contracting ratio
Model experiment, analysis discuss the characteristic in bogie region flow field, and the movement and accumulation situation, proposition for inferring snow particle are directed to car body
The device to freeze with the anti-accumulated snow of bogie, and by numerical simulation and the anti-accumulated snow icing effect of wind tunnel model test verification device
Fruit.
To achieve the above object, the invention discloses the evaluation method that a kind of anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie freezes, bag
Include following steps:
1) high-speed train bogie region simplified model is established, numerical simulation bogie region is flowed under net wind field pattern
, Computerized Numerical Simulation is drawn as a result, inferring bogie region accumulated snow ice forming locations;
2) implement bullet train wind-tunnel subscale test, verify the Computerized Numerical Simulation result under net wind field pattern;
3) under numerical simulation wind and snow two-phase stream mode, simulation snowflake is accumulated when being moved in air phase in bogie region
Situation;
4) movement of Analog Reasoning snowflake and accumulation situation, propose the dress to freeze for the anti-accumulated snow of car body and bogie
Put, and according to numerical simulation and the anti-accumulated snow freezing effects of wind tunnel model test verification device.
Further, in the numerical simulation calculating and wind tunnel model test, the simplified model of use is 1:2 or 1:4
Big pantograph ratio model.
Further, the simplified model need to pass through CAD software and simplify laggard line number value simulation calculation and wind tunnel model
Manufacture.
Further, in the step 1), including:
11) establish computational domain and whole computational domain is subjected to discretization;
12) grid will be obtained after discretization and throws into CFD software for calculation bogie when simulating high and cold EMU actual motion
The flow field in region;
13) aerodynamic parameter such as suitable boundary condition parameter, monitoring pressure, speed is selected, stops meter after residual error convergence
Calculate;
14) by the poster processing soft, rough estimates numerical value simulation result, and analyze what bogie region accumulated snow froze
The origin cause of formation, thus it is speculated that possible accumulation position and the order of severity.
Further, including:
31) two phase flow research is carried out using Discrete Phase Model, is set with step 13) after parameter and numerical value simulation calculation
Based on cas files before, the parameter that addition is used for simulating snowflake is calculated;
32) the track animation of generation snow particle in being studied according to Discrete Phase Model, can be intuitive to see the snowflake of simulation
Motion conditions, position and the order of severity that accumulated snow freezes occur for analysis bogie region;
33) result of calculation of two phase flow numerical simulation is handled in the poster processing soft, obtains bogie region snow particle
Accumulate concentration contour surface figure, quantitative analysis bogie region snowpack.
Further, the simplified model eliminates car body top, front side, rear section.
Further, the test section of the wind tunnel test be long 15m, width 3m, high 3m, net sectional area 6m2High speed
Experimental section, its underpart are mounted with the floor of trapped orbit, and the front and rear edges on the floor are processed into streamlined, the floor level
Apart from wind-tunnel ground 1m.
Further, the floor both sides are mounted with headlamp.
Further, bogie region streamline distribution is shown in wind tunnel test using tuft method, in vehicle bottom and mould
The black threads battle array of setting is connected between plan floor, is three red silk threads on every black threads, the red silk thread is grown
Spend for 15cm.
Further, the DPM models carry out simulation calculation in Fluent softwares, and velocity pressure coupling uses
SIMPLEC forms, it is 100kg/m to choose snow particle density3, snow particle diameter, which uses, to be uniformly distributed as 0.15mm, train operation
Speed is 200km/h, and iteration duration is set to 2s, iteration 2000 times, time step 0.001s.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that:
Numerical simulation calculating and wind-tunnel scale model test are combined, pass through the preliminary emulation meter in bogie region flow field
Calculate, infer the position that bogie region accumulated snow freezes, then calculate by wind-tunnel scale model test, verification Computerized Numerical Simulation
Accuracy, thus it is speculated that optimize the anti-accumulated snow effect of device.Follow-up discrete phase research simulation wind and snow two phase flow, simulation snowflake is in sky
In the accumulation situation in bogie region when being moved in gas phase, so that bogie region accumulated snow situation reaches and can quantify and visually
Purpose.
Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
The attached drawing for forming the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is high-speed train bogie regional model schematic diagram unreduced disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that bogie region snowflake is accumulated under numerical simulation wind and snow two-phase stream mode disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that wind tunnel laboratory disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention sets schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is wind tunnel experiment tuft method test schematic diagram disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that numerical simulation computational domain disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention sets schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention can be defined by the claims
Implement with the multitude of different ways of covering.
The invention discloses the evaluation method that a kind of anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie freezes, comprise the following steps:
1) high-speed train bogie region simplified model is established, numerical simulation bogie region is flowed under net wind field pattern
, Computerized Numerical Simulation is drawn as a result, inferring bogie region accumulated snow ice forming locations;
2) implement bullet train wind-tunnel subscale test, verify the Computerized Numerical Simulation result under net wind field pattern;
3) under numerical simulation wind and snow two-phase stream mode, simulation snowflake is accumulated when being moved in air phase in bogie region
Situation;
4) infer movement and the accumulation situation of snowflake, propose the device to freeze for the anti-accumulated snow of car body and bogie, and
According to numerical simulation and the anti-accumulated snow freezing effects of wind tunnel model test verification device.
In the present embodiment, the simplified model that numerical simulation calculating and wind tunnel model test use is 1:2 or 1:4 it is big
(the present embodiment model uses 1 to pantograph ratio model:2 ratio), wherein, simplified model need to pass through CAD software and simplify laggard line number
It is worth the manufacture of simulation calculation and wind tunnel model.Relative in fields such as aerospace, automobile makings, wind tunnel test is usually carried out
Simplified model uses 1:8、1:The model of the 16 smaller pantograph ratios of grade, the present embodiment Computerized Numerical Simulation use larger in calculating
, simplified model close to real ratio, its result is closer to truth;Meanwhile using the model close to actual proportions
To manufacture the model for wind tunnel model test, it can more clearly from observe, record bogie region flow field characteristic, be conducive to
Compared and analyzed with numerical simulation result of calculation.Wherein, an area end of the present embodiment selection bogie, including car body,
Bogie, rail portion, to carry out wind tunnel test and meeting wind tunnel test methods, by model simplification, unreduced model such as Fig. 1,
And the model after simplifying is as shown in Figure 2.The foundation of model simplification mainly includes:The parts of bogie are in accumulated snow ice formation issues
Criticality, the complexity etc. of bogie part structure.Simplify the contour structures of important spare part by appropriateness, delete
It is unrelated with bogie accumulated snow ice formation issues and do not influence the parts of bogie shape integrality.Model after simplification, on the one hand
The computing resource of computer is saved, reduces the difficulty of discretization, on the other hand reduces the manufacture difficulty of wind-tunnel subscale test model
And the time.As can be seen that the model after simplifying has pruned original car body top, front side, rear section.
In the present embodiment, the numerical value emulation method in step 1), mainly comprising two large divisions:A part is bogie area
The numerical simulation of domain Field Characteristics calculates.Including:
11) establish computational domain (referring to Fig. 4) and whole computational domain is subjected to discretization;
12) turned to when throwing into CFD software for calculation by the grid obtained after discretization and simulate high and cold EMU actual motion
The flow field in frame region;
13) aerodynamic parameter such as suitable boundary condition parameter, monitoring pressure, speed is selected, stops meter after residual error convergence
Calculate;
14) by the poster processing soft, rough estimates numerical value simulation result, and analyze what bogie region accumulated snow froze
The origin cause of formation, thus it is speculated that possible accumulation position and the order of severity.
And another part is to use Discrete Phase Model (DPM), snowflake (the second phase) and air (the first phase) two-phase are carried out
Coupling calculates, and (as shown in Figure 3) is studied for bogie region two phase flow.Including:
31) two phase flow research is carried out using Discrete Phase Model, is set with step 13) after parameter and numerical value simulation calculation
Based on cas files before, the parameter that addition is used for simulating snowflake is calculated;
32) the track animation of generation snow particle in being studied according to Discrete Phase Model, can be intuitive to see the snowflake of simulation
Motion conditions, position and the order of severity that accumulated snow freezes occur for analysis bogie region;
33) result of calculation of two phase flow numerical simulation is handled in the poster processing soft, obtains bogie region snow particle
Accumulate concentration contour surface figure, quantitative analysis bogie region snowpack.
In the present embodiment, wind tunnel model test, main purpose in the pressure in numerical simulation result of calculation is verified and
Speed, identification optimizing scheme for bogie region flow field improvement result, wherein, the test section of wind tunnel test is long 15m, width
3m, high 3m, experiment are 6m with net sectional area2High velocity experiments section, its underpart is mounted with the floor of trapped orbit, before floor,
Trailing edge is processed into streamlined, interference to air-flow is reduced with this, to avoid blocked up boundary-layer to train bottom and bogie area
The flow field in domain produces harmful effect, and floor level is apart from wind-tunnel ground 1m, to reduce the influence of floor boundary-layer.Show for clarity
Show bogie region streamline feature, headlamp is mounted with floor both sides.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, showing bogie region streamline distribution in wind tunnel test using tuft method,
Connection sets 3x3 black threads battle arrays between vehicle bottom and simulation floor, is three red silk threads on every black threads,
Red wire length is 15cm.
In the present embodiment, net Numerical Simulation of Wind uses both sides' journey transient state Realizable k- ε turbulence models, according to
Pressure distribution in pressure cloud atlas in numerical simulation result, in velocity profile figure air flow direction, flow velocity and whirlpool formation, in advance
Survey the possible accumulated snow position in bogie region;Combined again with actual conditions, judge bogie areal pressure concentrate wheel to, electricity
Accumulated at the windward sides and lower surface and bogie equipment cabin end plate of parts such as machine, gear cover, braking clamp for accumulated snow
Critical regions.
In the present embodiment, DPM models carry out simulation calculation in Fluent softwares, and velocity pressure coupling uses SIMPLEC
Form, it is 100kg/m to choose snow particle density3, snow particle diameter, which uses, to be uniformly distributed as 0.15mm, and train running speed is
200km/h, iteration duration are set to 2s, iteration 2000 times, time step 0.001s.
In the present embodiment, the accumulated snow ice condition in whole bogie section is between all seizure and all reflects it
Between, specific computational domain boundary condition is set and component condition is set as shown in table 1,2 (concrete model is referring to Fig. 5):
1 boundary condition of table is set
2 component condition of table is set
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the evaluation method that a kind of anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie freezes, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) high-speed train bogie region simplified model is established, numerical simulation bogie region flow field, obtains under net wind field pattern
Go out Computerized Numerical Simulation as a result, inferring bogie region accumulated snow ice forming locations;
2) implement bullet train wind-tunnel subscale test, verify the Computerized Numerical Simulation result under net wind field pattern;
3) under numerical simulation wind and snow two-phase stream mode, feelings are accumulated in bogie region when simulation snowflake moves in air phase
Condition;
4) movement of Analog Reasoning snowflake and accumulation situation, propose the device to freeze for the anti-accumulated snow of car body and bogie, and
According to numerical simulation and the anti-accumulated snow freezing effects of wind tunnel model test verification device.
2. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 1 freezes, it is characterised in that the number
It is worth in simulation calculation and wind tunnel model test, the simplified model of use is 1:2 or 1:4 big pantograph ratio model.
3. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 2 freezes, it is characterised in that the letter
The manufacture that CAD software simplifies laggard line number value simulation calculation and wind tunnel model need to be passed through by changing model.
4. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 1 freezes, it is characterised in that the step
It is rapid 1) in, including:
11) establish computational domain and whole computational domain is subjected to discretization;
12) grid obtained after discretization is thrown into CFD software for calculation to bogie area when simulating high and cold EMU actual motion
The flow field in domain;
13) suitable boundary condition parameter is selected, monitoring pressure, speed pneumatic force parameter, stop calculating after residual error convergence;
14) by the poster processing soft, rough estimates numerical value simulation result, and analyze that bogie region accumulated snow freezes into
Cause, thus it is speculated that possible accumulation position and the order of severity.
5. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 4 freezes, it is characterised in that including:
31) two phase flow research is carried out using Discrete Phase Model, parameter is set afterwards and before numerical value simulation calculation with step 13)
Cas files based on, addition, which is used for simulating the parameter of snowflake, to be calculated;
32) the track animation of generation snow particle in being studied according to Discrete Phase Model, can be intuitive to see the fortune of the snowflake of simulation
Position and the order of severity that accumulated snow freezes occur for emotionally condition, analysis bogie region;
33) result of calculation of two phase flow numerical simulation is handled in the poster processing soft, obtains bogie region snow build-up of particles
Concentration contour surface figure, quantitative analysis bogie region snowpack.
6. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 3 freezes, it is characterised in that the letter
Change model and eliminate car body top, front side, rear section.
7. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 1 or 2 freezes, it is characterised in that institute
The test section for stating wind tunnel test is long 15m, width 3m, high 3m, experiment with net sectional area are 6m2High velocity experiments section, its underpart
It is mounted with the floor of trapped orbit, the front and rear edges on the floor are processed into streamlined, and the floor level is apart from wind-tunnel ground
1m。
8. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 7 freezes, it is characterised in that describedly
Plate both sides are mounted with headlamp.
9. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 7 freezes, it is characterised in that using silk
Collimation method shows the streamline flow direction distribution of bogie region in wind tunnel test, and connection setting is black between vehicle bottom and simulation floor
Color silk thread battle array, is three red silk threads on every black threads, the red wire length is 15cm.
10. the evaluation method that the anti-accumulated snow of high-speed train bogie according to claim 5 freezes, it is characterised in that described
DPM models carry out simulation calculation in Fluent softwares, and velocity pressure coupling uses SIMPLEC forms, chooses snow particle density
For 100kg/m3, snow particle diameter, which uses, to be uniformly distributed as 0.15mm, and train running speed 200km/h, iteration duration is set to
2s, iteration 2000 times, time step 0.001s.
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