CN102629466B - Adaptive correction method for color gray-scale image of display - Google Patents

Adaptive correction method for color gray-scale image of display Download PDF

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CN102629466B
CN102629466B CN201210106388.4A CN201210106388A CN102629466B CN 102629466 B CN102629466 B CN 102629466B CN 201210106388 A CN201210106388 A CN 201210106388A CN 102629466 B CN102629466 B CN 102629466B
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王卫
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Nanjing Jusha Display Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an adaptive correction method for a color gray-scale image of a display. The adaptive correction method comprises the following steps of: detecting and counting color gray-scale characteristic points; determining a color gray-scale region; and adopting different correction methods according to different image attributes. The color and gray-scale contents in the image can be adaptively recognized, and different correction methods are adopted for different contents. According to the adaptive correction method, the display function of color and gray-scale images is integrated in a color display of high resolution, so that the image display quality is guaranteed, the space occupied by equipment is reduced, and inconvenience brought by complex signal switching and independent control is avoided.

Description

The bearing calibration of a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive
Technical field
The present invention relates to the bearing calibration of a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive.
Background technology
Conventionally medical display be generally divided into diagnosis, operating room with and teaching three major types.Wherein, diagnostics classes display has often required the characteristics such as high resolving power, high brightness, process DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) correction; And operating room uses display towards front end imaging devices such as endoscopes, as auxiliary surgical supplementary information display device, need to coordinate the characteristic of imaging device, resolution is moderate, brightness is general, need to have GAMMA to proofread and correct [1].The user of medical display as the doctor of dept. of radiology, often will check patient's various data, as CT/MRI image, medical record information, the contents such as operation video simultaneously.Except common gray scale image, the application of many image processing techniquess in medical treatment is also increasingly extensive, as endoscopic system imaging, and 3D rendering, color M RI image, PET pseudo color image etc. are day by day various, and these information are all colored.The different various information of speciality such as gray scale image, coloured image, word, chart and audio frequency all will be carried out exactly visualization processing and be shown, are convenient to diagnosis.Coloured image is the image that has multiple color, compares with gray scale image, and be the superset of gray scale image, while representing with rgb color space, the value of three components can change within the specific limits; And gray scale image is the one of coloured image, be its subset, tri-component values of RGB are just the same.Conventional GTG display can not color display information, and simply adopt color monitor simultaneously when display color and gray scale image, and single bearing calibration meeting causes wherein a kind of image fault, affects diagnosis effect.This workstation that makes current a lot of diagnosis use is all to put many displays that characteristic is different, the GTG display that adopts two high resolving power, high brightness, process DICOM to proofread and correct, the color monitor that an additional low resolution, low-light level, GAMMA proofread and correct, process respectively, control and show different data, thereby meeting the demand of carrying out Accurate Diagnosis.
But the inconvenience bringing due to many displays for reducing workstation, more existing schemes are by the color LCD module of ultrahigh resolution, high brightness, on same LCD, show multiple image, the content that originally need to show on many displays is simultaneously displayed on a display, and the unified GAMMA of employing of display proofreaies and correct or DICOM proofreaies and correct one of them image is processed.But adopt this single correcting mode, can make image effect variation, can produce colour cast, and overall brightness is on the low side if coloured image adopts DICOM to proofread and correct [2,3], figure kine bias is dark; And if the gray scale images such as CT, MRI adopt GAMMA correction can cause accurately distinguishing the picture material of low grey exponent part, general image is excessively bright.Therefore adopt single bearing calibration can not meet the accurate expression of colored and gray scale image simultaneously.
According to the definition of GAMMA and DICOM, as shown in Figure 1, wherein GAMMA adopts 2.2 to be example to the two normalized calibration curve, and transverse axis is normalized digital input value, and the longitudinal axis is normalized brightness value.Can find, because GAMMA calibration curve is on DICOM curve, at low grey exponent part, DICOM slope of a curve is less, exporting change is less, and at center section, the output brightness of DICOM curve is starkly lower than GAMMA curve.CT, MRI image should be proofreaied and correct by DICOM, if with GAMMA correction, will occur that at low grey exponent part brightness is too high and occur jump phenomena, cause accurately differentiate between images feature; When being input as median luminance value, integral image is partially bright, causes brightness too high.If coloured image is proofreaied and correct with DICOM, R, G, when tri-component datas of B are different, the curve of proofreading and correct due to DICOM is obviously different from GAMMA, can cause the R after proofreading and correct, G, the ratio of tri-components of B changes.According to the definition of ITU-RRecommendation BT.709, RGB to the colour space transformation expression formula of CIE XYZ suc as formula shown in (1), RGB like this
X Y Z = 0.412 0.358 0.180 0.213 0.715 0.072 0.019 0.119 0.950 R G B Formula (1)
Ratio after correction changes, and the ratio of so corresponding XYZ also can change; According to the computing method in 1931CIE-XYZ chromaticity coordinate system, shown in (2), chromaticity coordinates x, the number of y
x = X X + Y + Z
y = Y X + Y + Z Formula (2)
z = Z X + Y + Z = 1 - x - y
Value also can be proofreaied and correct rear ratio because of RGB and changed and change, thereby causes colour temperature to change, and causes corresponding contents colour cast in image, colder or partially warm.
In sum, while display color and gray scale image content on single display, be to realize accurately and showing after image rectification by single bearing calibration, need provide the bearing calibration of a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive to solve the problems referred to above.
List of references
[1]C.Poynton,″The?rehabilitation?of?gamma,″Human?Vision?and?Electronic?Imaging?III,vol.3299,pp.232-249,1998.
[2]N.E.M.s.Association,″Digital?Imaging?and?Communication?in?Medicine(DICOM)Part?14:Grayscale?Standard?Display?Function,″ed:Rosslyn?VA:National?Electrical?Manufacturer’s?Association,2004.
[3]N.E.M.Association,″Digital?imaging?and?communications?in?medicine(DICOM),″NEMA?Standard?Publications?PS,vol.3,pp.1992-2000,1996.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: the bearing calibration of a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive is provided.
According to foregoing invention object, provide a technical scheme: the bearing calibration of a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive, it comprises the following steps:
S1 color gray rank feature point detection and statistics, first according to whether identical colored point and the GTG point distinguished of the component of tri-passages of RGB, then by pixel, add up line by line, when the quantity of GTG point in certain a line in image is greater than threshold value, just think that this line is a line of a gray-scale areas, and using this line as initial row, and then the adding up by pixel of next line; Until one-row pixels while not meeting the definition of above-mentioned gray-scale areas, is preserved corresponding origin coordinates point, width and height;
S2 color gray rank regional determination, when GTG line number is greater than threshold value in the region of statistics, judges that this region is a gray-scale areas; Otherwise think that this region is the part in colored region;
S3 adopts different bearing calibrations according to different image attributes, and the pixel in colored region adopts GAMMA to proofread and correct, and the pixel in gray-scale areas adopts DICOM to proofread and correct.
On the basis of technique scheme, further comprise following attached technical scheme:
Described GAMMA proofreaies and correct and adopts GAMMA1.8 or GAMMA 2.0, or GAMMA 2.2 or GAMMA 2.6 realize, and DICOM proofreaies and correct and adopts DICOM300 or DICOM400 or DICOM500 etc. to realize.
Coordinate (the x of starting point S in described step S1, y), initial width is MW, continue next line statistics, and according to the coordinate (x+1, y ') of the gray-scale areas starting point S ' of current line, and width MW ', compare with the data of lastrow statistics, and the common factor of taking x coordinate in two row is as public domain and as the correction position of gray-scale areas.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention concentrates on the Presentation Function of colored and gray scale image in a high-resolution color monitor, according to the feature of image, select adaptively different disposal routes, coloured image is proofreaied and correct according to GAMMA, and gray scale image is proofreaied and correct according to medical digital image transmission agreement DICOM 3.14, guarantee thus image displaying quality, the shared space of minimizing equipment, avoids the inconvenience that numerous and diverse signal switches and independent control brings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is GAMMA and DICOM calibration curve comparison diagram in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the image construction schematic diagram of display in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the prototype figure of picture material during adaptive judgement in the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment: as Figure 2-3, it is the embodiment of a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive of the present invention bearing calibration, the deficiencies such as the bright or colour cast of the figure kine bias brought for single bearing calibration, according to picture material, analysis image feature, identification colour and gray level image content adaptively, and take different bearing calibrations for different contents.As shown in Figure 2, high resolution display comprises the vision-mix region 3 of color image region 1, gray scale image region 2 and colour and GTG.The method that adopts GAMMA to proofread and correct to the colored operation video frequency in color image region 1 thus, and the contents such as CT in gray scale image region 2, MRI image adopt DICOM to proofread and correct, in vision-mix region 3, left-half is gray scale image, but the color character that has part to be used for carrying out information explanation; Right half part is coloured image, but some is for also meeting the definition of gray scale image.
Display color gray rank image adaptive of the present invention bearing calibration, concrete steps are as follows:
S1 color gray rank feature point detection and statistics:
For improving detection efficiency, and without loss of generality, suppose that from coloured image, selecting monochromatic areas carrys out the detection of realization character point, judgment mode is distinguished according to whether the component of tri-passages of RGB is identical simply according to the definition of colored and GTG, as follows:
Figure BDA0000152287750000041
formula (3)
Based on the distortion of the method, as be transformed into the determination methods of other color space, be equivalent in function.As be transformed in YCbCr space, the pixel of Cb=Cr=0 is GTG point, other be colored point.
For convenience of describing, with mathematic(al) representation, defining a fabric width is W, and the high image for H is:
Pin(x,y),0≤x≤H-1,0≤y≤W-1
Pin (x, y) is the pixel value that input picture is located at (x, y), and the coordinate in the image upper left corner is (0,0), and x increases from left to right, and y increases from top to bottom.As shown in Figure 3, be the fragment of piece image, each grid is a pixel, comprises colored point 100 and GTG point 200, is in colored region 10, to have a gray-scale areas 20 on the whole.
After detection, data are added up, consider that in application, gray scale image content is all a regular domain, conventional is rectangular window, with this priori, by pixel, add up line by line, if in certain a line, the quantity of GTG point 200 is greater than certain threshold value (this threshold value can be fixed in image, also can carry out self-defined setting according to the adjustment of image resolution ratio self-adaptation or user), just think that this line is a line of a gray-scale areas, and using this line as initial row, the initial width of gray-scale areas is the GTG point pixel count of adding up the current line obtaining, be designated as MW, record the coordinate (x of the starting point S of this row gray-scale areas simultaneously, y).
Continue next line statistics, adopt and use the same method, and according to the coordinate (x+1 of the gray-scale areas starting point S ' of current line, y '), and width MW ', and the data of lastrow statistics compare, and the common factor of taking x coordinate in two row is as public domain, be defined as the correction position of gray-scale areas, adopt the larger x coordinate reference position as gray-scale areas of coordinate x numerical value in two row, be called the telltale mark of gray-scale areas.Such detection method, just can locate gray-scale areas, gets rid of the abnormity point of gray-scale areas and colored region critical point place simultaneously, as abnormity point in Fig. 3 102 is Critical anomaly point, is classified as colored region.
Continue statistics line by line, when running in certain a line, occur that indivedual pixels are for colored, as the exterior point 202 in Fig. 3, these points are around all typical gray-scale areas, they are similar with the situation in vision-mix region 3 in Fig. 2 as isolated point, can think the word as information indicating, in algorithm, as isolated point, do not consider, in actual trimming process, adopt and put identical bearing calibration with neighboring pixel.
The disposal route of Critical anomaly point and exterior point makes gray-scale areas detection and Identification process robust more, and the certain abnormal tolerance limit of self-defined setting as required, the upper threshold value of certain numerical value (absolute pixel number or abnormity point account for current line total pixel number number percent) as abnormity point processing of setting in the row direction, be less than this numerical value and just think that this row is to have abnormity point and GTG or colored region character are constant, more than this numerical value, just think that this row no longer belongs to GTG or the colored region definition of current region.On column direction, do not adopt such method to judge, avoid the identifier of vertical line type to affect the definition of overall region.Adopt such method when avoiding erroneous judgement, to react as much as possible real image scene.
Continue statistics, until one-row pixels while not meeting the definition of above-mentioned gray-scale areas, is preserved corresponding origin coordinates point, width and height.
S2 color gray rank regional determination:
Statistics is judged, determine position and the size of gray-scale areas, according to result and the record of statistics, judge, when the line number of statistics is greater than some threshold values, (this threshold value can be fixed, also can carry out self-defined setting according to the adjustment of image resolution ratio self-adaptation or user), think that this region unit is a gray-scale areas; Otherwise think that this region is the fritter in coloured image, as the situation on 3 right sides, vision-mix region in Fig. 2, in bulk colored region, there is sub-fraction GTG pixel, when its area is large not, just think some luma data in colour, do not adopt the bearing calibration of gray-scale areas.Such overall region dicision rules and add color gray rank feature point detection in step S1 and statistics in disposal route, whole GTG and colored region are divided more accurately and reliably, so far determine a gray-scale areas accurately, as the region 20 in bold box in Fig. 3.
S3 adopts different bearing calibrations according to different image attributes:
According to the division of zones of different, adopt different bearing calibrations.Pixel in gray-scale areas adopts DICOM to proofread and correct, and pixel in colored region adopts GAMMA to proofread and correct, and can be expressed as:
formula (4)
Wherein Pin (x, y) is the pixel value that input picture is located at (x, y), and Pout (x, y) is the pixel value that output image is located at (x, y); G (x), D (x) is respectively colored GAMMA correction function and GTG DICOM correction function.
G (x), two kinds of bearing calibrations of D (x) all have respectively multiple curve selective, as GAMMA common are 1.8,2.0,2.2,2.6 etc., DICOM has DICOM 300, DICOM 400, DICOM 500, DICOM 700 etc., these calibration curves are as alternatives, and OSD (On-Screen Display) menu that can carry by upper computer software or display device is colored and gray-scale areas selects respectively different curves to proofread and correct.
In actual trimming process, also can adopt look-up table (LUT, Look Up Table) mode realize, it is the function in corresponding (4), set up a form stores in display control chip, input Pin (x, y) is as the index value of form, what in the corresponding form of each index value position, store is to export accordingly Pout (x, y), GAMMA proofreaies and correct corresponding different forms with DICOM, according to different selections, realizes different bearing calibrations.In color monitor, the DICOM of gray scale image proofreaies and correct and can adopt the component of tri-passages of following methods: RGB the same, three components are adopted to the same calibration curve, be GSDF (the Grayscale Standard Display Function) curve in dicom standard 3.14, by the high-bit width of LCD, just can realize the effect same with GTG display like this.
Coloured image and gray scale image adopt different bearing calibrations, and coloured image is proofreaied and correct as operation video frequency, color ultrasound etc. adopt GAMMA, avoids the image color cast problem of using DICOM timing to bring; Gray scale image, proofreaies and correct as the picture materials such as CT/MRI adopt DICOM, meets the application demand of integrated medical display device in various scenes.Thus according to picture material, gray-scale areas in the method process decision chart picture of employing robust, the detections such as Critical anomaly point is got rid of, and exterior point is fault-tolerant and statistical method have avoided colored point to be mistaken for the mistake of GTG point, have set up the fault tolerant mechanism of colored isolated point in gray-scale areas simultaneously.The division methods of the robust of colour and gray scale image Mixed Zone, has avoided the erroneous judgement of GTG block in colour, makes overall judgment mechanism more reliable.
Computational complexity of the present invention is low, and resource overhead is little; While adopting hardware to realize, only need comparer, counter and look-up table etc., by pixel, process, dependence to other data during single processes pixel is less, and hardware resource expense is little on the whole, and critical path is simple, be convenient to hardware and realize and practical application, there is good realizability.Utilize the feature of high-resolution color liquid crystal display, display color and gray scale image adaptively on color LCD screen, improve level of integrated system, alleviates in existing application the problems such as the space hold that many display devices bring, loaded down with trivial details control.The image that while colour and GTG are two types can correctly be expressed, meet doctor's multiple diagnostic requirements, that avoids that many dissimilar displays bring puts, controls the problems such as inconvenience, and the image effect that also can avoid single correcting mode to bring degrades.
Certainly above-described embodiment is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalent transformation or modification that according to the present invention, the Spirit Essence of main technical schemes does, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. display color gray rank image adaptive bearing calibration, it comprises: S1 color gray rank feature point detection and statistics, first according to whether identical colored point and the GTG point distinguished of the component of tri-passages of RGB, then by pixel, add up line by line, when the quantity of GTG point in certain a line in image is greater than setting threshold, just think that this line is a line of a gray-scale areas, and using this line as initial row, and then the adding up by pixel of next line; Until one-row pixels while not meeting the definition of above-mentioned gray-scale areas, is preserved corresponding origin coordinates point, width and height; It is characterized in that it is further comprising the steps of: S2 color gray rank regional determination, when GTG line number is greater than threshold value in the region of statistics, judge that this region is a gray-scale areas; Otherwise think that this region is the part in colored region; S3 adopts different bearing calibrations according to different image attributes, and the pixel in colored region adopts GAMMA to proofread and correct, and the pixel in gray-scale areas adopts the GSDF in dicom standard to proofread and correct.
2. a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive according to claim 1 bearing calibration, it is characterized in that: described GAMMA proofreaies and correct and adopts GAMMA1.8, GAMMA2.0, GAMMA2.2 or GAMMA2.6 to realize, and DICOM correction adopts DICOM300, DICOM400, DICOM500 or DICOM700 to realize.
3. a kind of display color gray rank image adaptive according to claim 1 bearing calibration, it is characterized in that: the coordinate (x of starting point S in described step S1, y), initial width is MW, continues next line statistics, and according to the coordinate (x+1 of the gray-scale areas starting point S ' of current line, y '), and width MW ', and the data of lastrow statistics compare, and the common factor of taking x coordinate in two row is as public domain and as the correction position of gray-scale areas.
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