CN102277182B - Low-temperature dry distillation system and technology of solid heat-carrying low-grade coal - Google Patents
Low-temperature dry distillation system and technology of solid heat-carrying low-grade coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102277182B CN102277182B CN 201110197206 CN201110197206A CN102277182B CN 102277182 B CN102277182 B CN 102277182B CN 201110197206 CN201110197206 CN 201110197206 CN 201110197206 A CN201110197206 A CN 201110197206A CN 102277182 B CN102277182 B CN 102277182B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011286 gas tar Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 gac Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035924 thermogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature dry distillation system and technology of solid heat-carrying low-grade coal. The low-temperature dry distillation system comprises a raw material storage, a drying kettle, a dry distillation device, a burning bed, a secondary combustion chamber and the like, wherein the dry distillation device comprises a low-temperature chamber and a high-temperature chamber, the low-temperature chamber and the high-temperature chamber are separated by a furnace wall; two ends of the lower part of the furnace wall are respectively provided with a venting valve of a groove structure; and the furnace wall extends into the venting valves to form folded plates. The low-temperature dry distillation technology comprises the following steps: drying, dry distillation, burning and the like, wherein the dry distillation temperature of the low-temperature chamber is 350-500 DEG C, and the dry distillation temperature of the high-temperature chamber is 500-600 DEG C. Dried coal is firstly subjected to dry distillation in the low-temperature chamber; the pressure of the low-temperature chamber rises and a material layer rises along with the increase of materials and low-temperature dry distillation products in the low-temperature chamber, thus the low-temperature dry distillation product overflows to the high-temperature chamber with lower pressure via the venting valves between the low-temperature chamber and the high-temperature chamber so as to be subjected to high-temperature dry distillation; and one part of semicoke generated by high-temperature dry distillation serves as a product, and the surface of the other part of the semicoke is burnt to serve as a high-temperature heat carrier. The technology has the advantages of low investment, high yield of the semicoke and oil gas and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis system and technologies such as brown coal of solid heat-carrying, be used for inferior coal upgradings such as brown coal, belong to coal chemical technology.
Background technology
Though coal resources in China is abundanter, the high-quality coal resource only accounts for about half, and all the other are coal resources such as brown coal.Coals such as brown coal are low because of moisture height, ash content height, volatile matter height, calorific value, often by as the inferior fuel steam coal; Easily oxidation and spontaneous combustion should not be transported for long-distance in addition, therefore becomes the coal resource that is difficult to the strange land processing and utilization.
Brown coal are high-volatile coals, and its molecular structure can be regarded the combination of hard coal and oil gas molecule as, take the working method of pyrolysis that the oil gas component separating in the brown coal is come out, and can alleviate OIL SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN CHINA contradiction.From the comprehensive utilization angle, brown coal should should not processed separation to brown coal earlier as the low-quality resource, obtain semicoke, tar and coal gas, further processing and utilization.Brown coal add the thermogenesis thermolysis under isolated oxygen condition, volatilize coal gas, tar gas, and remaining solid carbon amount raises, and calorific value increases, and is called semicoke.Can obtain suitable, the higher semicoke of calorific value of volatile content 500-600 ℃ of pyrolysis.Lignite semi-coke belongs to upgraded coal, is a kind of clean fuel, is used for industries such as calcium carbide, iron alloy, steel-making (iron), synthetic ammonia, gac, carbon product.
Multiple brown coal pyrolytic process is arranged at present both at home and abroad, in two sections heating process for upgrading of Hitachi, Ltd's exploitation, adopt rotary kiln formula drying installation (100-150 ℃), destructive distillation is hot flue gas indirect heating, temperature 300-400 ℃, and not industrialization fully; The process for upgrading of the fluidized-bed heating ground coal rank coal of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd company exploitation to the feed coal drying, in rapid heating under the 250-400 ℃ of temperature and cooling fast under 30-70 ℃ of temperature, obtains upgraded coal then under 80-150 ℃ of temperature; Beijing coalification institute multistage rotary kiln technology adopts the rotary drying stove with hot flue gases direct heat exchange drying, then 550-750 ℃ of destructive distillation; Australian Union's science and industrial research institute (CSIRO) fluidized bed pyrolysis device are the rapid pyrolysis apparatus of 20kg/h, adopt instantaneous heating fast pyrogenation (less than 0.5s).This low-temperature pyrolysis method (L-R method) etc. is covered at think much section's pyrolysis of coal technology and Lu Qi-Rule in the U.S. that to adopt hot porcelain ball in addition be thermophore.The inventor has proposed a kind of brown coal distillation process and device of coke carried heat in patent documentation CN101775296A, adopt the method for two-stage destructive distillation to obtain high-quality coal gas, tar and semicoke with high-temperature coke as thermophore.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis system and technology of solid heat-carrying, adopt single destructive distillation device to realize low-temperature pyrolysis and high temperature carbonization simultaneously, have simple in structure, advantage such as reduce investment outlay.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis system of solid heat-carrying is characterized in that described system comprises:
1) feeder that links to each other with former feed bin;
2) dry still is used for dry inferior coal raw material from feeder;
3) dry separator, this drying separator inlet links to each other with the pneumatic outlet of dry still, for separating of dried gas-solid mixture;
4) destructive distillation feed bin is used for the solid materials of admitting the dried dry inferior coal of dry still and dry separator to separate;
5) destructive distillation feeder that links to each other with the outlet of destructive distillation feed bin;
6) destructive distillation device that links to each other with the destructive distillation feeder, described destructive distillation device comprise freezer compartment, high-temperature chamber, the first destructive distillation separator that communicates with freezer compartment top and the second destructive distillation separator that communicates with high-temperature chamber top; Be separated by by furnace wall between freezer compartment and the high-temperature chamber, the furnace wall bottom is provided with venting valve; Freezer compartment is used for dry inferior coal is carried out low-temperature pyrolysis, and the low-temperature pyrolysis product enters high-temperature chamber and carries out high temperature carbonization, and the solid product semicoke behind the high temperature carbonization enters the product storehouse;
7) a gas tar isolation of purified system that links to each other with the pneumatic outlet of the first destructive distillation separator and the second destructive distillation separator is used for separating coal gas and blended tars from the first destructive distillation separator and the second destructive distillation separator;
8) lifting system that links to each other with the product storehouse is used for lift portion solid product semicoke;
9) burning bed that links to each other with lifting system is used for making solid product semicoke after the destructive distillation device destructive distillation to carry out surface combustion and generates heat-carrying high temperature semicoke, and sends heat-carrying high temperature semicoke back to destructive distillation device;
10) burning separator, this burning separator inlet links to each other with the pneumatic outlet on burning bed top, be used for the gas-solid mixture that segregated combustion bed burning back produces, the solid materials that this burning separator separates mixes with the heat-carrying high temperature semicoke of burning bed generation and is transmitted back to destructive distillation device;
11) afterburning chamber that links to each other with burning separator gas outlet, the outlet of this afterburning chamber links to each other with dry still bottom, and this afterburning chamber is used for making the combustiblematerials after-flame in the flue gas that burns after the separator separation.
In the technique scheme, described venting valve is the slot type structure, and the furnace wall between freezer compartment and the high-temperature chamber is divided into two chambers that the bottom is communicated with described slot type structure, is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment
1Be higher than the chamber height L that is positioned at high-temperature chamber
2Described venting valve is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment
1Less than 1/2 of the furnace wall vertical height L between freezer compartment and the high-temperature chamber, namely
In the technique scheme, described venting valve arranges more than two, arranges along the furnace wall depth direction between freezer compartment and the high-temperature chamber.
In the technique scheme, the venting valve bottom arranges loosening blast cap, and the loosening blast cap I that is positioned at freezer compartment is wind cap, and the loosening blast cap II that is positioned at high-temperature chamber is wind cap or non-directional blast cap, and loosening blast cap II number is more than loosening blast cap I number.
Adopt the inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis technology of the inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis system of above-mentioned solid heat-carrying, comprise the steps:
1) sends into dry still drying by former feed bin by feeder through broken inferior coal feed coal;
2) the dried dry inferior coal of dry still enters the destructive distillation feed bin, the dry ash-laden gas that produces enters dry separator and carries out gas solid separation, gas after the separation discharges after the dust-removal system dedusting, and the dry inferior coal that dry separator separates also enters into the destructive distillation feed bin;
3) the dry inferior coal in the destructive distillation feed bin carries out the fluidization destructive distillation by the freezer compartment that the destructive distillation feeder enters destructive distillation device, the pyrolysis temperature of freezer compartment is 350～500 ℃, gas mixture after the destructive distillation enters the first destructive distillation separator on freezer compartment top, coal gas after the separation and blended tars enter gas tar isolation of purified system, and the solid materials under the first destructive distillation separator separates is got back to freezer compartment;
4) along with material in the freezer compartment and low-temperature pyrolysis solid product increase, the freezer compartment internal pressure raises, and the low-temperature pyrolysis solid product overflows to the lower high-temperature chamber of pressure from freezer compartment by venting valve, and the pyrolysis temperature of high-temperature chamber is 500～600 ℃; Gas mixture after the high-temperature chamber destructive distillation enters the second destructive distillation separator on high-temperature chamber top, and the coal gas after the separation and blended tars enter gas tar isolation of purified system, and the solid materials under the second destructive distillation separator separates is got back to high-temperature chamber;
5) the solid product semicoke after the high-temperature chamber destructive distillation is discharged from the discharge port of high-temperature chamber bottom and is entered the product storehouse, a part is as product, a part rises to by lifting system carries out surface combustion in the burning bed, form 850～950 ℃ heat-carrying high temperature semicoke, the pipeline that heat-carrying high temperature semicoke links to each other with destructive distillation device by burning bed is transmitted back to the freezer compartment of destructive distillation device and high-temperature chamber respectively as the solid thermophore, provides inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis and high temperature carbonization required heat;
6) gas-solid mixture that produces of burning bed burning enters the burning separator and carries out gas solid separation, the solid materials that separates is along with heat-carrying high temperature semicoke is transmitted back to destructive distillation device, and the gas after the separation enters dry still as dry flue gas the inferior coal feed coal is carried out drying behind afterburning chamber burning-off combustiblematerials.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and beneficial effect: this process using fluidized bed dry distillation device, and it is rapid to have a destructive distillation, characteristics such as hydrocarbon yield height; Destructive distillation device adopts the double-chamber structure of self-equilibrating, has advantage of simple structure, and whole process flow is reduced investment outlay; Under the lower pyrolysis temperature, be of value to acquisition more high quality tar.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis technology of a kind of solid heat-carrying that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 2 is the destructive distillation device substructure synoptic diagram of the brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis technology of a kind of solid heat-carrying that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 3 is the destructive distillation device B-B schematic top plan view of the brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis technology venting valve of a kind of solid heat-carrying that the present invention relates to when being one.
Fig. 4 is the destructive distillation device B-B schematic top plan view of the brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis technology venting valve of a kind of solid heat-carrying that the present invention relates to when being two.
Among the figure: the former feed bin of 1-, 2-feeder, the dry still of 3-, the dry separator of 4-, 5-destructive distillation feed bin, 6-destructive distillation feeder, 7-freezer compartment, 8-high-temperature chamber, the 9-venting valve, the 10-first destructive distillation separator, the 11-second destructive distillation separator, 12-gas tar isolation of purified system, 13-burning bed, the 14-separator that burns, the 15-afterburning chamber, 16-blower fan, 17-product storehouse, the 18-lifting system, 19-becomes flexible blast cap I, and 20-becomes flexible blast cap II.
Embodiment
Describe system of the present invention, concrete technology and operational scheme in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis system of a kind of solid heat-carrying involved in the present invention comprises:
1) feeder 2 that links to each other with former feed bin 1;
2) dry still 3 is used for dry inferior coal feed coal from feeder 2;
3) dry separator 4, this drying separator inlet links to each other with the pneumatic outlet of dry still 3, for separating of dried gas-solid mixture;
4) destructive distillation feed bin 5 is used for the solid materials of admitting dry still 3 dried dry inferior coals and dry separator 4 to separate;
5) destructive distillation feeder 6 that links to each other with 5 outlets of destructive distillation feed bin;
6) destructive distillation device that links to each other with destructive distillation feeder 6, described destructive distillation device comprise freezer compartment 7, high-temperature chamber 8, the first destructive distillation separator 10 that communicates with freezer compartment top and the second destructive distillation separator 11 that communicates with high-temperature chamber top; Be separated by by furnace wall between freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8, the furnace wall bottom is provided with venting valve 9, and the furnace wall vertical height extends in the venting valve 9; Freezer compartment 7 is used for dry inferior coal is carried out low-temperature pyrolysis, and the low-temperature pyrolysis product enters high-temperature chamber 8 and carries out high temperature carbonization, and the solid product semicoke behind the high temperature carbonization enters product storehouse 17;
7) a gas tar isolation of purified system 12 that links to each other with the second destructive distillation separator 11 with the first destructive distillation separator 10 of destructive distillation device is used for separating coal gas and blended tars from the first destructive distillation separator and the second destructive distillation separator;
8) lifting system 18 that links to each other with product storehouse 17 is used for lift portion solid product semicoke;
9) burning bed 13 that links to each other with lifting system 18 is used for making solid product semicoke after the destructive distillation device destructive distillation to carry out surface combustion and generates heat-carrying high temperature semicoke, and this burning bed bottom links to each other with destructive distillation device, sends heat-carrying high temperature semicoke back to destructive distillation device;
10) burning separator 14, this burning separator inlet links to each other with the pneumatic outlet on burning bed 13 tops, be used for the gas-solid mixture that segregated combustion bed burning back produces, the solid materials that this burning separator separates mixes with the heat-carrying high temperature semicoke of burning bed generation and is transmitted back to destructive distillation device;
11) afterburning chamber 15 that links to each other with burning separator 14 pneumatic outlets, the outlet of this afterburning chamber links to each other with dry still 3 bottoms, this afterburning chamber is used for making the combustiblematerials after-flame in the flue gas after burning separator (14) separates, and the flue gas in afterburnt is as the dry gas of dry still.
In the technique scheme, described venting valve 9 is the slot type structure, and the furnace wall between freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8 is divided into two chambers that the bottom is communicated with described slot type structure, is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment 7
1Be higher than the chamber height L that is positioned at high-temperature chamber 8
2Furnace wall vertical height between described freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8 is L, and described venting valve 9 is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment 7
1Less than 1/2 of furnace wall vertical height L, namely
In the technique scheme, described venting valve 9 arranges more than two, arranges along the furnace wall depth direction between freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8.
As shown in Figure 1, have inferior coals such as high-volatile, the brown coal that hang down the fixed carbon characteristic, peat, resinous shale, send into dry still 3 dryings by former feed bin 1 by feeder 2 through broken back.Dry wind enters 3 pairs of inferior coal feed coals of dry still by blower fan 16 and carries out drying.Dry still 3 dried dry inferior coals enter destructive distillation feed bin 5, dried ash-laden gas enters dry separator 4 and carries out gas solid separation, gas after the separation discharges after the dust-removal system dedusting, and the dry inferior coal that dry separator 4 separates also enters into destructive distillation feed bin 5.Dry inferior coal in the destructive distillation feed bin 5 is distributed by destructive distillation feed bin distribution system, enters the destructive distillation device destructive distillation by destructive distillation feeder 6.Destructive distillation device comprises freezer compartment 7, high-temperature chamber 8, the first destructive distillation separator 10 that communicates with freezer compartment top and the second destructive distillation separator 11 that communicates with high-temperature chamber top.Be separated by by furnace wall between freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8, furnace wall is provided with venting valve 9, and furnace wall bottom (furnace wall vertical height) extends in the venting valve 9, plays the effect (as shown in Figure 2) of baffle plate.When a venting valve 9 was set, venting valve was arranged on the centre of furnace wall bottom usually, as shown in Figure 3.When two venting valves 9 were set, venting valve was arranged on two ends, furnace wall bottom usually, as shown in Figure 4.When three above venting valves 9 were set, venting valve was arranged along the furnace wall depth direction between freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8, is generally equidistant layout.
Dry inferior coal carries out the fluidization destructive distillation by the freezer compartment 7 that destructive distillation feeder 6 enters into destructive distillation device, the pyrolysis temperature of freezer compartment 7 is 400～500 ℃, gas mixture after the destructive distillation enters the first destructive distillation separator 10 that links to each other with freezer compartment 7 tops, the solid materials that coal gas after the separation and blended tars enter under 12, the first destructive distillation separators, 10 separation of gas tar isolation of purified system is got back to freezer compartment 7.
Along with coal and low-temperature pyrolysis solid product increase, freezer compartment 7 internal pressures raise, and material bed also rising makes the low-temperature pyrolysis solid product enter the venting valve 9 that is communicated with freezer compartment 7 and high-temperature chamber 8 under the effect of room pressure.Venting valve 9 is the slot type structure, and the furnace wall between freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8 is divided into two chambers that the bottom is communicated with this slot type structure, is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment 7
1Be higher than the chamber height L that is positioned at high-temperature chamber 8
2, can reduce the resistance of high-temperature chamber side, make the low-temperature pyrolysis product be easy to enter high-temperature chamber 8.Furnace wall vertical height between described freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8 is L, and venting valve 9 is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment 7
1Less than 1/2 of furnace wall vertical height L, namely
Make flowing valve be positioned at emulsion zone, be convenient to material stream passed.Venting valve 9 bottoms arrange loosening blast cap more than two simultaneously, the loosening blast cap I19 that is positioned at the venting valve 9 bottoms setting of freezer compartment 7 one sides is wind cap, the loosening blast cap II20 that is positioned at the venting valve 9 bottoms setting of high-temperature chamber 8 one sides is wind cap or non-directional blast cap, and loosening blast cap II20 number is more than loosening blast cap I19 number.Because the pressure of freezer compartment 7 is higher than high-temperature chamber 8, and venting valve at the resistance of freezer compartment side greater than the resistance in the high-temperature chamber side, enter the low-temperature pyrolysis solid product of venting valve 9 under the loosening effect of loosening wind, can enter high-temperature chamber from freezer compartment more swimmingly.Be positioned at the wind cap of venting valve 9 bottoms of freezer compartment one side, also can better dredge the flow direction of low-temperature pyrolysis solid product.
Loosening wind is blown into from the loosening blast cap of venting valve 9 bottoms, the low-temperature pyrolysis solid product of freezer compartment overflows to pressure by the venting valve 9 between freezer compartment 7 and the high-temperature chamber 8 under loosening wind action low in high-temperature chamber 8, carries out 500～600 ℃ destructive distillation in high-temperature chamber; Gas mixture after the high-temperature chamber destructive distillation enters the second destructive distillation separator 11 that links to each other with high-temperature chamber top, and the solid materials that the coal gas after the separation and blended tars enter under 12, the second destructive distillation separators, 11 separation of gas tar isolation of purified system is got back to high-temperature chamber 8.Solid product semicoke after high-temperature chamber 8 destructive distillation is discharged from the discharge port of high-temperature chamber 8 bottoms and is entered product storehouse 17, a part is as product, a part rises to by lifting system 18 carries out surface combustion in the burning bed 13, form 850～950 ℃ heat-carrying high temperature semicoke, heat-carrying high temperature semicoke is transmitted back to the freezer compartment 7 of destructive distillation device and high-temperature chamber 8 respectively as the solid thermophore by the connecting tube between burning bed and the destructive distillation device, provides inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis and high temperature carbonization required heat;
The gas-solid mixture that burning bed 13 burnings produce enters burning separator 14 and carries out gas solid separation, the solid materials that separates is along with heat-carrying high temperature semicoke is transmitted back to destructive distillation device, and the flue gas after the separation enters 3 pairs of inferior coal feed coals of dry still as dry flue gas and carries out drying behind afterburning chamber 15 burning-off combustiblematerialss.
Claims (3)
1. the inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis system of a solid heat-carrying is characterized in that described system comprises:
1) feeder (2) that links to each other with former feed bin (1);
2) a dry still (3) is used for dry inferior coal raw material from feeder (2);
3) a dry separator (4), this drying separator inlet links to each other with the pneumatic outlet of dry still (3), for separating of dried gas-solid mixture;
4) a destructive distillation feed bin (5) is used for the solid materials of admitting the dried dry inferior coal of dry still (3) and dry separator (4) to separate;
5) destructive distillation feeder (6) that links to each other with the outlet of destructive distillation feed bin (5);
6) destructive distillation device that links to each other with destructive distillation feeder (6), described destructive distillation device comprise freezer compartment (7), high-temperature chamber (8), the first destructive distillation separator (10) that communicates with freezer compartment top and the second destructive distillation separator (11) that communicates with high-temperature chamber top; Be separated by by furnace wall between freezer compartment (7) and the high-temperature chamber (8), the furnace wall bottom is provided with venting valve (9); Freezer compartment (7) is used for dry inferior coal is carried out low-temperature pyrolysis, and the low-temperature pyrolysis product enters high-temperature chamber (8) and carries out high temperature carbonization, and the solid product semicoke behind the high temperature carbonization enters product storehouse (17); Described venting valve (9) is the slot type structure, and the furnace wall between freezer compartment and the high-temperature chamber is divided into two chambers that the bottom is communicated with described slot type structure, is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment (7)
1Be higher than the chamber height L that is positioned at high-temperature chamber (8)
2Described venting valve (9) is positioned at the chamber height L of freezer compartment (7)
1Less than 1/2 of the furnace wall vertical height L between freezer compartment and the high-temperature chamber, namely
Described venting valve (9) bottom arranges loosening blast cap, be positioned at the loosening blast cap I(19 of freezer compartment (7)) be wind cap, be positioned at the loosening blast cap II(20 of high-temperature chamber (8)) for wind cap or non-directional blast cap, loosening blast cap II(20) number is more than loosening blast cap I(19) number;
7) gas tar isolation of purified system (12) that links to each other with the pneumatic outlet of the first destructive distillation separator (10) and the second destructive distillation separator (11) is used for separating coal gas and blended tars from the first destructive distillation separator (10) and the second destructive distillation separator (11);
8) lifting system (18) that links to each other with product storehouse (17) is used for lift portion solid product semicoke;
9) burning bed (13) that links to each other with lifting system (18) is used for making solid product semicoke after the destructive distillation device destructive distillation to carry out surface combustion and generates heat-carrying high temperature semicoke, and sends heat-carrying high temperature semicoke back to destructive distillation device;
10) burning separator (14), this burning separator inlet links to each other with the pneumatic outlet on burning bed (13) top, be used for the gas-solid mixture that segregated combustion bed burning back produces, the solid materials that this burning separator separates mixes with the heat-carrying high temperature semicoke of burning bed generation and is transmitted back to destructive distillation device;
11) afterburning chamber (15) that links to each other with burning separator (14) pneumatic outlet, the outlet of this afterburning chamber links to each other with dry still (3) bottom, and this afterburning chamber is used for making the combustiblematerials after-flame in the flue gas that burns after separator (14) separation.
2. according to the inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis system of a kind of solid heat-carrying shown in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described venting valve (9) arranges more than two, arranges along the furnace wall depth direction between freezer compartment (7) and the high-temperature chamber (8).
3. adopt a kind of inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis technology of system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that this technology comprises the steps:
1) sends into dry still (3) drying by former feed bin (1) by feeder (2) through broken inferior coal raw material;
2) the dried dry inferior coal of dry still (3) enters destructive distillation feed bin (5), the dry ash-laden gas that produces enters dry separator (4) and carries out gas solid separation, gas after the separation discharges after the dust-removal system dedusting, and the dry inferior coal that dry separator (4) separates also enters into destructive distillation feed bin (5);
3) the dry inferior coal in the destructive distillation feed bin (5) carries out the fluidization destructive distillation by the freezer compartment (7) that destructive distillation feeder (6) enters destructive distillation device, the pyrolysis temperature of freezer compartment is 350～500 ℃, gas mixture after the destructive distillation enters the first destructive distillation separator (10) on freezer compartment top, coal gas after the separation and blended tars enter gas tar isolation of purified system (12), and the solid materials under the first destructive distillation separator (10) separates is got back to freezer compartment (7);
4) along with the interior material of freezer compartment (7) and low-temperature pyrolysis solid product increase, freezer compartment (7) internal pressure raises, the low-temperature pyrolysis solid product overflows to the lower high-temperature chamber of pressure (8) from freezer compartment (7) by venting valve (9), and the pyrolysis temperature of high-temperature chamber is 500～600 ℃; Gas mixture after the high-temperature chamber destructive distillation enters the second destructive distillation separator (11) on high-temperature chamber top, coal gas after the separation and blended tars enter gas tar isolation of purified system (12), and the solid materials under the second destructive distillation separator (11) separates is got back to high-temperature chamber (8);
5) the solid product semicoke after the high-temperature chamber destructive distillation is discharged from the discharge port of high-temperature chamber (8) bottom and is entered product storehouse (17), a part is as product, a part rises in the burning bed (13) by lifting system carries out surface combustion, form 850～950 ℃ heat-carrying high temperature semicoke, the pipeline that heat-carrying high temperature semicoke links to each other with destructive distillation device by burning bed is transmitted back to the freezer compartment (7) of destructive distillation device and high-temperature chamber (8) respectively as the solid thermophore, provides inferior coal low-temperature pyrolysis and high temperature carbonization required heat;
6) gas-solid mixture that produces of burning bed (13) burning enters burning separator (14) and carries out gas solid separation, the solid materials that separates is along with heat-carrying high temperature semicoke is transmitted back to destructive distillation device, and the gas after the separation enters dry still (3) as dry flue gas the inferior coal raw material is carried out drying behind afterburning chamber (15) burning-off combustiblematerials.
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| CN102690666B (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | Gas-solid combined type heat-carrying oil shale fluidized bed dry distilling system |
| CN102994126B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-07-16 | 田原宇 | Pyrolysis upgrading equipment of downward circulating fluidized bed for low-rank coal |
| CN102878566B (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2015-01-07 | 大连理工大学 | Organic solid fuel drying, pyrolyzing and incinerating integrated method and organic solid fuel drying, pyrolyzing and incinerating integrated device |
| CN103031135B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Fluidized bed hierarchical coal pyrolysis reactor and coal pyrolysis method |
| CN105199756B (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2018-06-19 | 山西大学 | A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler two-stage pyrolysis of coal device and pyrolysis of coal method |
| CN111534315A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-08-14 | 清华大学 | Rotary kiln low-rank coal pyrolysis cyclic upgrading process |
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