CN106230218B - A kind of hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving - Google Patents
A kind of hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving Download PDFInfo
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- CN106230218B CN106230218B CN201610881159.8A CN201610881159A CN106230218B CN 106230218 B CN106230218 B CN 106230218B CN 201610881159 A CN201610881159 A CN 201610881159A CN 106230218 B CN106230218 B CN 106230218B
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- stator disc
- direct current
- end cap
- core
- current generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hub motors with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving, including left end cap, right end cap, main shaft and wheel hub, the left end cap is by first axle bearing sleeve on main shaft, right end cap is covered on main shaft by second bearing, left end cap and right end cap are connect with wheel hub, the left end cap is connect by deceleration mechanism with sun gear gear ring, sun gear gear ring is fixed on motor, sun gear ring gear against rotation is driven by motor, to drive left end cap rotation by deceleration mechanism, to drive hub rotation.Iron-core-free direct-drive motor is laminated in disc type unit of the present invention, rated power is big, it is wide in range between high efficient area, under the premise of keeping axis structure, using planetary gear mechanism double reduction, not only it ensure that the reliability of hub motor structure, but also the high speed performance of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator can be made to be not fully exerted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hub motors with teeth of disc type iron core-free direct current generator driving, belong to electric motors.
Background technique
Existing electric bicycle mostly uses low speed hub motor, the advantage is that: power of motor is big, motor is generally not necessarily to
Maintenance, transmission efficiency is high, but since this motor is there are magnetic hysteresis resistance, weakens or even lose the function of riding of electric bicycle
Can, electric boosted type bicycle has gradually gone on the development course of motorized Shu Shihua, driving motor power and travel speed
Remote super existing national standard.Motorized electric bicycle, traffic accident take place frequently, it has also become the society that one kind need solve is asked
Topic.
There are magnetic hysteresis resistances to overcome driving motor is proposed shaft type using all directions motor as the motor manufacturer of representative
High speed hub motor with teeth.The rated power of this motor meets existing national standards, and is combined on its pinion frame
Mono-directional overrun clutch efficiently solves influence of the magnetic hysteresis resistance of motor to riding.The driving of this hub motor with teeth
Motor is substantially exactly the low speed hub motor that diameter reduces, and revolving speed is usually no more than 1500 revs/min, on stricti jurise
Say that being also not really is high-speed motor, so using the dead axle planetary gear reducing mechanism of primary speed-down, reduction ratio is usually 1:
4.3, hub motor is poor to the adaptability of wheel footpath.
Both the above mainstream motor, is Nd-Fe-B permanent-magnet D, simple, reliable for operation, small in size with structure,
Light-weight, the advantages that rated efficiency is high, good speed adjustment features, but due to the low speed characteristics of electric bicycle, actually riding
Motor often operates in inefficient section in journey, and the mileages of continuation of electric bicycle is not high, it is difficult to meet masses and continue to raising
The consumption demand of mileage.
China Patent No. 201010247971.8 discloses a kind of ultrathin high-power direct current magnetoelectric motor, proposes a kind of excellent
Choosing is fan-shaped coil using the outer loop-shaped of flat enameled wire coiling, is superimposed to form coil windings, Single-layer Windings around
After making, fixed glue being coated on its surface and is fixed, winding is mounted in the slot of stator frame and by interior pressing ring and external pressure
Circle is fixed.Actual situation is, it is ensured that the outer loop-shaped of coil is sector, and the area of the triangular inner hole of coil needs enough
Greatly, the number of turns of winding is reduced, and the coil of so coiling, stator disc space utilization rate is low, and magnetic field concentration is poor, to reduce magnetic flux
Loss, permanent magnet must have enough radical lengths, therefore the overlapping region very little of interior pressing ring, outer pressing ring and fan-shaped winding, only
Damage of falling apart as clockwork feed is easy under the situations such as vibration, fever in the coil windings that fixed glue is coated on surface.
And using the coil of round conductor coiling, then the round wire for needing the selection lesser yield strength of line footpath low is just able to maintain outer ring shape
For sector, it is also not possible to produce powerful direct current permanent magnet motor.The heavy-duty motor of high current will necessarily generate more
Heat needs reliable heat sink conception, which uses high intensity, high rigidity, heat-resisting, resistance to punching resistance, anti-aging work
The stator frame of engineering plastics precision injection molding, thermal conductivity coefficient generally only have 0.04W/mK, and the coil of flat wire coiling around
Group requires the air gap flux density of stator disc two sides strictly equal, and the rotor disk fixed by two bearings at flat thin stator frame center is very
Hardly possible meets so high requirement, and rotor disk, which slightly biases flat enamel wire coil, to generate heat, and the higher heat production of revolving speed is more
More, a large amount of heat is closed in rotor disk, also can not the stator frame made of engineering plastics dissipate, technical solution sheet
Body just has significant deficiency.
China Patent No. 201010289645.3 discloses a kind of energy-saving hub motor, and it is straight equally to use disc type iron core-free
Galvanic electricity machine, and using electric vehicle hub as rotor disk, directly by In-wheel motor driving electric vehicle, which is also combined in wheel hub
Structure type identical disc type iron core-free generator is recharged for collecting electric energy caused by vehicle braking to battery, from
And play energy-efficient effect.Substantially, the inductance of disc type iron core-free direct current generator is smaller, belongs to the scope of low-power machine,
Most prominent advantage is high rpm low torque and without magnetic hysteresis resistance, and the efficiency when slow-speed of revolution is very low, and in the market to motor function
Rate requires the low speed sightseeing electric car of lesser 72V voltage, and motor rated power also requires have 5000W, on electric vehicle hub
The pitch circle of hub stud holes is limited to the space between the pitch circle in rim bolt hole, is arranged in this limited space high-power
Disc type iron core-free direct current generator and disc type iron core-free generator can not accomplish, moreover press the invention description, the energy conservation
The electric vehicle of hub motor can only install the solid tyre without inflation.
Application number 201310033295.8 discloses a kind of disc type iron core-free permanent magnet DC motor, is the electricity of axis rotation
Machine, the technical solution adopted is that: the axial symmetry conical ring Circular Winding that coil windings are made of multi-section circular arc, conical ring
Tip forms two different internal diameters behind stator axle center, the central axis trisection of axial symmetry conical ring, wherein boring
The internal diameter at shape ring tip is 2/3rds of another internal diameter, and the space utilization rate of this Circular Winding, stator disc is very low, magnetic field collection
Poly- property is worse, " stator armature winding uses iron-free core structure, directly has winding to be molded " referred in scheme, also without realization
Possibility, be that can not clear unordered winding outlet in injection moulding process, product qualification rate can be very low.The invention " annular around
Setting hall magnetic sensor in interval in group ", even more against the scheme of common sense, nine pins of three Hall sensors need
It is concatenated in the inter-air space of very little by conducting wire, technology difficulty is very big, and the Hall among Circular Winding is arranged in
Sensor, metal pin can generate heat rapidly under action of alternating magnetic field, burn Hall sensor.
The patent No. 201310310431.3 discloses a kind of disc type iron core-free permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine, uses and application
The similar annulus winding of a kind of disc type iron core-free permanent magnet DC motor disclosed in numbers 201310033295.8, far from shaft end
Arc radius be proximate to 1.5-2 times of arc radius of shaft end, the arc radius of two stringcourse parts is the circular arc far from shaft end
The space utilization rate of 3-5 times of radius, stator disc is very low, and magnetic field concentration is worse, and coil windings lack limiting device,
It is difficult to limit coil in axial displacement；The invention motor uses a kind of disc type iron core-free direct current of outer rotor case rotation
Machine, goal of the invention is indefinite, and the specific aim that four O-ring seals are arranged is not strong, and motor lacks power output device and fixed dress
It sets, is also seemingly had using the totally different bearing of two kinds of specifications improper on motor shaft, motor uses no position hall position sensor, starts
When motor will appear shake hysteresis phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of disc type unit stacking iron-free
The hub motor with teeth of core direct current generator driving, using the with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the invention
After hub motor, bicycle still has the function of that good scrunch is ridden, and rated power and torque are big, is more suitable on mountain area and hills
The road conditions requirement in area, the mileages of continuation under the situation that is driven by pure electric power have significantly than presently commercially available electric bicycle
It improves.
Technical solution: in order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator of the invention drives
Dynamic hub motor with teeth, including left end cap, right end cap, main shaft and wheel hub, the left end cap is by first axle bearing sleeve in main shaft
On, right end cap is covered on main shaft by second bearing, and left end cap and right end cap are connect with wheel hub, and the left end cap passes through speed reducer
Structure is connect with sun gear gear ring, and sun gear gear ring is fixed on motor, sun gear ring gear against rotation is driven by motor, to pass through
Deceleration mechanism drives left end cap rotation, to drive hub rotation；The deceleration mechanism includes planet carrier, several first planets
Wheel, several second planetary gears and centre wheel, first planetary gear are engaged with sun gear gear ring, the first planetary gear and the second row
Star-wheel is coaxially connected by rotation axis, and rotation axis is mounted on planet carrier by 3rd bearing, and planet carrier covers on main shaft, and second
Planetary gear is engaged with the centre wheel being fixed on left end cap；Motor includes the first stator disc, the second stator disc and third stator disc,
Fourth bearing, the first stator disc, at least one third stator disc, the second stator disc and the 5th axis are successively cased on the main shaft
It holds, is cased with the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk, the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk in fourth bearing and 5th bearing respectively
Centre is clamped at least two third trochanter disks, and is positioned at the centre of two neighboring stator disc, between adjacent third trochanter disk
There is lasso to be connected, lasso is also connect with the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk, the inside of the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk
It is respectively equipped with the first groove, the first permanent magnet is installed in the first groove, is equipped with the second groove on the two sides of third trochanter disk,
It is mounted on the second permanent magnet in second groove, is fixedly connected on the outside of the first rotor disk with sun gear gear ring, passes through solar wheeling tooth
Enclose output torque, first stator disc, the second stator disc, be equipped on third stator disc several annular spreads for pacifying
The pyriform hole to install coil, coil are fixed in pyriform hole by limiting device, by the first stator disc, coil, the first rotor disk,
Triple-spool disk, the first permanent magnet and the second set of permanent magnets at motor the first power unit, by the second stator disc, coil, second
Rotor disk, third trochanter disk, the first permanent magnet and the second set of permanent magnets at motor the second power unit, by third stator disc,
At least one the third power unit of coil, two third trochanter disks, the second set of permanent magnets at motor, the first power unit,
Two power units, third power unit coil connect with core of a cable.
Preferably, the sun gear gear ring includes that the gear teeth and the installing ring coaxial with the gear teeth, installing ring are fixed on motor
On, oil shield is cased with outside installing ring, oil shield and left end cap are tightly connected, and deceleration mechanism is wrapped in left end cap and oil shield shape
At space in.
Preferably, the planet carrier is sleeved on main shaft, hole is provided with keyway in its center, is leaned on by the convex shelves on main shaft
Mountain positioning, passes through circlip, pivot pin and spindle lock.
Preferably, the limiting device includes inner ring rib, outer ring flange, interior pressing ring, outer pressing ring and annular circuit board,
First stator disc, the second stator disc and third stator disc are extended with inner ring rib, outer ring flange on one side, in stator disc
Another side is equipped with outer pressing ring, interior pressing ring or annular circuit board, passes through inner ring rib, outer ring flange, interior pressing ring, outer pressing ring and ring
The axial displacement of shape circuit board limitation coil.
Preferably, first stator disc or the second stator disc or any one third stator disc are in installation loop circuit
Plate is sequentially with three third grooves on one side, and third groove arrangement is located at the center of circle one of stator disc between adjacent two pyriform hole
Side, third groove is interior to install Hall sensor, and the pin of Hall sensor is welded with the annular circuit board being fixed on stator disc,
Annular circuit board is connect with core of a cable.
Preferably, the coil is the air core coil of circle copper enameled wire coiling, internal via shape is triangle, after coiling
Outer loop-shaped be pyriform and to match with pyriform hole；The interior angle that the triangular inner hole of the coil is located on the inside of stator disc is less than
60 °, the radical length of triangular inner hole is less than radial diameter, that is, long diameter one third of coil.The coil of pyriform is left and right
Symmetrical structure, the symmetry axis of each coil are directed toward the center of circle of permanent magnet, and the length of coil symmetry axis is long diameter, triangle
Inner hole is isosceles triangle, and the height on inner hole bottom edge is the radical length of triangle, i.e., triangular inner hole is along permanent magnet diameter side
Upward length.
Preferably, being equipped with heat release hole on the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is fan-shaped Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material, radical length is the inside and outside of fan-shaped permanent magnet
Semidiameter is 0.5-0.8 times of the i.e. long diameter of radial diameter of coil.
Preferably, the permanent magnet includes several permanent magnet units, between two adjacent permanent magnets unit there are
The size of gap, gap is adapted to classical insulation.
The utility model has the advantages that the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the invention, due to adopting
With the stacked combination of multiple-unit dynamic structure, rated power and torque compare single-power structural electromotor and are greatly improved, electricity
Dynamic bicycle is more suitable for mountain area and hills area and rides；Under the premise of keeping axis structure, using planetary gear mechanism double reduction,
It ensure that the reliability of hub motor structure；And since the alternative of deceleration mechanism reduction ratio is stronger, improve the present invention
The stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of disc type unit hub motor with teeth to the adaptability of rim of electric bicycle specification；Its
In the planetary gear reducing mechanism of double reduction, since the torque that primary speed-down gear is born is smaller, thus steel-tooth is used
The form being meshed with engineering plastic gear is taken turns, not only ensure that the reliability of deceleration mechanism, but also rotational noise can be effectively reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the hub motor structure schematic diagram with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the wheel-hub motor planetary deceleration with teeth mechanism peace of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention
Fill schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the stator disc signal of the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 4 is that coil, the Hall of the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention pass
Sensor and annular circuit board scheme of installation.
Fig. 5 is the first stator disc of the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 6 is the second stator disc of the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 7 is the third stator disc of the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 8 is after the coil of the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention is powered
External magnetic field analysis chart.
Fig. 9 is that disc type unit of the present invention is laminated between the adjacent permanent magnet for the hub motor with teeth that iron-core-free direct current generator drives
The torque efficiency figure of gap adjustment test.
Figure 10 be disc type unit of the present invention stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving hub motor with teeth with it is commercially available cored
Torque-power-efficient-revolving speed comparison diagram of hub motor with teeth.
Figure 11 is the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention in two power lists
Torque efficiency curve graph under first laminated arrangement.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of driving of disc type unit of the invention stacking iron-core-free direct current generator has gear hub electric
Machine, including left end cap 3, right end cap 4, main shaft 10 and wheel hub 2, the left end cap 3 passes through 5 sets of first bearing on main shaft 10, right
End cap 4 is by 51 sets of second bearing on main shaft 10, and left end cap 3 and right end cap 4 are connect by screw with wheel hub 2, in founder
In skill, the wheel hub 2 can be merged to the assembly form that is cast into left end cap 3 or right end cap 4, the left end cap 3 passes through deceleration
Mechanism is connect with sun gear gear ring 11, and sun gear gear ring 11 is fixed on motor 1, drives 11 turns of sun gear gear ring by motor 1
It is dynamic, to drive left end cap 3 to rotate by deceleration mechanism, to rotate with runner hub 2；The deceleration mechanism include planet carrier 6,
Several first planetary gears 7, several second planetary gears 8 and centre wheel 9, first planetary gear 7 are nibbled with sun gear gear ring 11
It closes, the first planetary gear 7 is coaxially connected by rotation axis with the second planetary gear 8, and rotation axis is mounted on planet by 3rd bearing 21
On frame 6,6 sets of planet carrier on main shaft 10, the second planetary gear 8 is engaged with the centre wheel 9 being fixed on left end cap 3, constitutes two
The dead axle planetary gear reducing mechanism that grade is slowed down, deceleration mechanism are lubricated using solid oil.
In the present invention, the sun gear gear ring 11 includes that the gear teeth and the installing ring coaxial with the gear teeth, installing ring are fixed on
On motor 1, oil shield 12 is cased with outside installing ring, oil shield 12 and left end cap 3 are tightly connected, and deceleration mechanism is wrapped in left end cap
3 and oil shield 12 formed space in.Oil shield 12 is the round-meshed flat bowl structure in bottom, is molded and is made by engineering plastics
At being mounted on left end cap 3, limit diffusion of the lubricating oil in wheel hub 2.
In the present invention, the material of the first planetary gear 7 is the engineering plastics such as the good nylon or polyformaldehyde of intensity high-wearing feature
Be made, the second planetary gear 8, centre wheel 9 material be steel, the planet carrier 6 is sleeved on axis, and hole is provided with key in its center
Slot makees backer's positioning by the convex shelves on axis, is locked by circlip 35, pivot pin 36 and main shaft 10, wherein the second planetary gear 8 is connection
Shaft type gear.
In the present invention, the motor 1 includes the first stator disc 13, third stator disc 14, the second stator disc 15, the master
Fourth bearing 22, the first stator disc 13, at least one third stator disc 14, the second stator disc 15 and the 5th are successively cased on axis 10
The first rotor disk 16 and the second rotor disk 161, the first rotor are cased in bearing 221, fourth bearing 22 and 5th bearing 221 respectively
At least two third trochanter disks 17 are clamped among disk 16 and the second rotor disk 161, and are positioned in two neighboring stator disc
Between, there is lasso 18 to be connected between adjacent third trochanter disk 17, lasso also connects with the first rotor disk 16 and the second rotor disk 161
It connects, is equipped with heat release hole 33 on the first rotor disk 16 and the second rotor disk 161, be conducive to be produced when dissipation motor 1 works
The inside of raw heat, the first rotor disk 16 and the second rotor disk 161 is respectively equipped with the first groove, and is equipped in the first groove
One permanent magnet 19 is equipped with the second groove 34 on the two sides of third trochanter disk 17, is mounted on the second permanent magnetism in the second groove 34
Body 20, the outside of the first rotor disk 16 are fixedly connected with sun gear gear ring 11, by 11 output torque of sun gear gear ring, described first
Stator disc 13, the second stator disc 15, be equipped on third stator disc 14 several annular spreads for installing the pears of coil 23
Shape hole 31, coil 23 are fixed in pyriform hole 31 by limiting device, and the coil 23 is the tubular wire of circle copper enameled wire coiling
Circle, internal via shape be triangle, outer loop-shaped be with the matched shape in pyriform hole 21, by the first stator disc 13, coil 23,
The first rotor disk 16, third trochanter disk 17, the first permanent magnet 19 and the second permanent magnet 20 form the first power unit of motor 1,
By 20 groups of the second stator disc 15, coil 23, the second rotor disk 161, third trochanter disk 17, the first permanent magnet 19 and the second permanent magnet
At the second power unit of motor 1, it is made of third stator disc 14,23, two third trochanter disks 17 of coil, the second permanent magnet 20
At least one third power unit of motor 1, the first power unit, the second power unit, third power unit coil 23 with
Core of a cable 24 connects.
In the present invention, the limiting device includes inner ring rib 25, outer ring flange 26, interior pressing ring 27,28 and of outer pressing ring
Annular circuit board 29, first stator disc 13, the second stator disc 15 and third stator disc 14 are extended with inner ring rib on one side
25, outer ring flange 26 are equipped with outer pressing ring 28, interior pressing ring 27 or annular circuit board 29 in the another side of stator disc, pass through inner ring
Rib 25, outer ring flange 26, interior pressing ring 27, outer pressing ring 28 and annular circuit board 29 limit the axial displacement of coil 23.
In the present invention, first stator disc 13 or the second stator disc 15 or any one third stator disc 14 are being installed
Annular circuit board 29 is sequentially with three third grooves 30 on one side, and third groove arrangement is located between adjacent two pyriform hole 31
The center of circle side of stator disc, installs Hall sensor 32 in third groove 30, the pin of Hall sensor 32 and is fixed on stator
Annular circuit board 29 on disk welds, and annular circuit board 29 is connect with core of a cable 24.
In the present invention, the first permanent magnet 19 and the second permanent magnet 20 are fan-shaped Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material, radical length
The inside and outside semidiameter of i.e. fan-shaped permanent magnet is 0.5-0.8 times of the i.e. long diameter of radial diameter of coil 23.The permanent magnet includes
Several permanent magnet units, there are gap between two adjacent permanent magnets unit, the size in gap is adapted to classical insulation.
In the present invention, the first rotor disk 16 and the second rotor disk 161 are made of ferrous material, and shape is flat
Bowl-shape, the bearing chamber 37 of the first rotor disk 16 is on the inside of it, by fixing sun gear gear ring 11 on the outside as bearing rib；The
It is biased to its outside and is equipped with bearing rib 38 in 371 position of bearing chamber of two rotor disks 161.
In the present invention, third trochanter disk 17 is irony annular disk, and two anchor rings are equipped with the second groove 34, the second groove
34 be annular groove, and the second permanent magnet 20, which is mutually attracted, to be mounted in the annular groove of two anchor rings of third trochanter disk 17.
It is analyzed and is tested based on energization air core coil external magnetic field, the invention proposes disc type units, and iron-core-free direct current is laminated
The most economical effective combination of the coil 23 and permanent magnet of motor.Such as Fig. 8, by single energization air core coil external magnetic field
Finite element analysis and experimental verification, energization air core coil center, magnetic induction intensity first increase with the increase of coil radius
Then it is gradually reduced again, a peak value occurs in hollow adjacent edges, hollow area is smaller, and magnetic field, which is gathered, to be more obvious；It is powered
The magnetic induction intensity on air core coil surface appears in the near axis of coil, remoter apart from hub of a spool, especially in coil
Outer edge, decaying is quickly；Air gap portion coil surface magnetic field strength is maximum, and with the increase of offline circle surface distance, magnetic field is strong
Degree decaying rapidly, numerical value very little；By the analysis verifying to energization air core coil magnetic induction intensity rule, disc type iron-free has been obtained
The Technology Ways of core direct current generator are: the appropriate radical length (the inside and outside semidiameter of sector electromagnet) for reducing fan-shaped permanent magnet is use up
The area of 23 hollow parts of coil may be reduced.
The radical length for reducing fan-shaped permanent magnet, can generate part flux loss, and following table is that the radical length of permanent magnet becomes
Change on disc type iron core-free direct current generator cost, efficiency influence Experimental comparison's data (air core coil radial diameter be D=32mm,
The high 10.0mm of coil, copper enameled wire line footpath 0.6mm, electrical current 3.5A, the hollow radical length 9.6mm of triangle, sector is forever
The inside and outside diameter average value 68mm of magnet).It can be seen that the reduction of the radical length with permanent magnet from the correlation data of table 1,
23 flux loss of coil increases with it and is in the trend for accelerating to increase, and motor maximal efficiency also accordingly reduces, the journey that efficiency reduces
Degree is less than flux loss degree, and the range of decrease of permanent magnet material cost becomes apparent.By Value Engineering, appropriateness reduces sector forever
The radical length of magnet, the efficiency and torque of motor can decrease, but can more reduce the consumption of rare earth permanent magnet, motor
Economy is more preferable, and competitiveness is stronger.
Table 1
Permanent magnet radical length (the inside and outside semidiameter of fan-shaped permanent magnet) is less than the technical solution of the radial diameter of coil 23,
Limiting device is set and provides necessary space for fixed coil 23, the proportionate relationship of the two such as takes permanent magnet radical length
For 0.9D, the width that laminates of limiting device and coil 23 is less than 0.05D, and fixed effect is poor；And take permanent magnet radical length small
In 0.5D, then flux loss is larger, and Motor torque and efficiency can also accordingly decrease；Experiment shows correctly to handle permanent magnet well
19, the proportionate relationship of the radial diameter of 20 radical lengths and coil 23, can be such that the advance, reliability, economy of motor obtains
Preferably balance.
Embodiment one
Disc type iron core-free direct current generator, winding are made of 6 coils 23, and the radial diameter of coil 23 is D=32mm, high
10.0mm, copper enameled wire line footpath 0.67mm, the hollow radical length 9.6mm of triangle, 8 permanent magnets 19, Unit 20 it is inside and outside straight
Diameter average value 68mm, axial height 6mm, radical length 20mm, wheel hub use reduction ratio for the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism two of 1:8.74
Grade is slowed down, and the central angle of fan-shaped permanent magnet takes 45 °, 41 °, 38 ° to compare test respectively；A is that permanent magnet central angle is in Fig. 9
The curve graph of torque and efficiency at 45 °, the curve graph of b is permanent magnet central angle when being 41 ° torque and efficiency, c is permanent magnet circle
The curve graph of torque and efficiency when heart angle is 38 °, from torque efficiency curve graph shown in Fig. 9, three kinds of motors most efficiently
Rate is respectively 83.8%, 83.1%, 80.6%, after reserving gap between two adjacent permanent magnets unit, is influenced on electric efficiency
Unobvious, smaller in the influence of high torque section, this result is also analyzed with energization air core coil external magnetic field and experimental result phase
It coincide；Gap variation between permanent magnet is affected to the speed of motor, and the no-load speed of three kinds of motors is respectively 281 turns/
Minute, 330 revs/min, 361 revs/min improve electricity it is possible thereby to targetedly adjust the gap between adjacent permanent magnet
The electric property of machine is to adapt to the variation of hub motor deceleration mechanism reduction ratio and rim of electric bicycle size.
Embodiment two
Iron-core-free direct current generator is laminated in disc type unit, and the winding on each stator disc is made of 6 coils 8, the diameter of coil 8
It is D=32mm, high 10.0mm, copper enameled wire line footpath 0.60mm, the hollow radical length 9.6mm of triangle, each rotor to diameter
The inside and outside diameter average value 68mm of 8 permanent magnet units on disk, axial height 6mm, radical length 20mm, fan-shaped permanent magnet
Central angle be 41 °, wheel hub uses reduction ratio for the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism double reduction of 1:8.74, compares test；Figure 11
Middle d is the curve graph of torque and efficiency when the first power unit works independently, and e is that the first power unit and the second power unit are same
When working torque and efficiency curve graph, Figure 11 shows disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator of the present invention in this implementation
Torque efficiency curve graph when the work of the first power unit and the first second unit work at the same time in example, from torque efficiency curve
It sees, as soon as when power unit drive hub, high efficiency can be reached when torque is smaller, the first, second power unit work simultaneously
When making drive hub, efficiency is maintained at 80% or more in very wide in range torque section.In addition it is also found that two from Figure 11
A power unit works at the same time, even if motor is also able to maintain high efficiency, therefore using the disk of multiple-unit stacking in the low torque stage
Iron-core-free direct current generator is laminated in formula, with higher rated power, bigger torque output and wider range of high efficiency range.
Relative to cored motor, the inductance of the coil windings of disc type iron core-free motor is smaller, and lesser inductance makes
The electric property of motor shows as high rpm low torque, its inductance can be improved in the length of the number of turns and conducting wire for increasing coil windings
Amount can take the diameter for increasing coil or reduce two kinds of Technology Ways of line footpath of conducting wire；The line footpath for reducing conducting wire can make winding electric
Resistance, which rises, simultaneously reduces power of motor, and increases the number of turns of coil windings and the length of conducting wire will increase the cost and body of motor
Product, therefore it is required that increasing the number of turns and length of the conducting wire of setting line footpath as much as possible in the limited space of stator disc, preferably
Method for winding is: using the triangle stick after chamfered as plug coiling conducting wire is laminated, thus the line of coiling in winding clamp
Circle, internal via shape are triangle, and outer loop-shaped is by the shape size of triangle plug, the line footpath of conducting wire, conducting wire yield strength
And the combined influences such as winding tension resemble a pear in shape.
Based on the analysis of air core coil external magnetic field and experimental result, the area of coil hollow parts should be reduced as far as possible, and
Hollow area is smaller, and the outer loop-shaped of coil can not make full use of the space of stator disc closer to circle.The inner hole of coil and
Outer loop-shaped should according to the line footpath of conducting wire, the yield strength of conducting wire, the size of stator disk diameter, the number of coils of winding determine,
Through coiling repeatedly and test, the triangular inner hole of coil 23 is located at the interior angle on the inside of stator disc less than 60 °, the diameter of triangular inner hole
It is less than the design scheme of radial diameter, that is, long diameter one third of coil to length, the space of stator disc can be better meet
Using and the requirement gathered to 23 center of coil of magnetic field.
The hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention, electric property is superior, in addition to
Outside the advantages that conventional motors structure is simple, reliable for operation, small in size, high-efficient, good speed adjustment features, since driving motor uses
Disc type iron core-free structure, motor is light-weight, and high speed performance is good, and no-load current is small and without magnetic hysteresis resistance, to make electric bicycle
Have the function of that good scrunch is ridden；Due to the stacked combination using multiple-unit dynamic structure, rated power and torque compare list
Dynamic structure motor is greatly improved, and electric bicycle is more suitable for mountain area and hills area and rides；Before keeping axis structure
It puts, using planetary gear mechanism double reduction, not only ensure that the reliability of hub motor structure, but also disc type iron core-free can be made straight
The high speed performance of galvanic electricity machine is not fully exerted；And since the alternative of deceleration mechanism reduction ratio is stronger, improve this hair
Adaptability of the hub motor with teeth of bright disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving to rim of electric bicycle specification；
The hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the present invention, the planet-gear speed reducer of double reduction
In structure, since the torque that primary speed-down gear is born is smaller, thus use what steel gear was meshed with engineering plastic gear
Form not only ensure that the reliability of slowing-down structure, but also can be effectively reduced rotational noise.
The hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving of the invention, no-load current only have
0.4A can reach high efficiency, P in Figure 10 under low torque situation1、N1、η1The torque and power of motor respectively of the present invention are turned round
The curve graph of square and revolving speed and torque and efficiency, P2、N2、η2The torque of the motor respectively purchased on the market and power, torque with
The curve graph of revolving speed and torque and efficiency, such as Figure 10,11, power efficiency in 75W can reach 75%, electric bicycle just
It often rides the power interval of required 80-150W, hub motor with teeth of the invention can be transported with 80% or so high efficiency
Row, compared with commercially available hub motor with teeth, advantage clearly, in identical condition of riding, identical power consumption, pure electricity
Under the situation that Lixing is sailed, mileages of continuation of the mileages of continuation than the electric vehicle of the hub motor with teeth generallyd use currently on the market
35% or more is improved, the mileages of continuation than the electric vehicle using low speed hub motor improves 45% or more.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the hub motor with teeth that the driving of iron-core-free direct current generator is laminated in disc type unit, it is characterised in that: the disc type elementary layer
The hub motor with teeth of folded iron-core-free direct current generator driving is electric bicycle hub motor, including left end cap, right end cap, main shaft
And wheel hub, the left end cap by first axle bearing sleeve on main shaft, right end cap covers on main shaft by second bearing, left end cap with
Right end cap is connect with wheel hub, and the left end cap is connect by deceleration mechanism with sun gear gear ring, and sun gear gear ring is fixed on direct current
On motor, sun gear ring gear against rotation is driven by direct current generator, so that left end cap rotation is driven by deceleration mechanism, to drive
Hub rotation；The deceleration mechanism includes planet carrier, several first planetary gears, several second planetary gears and centre wheel, institute
It states the first planetary gear to engage with sun gear gear ring, the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are coaxially connected by rotation axis, rotation axis
It is mounted on planet carrier by 3rd bearing, planet carrier covers on main shaft, the second planetary gear and the center being fixed on left end cap
Wheel engagement；The direct current generator includes the first stator disc, the second stator disc and third stator disc, is successively cased with the 4th axis on main shaft
It holds, the first stator disc, at least one third stator disc, the second stator disc and 5th bearing, in fourth bearing and 5th bearing point
Be not cased with the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk made of ferrous material, be clamped among the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk to
Few two third trochanter disks, each third trochanter disk are simultaneously positioned among two adjacent stator discs, adjacent third trochanter disk
Between there is lasso to be connected, be respectively equipped with the first groove on the inside of the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk, installation in the first groove
There is the first permanent magnet, is equipped with the second groove on the two sides of third trochanter disk, the second permanent magnet is mounted in the second groove, the
It is fixedly connected on the outside of one rotor disk with sun gear gear ring, by sun gear gear ring output torque, first stator disc, second are determined
The pyriform hole for being used to install coil of several annular spreads is equipped in sub-disk, third stator disc, coil passes through limiting device
It is fixed in pyriform hole, first stator disc or the second stator disc or any one third stator disc are in installation annular circuit board
One side on be sequentially with three third grooves, Hall sensor, Hall sensor and loop circuit are installed in third groove
Plate connection, annular circuit board connect with core of a cable, by the first stator disc, the coil of the first stator disc, the first rotor disk and the
The adjacent third trochanter disk of one stator disc, the first permanent magnet and the third trochanter adjacent with the first stator disc on the first rotor disk
The second set of permanent magnets on disk at direct current generator the first power unit, by the second stator disc, the second stator disc coil,
Two rotor disks, the third trochanter disk adjacent with the second stator disc, the first permanent magnet on the second rotor disk and with the second stator disc
The second set of permanent magnets on adjacent third trochanter disk at direct current generator the second power unit, it is fixed by third stator disc, third
Coil, two third trochanter disks, the second set of permanent magnets in sub-disk at direct current generator at least one third power unit, first
Power unit, the second power unit, third power unit coil connect with core of a cable；The limiting device is kept off comprising inner ring
Side, outer ring flange, interior pressing ring, outer pressing ring and annular circuit board, first stator disc, the second stator disc and third stator disc
It is extended with inner ring rib, outer ring flange on one side, is equipped in the another side of the first stator disc, the second stator disc and third stator disc
Outer pressing ring and interior pressing ring, or outer pressing ring and annular circuit board, pass through inner ring rib, outer ring flange, interior pressing ring, outer pressing ring and annular
The axial displacement of circuit board limitation coil.
2. the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving according to claim 1, feature
Be: the sun gear gear ring includes that the gear teeth and the installing ring coaxial with the gear teeth, installing ring are fixed on direct current generator, installing ring
It is cased with oil shield outside, oil shield and left end cap are tightly connected, and deceleration mechanism is wrapped in the space that left end cap and oil shield are formed
It is interior.
3. the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving according to claim 1, feature
Be: the planet carrier is sleeved on main shaft, and hole is provided with keyway in its center, is made backer's positioning by the convex shelves on main shaft, is passed through
Circlip, pivot pin and spindle lock.
4. the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving according to claim 1, feature
Be: the coil is the air core coil of circle copper enameled wire coiling, and internal via shape is triangle, and the outer loop-shaped after coiling is
Pyriform simultaneously matches with pyriform hole；The triangular inner hole of the coil is located at the interior angle on the inside of stator disc less than 60 °, in triangle
The radical length in hole is less than radial diameter, that is, long diameter one third of coil.
5. the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving according to claim 1, feature
It is: is equipped with heat release hole on the first rotor disk and the second rotor disk.
6. the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving according to claim 1, feature
Be: the permanent magnet is fan-shaped Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material, and radical length is that the inside and outside semidiameter of fan-shaped permanent magnet is coil
0.5-0.8 times of radial diameter, that is, long diameter.
7. the hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving according to claim 1, feature
Be: the permanent magnet includes several permanent magnet units, and there are gap, the sizes in gap between two adjacent permanent magnets unit
It is adapted to classical insulation.
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| CN201610881159.8A CN106230218B (en) | 2016-10-09 | 2016-10-09 | A kind of hub motor with teeth of disc type unit stacking iron-core-free direct current generator driving |
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| CN106995026A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-01 | 深圳威枫豪斯新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of electronic kart |
| CN108712013B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2024-07-30 | 刘道生 | Iron core-free permanent magnet disc type braking motor and RV-C series speed reducer driven by same |
| CN109291785A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-01 | 武汉思得汽车科技有限公司 | A kind of motor assembly system of built-in retarder |
| CN115208092A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2022-10-18 | 深圳核心医疗科技有限公司 | Disk motor and control method thereof |
| JP7345054B2 (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2023-09-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | In-wheel motor |
| CN112277623B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-10-08 | 广东高能新动力科技有限公司 | New forms of energy load armored car wheel hub motor |
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| CN1160943A (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1997-10-01 | 有裕株式会社 | Coreless type BLDC motor and method of producing stator assembly |
| CN1343386A (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2002-04-03 | 赫尔穆特·席勒 | Electric machine |
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| US6974399B2 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2005-12-13 | Chiu-Hsiang Lo | Hub motor mechanism |
| GB0613570D0 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2006-08-16 | Imp Innovations Ltd | An electrical machine |
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| CN1160943A (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1997-10-01 | 有裕株式会社 | Coreless type BLDC motor and method of producing stator assembly |
| CN1343386A (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2002-04-03 | 赫尔穆特·席勒 | Electric machine |
| CN2486362Y (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2002-04-17 | 苏州小羚羊电动车有限公司 | Hub motor driven of electric bicycle |
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