CN105026753A - 用于燃料喷射系统的高压泵 - Google Patents

用于燃料喷射系统的高压泵 Download PDF

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CN105026753A
CN105026753A CN201480012852.0A CN201480012852A CN105026753A CN 105026753 A CN105026753 A CN 105026753A CN 201480012852 A CN201480012852 A CN 201480012852A CN 105026753 A CN105026753 A CN 105026753A
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pump
cam
roller
pressure service
live axle
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CN105026753B (zh
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F·伯金
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/04Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by special arrangement of cylinders with respect to piston-driving shaft, e.g. arranged parallel to that shaft or swash-plate type pumps
    • F02M59/06Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by special arrangement of cylinders with respect to piston-driving shaft, e.g. arranged parallel to that shaft or swash-plate type pumps with cylinders arranged radially to driving shaft, e.g. in V or star arrangement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0408Pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0413Cams
    • F04B1/0417Cams consisting of two or more cylindrical elements, e.g. rollers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0426Arrangements for pressing the pistons against the actuated cam; Arrangements for connecting the pistons to the actuated cam
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • F04B9/04Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
    • F04B9/042Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being cams

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于燃料喷射系统、尤其共轨喷射系统的高压泵,包括泵壳体(1),在该泵壳体内容纳有至少两个在径向上围绕驱动轴(2)布置的泵元件(3、3’),其中,每个泵元件(3、3’)具有一泵活塞(4、4’),该泵活塞经由挺杆组件(5、5’)间接地支撑在该驱动轴(2)的凸轮(6)上,使得所述泵活塞(4、4’)能够通过该驱动轴(2)的转动而被驱动进行往复直线运动。根据本发明,挺杆组件(5、5’)包括滚子(7、7’),所述滚子关于驱动轴(2)的纵轴线(A)而言在轴向上以及在它们的角度位置方面彼此错位地贴靠在该凸轮(6)的外周面(8)上。

Description

用于燃料喷射系统的高压泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有权利要求1前序部分特征的用于燃料喷射系统、尤其共轨喷射系统的高压泵。
背景技术
例如由公开文献DE10 2009 026 735 A1已知一种上述类型的高压泵。它具有三个在一个径向平面中围绕驱动轴布置的泵元件,所述泵元件的泵活塞能够被与该驱动轴连接的双凸轮驱动进行往复运动。与2柱塞泵相比,所提出的布置要消除流量限制问题。为此双凸轮具有两个彼此错位180°布置的突起。关于穿过双凸轮的纵轴线而言,所述三个泵元件中的两个镜面对称地、分别相对于该双凸轮的纵轴线成30°角间距地布置。第三泵元件关于双凸轮的纵轴线的角间距为90°。
为了使驱动轴的转动运动转变为泵元件的泵活塞的往复直线运动,每个泵活塞通过滚子挺杆支撑在双凸轮的外周面上。然而滚子挺杆的所述三个依次在双凸轮的外周面上滚过的滚子使该双凸轮的磨损增加。结果该高压泵的使用寿命缩短。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,给出一种所述类型的高压泵,其使用寿命明显地被提高。
该任务通过具有权利要求1的特征的高压泵解决。该高压泵的有利扩展方案在从属权利要求中给出。
所提出的用于燃料喷射系统、尤其共轨喷射系统的高压泵包括泵壳体,在该泵壳体内容纳有至少两个径向地围绕驱动轴布置的泵元件。在此,每个泵元件具有一个泵活塞,该泵活塞经过挺杆组件间接地支撑在该驱动轴的凸轮上,使得所述泵活塞能够通过该驱动轴的转动被驱动进行往复直线运动。根据本发明,挺杆组件包括滚子,所述滚子关于驱动轴的纵轴线A而言在轴向上以及在它们角度位置方面彼此错位地贴靠在凸轮的外周面上。通过滚子的轴向错位,它们不是相续地、而是在轴向上错位地、优选并排地在凸轮的外周面上滚动。以此方式显著降低凸轮外周面上的摩擦应力以及由此引起的磨损。例如,如果滚子并排地、而不是相续地在凸轮的外周面上滚过,则在具有两个其泵活塞分别通过挺杆组件支承在凸轮上的泵元件的高压泵中,应力以及磨损减到一半,也就是说,两个滚子的滚动面不允许重叠。如果满足该前提,则高压泵的使用寿命能够提高两倍。
为了还保证滚子与凸轮的优化的摩擦接触,提出,凸轮相应于滚子的轴向错位而加宽。这适用于在必要时在设计高压泵的泵壳体时加以考虑。
当前对于滚子的位置和布置方面提出的要求类似地在泵元件的泵活塞或者泵元件本身的位置和布置方面也适用。这是因为,泵活塞和挺杆组件通常关于泵元件的纵轴线而言同轴线地布置,以产生优化的力传递。因此,如果当前谈到滚子彼此间的轴向错位或者角间距,这也相应地适用于泵活塞或者泵元件彼此间的轴向错位或者角间距。
根据本发明优选实施例,滚子彼此间的轴向错位分别为至少一个滚子宽度。以这种方式保证,滚子的滚动面不重叠,而是相互并排,必要时彼此有间距。通过滚子的滚动面不重叠,可以使凸轮外周面区域内的应力、从而磨损降低到最小。
凸轮的外周面的宽度优选等于滚子宽度总和或者大于滚子宽度总和。在凸轮相应构造的情况下,滚子能够在它们的整个宽度上支撑在凸轮上,而它们的滚动面不相交。由此不仅保证降低凸轮外周面区域中的磨损,而且还保证滚子的优化的支撑。
如已经提过的那样,多个挺杆组件的滚子在它们的角度位置方面也是彼此错位的。角度错位α在此可为60°、90°或者120°。最佳的角度错位还与凸轮的具体构造和/或泵元件的数量并从而与要支撑在该凸轮上的泵活塞的数量相关。该角度错位使得多个泵元件的泵活塞能够这样地被驱动进行往复直线运动:它们分别在时间上错开地到达其上止点。
例如该凸轮可构造为双凸轮,具有两个彼此错位180°地布置的突起。在这样的双凸轮上,优选两个泵活塞各经过一个挺杆组件支撑在凸轮上,它们的滚子错位90°以及处于不同的径向平面中。在相应地布置这两个泵元件的情况下,该双凸轮使得两个泵元件的泵活塞反向运动。也就是说,一个泵活塞实施输送行程而另一个泵活塞实施抽吸行程。以这种方式能够仅用一个凸轮而提高该高压泵的输送功率。
为了用一个凸轮、尤其双凸轮来驱动多个在轴向上彼此错位地或者说在不同径向平面中布置的泵元件,该凸轮优选构造得更宽。然而替代地,该凸轮也可以多体式地、尤其两体式地构造。那么该凸轮的这多个部分在轴向上彼此错位地、尤其并排地、然而以相同的角度位置布置在驱动轴上。
根据本发明的特别优选的实施方式,在泵壳体中容纳有至少两个泵元件,这些泵元件布置在不同的径向平面中和错位的角度位置中。这样的高压泵尤其适合于使用在共轨喷射系统中。
附图说明
接下来借助附图详细地阐述本发明的优选实施方式。附图示出:
图1 穿过本发明高压泵的优选实施方式的纵剖面和
图2 穿过图1的高压泵的横剖面。
具体实施方式
图1示出的本发明高压泵具有多体式的泵壳体1,在该泵壳体内容纳有两个泵元件3、3',这些泵元件关于驱动轴2的纵轴线A而言布置在不同的在径向平面中,也就是说在轴向上彼此错位,并且布置在不同的角度位置中。该轴向错位为一个滚子宽度b或者b',使得挺杆组件5、5'的滚子7、7'彼此并排地布置。在它们的角度位置方面,两个泵元件3、3'彼此错位角度α=90°地布置(见图2)。
每个泵元件3、3'具有一个泵活塞4、4',所述泵活塞经过挺杆组件5、5'或者说对应挺杆组件5、5的滚子7、7'支撑在凸轮6的外周面8上。因此,当驱动轴转动运动时,泵活塞4、4'被驱动进行往复直线运动。
凸轮6构造为180°双凸轮(见图2)并且包括两个固定连接的部分。也可以替换地取代多体式凸轮6而使用一个凸轮,该凸轮具有更大的宽度a。所示出的两体式的凸轮6的宽度a当前相当于滚子7、7'的滚子宽b、b'的总和(见图1)。
两个泵元件3、3'在不同的径向平面和角度位置中的布置的结果是,产生一种具有传统的两柱塞泵的两倍长使用寿命的两柱塞泵。这是因为,由于两个挺杆组件5、5的滚子7、7'不具有重叠的滚动面,因而凸轮6的外周面8的应力以及磨损与具有布置在一个径向平面中的两个泵元件的传统两柱塞泵相比降低一半。
本发明高压泵的较高使用寿命可保证长的运行时间,使得它不仅适合用在小轿车中,而且还适合用商用车和载重车中。

Claims (7)

1.用于燃料喷射系统、尤其共轨喷射系统的高压泵,包括泵壳体(1),在该泵壳体内容纳有至少两个径向地围绕驱动轴(2)布置的泵元件(3、3'),其中,每个泵元件(3、3')具有一泵活塞(4、4'),该泵活塞经由挺杆组件(5、5')间接地支撑在该驱动轴(2)的凸轮(6)上,使得所述泵活塞(4、4')能够通过该驱动轴(2)的转动而被驱动进行往复直线运动,
其特征为,所述挺杆组件(5、5')包括滚子(7、7'),所述滚子关于所述驱动轴(2)的纵轴线(A)而言在轴向上以及在它们的角度位置方面彼此错位地贴靠在该凸轮(6)的外周面(8)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高压泵,其特征为,所述滚子(7、7')相对彼此的轴向错位分别为至少一个滚子宽(b、b')。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高压泵,其特征为,所述凸轮(6)的外周面(8)具有宽度(a),该宽度等于所述滚子(7、7')的宽度(b、b')的总和或者大于所述滚子(7、7')的宽度(b、b')的总和。
4.根据以上权利要求之一所述的高压泵,其特征为,所述滚子(7、7')相对彼此的错位角度(α)为60°、90°或者120°。
5.根据以上权利要求之一所述的高压泵,其特征为,所述凸轮(6)构造为双凸轮,该双凸轮具有两个相对彼此错位180°布置的突起。
6.根据以上权利要求之一所述的高压泵,其特征为,所述凸轮(6)多体式地、尤其两体式地构造,其中,优选至少两个部分彼此轴向错位地并且以相同的角度位置布置在所述驱动轴(2)上。
7.根据以上权利要求之一所述的高压泵,其特征为,在所述泵壳体(1)中容纳有至少两个泵元件(3、3'),所述至少两个泵元件在不同的径向平面中并且以错开的角度位置布置。
CN201480012852.0A 2013-03-07 2014-01-30 用于燃料喷射系统的高压泵 Active CN105026753B (zh)

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DE102013203874.7 2013-03-07
DE102013203874 2013-03-07
DE102013206025.4 2013-04-05
DE102013206025.4A DE102013206025A1 (de) 2013-03-07 2013-04-05 Hochdruckpumpe für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem
PCT/EP2014/051767 WO2014135313A1 (de) 2013-03-07 2014-01-30 Hochdruckpumpe für ein kraftstoffeinspritzsystem

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DE102014225982A1 (de) 2014-12-16 2016-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pumpe, insbesondere Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe
GB2570154A (en) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-17 Delphi Tech Ip Ltd High pressure diesel fuel pump
DE102019208179A1 (de) * 2019-06-05 2020-12-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pumpe, insbesondere Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe
CN116324156A (zh) 2020-09-24 2023-06-23 康明斯有限公司 带有用于凸角间隙的泄压切口的泵壳体

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CN105026753B (zh) 2018-06-05
WO2014135313A1 (de) 2014-09-12
EP2964954B1 (de) 2019-05-01
DE102013206025A1 (de) 2014-09-11
EP2964954A1 (de) 2016-01-13

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