CN106861712B - 用于苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的催化剂及其制备和用途 - Google Patents
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000640 hydroxylating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229960002163 hydrogen peroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HMOFNBVSHACSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].CC(C)=O Chemical compound [O].CC(C)=O HMOFNBVSHACSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[In](Cl)Cl PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 229910000608 Fe(NO3)3.9H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHPZKNULDCNCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium nitrate Inorganic materials [Ga+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CHPZKNULDCNCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RFXSFVVPCLGHAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;phenol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1 RFXSFVVPCLGHAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011964 heteropoly acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/825—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with gallium, indium or thallium
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的催化剂及其制备和用途,其特征在于其结构式为FexByCnSiOm,其孔径在3‑6nm,其中B为选自周期表第三主族元素中的一种;C为选自周期表副族中金属元素的一种。将两种表面活性剂溶解到水中,加入盐酸水溶液搅拌,用氨水调节pH。再加入硅源和金属源,混合液水浴、水热老化,经洗涤,煅烧即可得到催化剂。本发明还涉及一种苯二酚的制备方法,主要特征是采用上述催化剂,经苯酚羟基化获得苯二酚,此方法克服了苯二酚传统工艺中催化剂重复性低等缺点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种苯酚羟基化制苯二酚催化剂及其制备和用途,具体为一种为FexByCnSiOm用于苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的催化剂及其制备方法;本发明还涉及上述催化剂在苯酚羟基化制苯二酚中的应用。
背景技术
苯二酚(主要是指邻苯二酚和对苯二酚)是重要的化工原料、有机化工中间体、精细化工产品等,广泛应用于医药、香料、涂料、农药等行业,具有巨大的市场前景。
传统的生产苯二酚的方法,由于反应步骤过多、工艺流程复杂、设备腐蚀严重、三废量大等缺点,已逐渐被淘汰。苯酚过氧化氢氧化法由于具有合成路线短、条件温和、原子经济性高、和符合绿色化学理念等优点,有利于大规模工业化生产,已成为合成苯二酚最常用的方法之一。目前,国际上已经实现大规模工业化生产的工艺有Rhnoe-Puolnee法、Brichima法、Ube法和Enichem法等,均以过氧化氢作为氧化剂,其区别主要在于它们所使用的催化剂不同。因此,主要的难点还是在于催化剂选择。
在应用到苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的各种催化剂中,常见的催化剂有TS-1和TS-2,由于其羟基化速度太慢,人们开始用杂多酸盐代替杂原子分子筛催化剂。之后金属氧化物及其负载型作为苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的催化剂被大量研究,但由于其只有单一组分能够催化苯酚羟基化,所以,人们又改用复合金属氧化物来研制催化剂。最近在苯酚羟基化反应中,应用最多的催化剂就是Fe掺杂的SBA-15和MCM-41催化剂。Fe掺杂的SBA-15和Fe掺杂的MCM-41催化剂比较而言,SBA-15催化剂的孔径比MCM-41催化剂的孔径要大,在苯酚羟基化反应中,MCM-41催化剂的选择性和催化活性比SBA-15催化剂的选择性和催化活性要好。但是,由于SBA-15催化剂的孔壁比MCM-41催化剂的孔壁要厚,因此,SBA-15催化剂的重复性比MCM-41催化剂的重复性要好。本发明方法生产的催化剂既保留了其孔壁厚的特点,又使得其孔径减小了。因此,在苯酚羟基化制苯二酚反应中,FexByCnSiOm催化剂既保留了MCM-41的催化活性,又保留了SBA-15的水热稳定性,提高了催化剂的重复性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于改进苯二酚生产工艺中催化剂重复性低等不足,而提供的一种苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的催化剂,本发明的另一目的是提供上述催化剂的制备方法,本发明还有一目的是提供该催化剂在苯酚羟基化制苯二酚中的应用。
本发明的技术方案为:一种用于苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的催化剂,其特征在于催化剂的结构式为:FexByCnSiOm,其中:
B为Al、Ga或In中的一种元素;
C为Mn、Zn或Cu中的一种元素;
x的取值范围为0.0045-0.045;
y的取值范围为0.0015-0.025;
n的取值范围为0.0015-0.015;
m为符合其它元素配位的氧原子个数,其取值范围为2.1-2.5。
优选上述催化剂的孔径为3-6nm。
本发明还提供了上述催化剂的制备方法,其具体步骤如下:将两种表面活性剂溶解到水中,待溶解后加入盐酸水溶液,继续搅拌并用氨水调节pH,此混合液记为溶液1;将硅源和金属源溶解到水中,此混合液记为溶液2;将溶液2滴加到溶液1中,此混合液记为溶液3;溶液3在温度T1下水浴t1小时后,将溶液3置于反应釜中,在T2温度下水热老化t2小时后,经离心,洗涤,干燥煅烧后,即可得到催化剂;其中一种表面活性剂D为聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物(P123)或聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段共聚物(F127)中的一种;另一种表面活性剂E为十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)或十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)中的一种。
优选表面活性剂E与表面活性剂D的摩尔比为2.5-5.5。
优选上述的盐酸水溶液的摩尔浓度为1-3.5mol/L;加入的盐酸溶液中HCl与表面活性剂E的摩尔比为60-70;所述的氨水的质量浓度为24%-29%;调节pH值为1.5-6。
优选上述的硅源为正硅酸四乙酯;硅源与E类表面活性剂的摩尔比为7-20;金属源为Fe、B、C的硝酸盐、氯化盐或醋酸盐。
优选上述水浴温度T1为25-65℃,水浴时间t1为12-40小时;水热老化温度T2为75-160℃,水热老化时间t2为12-40小时;所述的煅烧温度为450-700℃,煅烧时间为4-8小时。
本发明还提供了上述催化剂的用途,即将催化剂用于苯酚羟基化制苯二酚,其具体步骤为:在配有电动搅拌设备和恒温回流装置的反应器中,加入上述制得的催化剂,溶剂,苯酚,边搅拌边升温,待温度升至T3后,加入过氧化氢溶液,T3恒温度反应t3小时得苯二酚。
优选催化苯酚羟基化反应时反应温度T3为25-85℃,反应时间t3为1.5-6.5小时;苯酚与催化剂质量比为5-16,苯酚与过氧化氢摩尔比为2-10。
优选上述的溶剂为水、甲醇、丁醇或丙酮中的一种;溶剂与苯酚的摩尔比为7-15.5。
本发明催化剂的主要特征在于选择性氧化反应的活性中心Fe以四配位的形式存在于骨架中,B、C两种金属元素的引入促进了Fe进入骨架,同时本发明生产的催化剂孔径减小,提高了苯酚羟基化制苯二酚过程中催化剂的重复使用率以及催化活性。
有益效果:
本发明与苯酚羟基化制苯二酚工艺相比,工艺简单,苯酚的转化率达到23%,苯二酚的选择性达到94%,产物为邻苯二酚和对苯二酚。这主要是因为硅基材料骨架中存在活性中心Fe,而B、C元素的引入促进Fe进入骨架,且活性点分布均匀,同时,催化剂FexByCnSiOm的孔径减小,提高了催化剂的重复使用率。
附图说明
图1是实例1的孔径分布图;
图2是实例2的孔径分布图;
图3是实例3的孔径分布图;
图4是实例4的孔径分布图;
图5是实例5的孔径分布图;
图6是实例6的孔径分布图。
具体实施方式
以下通过实例详本发明。
【实例1】催化剂的合成
将两种表面活性剂CTAB和F127溶解到30mL水中,待溶解后加入1.5mol/L盐酸溶液,加入的盐酸溶液中HCl/CTAB的摩尔比为62,继续搅拌并用质量分数25%氨水调节pH=2,此混合液记为溶液1。将4.5g正硅酸乙酯(即0.0216molSiO2)和FeCl3、CuCl2、MnCl2.4H2O溶解到水中,此混合液记为溶液2。其中SiO2:CTAB:F127:FeCl3:Ga(NO3)3:MnCl2.4H2O的摩尔比为100:12.5:4.2:0.5:0.2:0.1。将溶液2滴加到溶液1中,此混合液记为溶液3。溶液3在温度30℃下水浴36小时后,将溶液3置于反应釜中,在80℃温度下水热老化36小时后,经离心,洗涤,在500℃下煅烧7.5小时,即可得到催化剂,记为催化剂F1。经氮气吸附脱附分析测试表明其孔径为4.19nm,在3-6nm范围内,如图1所示。
【实例2】催化剂的合成
同实施例1操作,不同的是将表面活性剂换为SDBS和F127,加入3mol/L盐酸溶液,加入的盐酸溶液中HCl/SDBS的摩尔比为67,用质量分数26%氨水调节pH=2.5,其中SiO2:SDBS:F127:Fe(NO3)3.9H2O:Ga(NO3)3:ZnCl2的摩尔比为100:10:2:1:0.5:0.25。同时,改变煅烧温度为550℃,煅烧时间为6小时,记为催化剂F2。经氮气吸附脱附分析测试表明其孔径为4.19nm,在3-6nm范围内,如图2所示。
【实例3】催化剂的合成
同实施例1操作,不同的是水浴温度和时间、水热反应温度和时间、煅烧温度和时间。其中SiO2:CTAB:F127:FeCl3:InCl3:Cu(CH3COO)2的摩尔比为100:8:2:4:2:1。在温度60℃下水浴15小时,水热反应温度为90℃,反应时间为30小时。煅烧温度为600℃,煅烧时间为5小时,记为催化剂F3。经氮气吸附脱附分析测试表明其孔径为5.41nm,在3-6nm范围内,如图3所示。
【实例4】催化剂的合成
同实施例1操作,不同的是将表面活性剂换为CTAB和P123,加入2mol/L盐酸溶液,加入的盐酸溶液中HCl/CTAB的摩尔比为69,用质量分数25%氨水调节pH=3,其SiO2:CTAB:P123:Fe(NO3)3.9H2O:Al(NO3)3.9H2O:Mn(AC)2.4H2O的摩尔比为100:8:2:2:1:0.25。在温度40℃下水浴24小时,水热反应温度为110℃,反应时间为20小时。煅烧温度为550℃,煅烧时间为7小时,记为催化剂F4。经氮气吸附脱附分析测试表明其孔径为3.71nm,在3-6nm范围内,如图4所示。
【实例5】催化剂的合成
同实施例1操作,不同的是将表面活性剂改为SDBS和P123,加入2.5mol/L盐酸溶液,加入的盐酸溶液中HCl/SDBS的摩尔比为65,用质量分数27%的氨水调节pH=4,其中SiO2:SDBS:P123:FeCl3:InCl3:ZnCl2的摩尔比为100:6.5:1.2:3:1.5:0.8。在温度50℃下水浴18小时,水热反应温度为150℃,反应时间为15小时,煅烧温度为650℃,时间为4.5小时,记为催化剂F5。经氮气吸附脱附分析测试表明其孔径为3.82nm,在3-6nm范围内,如图5所示。
【实例6】催化剂的合成
同实施例1操作,不同的是用质量分数28%的氨水调节pH=5。其中,SiO2:CTAB:F127:Fe(NO3)3.9H2O:Al(NO3)3.9H2O:CuCl2的摩尔比为100:5.5:1.2:4:2:1。水热反应温度为120℃,时间20小时,记为催化剂F6。经氮气吸附脱附分析测试表明其孔径为5.75nm,在3-6nm范围内,如图6所示。
【实例7】苯酚羟基化制苯二酚
将催化剂F1用于苯酚羟基化反应,在配有电动搅拌设备和恒温回流装置的反应器中进行,反应条件为:60℃,苯酚/过氧化氢摩尔比为3,苯酚4.29g(0.0456mol),溶剂丁醇/苯酚摩尔比为7.5,苯酚/催化剂质量比为6,反应时间4h。反应结果为苯酚转化率为23.42%,苯二酚选择性为93.3%。
【实例8】苯酚羟基化制苯二酚
将催化剂F2用于苯酚羟基化反应,反应条件为:80℃,苯酚/过氧化氢摩尔比为5,苯酚4.29g(0.0456mol),溶剂甲醇/苯酚摩尔比为10,苯酚/催化剂质量比为10,反应时间2h。反应结果为苯酚转化率为21.32%,苯二酚选择性为90.75%。
【实例9】苯酚羟基化制苯二酚
将催化剂F3用于苯酚羟基化反应,反应条件为:40℃,苯酚/过氧化氢摩尔比为7,苯酚4.29g(0.0456mol),溶剂水/苯酚摩尔比为13,苯酚/催化剂质量比为12,反应时间6h。反应结果为苯酚转化率为21.98%,苯二酚选择性为92.23%。
【实例10】苯酚羟基化制苯二酚
将催化剂F4用于苯酚羟基化反应,反应条件为:30℃,苯酚/过氧化氢摩尔比为8,苯酚4.29g(0.0456mol),溶剂丙酮/苯酚摩尔比为15,苯酚/催化剂质量比为8,反应时间6h。反应结果为苯酚转化率为23.93%,苯二酚选择性为94.12%。
【实例11】苯酚羟基化制苯二酚
将催化剂F5用于苯酚羟基化反应,反应条件为:50℃,苯酚/过氧化氢摩尔比为4,苯酚4.29g(0.0456mol),溶剂丁醇/苯酚摩尔比为13,苯酚/催化剂质量比为13,反应时间5h。反应结果为苯酚转化率为20.67%,苯二酚选择性为89.53%。
【实例12】苯酚羟基化制苯二酚
将催化剂F6用于苯酚羟基化反应,反应条件为:70℃,苯酚/过氧化氢摩尔比为9,苯酚4.29g(0.0456mol),溶剂水/苯酚摩尔比为10,苯酚/催化剂质量比为15,反应时间3h。反应结果为苯酚转化率为22.41%,苯二酚选择性为91.42%。
表1催化剂组成及催化活性
表2.催化剂孔径
实例 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 |
孔径(nm) | 4.19 | 4.19 | 5.41 |
实例 | 实例4 | 实例5 | 实例6 |
孔径(nm) | 3.71 | 3.82 | 5.75 |
Claims (6)
1.一种用于苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的催化剂,其特征在于催化剂的结构式为:FexByCnSiOm,其中:
B为Al、Ga或In中的一种元素;
C为Mn、Zn或Cu中的一种元素;
x的取值范围为0.0045-0.045;
y的取值范围为0.0015-0.025;
n的取值范围为0.0015-0.015;
m的取值范围为2.1-2.5;
催化剂的孔径为3-6nm;由以下方法制备得到,其具体步骤如下:将两种表面活性剂溶解到水中,待溶解后加入盐酸水溶液,继续搅拌并用氨水调节pH,此混合液记为溶液1;将硅源和金属源溶解到水中,此混合液记为溶液2;将溶液2滴加到溶液1中,此混合液记为溶液3;溶液3在温度T1下水浴t1小时后,将溶液3置于反应釜中,在T2温度下水热老化t2小时后,经离心,洗涤,干燥煅烧后,即可得到催化剂;其中一种表面活性剂D为聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物或聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段共聚物中的一种;另一种表面活性剂E为十六烷基三甲基溴化铵或十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的一种;其中表面活性剂E与表面活性剂D的摩尔比为2.5-5.5;硅源与E类表面活性剂的摩尔比为7-20;水浴温度T1为25-65℃,水浴时间t1为12-40小时;水热老化温度T2为75-160℃,水热老化时间t2为12-40小时。
2.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂,其特征在于所述的盐酸水溶液的摩尔浓度为1-3.5mol/L;加入的盐酸溶液中HCl与表面活性剂E的摩尔比为60-70;所述的氨水的质量浓度为24%-29%;调节pH值为1.5-6。
3.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂,其特征在于所述的硅源为正硅酸四乙酯;金属源为Fe、B、C的硝酸盐、氯化盐或醋酸盐。
4.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂,其特征在于所述的煅烧温度为450-700℃,煅烧时间为4-8小时。
5.一种苯酚羟基化制苯二酚的方法,其具体步骤为:在配有电动搅拌设备和恒温回流装置的反应器中,加入权利要求1所述的催化剂,溶剂,苯酚,边搅拌边升温,待温度升至T3后,加入过氧化氢溶液,T3恒温度反应t3小时得苯二酚;其中催化苯酚羟基化反应时反应温度T3为25-85℃,反应时间t3为1.5-6.5小时;苯酚与催化剂质量比为5-16,苯酚与过氧化氢摩尔比为2-10;溶剂与苯酚的摩尔比为7-15.5。
6.按权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于所述的溶剂为水、甲醇、丁醇或丙酮中的一种。
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CN101480613A (zh) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-07-15 | 南京工业大学 | 用于过氧化氢室温氧化苯酚制苯二酚的催化剂及其制备方法 |
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CN101480613A (zh) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-07-15 | 南京工业大学 | 用于过氧化氢室温氧化苯酚制苯二酚的催化剂及其制备方法 |
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