CN103527271A - Passive low-temperature heat energy organic matter working medium electricity generation method - Google Patents
Passive low-temperature heat energy organic matter working medium electricity generation method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
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- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a passive low-temperature heat energy organic matter working medium electricity generation method. Organic working media in a first evaporator and a second evaporator are heated and evaporated, when the pressure of the organic working media reaches set pressure, self-acting pressure control valves on outlets of the evaporators are triggered to be opened under the working pressure, organic matter working medium steam enters a turbine and pushes the turbine to act so that an electricity generator can be driven to output electric energy, low-pressure and low-temperature useless steam enters a condenser to be condensed after acting is conducted, the first evaporator and the second evaporator take turns to output working steam and unceasingly drive the turbine to act, and therefore electric energy can be outputted. Compared with the prior art, the passive low-temperature heat energy organic matter working medium electricity generation method is reliable in performance and achieves rising of the pressure when the working media are heated and evaporated in closed space so that operation can be conducted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity-generating method, especially relate to a kind of non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method.
Background technique
Low-temperature heat source is often referred to temperature at the thermal source below 200 ℃, its abundant species, and total amount is huge, mainly comprises solar heat, underground heat and industrial exhaust heat etc.According to statistics, China has 2/3rds territory year solar radiation total amount to be greater than every square meter 5000MJ, and the whole nation can fief thermal resource amount be about 3,300,000,000 tons of standard coals, and industrial energy consumption accounts for 70% left and right of national energy total amount, and industrial exhaust heat accounts for 15% of industrial energy consumption.Because low-temperature heat source is difficult to recycle by conventional power generating equipment, most low-temperature heat sources are discharged among environment in vain, cause great waste and environmental pollution.Therefore, how high efficiente callback utilizes the huge energy of this part total amount to become a focus of current energy technology field.Wherein, organic substance working medium Rankine power generation system adopts low boiling working fluid, working substance steam can enter with higher pressure turbine expansion acting, single unit system is simple in structure, technology is practical, thermal source utilization ratio is high, than traditional water vapor Rankine cycle power generation system, is more suitable for for utilizing these low-temperature heat sources.
As far back as nineteen twenty-four, scientist just begins one's study and adopts low-boiling-point organic compound working medium diphenyl oxide as the organic matter Rankine cycle of working medium.Along with the reinforcement of people to worldwide energy crisis consciousness; cause national governments and the attention of energy science and technology worker to organic matter Rankine cycle; the generating countries such as the U.S., Japan, Israel, Italy, Germany, France drop into a large amount of human and material resources in succession, fall over each other to research and develop organic matter Rankine cycle generation technology.At present, organic substance working medium Rankine power generation system is mainly used in geothermal power station, sunlight heat, industrial exhaust heat and the generating of biomass energy heat.Abroad, the company of grasp organic matter Rankine cycle generation technology mainly contains Electra Therm, Turboden, Eneftech, Ormat, Freepower, Green Energy Australasia and Infinityturbine etc.The development of China's organic substance working medium Rankine cycle generation technology and system starts from phase early 1970s.Although the organic substance working medium Rankine cycle generation technology of China has been developed for many years, China makes substantial breakthroughs this technical still failing.
Conventional organic substance working medium electricity-generating method is externally under dynamic action, could work, need to be by keeping normal power generation state after working medium pump pressurization, and working medium pump itself need to consume a large amount of electric energy, cause overall system Efficiency Decreasing, control procedure also needs outside that electric power is provided in addition.The higher apparatus system efficiency that make of parts energy consumption such as so conventional organic matter Rankine cycle power generation system is large to outside degree of conditional independence, device maintenance cost is high, while working medium pump are low.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly the rising that provides a kind of reliable performance in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, rely on working medium to be subject to thermal evaporation to realize pressure at confined space turn round non-can dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method, comprises the following steps:
Organic substance working medium in (1) first vaporizer is subject to thermal evaporation, the first evaporator temperature and pressure constantly increase, when the pressure of organic substance working medium reaches setting pressure, the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve of the first evaporator outlet is opened under working pressure triggers, organic substance working substance steam enters turbine, the acting of promotion turbine, drives generator output electric energy, and the weary gas of low-pressure low-temperature after acting enters condenser condenses;
(2) condensed organic substance working medium flows into liquid container, along with consuming, organic substance working medium in the first vaporizer treats to the greatest extent, pressure drop in vaporizer is to the setting value of self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve and the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve are closed automatically, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, under the effect of gravity, organic substance working medium in liquid container flows in the first vaporizer, through the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve after a period of time, again close, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened, and the organic substance working medium in the first vaporizer is heated to boost waits for circulation next time;
(3) when the first vaporizer refills liquid working substance, in the second vaporizer, working medium is heated to setting pressure, the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, take over the first vaporizer and continue output services steam, drive turbine and generator output electric energy, the second vaporizer filling working medium method is identical with the first vaporizer, the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed automatically, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, organic substance working medium flows into the second vaporizer from liquid container under Action of Gravity Field, after filling, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed automatically, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically:
During (4) second vaporizers are filled organic substance working medium and are heated to operation point, in the first vaporizer, by design, oneself is heated to setting value to organic substance power pressure, take over the second vaporizer output services steam, the first vaporizer, two is output services steam in turn, drive continuously turbine acting, output electric energy.
Described organic substance working medium is one or more in R245fa, R600, R600a, R141b or R142b.
Organic substance working medium in the first vaporizer is subject to thermal evaporation, and temperature reaches 60 ℃-180 ℃, and pressure reaches setting pressure 0.5MPa-5MPa.
Organic substance working medium in the second vaporizer is subject to thermal evaporation, and temperature reaches 60 ℃-180 ℃, and pressure reaches setting pressure 0.5MPa-5MPa.
The vapor (steam) temperature of described turbine entrance is 60 ℃-180 ℃, and pressure is 0.5MPa-5MPa.
Described turbine outlet pressure is 0.2MPa-1.0MPa, and outlet temperature is 30 ℃-120 ℃.
Described liquid container, than the high 200-2000mm in position of the first vaporizer and the second vaporizer, utilizes the poor fluid transfer working medium of gravitational potential energy.
The thermal source that vaporizer is heated is underground heat, sunlight heat or industrial exhaust heat, and heat source temperature is 85～200 ℃.
The low-temperature receiver that condenser is carried out to condensation is underground water, river, seawater or air, and sink temperature is 0～40 ℃.
The expansion ratio scope of described turbine is 1.5～15.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes gravity for transport liquid working substance, and system, without working medium pump, relies on working medium to be subject to thermal evaporation to realize the rising of pressure at confined space; By self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, power generation process is controlled and is realized generating, whole power generation system structure is simple, reliable performance and cost lower, be easy to realize miniaturization, practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device of the method employing.
In figure: 1 is that turbine, 2 is that generator, 3 is that condenser, 4 is that liquid container, 5 is that the first vaporizer, 6 is that the second vaporizer, 7 is that the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, 8 is that the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, 9 is that the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, 10 is that the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, 11 is that the voltage-controlled valve of the 5th self-powering type, 12 is coupling.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The structure of non-energy dynamic formula organic substance working medium electricity generating device as shown in Figure 1, comprise: turbine 1, generator 2, condenser 3, liquid container 4, the first vaporizer 5, the second vaporizer 6, the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 7, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 8, the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 9, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 10, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 11 and coupling 12, wherein outside low temperature heat source fluid is connected with the import and export of the second vaporizer 6 heat source side with the first vaporizer 5 respectively by pipeline, organic substance working medium in heating fumigators, the first vaporizer 5 working medium side outlets are connected with turbine 1 entrance through the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 7, the first vaporizer 5 working medium side entrances are connected with liquid container 4 bottom outlets through the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 8, the second vaporizer 6 working medium side outlets are connected with turbine 1 entrance through the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 9, the second vaporizer 6 working medium side entrances are connected with liquid container 4 bottom outlets through the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 10, the axle of turbine 1 is connected with the axle of generator 2 by coupling 12, the outlet of turbine 1 is connected with condenser 3 working medium side entrances, condenser 3 working medium side outlets are connected with liquid container 4 top entrances through the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 11, condenser 3 low-temperature receiver sides are imported and exported and by pipeline, are connected with external source fluid respectively.
The organic substance working medium that the present invention adopts has: R245fa, R600, R600a, R141b, R142b etc. or mixture.Liquid container of the present invention, than the high 200-2000MM of the relative position of vaporizer, utilizes the poor fluid transfer working medium of gravitational potential energy.
In use, the organic substance working medium in the first vaporizer 5, the second vaporizer 6 is subject to thermal evaporation, and making constantly increases with temperature in vaporizer.Pass through appropriate design, the interior power pressure of the first vaporizer 5 first reaches turbine 1 design work pressure, the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 7 of the first vaporizer 5 outlets is opened under working pressure triggers, working steam enters turbine 1, promote turbine 1 acting, drive generator 2 output electric energy, the weary gas of low-pressure low-temperature after acting enters condenser 3 condensations.Condensed liquid refrigerant flows into liquid container 4.Consumption along with working steam in the first vaporizer 5, pressure in vaporizer drops to the setting value of self-powering type voltage-controlled valve gradually, the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 7 and the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 11 are closed automatically, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 8 is opened automatically, under the effect of gravity, liquid working substance in liquid container 4 flows in the first vaporizer 5 again, then the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 8 is closed again, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 11 is opened, and the interior working medium of the first vaporizer 5 is boosted and waited for circulation once by thermal source heating in seal container.When the first vaporizer 5 refills, namely the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 7, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 11 is closed while opening with the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 9, the interior power pressure of the second vaporizer 8 has been heated to design load, the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 9 is opened automatically, take over the first vaporizer 5 and continue output services steam, take turbine and generator output electric energy to.The second vaporizer 6 filling working medium methods are identical with the first vaporizer 5, the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 9,5 11 is closed automatically, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 10 is opened automatically, liquid refrigerant flows into the second vaporizer 6 from liquid container 4 under Action of Gravity Field, after filling, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 10 is closed automatically, and the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve 11 is opened automatically.During the second vaporizer 6 is filled working medium and is heated to operation point, the interior power pressure of the first vaporizer 5 has been heated to design load by design, just in time takes over the first vaporizer 5 output services steam.The first vaporizer 5,26 is output services steam in turn, thereby can drive continuously turbine acting, output electric energy.
The present embodiment can utilize solar energy, underground heat, low temperature exhaust heat equitemperature scope at the low temperature heat energy of 60 ℃～200 ℃ as thermal source, the working pressure of vaporizer is liquid working substance at heat source temperature corresponding saturation pressure during at 60～200 ℃.Take underground water, river, seawater or air as low-temperature receiver, and sink temperature scope is 0～40 ℃, and the working pressure of condenser is liquid working substance at cooling water or cooling air temperature corresponding saturation pressure during at 0 ℃～40 ℃.This device can rely on underground water, river (sea) water or air to carry out work as low-temperature receiver, and the generated output that can realize can, by thousands of watts to hundreds of kilowatts, below carry out specific operation.
Embodiment 1
Working medium R600a, 120 ℃ of heat source temperatures, cooling water temperature is 20 ℃.Evaporator evaporation temperature is 100 ℃, and evaporating pressure is 1.98MPa, and it is 1.8kg/s that steam produces speed; Condensing air condensing temperature is 30 ℃, and condensing pressure is 0.403MPa, and heat exchanger efficiency is 0.9; Turbine expansion ratio is 5.0, and efficiency of turbine is 0.8.In addition, first, second vaporizer internal capacity is 0.2m3, and liquid container internal capacity is 0.4m3, and the inner initial liquid storage amount of liquid container is 120kg.The present invention carries out work by following steps:
(1) second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and in liquid container, the liquid working substance of approximately 30 ℃ flows into the first vaporizer under the effect of gravity, and after liquid level equilibrium, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed, and the liquid working substance of 60kg is enclosed in the first vaporizer;
In (2) first vaporizers, liquid working substance is subject to thermal evaporation, and Temperature of Working and pressure constantly increase, and reaches 100 ℃, 1.98MPa, and this parameter is turbine inlet steam parameter;
The first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve of (3) first evaporator outlets is opened under pressure automatically, working steam enters turbine expansion acting with the mass velocity of 1.8kg/s, take generator output electric energy to, turbine outlet pressure and temperature are respectively 0.403MPa and 47.4 ℃;
(4) working medium is condensed into the saturated liquid state of 30 ℃ in condenser, flows into subsequently liquid container.
(5) in power generation process, the liquid working substance in the first vaporizer is constantly subject to thermal evaporation, evaporation completely after about 26s.After this power pressure is dropped rapidly to condensing pressure, and now the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve and five is closed automatically, and the saturated liquid refrigerant in liquid container flows under the influence of gravity in vaporizer.When the first vaporizer, fill after working medium process finishes, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed automatically, and the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and the second vaporizer is taken in the working medium supercharging of being heated in the first vaporizer when reaching projected working point, continues output services steam.
(6) when the first vaporizer is filled working medium, in the second vaporizer, working medium has reached operation point by design, under the triggering of the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve working pressure in the second vaporizer, automatically open, take over the first vaporizer output services steam, drive turbine and generator output electric energy.In the second vaporizer, working medium evaporates full-time, the second vaporizer need refill working medium, its method and the first vaporizer sample, and the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve are closed automatically, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened, and in liquid container, working medium enters the second vaporizer under Action of Gravity Field; Meanwhile, in the first vaporizer, working medium has reached operation point by design, and the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, takes over the second vaporizer, continues output services steam, drives turbine and generator output electric energy.
(7) the present invention adopts two vaporizers, and the first vaporizer and the second vaporizer are exported high temperature and high pressure steam in turn, drives turbine, drive generator, thereby assurance device can be exported electric energy continuously.
Under this example, system thermal efficiency is 13.7%, and generated output is 56.8KW.
Embodiment 2
Working medium R245fa, 120 ℃ of heat source temperatures, cooling water temperature is 20 ℃.Evaporator evaporation temperature is 100 ℃, and evaporating pressure is 1.26MPa, and it is 4kg/s that steam produces speed; Condensing air condensing temperature is 30 ℃, and condensing pressure is 0.177MPa, and heat exchanger efficiency is 0.9; Turbine expansion ratio is 7.1, and efficiency of turbine is 0.8.In addition, first, second vaporizer internal capacity is 2m3, and liquid container internal capacity is 3m3, and the inner initial liquid storage amount of liquid container is 2400kg.The present invention carries out work by following steps:
(1) second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and in liquid container, the liquid working substance of approximately 30 ℃ flows into the first vaporizer under the effect of gravity, and after liquid level equilibrium, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed, and the liquid working substance of 1200kg is enclosed in the first vaporizer;
In (2) first vaporizers, liquid working substance is subject to thermal evaporation, and Temperature of Working and pressure constantly increase, and the most always arrives 100 ℃, 1.26MPa, and this parameter is turbine inlet steam parameter;
The first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve of (3) first evaporator outlets is opened under pressure automatically, working steam enters turbine expansion acting with the mass velocity of 4kg/s, take generator output electric energy to, turbine outlet pressure and temperature are respectively 0.177MPa and 49.5 ℃;
(4) working medium is condensed into the saturated liquid state of 30 ℃ in condenser, flows into subsequently liquid container.
(5) in power generation process, the liquid working substance in the first vaporizer is constantly subject to thermal evaporation, evaporation completely after 260s.After this power pressure is dropped rapidly to condensing pressure, and now the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve and five is closed automatically, and the saturated liquid refrigerant in liquid container flows under the influence of gravity in vaporizer.When the first vaporizer, fill after working medium process finishes, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed automatically, and the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and the second vaporizer is taken in the working medium supercharging of being heated in the first vaporizer when reaching projected working point, continues output services steam.
(6) when the first vaporizer is filled working medium, in the second vaporizer, working medium has reached operation point by design, under the triggering of the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve working pressure in the second vaporizer, automatically open, take over the first vaporizer output services steam, drive turbine and generator output electric energy.In the second vaporizer, working medium evaporates full-time, the second vaporizer need refill working medium, its method and the first vaporizer sample, and the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve are closed automatically, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened, and in liquid container, working medium enters the second vaporizer under Action of Gravity Field; Meanwhile, in the first vaporizer, working medium has reached operation point by design, and the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, takes over the second vaporizer, continues output services steam, drives turbine and generator output electric energy.
(7) the present invention adopts two vaporizers, and the first vaporizer and the second vaporizer are exported high temperature and high pressure steam in turn, drives turbine, drive generator, thereby assurance device can be exported electric energy continuously.
Under this example, system thermal efficiency is 15.5%, and generated output is 92.6KW.
Embodiment 3
Working medium R141b, 120 ℃ of heat source temperatures, cooling water temperature is 20 ℃.Evaporator evaporation temperature is 100 ℃, and evaporating pressure is 0.675MPa, and it is 20kg/s that steam produces speed; Condensing air condensing temperature is 30 ℃, and condensing pressure is 0.094MPa, and heat exchanger efficiency is 0.9; Turbine expansion ratio is 7.2, and efficiency of turbine is 0.8.In addition, first, second vaporizer internal capacity is 2m3, and liquid container internal capacity is 3m3, and the inner initial liquid storage amount of liquid container is 2400kg.The present invention carries out work by following steps:
(1) second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and in liquid container, the liquid working substance of approximately 30 ℃ flows into the first vaporizer under the effect of gravity, and after liquid level equilibrium, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed, and the liquid working substance of 1200kg is enclosed in the first vaporizer;
In (2) first vaporizers, liquid working substance is subject to thermal evaporation, and Temperature of Working and pressure constantly increase, and the most always arrives 100 ℃, 0.675MPa, and this parameter is turbine inlet steam parameter;
The first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve of (3) first evaporator outlets is opened under pressure automatically, working steam enters turbine expansion acting with the mass velocity of 4kg/s, take generator output electric energy to, turbine outlet pressure and temperature are respectively 0.094MPa and 44.5 ℃;
(4) working medium is condensed into the saturated liquid state of 30 ℃ in condenser, flows into subsequently liquid container.
(5) in power generation process, the liquid working substance in the first vaporizer is constantly subject to thermal evaporation, evaporation completely after 55.9s.After this power pressure is dropped rapidly to condensing pressure, and now the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve and five is closed automatically, and the saturated liquid refrigerant in liquid container flows under the influence of gravity in vaporizer.When the first vaporizer, fill after working medium process finishes, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed automatically, and the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, and the second vaporizer is taken in the working medium supercharging of being heated in the first vaporizer when reaching projected working point, continues output services steam.
(6) when the first vaporizer is filled working medium, in the second vaporizer, working medium has reached operation point by design, under the triggering of the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve working pressure in the second vaporizer, automatically open, take over the first vaporizer output services steam, drive turbine and generator output electric energy.In the second vaporizer, working medium evaporates full-time, the second vaporizer need refill working medium, its method and the first vaporizer sample, and the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve are closed automatically, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened, and in liquid container, working medium enters the second vaporizer under Action of Gravity Field; Meanwhile, in the first vaporizer, working medium has reached operation point by design, and the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, takes over the second vaporizer, continues output services steam, drives turbine and generator output electric energy.
(7) the present invention adopts two vaporizers, and the first vaporizer and the second vaporizer are exported high temperature and high pressure steam in turn, drives turbine, drive generator, thereby assurance device can be exported electric energy continuously.
Under this example, system thermal efficiency is 13.7%, and generated output is 560KW.
Claims (10)
1. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Organic substance working medium in (1) first vaporizer is subject to thermal evaporation, the first evaporator temperature and pressure constantly increase, when the pressure of organic substance working medium reaches setting pressure, the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve of the first evaporator outlet is opened under working pressure triggers, organic substance working substance steam enters turbine, the acting of promotion turbine, drives generator output electric energy, and the weary gas of low-pressure low-temperature after acting enters condenser condenses;
(2) condensed organic substance working medium flows into liquid container, along with consuming, organic substance working medium in the first vaporizer treats to the greatest extent, pressure drop in vaporizer is to the setting value of self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, the first self-powering type voltage-controlled valve and the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve are closed automatically, the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, under the effect of gravity, organic substance working medium in liquid container flows in the first vaporizer, through the second self-powering type voltage-controlled valve after a period of time, again close, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened, and the organic substance working medium in the first vaporizer is heated to boost waits for circulation next time;
(3) when the first vaporizer refills liquid working substance, in the second vaporizer, working medium is heated to setting pressure, the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, take over the first vaporizer and continue output services steam, drive turbine and generator output electric energy, the second vaporizer filling working medium method is identical with the first vaporizer, the 3rd self-powering type voltage-controlled valve, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed automatically, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically, organic substance working medium flows into the second vaporizer from liquid container under Action of Gravity Field, after filling, the 4th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is closed automatically, the 5th self-powering type voltage-controlled valve is opened automatically,
During (4) second vaporizers are filled organic substance working medium and are heated to operation point, in the first vaporizer, organic substance power pressure has been heated to setting value by design, take over the second vaporizer output services steam, the first vaporizer, two is output services steam in turn, drive continuously turbine acting, output electric energy.
2. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described organic substance working medium is one or more in R245fa, R600, R600a, R141b or R142b.
3. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the organic substance working medium in the first vaporizer is subject to thermal evaporation, and temperature reaches 60 ℃-180 ℃, and pressure reaches setting pressure 0.5MPa-5MPa.
4. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the organic substance working medium in the second vaporizer is subject to thermal evaporation, and temperature reaches 60 ℃-180 ℃, and pressure reaches setting pressure 0.5MPa-5MPa.
5. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the vapor (steam) temperature of described turbine entrance is 60 ℃-180 ℃, and pressure is 0.5MPa-5MPa.
6. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described turbine outlet pressure is 0.2MPa-1.0MPa, and outlet temperature is 30 ℃-120 ℃.
7. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described liquid container, than the high 200-2000mm in position of the first vaporizer and the second vaporizer, utilizes the poor fluid transfer working medium of gravitational potential energy.
8. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thermal source that vaporizer is heated is underground heat, sunlight heat or industrial exhaust heat, and heat source temperature is 85～200 ℃.
9. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the low-temperature receiver that condenser is carried out to condensation is underground water, river, seawater or air, and sink temperature is 0～40 ℃.
10. non-energy dynamic formula low temperature heat energy organic substance working medium electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the expansion ratio scope of described turbine is 1.5～15.
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| CN201310496376.1A CN103527271B (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2013-10-21 | Passive low-temperature heat energy organic matter working medium electricity generation method |
| PCT/CN2013/085944 WO2015058399A1 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2013-10-25 | Passive low temperature heat energy organic matter working medium electricity generation method |
| US14/875,693 US20160024974A1 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2015-10-06 | Passive low temperature heat sources organic working fluid power generation method |
| US15/361,387 US10060302B2 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2016-11-26 | Passive low temperature heat sources organic working fluid power generation method |
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| WO2015172314A1 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-19 | 刘文晏 | Gravity power generation device using geothermal steam for circulation |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103527271B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| US20160024974A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
| WO2015058399A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
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