CN107880174B

CN107880174B - Catalyst component for olefin polymerization and preparation and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN107880174B
Application number: CN201610874107.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王世波; 周俊领; 刘东兵; 张磊; 吕新平; 黄廷杰; 周歆; 张长礼; 邢宝泉
Original assignee: Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry; China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Current assignee: Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry; China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Priority date: 2016-09-30
Filing date: 2016-09-30
Publication date: 2020-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2036-09-30
Also published as: CN107880174A

Abstract

The invention relates to a catalyst component for olefin polymerization, a preparation method thereof, a catalyst containing the catalyst component and application of the catalyst. The catalyst component is a reaction product comprising at least one organomagnesium compound, at least one titanium-containing compound, at least one hydroxyl-containing compound, at least one chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound, and at least one additive; wherein the additive is a polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer. The catalyst provided by the invention not only has high catalytic activity, good hydrogen regulation sensitivity of the catalyst and high bulk density of the obtained polymer, but also has good particle shape and distribution, thereby being more beneficial to the use of the catalyst on polymerization process devices such as gas phase, slurry and the like.

Description

Catalyst component for olefin polymerization and preparation and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst components and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a catalyst component for olefin polymerization and preparation and application thereof.

Background

Since the successful development of efficient polyolefin catalysts in the 70's of the 20 th century, the world's polyolefin industry has changed dramatically. In recent 20 years, with the development of olefin polymerization processes, catalysts compatible with the polymerization processes have been advanced greatly, and high-efficiency catalysts still occupy an important position in the field of polyolefin catalysts due to their excellent polymerization performance and mature application technology. Through research and research for many years, the preparation method of the Mg-Ti series high-efficiency catalyst is developed to a chemical reaction method from a co-grinding method and a suspension impregnation method.

In chemical reaction processes, numerous invention patents are directed to the use of organometallic magnesium compounds, chlorinating agents and transition metal titanium compounds, among other chemical starting materials, with which a number of different types of catalysts have been prepared, which are disclosed in chinese patents CN1158136, CN1299375, CN1795213 and in US patents US3787384, US4148754, US4173547, US4301029, US4508843, US4921920 and US 5124296. In this type of Mg-Ti catalyst, there is a fatal disadvantage in that it is difficult to control the forming step, and thus, the morphology of the prepared catalyst particles. A recent development has been to improve the particle morphology of the resulting catalyst by adding emulsifier-like substances to a dispersion of the catalyst precursor comprising a magnesium/titanium compound to form an emulsion and then reacting to precipitate the catalyst particles, such as perfluoropolyethers as used in EP0258089A to Montedison and perfluorooctanes as used in CN 1537118A. However, these methods have complicated forming steps and are difficult to control, the morphology of the catalyst particles obtained is also difficult to control, and the materials used are expensive and difficult to obtain.

Despite the considerable research efforts in the field of ziegler-natta catalysts, there is still a need for new or improved processes for the preparation of higher performance ziegler-natta catalysts. Therefore, there is a problem that research and development of a catalyst having a simple preparation method, a good particle morphology, a high catalytic activity and a high hydrogen response is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a catalyst component for olefin polymerization, and its preparation and application, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The present inventors have conducted extensive and intensive experimental studies in the technical fields of olefin polymerization catalyst components and preparation and application thereof, and have found that the use of an additive, polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer, in the preparation of a catalyst component for olefin polymerization, not only allows the particles of the corresponding catalyst component to be more uniform, but also allows better control of the particle size and morphology of the olefin polymerization product, and the corresponding catalyst to have high catalytic activity and hydrogen response.

To this end, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a catalyst component for olefin polymerization, which is a reaction product comprising at least one organomagnesium compound, at least one titanium-containing compound, at least one hydroxyl-containing compound, at least one chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound, and at least one additive;

wherein the additive is a polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer.

According to the invention, the organomagnesium compound is MgR of the general formula (I)¹ _nCl_2-nThe compound shown in the general formula (I), R¹Is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₂₀C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₂₀N is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2. Preferably, the organomagnesium compound includes one or more of di-n-butylmagnesium, diisobutylgagnesium, dioctylmagnesium, butylmagnesium, ethylmagnesium chloride, and butylmagnesium chloride.

According to the invention, the titanium-containing compound is of the general formula (II) Ti (OR)²)_mCl_4-mA compound represented by the general formula (II) wherein R²Is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₂₀C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₂₀M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4; m-4 or m-0 is preferred because tetravalent titanium compounds are generally liquid at ordinary temperature and have good compatibility with some solvents. Preferably, the titanium-containing compound comprises titanium tetrachloride, tetraethyl titanate and tetratitanateOne or more of butyl esters; more preferably, the titanium-containing compound is titanium tetrachloride.

According to the invention, the hydroxyl-containing compound is HOR of the general formula (III)³A compound represented by the general formula (III) wherein R³Is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₂₀C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₂₀A hydrocarbon group of (1). Preferably, the hydroxyl-containing compound comprises aliphatic alcohol and/or aromatic alcohol; more preferably, the hydroxyl group-containing compound includes one or more of n-butanol, n-hexanol, isooctanol, benzyl alcohol, and phenethyl alcohol.

According to the invention, the chlorine-containing organic aluminum compound is AlR with a general formula (IV)⁴ _pCl_3-pThe compound of the formula (IV) wherein R is⁴Is C₂-C₂₀Is preferably a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₆C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₆A hydrocarbon group of (a); p is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 2.5. Preferably, the chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound comprises one or more of ethylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, diethylaluminum chloride and isobutylaluminum dichloride; more preferably, the chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound includes ethylaluminum dichloride and/or isobutylaluminum dichloride.

According to the invention, the additive polystyrene block polyisobutylene (PS-b-PIB) based polymer comprises di-and tri-blocks and derivatives thereof; preferably, the block type of the polystyrene block polyisobutylene-based polymer is optionally in linear, branched, or star form. The branched forms include comb and dendritic forms. The content of polyisobutylene in the polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer is 10 wt% -95 wt%, preferably 20 wt% -90 wt%, and more preferably 23 wt% -72 wt%.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a catalyst component according to the first aspect of the present invention, which comprises:

a, reacting an organic magnesium compound with a hydroxyl-containing compound to obtain a transparent solution;

step B, dispersing the additive in the step C₄-C₂₀Of alkanes orC₆-C₂₀Forming a solution in the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, and reacting the solution with the transparent solution obtained in the step A to obtain a mixed solution;

and step C, adding chlorine-containing organic aluminum compound and titanium-containing compound into the mixed solution obtained in the step B in sequence to obtain catalyst component suspension, and recovering solid particles in the catalyst component suspension to obtain the catalyst component.

According to the process of the present invention, the titanium-containing compound is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 10 moles, the hydroxyl-containing compound is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 20 moles, the chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 50 moles, and the concentration of the additive in the reaction system is 0.001 to 100 g/L per mole of the organomagnesium compound. Preferably, the titanium-containing compound is 0.05 to 5 moles, the hydroxyl-containing compound is 0.2 to 10 moles, the chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound is 0.5 to 20 moles, and the concentration of the additive in the reaction system is 0.01 to 50 g/L.

According to the process of the invention, it is generally advantageous to choose the reaction temperature of the organomagnesium compound and the hydroxyl group-containing compound in step A to be carried out at a relatively high temperature, preferably below the boiling temperature of the reactants, which is generally not higher than 90 ℃ and generally not higher than 70 ℃. The reaction time depends on the nature of the reactants and the operating conditions, and the time required is generally from 5 minutes to 2 hours, preferably from 10 minutes to 1 hour. After the reaction of the organomagnesium compound and the hydroxyl group-containing compound, the resulting solution can be used in admixture with an inert diluent, which is generally selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as isobutane, pentane, hexane, heptane or cyclohexane and mixtures thereof, hexane or heptane being generally suitable inert solvents.

According to the process of the invention, in step B, the additive is dispersed in C₄-C₂₀Alkane or C₆-C₂₀Preferably, the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of (a) is dispersed in hexane, heptane or toluene or a mixture solvent thereof to form a solution, and then sufficiently mixed with the transparent solution obtained in step (a) to obtain a mixed solution. Depending on the nature and nature of the additive, C₄-C₂₀Alkane or C₆-C₂₀The prepared concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon solution is controlled to be 0.1-100 g/L, preferably 1-50 gThe amount added is such that the concentration of the additive in the reaction system is from 0.001 to 100 g/l, preferably from 0.01 to 50 g/l. The mixing temperature is generally below the boiling point of the system and is generally chosen, for convenience, between 0 and 90 c, preferably between 10 and 50 c. The mixing time of the two is generally selected from 0.5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably from 10 minutes to 1 hour.

According to the method of the invention, in the step C, the uniform mixing of all the substances is rapidly completed at a certain temperature, firstly, the solution system obtained in the first two steps is reduced to a certain temperature, at which the solution still keeps clear and transparent and does not cause turbidity or precipitation, the temperature can be controlled between-90 ℃ and 30 ℃, preferably between-70 ℃ and 0 ℃, then the chlorine-containing organic aluminum compound and the titanium-containing compound are gradually and gradually added, the full stirring is usually carried out during the adding process to facilitate the full mixing of the various substances, and the adding speed is usually selected based on no obvious reaction or obvious temperature rise of the system. After thorough mixing, the temperature can be raised by any known suitable method, such as slow, gradual, rapid or programmed temperature raising, and different temperature raising methods can be used to obtain catalysts with different performance characteristics. During the temperature rise, the system changes from clear to turbid and precipitates, and in the precipitation reaction step, the reaction time of the precipitation step should be long enough to obtain complete precipitation, and the reaction time can last from 1 minute to 10 hours, preferably from 3 minutes to 5 hours.

It has been found that the aging treatment after the precipitation step at a certain temperature for a certain period of time is advantageous for the particle shape of the catalyst, and it can improve the strength of the catalyst particles, thereby reducing the particle breakage of the catalyst during the polymerization. The temperature of the aging treatment is generally equal to or higher than the final temperature of the precipitation reaction, and the time of the aging reaction may be controlled to 0.5 to 10 hours, preferably 1 to 5 hours.

After the maturation, washing is generally carried out to remove excess reactants and by-products formed during the preparation, any inert solvent can be used for this washing step, for example isobutane, pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, toluene or various aromatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof can be chosen, and in the experiments it was generally chosen to wash twice with toluene and then thoroughly with hexane. After washing, the catalyst suspension was dried under nitrogen to obtain a catalyst powder.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a catalyst for homo-or co-polymerisation of olefins comprising a catalyst component according to the first aspect of the present invention or prepared by a process according to the second aspect of the present invention, and at least one AlR of formula (V)⁵ _hX_3-hAn organoaluminum compound represented by the general formula (V) wherein R⁵Are identical or different C₁-C₈X is halogen, and h is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3. Preferably the organoaluminium compound comprises triethylaluminium (AlEt)₃) Triisobutylaluminum (Al (iso-Bu)₃) Tri-n-hexylaluminum (Al (n-C)₆H₁₃)₃) Tri-n-octylaluminum (Al (n-C)₈H₁₇)₃) And diethylaluminum chloride (AlEt)₂Cl).

The catalysts of the present invention may be used in a manner well known in the art for olefin polymerization Ziegler-Natta catalysts, such as with another cocatalyst or electron donor, and the catalysts of the present invention may also be used in combination with one or more Ziegler-Natta catalysts or non-Ziegler-Natta catalysts.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a catalyst component according to the first aspect of the present invention, a catalyst component prepared according to the method of the second aspect of the present invention or a catalyst according to the third aspect of the present invention for use in the homopolymerization or copolymerization of olefins.

The catalyst components and catalysts of the present invention are suitable for use in any olefin that can undergo coordination polymerization, including homopolymerization of one olefin or copolymerization of multiple olefins, preferably the olefin comprises α -olefin such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, or a mixture of ethylene, propylene, butylene and one or more α -olefin(s)₂-C₁₂Olefins, preferably C₄-C₁₀Olefins, such as 1-butene, isobutene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-Octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, and 4-methyl-1-pentene, dienes such as butadiene, 1, 4-hexadiene, and 1, 7-octadiene, cycloalkenes such as norbornene, and any mixtures thereof.

The catalyst of the present invention may be polymerized in one or more polymerization reactors by conventional polymerization techniques, either gas phase, slurry or bulk polymerization, which may be a batch or continuous polymerization process.

For slurry or bulk reactors, the reaction temperature is generally in the range of 40 to 130 ℃, preferably 60 to 110 ℃; the reactor pressure is generally between 0.2 and 8MPa, preferably between 1 and 6 MPa; the residence time is generally from 0.2 to 6 hours, preferably from 0.5 to 3 hours. Aliphatic hydrocarbons having a boiling point in the range from-70 to 100 ℃ are generally selected for use as diluents; if desired, the polymerization can be carried out under supercritical conditions.

For gas phase reactors, the reaction temperature is generally between 60 and 130 ℃ and preferably between 70 and 110 ℃; the reactor pressure is generally between 0.5 and 4MPa, preferably between 1 and 3 MPa; the residence time is generally from 0.5 to 10 hours, preferably from 1 to 8 hours. If desired, the polymerization can be carried out under condensed conditions by using an appropriate aliphatic hydrocarbon as a diluent.

The amount of catalyst generally depends on the nature of the catalyst, the type of reactor and the operating conditions and the requirements placed on the properties of the polymerization product, and conventional amounts of catalyst may be used.

The catalyst of the invention has higher catalytic activity and better hydrogen regulation sensitivity, and the morphology of a polymerization product can better replicate the particle morphology of the catalyst, namely the so-called replication effect, so that the catalyst has excellent comprehensive performance.

Detailed Description

In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, the following detailed description of the invention is given by way of example only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The test method used in the present invention is as follows:

(1) the particle size distribution of the carrier and the catalyst adopts a MASTERSIZE particle size distribution instrument, n-hexane is used as a dispersing agent, and the measuring range is 0.02-2000 mu m.

(2) The relative weight percentages of metals (mainly titanium, magnesium) in the catalyst system were measured using plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP).

(3) The morphology of the catalyst as well as the polymer was measured using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

(4) Melt Index (MI)_2.16) Measured using ASTM-D1238.

(5) Bulk Density (BD) was determined using DIN-53194.

Examples

Example 1

Preparation of catalyst component: taking 30mL of hexane, 3.15mL of hexane solution (1M) of di-n-butylmagnesium and 1.0mL of isooctanol in sequence, heating to 50 ℃, maintaining stirring and reacting for half an hour to obtain a transparent solution, then adding 2mL of hexane solution (10g/L) of polystyrene and polyisobutylene diblock copolymer A (the content of polyisobutylene is 72 wt%), cooling to-50 ℃, adding 1.6mL of hexane solution (2M) of dichloroethylaluminum and 0.35mL of titanium tetrachloride in sequence, maintaining the reaction at low temperature for half an hour, naturally and slowly heating, heating to room temperature, maintaining the temperature at 50 ℃ and reacting for 2 hours. The catalyst suspension was cooled to room temperature, allowed to stand, settled, washed three times with 50mL of hexane each time, and after washing was completed, dried to obtain a brown solid flowable powder as a catalyst component, whose average particle diameter was measured to be 8.7 μm. Elemental analysis (ICP): 10.12 wt% of Ti and 14.57 wt% of Mg.

Evaluation of ethylene polymerization: 1L of hexane, 1mmol of triethylaluminum and a certain amount of catalyst components are added into a 2L stainless steel stirring kettle, then the temperature is increased to 80 ℃, 0.18MPa of hydrogen is added at a time, then the total pressure of the system is maintained at 0.73MPa by using ethylene for polymerization reaction, after 2 hours of reaction, the addition of ethylene is stopped, the temperature is reduced, the pressure is released, the polyethylene powder is weighed, the activity of the catalyst is calculated, and the bulk density and the melt index under the load of 2.16Kg of the polyethylene powder are tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2

The catalyst component was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that "2 mL of a hexane solution (10g/L) of a polystyrene polyisobutylene diblock copolymer A (having a polyisobutylene content of 72 wt%) was added" instead of "4 mL of a hexane solution (10g/L) of a polystyrene polyisobutylene diblock copolymer A (having a polyisobutylene content of 72 wt%) during the preparation of the catalyst component. The average particle diameter was found to be 5.47. mu.m. Elemental analysis (ICP): 9.25 wt% of Ti and 14.27 wt% of Mg.

The ethylene slurry polymerization evaluation method of the catalyst was the same as in example 1, and the polymerization results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3

The catalyst component was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that "polystyrene polyisobutylene diblock copolymer A (having a polyisobutylene content of 72 wt%)" was added during the preparation of the catalyst component and "polystyrene polyisobutylene diblock copolymer B (having a polyisobutylene content of 23 wt%)" was changed. The average particle diameter was found to be 4.9. mu.m. Elemental analysis (ICP): 9.74 wt% of Ti and 13.69 wt% of Mg.

Comparative example 1

The catalyst component was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that 2mL of a hexane solution (10g/L) of the polystyrene polyisobutylene diblock copolymer A (having a polyisobutylene content of 72% by weight) was not added during the preparation of the catalyst component. The average particle size was found to be 124.8. mu.m, the particle size distribution was broad, and a plurality of peaks were present. Elemental analysis (ICP): 11.36 wt% of Ti and 12.89 wt% of Mg.

Comparative example 2

The catalyst component was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that 2mL of a "hexane solution (10g/L) of a polystyrene-polyisobutylene diblock copolymer A (having a polyisobutylene content of 72 wt%) was added during the preparation of the catalyst component" was changed to "2 mL of a hexane solution (10g/L) of Kraton FG1901 (a polystyrene-polybutadiene triblock copolymer in which a polybutadiene content is 70 wt%). The average particle diameter was measured to be 15.6. mu.m. Elemental analysis (ICP): 11.04 wt% of Ti and 12.64 wt% of Mg.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from the experimental data of the examples and comparative examples in Table 1, the use of the polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer additive in the preparation of the catalyst component results in a catalyst and polymer having good particle morphology, high ethylene polymerization activity, a high bulk density of the polymer resin, and excellent catalyst integrity.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.

Claims

1. A catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins which is the reaction product comprising at least one organomagnesium compound, at least one titanium-containing compound, at least one hydroxyl-containing compound, at least one chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound, and at least one additive;

wherein the additive is a polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer, and the content of polyisobutylene in the polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer is 10 wt% -95 wt%;

the organic magnesium compound is MgR with a general formula (I)¹ _nCl_2-nThe compound shown in the general formula (I), R¹Is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₂₀C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₂₀N is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2;

the titanium-containing compound is Ti (OR) with a general formula (II)²)_mCl_4-mA compound represented by the general formula (II) wherein R²Is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₂₀C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₂₀M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4;

the hydroxyl-containing compound is HOR with a general formula (III)³A compound represented by the general formula (III) wherein R³Is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₂₀C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₂₀A hydrocarbon group of (a);

the chlorine-containing organic aluminum compound is AlR with a general formula (IV)⁴ _pCl_3-pThe compound of the formula (IV) wherein R is⁴Is C₂-C₂₀P is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 2.5.

2. The catalyst component according to claim 1 wherein the organomagnesium compound comprises one or more of di-n-butylmagnesium, di-isobutylmagnesium, dioctylmagnesium, butyloctylmagnesium, ethylmagnesium chloride, and butylmagnesium chloride.

3. The catalyst component of claim 1 wherein the titanium-containing compound comprises one or more of titanium tetrachloride, tetraethyl titanate, and tetrabutyl titanate.

4. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydroxyl-containing compound comprises an aliphatic alcohol and/or an aromatic alcohol.

5. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydroxyl-containing compound comprises one or more of n-butanol, n-hexanol, isooctanol, benzyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol.

6. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3 in which in formula (IV) R is⁴Is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C₂-C₆C of a hydrocarbon group or a cyclic chain₃-C₆A hydrocarbon group of (1).

7. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the chlorine containing organoaluminium compound comprises one or more of ethylaluminium dichloride, ethylaluminium sesquichloride, diethylaluminium chloride and isobutylaluminium dichloride.

8. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer comprises di-blocks and tri-blocks.

9. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the block type of the polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer is linear or branched.

10. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the block type of the polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer is in star with form.

11. The catalyst component according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the polyisobutylene content of the polystyrene block polyisobutylene polymer is 20 wt% to 90 wt%.

12. A process for the preparation of the catalyst component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which comprises:

step B, dispersing the additive in the step C₄-C₂₀Alkane or C₆-C₂₀In an aromatic hydrocarbon solventForming a solution, and reacting with the transparent solution obtained in the step A to obtain a mixed solution;

13. The production method according to claim 12, wherein the titanium-containing compound is 0.01 to 10 moles, the hydroxyl group-containing compound is 0.1 to 20 moles, the chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound is 0.1 to 50 moles, and the concentration of the additive in the reaction system is 0.001 to 100 g/L per mole of the organomagnesium compound.

14. The production method according to claim 12, wherein the titanium-containing compound is 0.05 to 5 moles, the hydroxyl group-containing compound is 0.2 to 10 moles, the chlorine-containing organoaluminum compound is 0.5 to 20 moles, and the concentration of the additive in the reaction system is 0.01 to 50 g/L, per mole of the organomagnesium compound.

15. A catalyst for the homopolymerization or copolymerization of olefins comprising the catalyst component according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or prepared by the process according to any one of claims 12 to 14, and at least one AlR of general formula (V)⁵ _hX_3-hAn organoaluminum compound represented by the general formula (V) wherein R⁵Are identical or different C₁-C₈X is halogen, and h is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3.

16. Use of a catalyst component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, a catalyst component prepared according to a process according to any one of claims 12 to 14 or a catalyst according to claim 15 in the homopolymerization or copolymerization of olefins.