CN103546079B - Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor - Google Patents
Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103546079B CN103546079B CN201210236249.3A CN201210236249A CN103546079B CN 103546079 B CN103546079 B CN 103546079B CN 201210236249 A CN201210236249 A CN 201210236249A CN 103546079 B CN103546079 B CN 103546079B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method and a novel device for controlling a series excited motor. The series excited motor is wide in rotating speed adjusting range, high in overload capacity and large in moment at low rotating speed, thereby having quite large starting torque and soft mechanical property and being widely applied in various industrial fields. Reversing control of the series excited motor is realized through an externally-connected reversing contactor in a conventional direct-current brush-type series excited motor control method, chopping speed adjusting is realized by adopting a power device inside a controller, and the conventional method has the disadvantages that the reversing contactor is high in cost and poor in stability and reliability and can generate sparking, arcing, adhering and the like during hot-line work, thereby seriously influencing service life and reliability of a system, and dynamic property is poor. By a topological structure, smooth reversing of a direct-current series excited motor can be realized in a contactor-free manner through a power electronic device, and reversing and motor modulation are integrated, so that the number of used switch devices is reduced, cost and thermal power consumption of the system are lowered, and efficiency and dynamic property of the system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of new series machine control method and device.It is related to brush direct current motor control realization electronics
Commutation control, and improve power density and the dynamic property of DC motor speed drive system, the stability of lift system, reliability,
And reduce system cost.
Background technology
With the fast development of Power Electronic Technique, power electronic equipment is obtained for and is widely applied.At present, unidirectional current
Machine and its control system are widely used in fields such as servo speed governing, new-energy automobiles.
Traditional DC brush series machine control method is to realize series machine commutation control by external directional contactor
System.Inside controller, chopping regulating speed is realized using power device.The defect of this kind of method is：Directional contactor high cost, surely
Qualitative, poor reliability, occurs the phenomenons such as sparking, arcing, adhesion when belt current operates, and has a strong impact on lifetime of system, reliability
Property, and dynamic characteristic is poor.
In former patent, also relate to control method and the device of series machine, for example：Chinese invention patent Shen
Please patent number for 201010202364.X, disclose a kind of under conditions of not against current sensor, achievable direct current string
The method encouraging the no contact electronic security(ELSEC) commutation of motor.Its method is the full-bridge circuit using thyristor composition
Realize the commutation of direct current series-excited motor winding, and the half-bridge chopper circuit using thyristor composition and commutation afterflow two
Pole pipe controls the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of direct current series-excited motor and armature winding electric current equal, by the switch chopper circuit in half-bridge circuit
Adjust the electromagnetic torque size of direct current series-excited motor.
Chinese invention patent application number is 201010166489.1 patent, discloses one kind and can eliminate because of electronic commutation volume
The electric spark unfavorable factor brought outward and the arcing of electromagnetic treadle and the problem of reliability, make whole direct current series-excited motor drive
Dynamic system operation stability improves, the method for life.Its method is individually to control Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection real using full-bridge circuit
The control of existing bidirectional current, using half-bridge chopper circuit（Same Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection）The one direction current control of armature winding is implemented separately
Come to guarantee moment commutate, in the same size by Current Feedback Control two winding current, so guarantee commutate transient process because of electricity
The electric spark unfavorable factor that son commutation additionally brings is eliminated, and realizes the no contact electronic security(ELSEC) commutation of direct current series-excited motor.
Foregoing invention patent is from physically including reversing unit and motor modulating unit simultaneously, and needs reversing unit
It is separately controlled with modulating unit, control logic is more complicated with structure, cause the extra heat power consumption of system to increase, efficiency reduces and cost
High.
For disadvantages described above, reversing unit is physically being merged by the present invention with modulating unit.Than traditional structure,
Decrease because of catalyst arcing, adhesion and the potential safety hazard that leads to, and dynamic characteristic and the power density of system are greatly improved.
Than other electronic commutation structures, the switching device quantity being adopted reduces, and system cost reduces, and can significantly improve unidirectional current
The speed adjusting performance of machine governing system, reliability and stability, reduce system heat power consumption simultaneously, improve system effectiveness.
Content of the invention
Topological structure proposed by the present invention can pass through power electronic devices, realize direct current series-excited motor no contact smooth change
To, and it is integrated with motor modulation to commutate, thus reducing system cost and heat power consumption, improves system effectiveness.
First, the H bridge construction being become using set of power switches, is realized commutation control simultaneously and is modulated with motor（As Fig. 1,
2）, this addresses the problem the fault of construction existing for traditional structure and other electronic commutation structure.
Secondly, it is operated in copped wave by controlling H bridge portion switching device（PWM）State, is simultaneously achieved the high property of motor
Can control.To commutate with motor modulate integrated, thus eliminating the power device dedicated for motor chopping modulation, reduce by
The heat power consumption that power device leads to, reduces cost, improves system effectiveness, and power density gets a promotion, the dynamic of system
Can be improved.
Additionally, the break-make of power device can carry out real-time control by DSP or singlechip controller, it is easy to accomplish intelligent
Control, system modular degree high it is easy to large-scale industrial production and detection.
In the present invention, power electronic devices can be using MOSFET, IGBT, GTO, IGCT, IGCT, audion etc. all kinds of half
Conductor device.Power electronic devices comprises the fly-wheel diode of parallel connection.
The present invention includes two kinds of connected modes, mode one：Including a fly-wheel diode, a full-bridge circuit, in one
Centre signal processing unit, one group of gate drive circuit；The flash common port of wherein full-bridge circuit is connected to dc bus positive potential；
Two outfans of full-bridge circuit are connected to the two ends of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection；Fly-wheel diode is in parallel with armature winding；Fly-wheel diode
Negative electrode be connected to the low side common port of full-bridge circuit；The anode of fly-wheel diode is connected to the negative pole of DC bus-bar voltage；Door
Control circuit controls the switch of the semiconductor device of full-bridge circuit；Central signal processing unit sends control logic letter to gate-control signal
Number.
Mode two：Including a fly-wheel diode, a full-bridge circuit, a central signal processing unit, one group of gate pole
Drive circuit；Fly-wheel diode is in parallel with armature winding, and the negative electrode of diode is connected to busbar voltage positive potential；Anode is connected to full-bridge
The flash common port of circuit；Two outputs of full-bridge circuit are terminated at the two ends of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection；The low side common port of full-bridge circuit
It is connected to DC bus-bar voltage nagative potential；Gating circuit controls the switch of the semiconductor device of full-bridge circuit；Central signal processes single
Unit sends control logic signal to gate-control signal.
Brief description：
Fig. 1 is connected mode one topology diagram of new series machine control method and device
Fig. 2 is connected mode two topology diagram of new series machine control method and device
The constitutional diagram of Fig. 3 on off state
Specific embodiment：
The present invention is new series machine control method and apparatus system, and its realization is generally basede on total digital controller.Entirely
Digital display circuit can adopt high performance digital signal microprocessor（Digital Signal Processor）, as TI company
TMS320F281X, TMS320F28335 or all kinds of single-chip microcomputer is core, it is possible to achieve multi-channel A/D sampling and multi-channel PWM output.
When opened loop control, the torque/speed of motor exports relation proportional to dutycycle.As being applied to electric automobile neck
Domain, the state such as acceleration and deceleration, startup, braking is all achievable.During closed loop control, by voltage, electric current, rotating speed/position sensor, adopt
Sample system instantaneous voltage, current value, send in total digital controller, as calculating dutycycle foundation.
Connection scheme one：By two groups of alternate conduction switch to completing, it is right respectively to switch for the realization of commutation function
S1＆S4 and S2＆S3.The realization of speed-regulating function is completed by controlling respective switch device to be in PWM state.With S1 and S4
As a example conducting, if keeping S1 to be in normal open state, S4 is in PWM state, and motor is now positive speed governing, and by controlling S4's
Dutycycle can achieve the regulation to motor speed and moment.When S4 turns on, electric current is managed through S1 from the forward direction of power supply, excitation around
Group, S4 pipe and armature winding flow to power cathode.When S4 turns off, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection passes through the fly-wheel diode of switching device itself
Complete afterflow, armature winding completes afterflow by sustained diode.During motor reverse drive, switching device S2, S3 are in work shape
State, modulator approach can obtain in the same manner.Patent PWM of the present invention is not limited to unipolarity modulation.
Connection scheme two：By two groups of alternate conduction switch to completing, it is right respectively to switch for the realization of commutation function
S1＆S4 and S2＆S3.The realization of speed-regulating function is completed by controlling respective switch device to be in PWM state.With S1 and S4
As a example conducting, if keeping S1 to be in normal open state, S4 is in PWM state, and motor is now positive speed governing, and by controlling S4's
Dutycycle can achieve the regulation to motor speed and moment.When S4 turns on, electric current is from the forward direction of power supply through armature winding, S1
Pipe, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and S4 pipe flow are to power cathode.When S4 turns off, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection passes through the fly-wheel diode of switching device itself
Complete afterflow, armature winding completes afterflow by sustained diode.During motor reverse drive, switching device S2, S3 are in work shape
State, modulator approach can obtain in the same manner.Patent PWM of the present invention is not limited to unipolarity modulation.
The conducting functional relationship of switching device is as shown in Figure 3.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of new serial excitation electromotor control device is it is characterised in that include full-bridge circuit, a fly-wheel diode, in one
Centre signal processing unit and one group of gate driving circuit；Described full-bridge circuit is made up of semiconductor device；Described full-bridge circuit
Two outfans are connected to the two ends of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection；With described full-bridge circuit string after described fly-wheel diode is in parallel with armature winding
Connection；Described central signal processing unit sends control logic signal to described gate driving circuit；Described gate driving circuit control
Make the switch of the described semiconductor device of described full-bridge circuit, realize electronic commutation and the control of the rotating speed to motor and moment simultaneously
System；Wherein, by the switch of the semiconductor device described in two groups of full-bridge circuit described in alternate conduction, using described full-bridge circuit pair
The bidirectional current of described Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection controls to realize electronic commutation；Partly led by controlling the described accordingly of described full-bridge circuit
The switch of body device is in copped wave state to realize the rotating speed of motor and the control of moment, wherein in the rotating speed to motor and moment
When being controlled, chop control is carried out to semiconductor device described at least two in described full-bridge circuit.
2. as claimed in claim 1 new serial excitation electromotor control device it is characterised in that described semiconductor device includes
One or more of MOSFET, IGBT, GTO, IGCT, IGCT, audion.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 new serial excitation electromotor control device it is characterised in that：The flash of described full-bridge circuit
Common port is connected to dc bus positive potential；The low side that the negative electrode of described fly-wheel diode is connected to described full-bridge circuit is public
End；The anode of described fly-wheel diode is connected to the negative pole of DC bus-bar voltage.
4. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 new serial excitation electromotor control device it is characterised in that：The moon of described fly-wheel diode
Pole is connected to busbar voltage positive potential；The anode of described fly-wheel diode is connected to the flash common port of described full-bridge circuit；Described complete
The low side of bridge circuit is public to be terminated at DC bus-bar voltage nagative potential.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210236249.3A CN103546079B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2012-07-10 | Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210236249.3A CN103546079B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2012-07-10 | Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103546079A CN103546079A (en) | 2014-01-29 |
| CN103546079B true CN103546079B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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| CN201210236249.3A Expired - Fee Related CN103546079B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2012-07-10 | Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103312239A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-18 | 扬州大得机电科技有限公司 | Series direct-current motor four-switch topological device and control method thereof |
| CN104300853B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2017-07-07 | 东风电动车辆股份有限公司 | Series machine controller power module group structure with H bridge commutation functions |
| CN104518717B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳辽通电气有限公司 | A kind of series machine DC speed regulator |
| CN107809192B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2021-03-16 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Motor drive device, motor assembly, and load drive device |
| CN107872185A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-03 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Load drive device, electric machine assembly and motor driver |
| CN107733306A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-23 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | A kind of generator H bridges excitation unit and method suitable for aviation power system |
| CN111585474A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-25 | 坦帕科技(北京)有限公司 | Electronic phase-changing constant excitation direction brake control system |
| CN111030523B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2024-06-11 | 淮安信息职业技术学院 | Electric energy feedback stepless speed regulating circuit of direct current series excited motor |
| CN112224391A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-15 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Brake device and system |
| CN114268253B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-08-09 | 北京理工大学 | Direct current series excited motor controller with energy feedback function |
| CN114268252B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-08-09 | 北京理工大学 | Series excited DC motor controller without mechanical contactor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1077319A (en) * | 1992-04-11 | 1993-10-13 | 杨泰和 | DC divided or compound excitation motor and circuit arrangement thereof with controllable dynamic property |
| CN101873097A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-27 | 扬州中凌自动化技术有限公司 | Control method for implementing electronic commutation and four-quadrant operation of series excited motor, and device thereof |
| CN101917149A (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2010-12-15 | 扬州中凌自动化技术有限公司 | Method and device for controlling electronic torque commutation of direct current series excited machine |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE505506C2 (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 1997-09-08 | Electrolux Ab | Device for speed control of a series winding universal motor |
| DE102004018966B4 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2015-02-19 | C. & E. Fein Gmbh | Series motor |
| CN102594234B (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2015-02-18 | 大连连顺电子有限公司 | Speed regulation driving integrated circuit for single-phase brushless direct current fan |
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- 2012-07-10 CN CN201210236249.3A patent/CN103546079B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1077319A (en) * | 1992-04-11 | 1993-10-13 | 杨泰和 | DC divided or compound excitation motor and circuit arrangement thereof with controllable dynamic property |
| CN101917149A (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2010-12-15 | 扬州中凌自动化技术有限公司 | Method and device for controlling electronic torque commutation of direct current series excited machine |
| CN101873097A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-27 | 扬州中凌自动化技术有限公司 | Control method for implementing electronic commutation and four-quadrant operation of series excited motor, and device thereof |
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| CN103546079A (en) | 2014-01-29 |
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Address after: 100070 Beijing Fengtai District Branch Road No. 7 Room 403 Patentee after: BEIJING UNISON ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 100070 Beijing Fengtai District Branch Road No. 7 Room 403 Patentee before: BEIJING UNISON ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20170208 |