CN105325138A - Topping root-strengthening planting method for radix pseudostellariae - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a topping root-strengthening planting method for radix pseudostellariae. The method comprises the following steps: composting base fertilizer; uniformly scattering the fermentative mixed fertilizer on a prepared land parcel, using a plough to plough under the land or plough by manual work, and then performing deep ploughing, using manpower to plough or using an oxharrow to harrow in a fine and uniform manner, applying 80-90 kilograms of the fermentative mixed standby fertilizer on each mu; and removing seedling terminal buds in a vigorous growing period of the radix pseudostellariae. The method promotes increment of basal branches of the radix pseudostellariae plants, development of a root system, increment of the number of root tubers, acceleration of expansion of the root tubers, and achieves an objective of high-quality and high-yield. Yield of the radix pseudostellariae in each mu is correspondingly improved to 500 kilograms compared with conventional 300 kilograms.

Description

A kind of strong root implantation methods of pinching of radix pseudostellariae

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of radix pseudostellariae implantation methods, especially a kind of strong root implantation methods of pinching of radix pseudostellariae.

Background technology

Radix pseudostellariae is Caryophyllaceae caryophyllaceous ginseng pseudostellariaheterophlla(Miq.) the underground block root of PaxexPaxetHoffm., sweet, the micro-hardship of radix pseudostellariae taste, property is put down, and returns spleen, lung channel, has and replenish qi to invigorate the spleen, promoting production of body fluid and nourishing the lung effect.Radix pseudostellariae is China's medicinal herbs most in use simply, have long applicating history, and wild radix pseudostellariae is excavated by predatoriness, and resource is increasingly exhausted; Radix pseudostellariae also has ecological vegetable characteristic, and its plantation is strict to environmental requirement, the environmental ecological benefit that can bring.

conventional implantation methods

Selection of land and whole

1 selection of land: the soil is porous, fertile soil, the content of organic matter are enriched in selection, the sandy Huang bubble area, mud gentle slope that irrigation condition is good, plants in the crop rotation soil of more than 3 years.

2 wholely: after previous crops results, by soil deep tillage 25 about ㎝, before plantation, plough shallowly once, mu spreads fertilizer over the fields efficient compound fertilizer 15-20 kilograms, 20 kilograms, phosphate fertilizer again, and combination is broken up the clods, leveling rake is carefully mixed in soil, then the stretching row of cord is used, pull into the face, railway carriage or compartment of the wide 1.2m in railway carriage or compartment, after plantation terminates, guarantee railway carriage or compartment face width 1 meter, railway carriage or compartment furrow width 20 ㎝.

Plantation

Every mu of radix pseudostellariae fresh kind of root consumption about 30 about ㎏, plant line-spacing is that 5 × 6 ㎝ are emitted in the railway carriage or compartment got ready equably, then plays railway carriage or compartment, with scoop, ditch mamoty is gone out to cover face, railway carriage or compartment radix pseudostellariae seedling thickness and be about 6-7 ㎝, can irrigate normal root water in situation with good conditionsi.

Field management

1 weeds with a hoe and topdresses: carry out 1 intertill and clean tillage after neat seedling, can see that seedling imposes efficient compound fertilizer 10-15 kilograms in conjunction with weeding, to promote that growth of seedling is healthy and strong; See that grass just pulls out later, keep field without weeds; In the first tenday period of a month in May, plant seals row, can stop weeding.

2 ridgings: after emerging early spring, the furrow soil of thin ditch is put on furrow face, is spread on by strain, earths up, are conducive to root growth and grow.But thickness will at 1.5 below ㎝, unsuitable blocked up, otherwise it is long to affect basal part of stem strain blastogenesis.

3 row irrigations: flood is afraid of by radix pseudostellariae, want often to dredge ditch water discharge in time after rainy season and heavy rain.But be afraid of drought, with good conditionsily should to water during weather arid in good time, often keep ground moistening, impel root development.

The extermination of disease and insect pest

1 leaf spot: 4-May occur, harm blade, first encroach on lower blade, after gradually to vertical spread, blade produces withered spot, time serious, plant is withered.Prevention and controls: one is thoroughly remove the residual body of deadwood after results, and concentrate and burn; Two is strictly carry out crop rotation, unsuitable continuous cropping; Three is their early stage (i.e. mid-March emerges neat rear) sprayable 1:1:100 bordeaux mixture, every 7-10 days 1 time, continuous 3 times; Sprayable 50% carbendazim 500-1000 times of liquid, or 70% spraying topsin, 800 times of liquid, 7-10 days 1 time, connect spray 3 times.

2 soil insects: the mainly soil insect such as black cutworm, grub, mole cricket harm, the 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of available 20% fenpropathrin milk oil.

Pick and process

1 gathers: after the withered and yellow seedling of major part plant mid-July, except seed-plot, should excavate immediately, not receive, when meeting excessive rainfall, easily cause rotten if postpone.During results, first remove cauline leaf, then take block root, part of reserving seed for planting notes bud head of not damaging, and keeps ginseng body complete.

2 processing: clean radix pseudostellariae fresh goods with clear water, spread airing in the sun 2 days, treat ginseng body dehydration deliquescing, after fibrous root drying, in the second afternoon tissue accumulation rubbing, make fibrous root depart from ginseng body and become light ginseng bar, then shine to absolutely dry rear electric fan and blow away fibrous root and other impurity and powder and be radix pseudostellariae commercially available medicine.

The deficiency of above-mentioned implantation methods: one is that fertilizing method is simple, and its nutritive element composition is single, cannot meet the needs that radix pseudostellariae grows, and growing way is relatively poor; Two is that fertilizer does not carry out processing process, after applying soil, and contact or to burn seedling because heat release easily causes near the compound fertilizer granules of radix pseudostellariae seedling, burn root, field is short of seedling few seedling, emerges uneven; Three is the technical regulations that there is no need, and usually because the prosperous length of acrial part and excessive growth consume a large amount of nutrition and photosynthetic product, underground block root is few and elongated, and go into operation than unbalance, benefit is very poor.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a kind of strong root implantation methods of pinching of radix pseudostellariae, and promote that radix pseudostellariae plant base portion branch increases, well developed root system, block root number increases, and the large quickening of block root Peng, reaches the object of good quality and high output.

Technical scheme of the present invention comprises the steps:

1 base manure composting process

Base manure kind: one be nitrogen, phosphorus, the total nutrient component of potassium be 45% potassium sulfate type efficient compound fertilizer; Two is the soil conditioners of planting trace element containing more than 50;

By quality proportioning, in mass ratio, potassium sulfate type efficient compound fertilizer and soil conditioner are undertaken being mixed to form by 3:5 mix fertilizer, prepare enough radix pseudostellariae at necessary various nutritive element composition whole breeding time, improve soil;

By quality proportioning, above-mentioned mixing fertilizer and loose fine earth earth are pressed 1:6 mass ratio to be mixed in a huddle, cover plastic film seal and make its slowly heat release fermentation, fermentation time is 2-3 months, form mixed culture fermentation fertilizer for subsequent use, efficiently avoid because of fertiliser granulates heat release injury radix pseudostellariae seedling radical bud, cause field to be short of seedling few seedling underproduction phenomenon;

2 fertilisings

The mixing of above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer is sprinkled evenly on whole good plot, turns over plough or manually plough under in ground, then deep ploughing, with artificial plough or oxharrow rake is thin, rake all, execute the fertile 80-90 kilogram of fermentation mixing for standby use for every mu;

3 radix pseudostellariae prosperous long-term between remove seedling terminal bud.

Adopt said method, can suppress the prosperous length of radix pseudostellariae acrial part or excessive growth and consume nutrition, photosynthetic product is transported downwards, promote that radix pseudostellariae plant base portion branch increases, well developed root system, block root number increases, the large quickening of block root Peng, reaches the object of good quality and high output.Pinched by radix pseudostellariae, make its nutrition supply and accumulate downwards, cultivated strong sprout, improve the resistance against diseases of radix pseudostellariae plant, lateral bud riotous growth.Under normal circumstances, the individual plant block root number generally after topping treatment, than untreated individual plant block root number newly-increased more than 30%, brings up to 500 kilograms for 300 kilograms that the output of every mu of radix pseudostellariae is correspondingly more conventional.

Embodiment

Border of the county, Shibing is in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau second step to the excessive area of the East Hillside Plain first step, and whole physical features northwest is higher, and the southeast is lower, mean sea level about 800 meters, and belong to monsoon moist climate region, subtropics, warmer climate is moistening.Be suitable for radix pseudostellariae plantation.

The preparation of 1 composite fertilizer

By quality proportioning, 45% potassium sulfate type efficient compound fertilizer 300 kilograms is carried out being mixed to form mix fertilizer with the soil conditioner Nong Meixin 500 kilograms planting trace element containing more than 50;

By quality proportioning, fertile for above-mentioned mixing 800 kilograms and 4800 kilograms, soil are mixed, in a huddle, cover plastic film seal fermentation, fermentation time 2 months, described soil is exactly fine earth on field or slope;

2 fertilisings

The mixing of above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer is sprinkled evenly on whole good plot, turns over plough or manually plough under in ground, then deep ploughing, with artificial plough or oxharrow rake is thin, rake all, execute fertile 80 kilograms of fermentation mixing for every mu;

3 pairs of prosperous length of radix pseudostellariae and excessive growth seedling remove terminal bud, 3-5 month is radix pseudostellariae peak of growing season, because base fertilizer is sufficient, upwards prosperous length and the excessive growth of major part radix pseudostellariae plant, in order to avoid the inaction consumption of nutrition, wipe out 2, the top young leaves comprising top bud with scissors, promote that the native table of base portion and the soil newborn block root of interior a large amount of sprouting and base portion paraclade are sturdy, promote that radix pseudostellariae block root Peng is large.

The radix pseudostellariae of this method plantation can reach the requirement of national traditional Chinese medicine quality control procedure, and radix pseudostellariae quality high-quality, safety, can substitute the medical value of wild radix pseudostellariae completely, and radix pseudostellariae crop cycle is short, high efficiency, becomes the leading industry of peasant programme.

Claims (1)

1. a strong root implantation methods of pinching for radix pseudostellariae, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

(1) base manure composting process

Base manure kind: one be nitrogen, phosphorus, the total nutrient component of potassium be 45% potassium sulfate type efficient compound fertilizer; Two is the soil conditioners of planting trace element containing more than 50;

By quality proportioning, mix fertilizer by potassium sulfate type efficient compound fertilizer and soil conditioner are undertaken being mixed to form by 3:5, prepared enough radix pseudostellariae at necessary various nutritive element composition whole breeding time, improved soil;

By quality proportioning, above-mentioned mixing fertilizer and loose fine earth earth are pressed 1:6 mass ratio to be mixed in a huddle, cover plastic film seal and make its slowly heat release fermentation, fermentation time is 2-3 months, form mixed culture fermentation fertilizer for subsequent use, efficiently avoid because of fertiliser granulates heat release injury radix pseudostellariae seedling radical bud, cause field to be short of seedling few seedling underproduction phenomenon;

(2) apply fertilizer

The mixing of above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer is sprinkled evenly on whole good plot, turns over plough or manually plough under in ground, then deep ploughing, with artificial plough or oxharrow rake is thin, rake all, execute the fertile 80-90 kilogram of fermentation mixing for standby use for every mu;

(3) radix pseudostellariae prosperous long-term between remove the terminal bud of seedling.