CN104629709A - Clean fracturing fluid for low-temperature coal bed gas reservoir and application thereof - Google Patents
Clean fracturing fluid for low-temperature coal bed gas reservoir and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104629709A CN104629709A CN201310571933.1A CN201310571933A CN104629709A CN 104629709 A CN104629709 A CN 104629709A CN 201310571933 A CN201310571933 A CN 201310571933A CN 104629709 A CN104629709 A CN 104629709A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fracturing fluid
- clean fracturing
- trimethyl ammonium
- salicylate
- water
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 11
- ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium salicylate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 7
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 6
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010010214 Compression fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 by weight percentage Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012747 synergistic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/602—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation containing surfactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/665—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing inorganic compounds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a clean fracturing fluid for a low-temperature coal bed gas reservoir and application thereof; 0.2 to 0.4 percent of cationic surfactant; 0.10 to 0.15 percent of salicylate; 1.0 to 1.5 percent of potassium chloride; 0.06% of pH regulator; 0.06-0.08% of residue-preventing agent; the balance of water; the cationic surfactant is selected from cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or cetrimonamide; adding water into a large liquid preparation tank, sequentially adding salicylate, potassium chloride, a pH regulator and a residue preventing agent under the stirring condition, adding a cationic surfactant after complete dissolution, and enabling the concentration or viscosity of liquid in the large tank to be uniform under the stirring condition, wherein the temperature of the obtained clean fracturing liquid for the fractured coal bed gas reservoir is 15-30 ℃.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal-seam gas production gas technology field, the fracturing liquid of particularly CBM Fracturing transformation is a kind of clean fracturing fluid being applicable to low temperature coalbed methane reservoir.
Background technology
China's coalbed methane reservoir rate of permeation is low, and the fracturing liquid of use is mainly active water fracturing liquid and gelled fracturing fluid.Active water fracturing liquid, simple owing to preparing, less to the injury in coal seam, be widely used in coal bed fracturing, but active water is by the impact of himself rheological, the scale of fracturing reform is restricted.Meanwhile, in order to ensure to add sand smoothly, the of the fracturing fluid operational discharge capacity of active water is usually higher, and like this, crack extending longitudinally wayward, is difficult to form long supporting crack, is unfavorable for the effect improving the transformation of coal bed gas well individual well.Frozen glue is utilized to carry out pressure break, the scale of pressure break can be improved, longer supporting crack can be formed, but thoroughly broken glue is more difficult for gelled fracturing fluid usually, even if thoroughly broken glue, after broken glue, in fracturing liquid, remaining solid matter also can block hole and the crack in coal seam, causes serious injury coal seam.Fracturing fluid system of the present invention preparation is easy to use, without residue, the advantage such as preventive effect of expansion is good, little to reservoir damage, heatproof anti-shear performance is good, can meet the needs that hypotonic, low temperature coal bed fracturing is transformed.
" clean fracturing fluid and the application thereof " of China Petroleum Univ.'s application, publication number: CN101481608, it is as follows that content of component pressed by the fracturing liquid in this invention: thickening material 50 ~ 80 parts, salicylate 10 ~ 35 parts, gel breaker 2 ~ 5 parts.Clean fracturing fluid is used for oil field compression fracture, the aqueous solution of 2 ~ 6% mass percents is made into after each component mixes by mass parts by site of deployment, stir, then squeeze into down-hole together with fracturing propping agents, the clean fracturing fluid fracturing propping agents of this invention are uniformly dispersed, broken glue is thorough.Shortcoming is: do not have Repone K in formula; The main component of thickening material is not described; Of the fracturing fluid adaptation reservoir temperature etc. is not described.
" harmless clean fracturing fluid " of Shaanxi Hai'an Industry Co., Ltd.'s application, publication number: CN101298555. provides a kind of harmless clean fracturing fluid, comprise quaternary ammonium alkyl salt mixture, gegenion salt, low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water, concentration of aqueous solution is 2 ~ 6%, by weight quaternary ammonium alkyl salt mixture: gegenion salt: low-carbon alcohol=6:3:1.The features such as it is simple that the present invention has formula, and with low cost, leak-off is little, and recovery of core permeability is high, noresidue, easy discharge.This of the fracturing fluid weak point is: do not have Repone K in formula; Thickening material is the mixture of 12 ~ 18 carbon alkyl quaternary ammonium saltss, poorer than octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride thickening capabilities, heat resistance is poor.
" non-injury fracturing fluid " of Daqing Oil Field Co., Ltd's application, publication number: CN1439691, relates to the composition of oil field non-injury fracturing fluid.Formulated by host hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, auxiliary agent sodium salicylate and water, by weight percentage, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, auxiliary agent sodium salicylate and water are formulated, by weight percentage, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide accounts for 0.1 ~ 4%, sodium salicylate accounts for 0.1 ~ 1%, and water accounts for 95 ~ 99.8%.It is simple that the present invention has formula, with low cost, and the injury of formation core permeability is little, and recovery of core permeability is high, noresidue, easily the advantage of the row of returning.This of the fracturing fluid weak point is: do not have Repone K in formula, the shortcomings such as thickening material is cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, poorer than octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride thickening capabilities, heat resistance is poor, price is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: a kind of clean fracturing fluid is provided, improve the fracturing effect in hyposmosis, low temperature coal seam, reduce the injury of fracturing liquid formation, improve pressing crack construction success ratio, reach transformation reservoir and can protect coal seam again.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
1. cats product, 0.2% ~ 0.4%;
2. salicylate, 0.10% ~ 0.15%;
3. Repone K, 1.0% ~ 1.5%;
4. pH adjusting agent, 0.06%;
5. anti-residue agent, 0.06% ~ 0.08%;
All the other are water, and each weight percentages of components sum is absolutely;
The preferred palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride of wherein said cats product, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, western bent sulfanilamide (SN).
The synergistic agent of potassium hydroxide as clean fracturing fluid is used, greatly improves the viscosity of fracturing fluid system, and can the pH value of regulation system, prevent damage from acid susceptivity.
During onsite application clean fracturing fluid, in the large tank of dosing, add water, add sodium salicylate, Repone K, pH adjusting agent and anti-residue agent under agitation successively, add octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride more until completely dissolved.Under agitation, make the concentration of large pot liquid or viscous consistency consistent, the clean fracturing fluid obtained is for being 15 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C by the temperature in pressure break coal seam.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: clean fracturing fluid of the present invention, has taken into full account the compatibility of of the fracturing fluid rheological property and reservoir, has solved the water fire extinguishing of of the fracturing fluid level of residue and reservoir preferably, little to reservoir damage.Be applicable to reservoir temperature 15 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, clean fracturing fluid preparation is easy to use, without residue, put swollen effective, the advantage such as heatproof anti-shear performance is good, can meet hypotonic, the needs of low temperature coalbed methane reservoir fracturing reform.There is following features:
1, clean fracturing fluid pH value 9 ~ 10, crosslinking time is adjustable at 1 ~ 3 minute;
2, anti-shear performance is good, at 27 DEG C, 170s
-1time continuous shear stress 2 hours, viscosity>=27mpas;
3, taking grittiness can be good, sand settling velocity≤0.20cm/min 27 DEG C time.
4, broken colloidality can be good, adds gel breaker, at 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C constant-temperature enclosed placement 6h ~ 8h, breaking glue solution viscosity≤5mpas;
5, good to anti-clayswelling stabilising effect, anti-dilative >=90%;
6, filtration property is good, leakoff coefficent≤9.3 × 10
-4mmin
-1/2, initial filter loss≤17.174m
3/ m
2, fluid loss rate≤1.6 × 10
-4m/min.
7, to configuration water quality without strict demand, deployment cost is low, and breaking glue solution and resident fluid compatibility strong.
Invention effect
The present invention efficiently solves fracturing liquid to low temperature coalbed methane reservoir injury problem, improves the fracturing effect in hyposmosis, low temperature coal seam, reaches and not only effectively transformed coalbed methane reservoir but also the object reduced reservoir damage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the anti-residue agent fracturing fluid system of 0.4%1831+0.15% sodium salicylate+1.0%KCL+0.06%PH conditioning agent+0.08% and clear water frictional resistance comparison diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4%; Sodium salicylate, 0.15%; Repone K, 1.0%; PH adjusting agent, 0.06%; Anti-residue agent, 0.08%; Clear water, 98.31%.
Preparation clean fracturing fluid: add water in the large tank of dosing, add successively under agitation salicylate, Repone K, pH adjusting agent and anti-residue agent, add octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride more until completely dissolved.Under agitation, make the concentration of large pot liquid or viscous consistency consistent, the clean fracturing fluid obtained 27 DEG C, 100s
-1, shear 10 minutes, viscosity is 30mpas, and sand settling velocity is 0.128cm/min.
Embodiment 2:
The each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.3%; Sodium salicylate, 0.15%; Repone K, 1.0%; PH adjusting agent, 0.06%; Anti-residue agent, 0.08%; Clear water, 98.41%.Be configured to clean fracturing fluid, 27 DEG C, 100s
-1, shear 10 minutes, viscosity is 25mpas, and sand settling velocity is 0.20cm/min.
Embodiment 3:
The each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4%; Salicylate, 0.15%; Repone K, 1.0%; PH adjusting agent, 0.06%; Anti-residue agent, 0.08%; Clear water, 98.31%.Be configured to clean fracturing fluid, 27 DEG C, 100s
-1, shear 10 minutes, viscosity is 25mpas, and sand settling velocity is 0.19cm/min.
Embodiment 4:
The each weight percentages of components of clean fracturing fluid is: western bent sulfanilamide (SN), 0.3%; Salicylate, 0.15%; Repone K, 1.0%; PH adjusting agent, 0.06%; Anti-residue agent, 0.08%; Clear water, 98.41%.Be configured to clean fracturing fluid, 27 DEG C, 100s
-1, shear 10 minutes, viscosity is 27mpas, and sand settling velocity is 0.16cm/min.
Claims (3)
1. be applicable to a clean fracturing fluid for low temperature coalbed methane reservoir, it is characterized in that: each weight percentages of components is:
1. cats product, 0.2% ~ 0.4%;
2. salicylate, 0.10% ~ 0.15%;
3. Repone K, 1.0% ~ 1.5%;
4. pH adjusting agent, 0.06%;
5. anti-residue agent, 0.06% ~ 0.08%;
All the other are water, and each weight percentages of components sum is absolutely;
Described cats product is selected from palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or western bent sulfanilamide (SN).
2. the clean fracturing liquid and preparation method thereof being applicable to low temperature coalbed methane reservoir according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: first, water is added in the large tank of dosing, add successively under agitation salicylate, Repone K, pH adjusting agent and anti-residue agent, add cats product more until completely dissolved, under agitation, make the concentration of large pot liquid or viscous consistency consistent.
3. the clean fracturing fluid application of a low temperature coalbed methane reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pressure break that the clean fracturing fluid obtained is applicable to 15 ~ 30 DEG C of coalbed methane reservoirs is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310571933.1A CN104629709A (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2013-11-13 | Clean fracturing fluid for low-temperature coal bed gas reservoir and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310571933.1A CN104629709A (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2013-11-13 | Clean fracturing fluid for low-temperature coal bed gas reservoir and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104629709A true CN104629709A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
Family
ID=53208966
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310571933.1A Pending CN104629709A (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2013-11-13 | Clean fracturing fluid for low-temperature coal bed gas reservoir and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104629709A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107652964A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-02 | 成都凯米拉科技有限公司 | A kind of oil recovery fracturing fluid gelatinizer |
| CN107722960A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-23 | 成都凯米拉科技有限公司 | A kind of production technology for fracturing fluid gelatinizer |
| CN110257040A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-09-20 | 山东科技大学 | It is a kind of for the clean fracturing liquid system of coal-bed flooding and its application |
| CN110284921A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-09-27 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of severe inclined thick coal seam mash gas harnessing method based on binary complex liquid |
| CN110938419A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-31 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院 | Low-freezing-point liquid recoverable clean fracturing fluid thickening agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111876141A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-03 | 山东科技大学 | Clean fracturing fluid, preparation method and application of clean fracturing fluid in coal seam water injection |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107652964A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-02 | 成都凯米拉科技有限公司 | A kind of oil recovery fracturing fluid gelatinizer |
| CN107722960A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-23 | 成都凯米拉科技有限公司 | A kind of production technology for fracturing fluid gelatinizer |
| CN110257040A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-09-20 | 山东科技大学 | It is a kind of for the clean fracturing liquid system of coal-bed flooding and its application |
| CN110284921A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-09-27 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of severe inclined thick coal seam mash gas harnessing method based on binary complex liquid |
| WO2020215521A1 (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-29 | 山东科技大学 | Binary composite fluid-based gas treatment method for steeply inclined extra-thick coal seam |
| CN110938419A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-31 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院 | Low-freezing-point liquid recoverable clean fracturing fluid thickening agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111876141A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-03 | 山东科技大学 | Clean fracturing fluid, preparation method and application of clean fracturing fluid in coal seam water injection |
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