CN1058322C

CN1058322C - Oil injection method of internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN1058322C
Application number: CN96117595A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金剑
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-06-26
Filing date: 1996-06-26
Publication date: 2000-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2016-06-26
Also published as: CN1150994A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a diesel engine with a spherical combustion chamber, and an oil spray method of the derivation engine type thereof based on an oil film combustion theory. The present invention can reserve the advantages of the diesel engine with a spherical combustion chamber and the derivation engine type thereof, can overcome the defects of the diesel engine with a spherical combustion chamber and the derivation engine type thereof, and can also further utilize the multiple-fuel characteristic of the diesel engine with a spherical combustion chamber so that the power of the engine is increased by more than 20% to 40% in certain occasions.

Description

A kind of fuel injecting method of internal-combustion engine and a kind of mechanical linkage selector valve

The present invention relates to a kind ofly be applicable to based on the fuel injecting method of the spherical combustion chamber diesel engine of film combustion theory and the type of deriving thereof and implement a kind of mechanical linkage selector valve of this method.Common diesel engine with direct injection has just become new " type of deriving " after adopting the present invention, also can obtain similar effect.

Existing just by the first trial of Patent Office of the People's Republic of China by me as unique inventor " " Sandieshi " oil sprayer for diesel engine ", do not announce formally that as yet its number of patent application is 95113051X.This invention has proposed a kind of new-type oil sprayer, and this new-type oil sprayer adopts the two-stage spring to control the stroke of same rigidity spool, and with the variation of course of injection pressure, spool will be in the minibreak of the position of two kinds of different stroke correspondences; Simultaneously, this invention has also proposed a kind of oil nozzle, this oil nozzle has an oblique spray orifice and an axonometer hole, the lower end that spool is positioned at the oil nozzle cone valve has a sliding valve structure in addition, can control the switching of non-axonometer spray orifice with the variation of spool stroke, thereby, when this new-type oil sprayer adopts above-mentioned oil nozzle, can change with the oil pressure that engine speed change causes, the injection order of two spray orifices of control, form three kinds of desirable combustion condition, this combination is equivalent to two conventional oil sprayers and a pressure order valve is combined, and therefore is known as triple-lap formula oil sprayer.Though this invention can overcome based on the shortcoming of the spherical combustion chamber diesel engine of film combustion theory and the type of deriving thereof and keep its original advantage, do not relate to alternately or use two kinds of fuel simultaneously to improve the method for engine power performance.

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of fuel injecting method, this method not only can overcome the shortcoming based on the spherical combustion chamber diesel engine and the type of deriving thereof of film combustion theory when using a kind of fuel, and can replace or the fuel that uses two kinds of different in kinds simultaneously to improve engine power performance greatly.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of mechanical linkage selector valve of this method of enforcement.

Fuel injecting method of the present invention by three parts promptly three subschemes forms, during actual the use, while or use these three parts can obtain different effects separately.1, the present invention adopts two oil sprayers.An oil sprayer sprays to form oil film along the downstream direction oil spout, and to form the space atomized spray, two oil spout directions are main jet oil direction to another oil sprayer along the direction oil spout that becomes mitre with air stream; Simultaneously, the present invention adopts the switching order and the time of two oil sprayers of conventional control technique control again, make fuel oil at delay period based on the oil film injection, based on the space atomized spray, the alternating spray by two main jets oil directions is to form desirable combustion condition at ormal combustion period.2, selector valve is installed with the type of fuel in control and the selection suction Injection Pump in the back of Injection Pump.3, use the double pump fuel feeding of synchronous interaction, a pump feeds to the oil film oil sprayer with diesel oil, and another pump feeds to the space emulsion block nozzle with gasoline, so, just can use diesel oil and gasoline simultaneously.2,3 two subschemes must with subscheme 1 coupling.

As mentioned above, fuel injecting method of the present invention comprises three subschemes.1, in first subscheme, the oil film in the delay period sprays and has reduced maximum outbreak pressure and pressure build-up rate, helps noise reduction and subtracts dirty and the employing supercharging technology; Space atomized spray in the ormal combustion period then makes motor have good acceleration performance.The blocked up pick-up of engine that influences promptly can not seem because of the formation speed of the relative mixed gas of oil film; Can adopt the space atomized spray to improve starting performance during starting.2, when first subscheme is used in combination with second subscheme, can make motor vehicle when rugged road traveling, use the gasoline that has good acceleration, then use the slower diesel oil of burning to reduce noise in densely populated area.3, when first subscheme was used in combination with the 3rd subscheme, what spray in the oil film oil sprayer was diesel oil, and its effect is described identical with first subscheme; In ormal combustion period, spray in the emulsion block nozzle of space be that vapo(u)rability is good, flame propagation speed, gasoline that excess air coefficient α is little, and the power of internal-combustion engine and excess air coefficient α are inversely proportional to, so, except that the described advantage of first subscheme is arranged, also can further improve engine power performance.Be illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is that first subscheme combines the compound scheme that the back constitutes with second subscheme.As figure, F is a diesel fuel tanks, and f is a petrol tank; E is an electric control reversing valve, and can control the selection fuel oil by the operator is from diesel fuel tanks F or petrol tank f; D is an Injection Pump; B, b are electric control reversing valve, by the control circuit control that comprises sensor, computer, can be according to rotating speed and the kind control oil film oil sprayer A of fuel oil and the switching order and the time of space emulsion block nozzle a of motor, make the interior injection based on oil film oil sprayer A of delay period, ormal combustion period is based on the injection of space emulsion block nozzle a.Injection that can space emulsion block nozzle a during starting is main to improve starting performance.

Fig. 2 is that first subscheme combines the compound scheme that constitutes with the 3rd subscheme, and as figure, F is a diesel fuel tanks; F is a petrol tank; E, e are relief valve, are used for the place oil circuit is let out oil sump tank because of being closed the unnecessary high pressure oil that produces; D, d are two synchronous Injection Pumps; B, b are the mechanical linkage selector valve, can be with the variation control oil film oil sprayer A of engine speed and oil spout order and the injection time of space emulsion block nozzle a.The working principle of mechanical linkage selector valve will be described in detail among Fig. 4 below.During starting, with the auxiliary spray hole generation space atomized spray of oil film oil sprayer A.

The principle of Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 is just the same, has just replaced the mechanical linkage selector valve with electric control reversing valve.As shown in the figure, F is a diesel fuel tanks, and f is a petrol tank; E, e are relief valve; D, d are Injection Pump; B, b are electric control reversing valve, under the control of the control circuit of forming by sensor, computer, and can be according to the rotating speed control oil film oil sprayer A of motor and oil spout order and the injection time of space emulsion block nozzle a.

Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of mechanical linkage selector valve shown in Figure 2.Be used to implement this mechanical linkage selector valve of fuel injecting method of the present invention, by spool 1, valve body 2, plug screw 3, adjustable lever 4 is formed, and constitutes two work systems.Spool cylndrical surface B1, the B2 of grease chamber, oil groove B3 constitutes a system, makes from the diesel oil of Injection Pump D through the B2 of grease chamber with the commencement of fuel supply is constant and oil groove B3 that the fuel feeding terminal point is variable flows to oil film oil sprayer A; Spool cylndrical surface b1, the b2 of grease chamber, oil groove b3 constitutes another system, makes the oil groove b3 that gasoline is variable through the b2 of grease chamber and the commencement of fuel supply, the fuel feeding terminal point is constant from Injection Pump d, flows to space emulsion block nozzle a.The spool 1 of this valve is mechanically in parallel with the plunger of Injection Pump D, d, is synchronized with the movement up and down with injection pump plunger.On adjustable lever 4 and the motor one independently centrifugal governor link to each other, with the variation of engine speed by with left-right rotation to change the time that spool 1 finishing bathtray B3 and b3 connect oil sprayer A and a.Spool shown in Figure 4 is positioned at extreme lower position, and this moment, internal-combustion engine rotational speed was zero.When fuel feeding began, oil groove B3 and oil film oil sprayer A connected, and along with the carrying out of fuel feeding process, spool moves upward, and its periphery B1 cuts off the fuel delivery of leading to oil film oil sprayer A; Simultaneously, the spool periphery B1 that disconnects oil circuit between b2 of grease chamber and the space emulsion block nozzle a has originally covered its stroke, and oil groove b3 connects b2 of grease chamber and space emulsion block nozzle a, makes its oil spout.Begin to lead to this section of oil circuit stroke of A corresponding to delay period from the B3 fuel feeding to the B1 cut-out.When engine speed raises, adjustable lever 4 on the motor one independently rotate under the drive of centrifugal governor, increase the stroke that oil groove B3 connects oil film oil sprayer A, reduce the stroke that oil groove b3 connects space emulsion block nozzle a, spray oil mass thereby increase oil film, reduce space atomized spray oil mass.When valve core rotation, the increase and decrease direction of the injection stroke of two each controls of oil groove is opposite, and total fuel delivery is constant substantially.Total fuel delivery is only relevant with the length of oil pump feed time, does not have direct relation with the independent oil supply stroke of each oil groove.As seen from Figure 4, when oil from same pump, promptly when the B2 of grease chamber and b2 supply with a kind of fuel oil by an oil pipe, oil film oil sprayer A, space emulsion block nozzle a is actually the triple-lap formula oil sprayer of a mechanical control type with the mechanical linkage selector valve.

Be illustrated for two examples more below.As locomotive internal combustion locomotive, if select first subscheme and second subscheme in conjunction with the scheme shown in Figure 1 that constitutes, in densely populated city, the station can use diesel oil as fuel to reduce noise, as sail into sparsely populated, the mountain area that the ramp is steeper, can control electric control reversing valve E commutation again, make fuel oil from petrol tank f.With respect to high-speed diesel engine, it is little more than 25% that the excess air coefficient of petrol engine is wanted, and therefore, the train internal combustion locomotive can make the power of motor increase more than 25% when using gasoline, be enough to overcome the ramp in mountain area, and needn't use two locomotives in some cases.In addition, usually the rotating speed of marine diesel engine is lower, the fuel oil that sprays in the delay period is less than 30% of total oil mass, excess air coefficient is higher more than 67% than petrol engine, so marine diesel engine is as if selecting for use first subscheme and the 3rd subscheme in conjunction with the Fig. 2 or the scheme shown in Figure 3 that form, in ormal combustion period, spray into more gasoline, can make the power ratio of motor use diesel oil about more than 47% merely.This shows, though scheme more complicated shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 is used in that the occasion of this use high-power diesel engine of internal combustion locomotive or million tons wheel still is worth.As for the triple-lap formula oil sprayer that only uses a kind of fuel oil, no matter be hydraulic control, automatically controlled, still mechanical control type all is more suitable for medium and small power diesel engine.

Claims

1, a kind of being applicable to based on the spherical combustion chamber diesel engine of film combustion theory and the fuel injecting method of the type of deriving thereof is characterized in that: it has the oil film of favorable current to spray and two main jet oil of the space atomized spray that becomes mitre with air-flow direction; After engine start, adopt control technique, make main injection oil spout that the oil film injection direction of one of two main jets oil directions produces preceding, the main injection oil spout that another space atomized spray main jet oil direction produces after, and when using diesel oil and gasoline at the same time, by the ejection of oil film injection direction, gasoline vapo(u)rability is good, flame propagation speed is sprayed by space atomized spray direction with diesel oil.

2, implement a kind of mechanical linkage selector valve of the described method of claim 1, this valve is by spool [1], valve body [2], plug screw [3], adjustable lever [4] is formed, it is characterized in that: mechanically being coupled on the spool [1] of synchronism mechanism with the injection pump of engine plunger has two independently oil grooves, the oil groove that leads to oil film oil spout direction is made into constant and the shape that the fuel feeding terminal point is variable of the commencement of fuel supply, it is variable that the oil groove that leads to space atomizing oil spout direction is made into the commencement of fuel supply, and the constant shape of fuel feeding terminal point; When spool [1] begins its delivery stroke with injection pump plunger by initial position, the oil groove that leads to oil film oil spout direction is opened, the oil groove that leads to space atomizing oil spout direction cuts out, through behind the LAP, the oil groove that leads to oil film oil spout direction cuts out, the oil groove that leads to space atomizing oil spout direction is opened, and finishes until delivery stroke; When adjustable lever [4] rotated spool [1], injection strokes of two each controls of oil groove changed in the opposite direction, oil film the ratio with the space atomized spray of spraying were changed and total fuel delivery of two oil grooves remains unchanged.