CN101669356A - True color communication - Google Patents
True color communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN101669356A CN101669356A CN200780052908A CN200780052908A CN101669356A CN 101669356 A CN101669356 A CN 101669356A CN 200780052908 A CN200780052908 A CN 200780052908A CN 200780052908 A CN200780052908 A CN 200780052908A CN 101669356 A CN101669356 A CN 101669356A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
- H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
- H04N1/60—Colour correction or control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
- H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
- H04N1/60—Colour correction or control
- H04N1/6083—Colour correction or control controlled by factors external to the apparatus
- H04N1/6086—Colour correction or control controlled by factors external to the apparatus by scene illuminant, i.e. conditions at the time of picture capture, e.g. flash, optical filter used, evening, cloud, daylight, artificial lighting, white point measurement, colour temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
- H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
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- Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
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Abstract
Embodiments of the present invention recite a system and method for conveying the true color of a subject. In one embodiment, the present invention comprises an image capture device (201), an imaged reference color set (202) comprising at least one reference color (202a) and a control reference color set (203) comprising at least one control color (203a) corresponding to the at least one referencecolor (203a). The present invention further comprises a color correction component (204) for accessing the control reference color set and the imaged reference color set (202) and for generating a color correction function (210) which eliminates a discrepancy between the at least one reference color (203a) and the at least one control color (203a).
Description
Technical field
Embodiments of the invention relate to the color of catching and transmit object exactly.
Background technology
Image catch and the reproduction field in, the processing parameter that image is caught with image display device is set in advance by manufacturer.Usually, manufacturer adjusts these parameters, makes the image created look " fine ", so that the user can be satisfied to the result.This is called " photo washes (photofinishing) or preferably reproduces model ", and is opposite with " colourity (colorimetric) is reproduced model ", and " colourity reproduction model " manages to transmit the correct color of object.For example, many digital cameras are carried out the operation that is called " white balance ", and imaging parameters is adjusted in this operation, makes that the ensemble average color of image for example is the color of half intensity gray level image (50% gray scale).This supposition, the view of imaging is actually 50% gray scale, and this seldom sets up.Thus, white balance is any adjustment, and it is used for producing visual image qualitatively, and is not the image that is used for producing correct drafting quantitatively.
In exemplary white balance process, cut out plotted value (for example monochrome scale) dark and the brightest in (clip) image by the distribution of analyzing the intensity level of observing usually.Cut out to guarantee using available range of signal well.Cut out for example dark value and the bright value of preassigned percentage, and it is mapped to same value (for example be mapped to 0 or maximum).On usable range, value is therebetween carried out convergent-divergent then.Yet in order to make resulting image more attractive, this convergent-divergent can make true chromatogram distortion.These adjustment are normally predefined by manufacturer, and unification is applied to the image that all obtain.Thus, the processing parameter of digital camera can not be handled " truly " color of projects in (address) render view, and this can't determine because there is not out of Memory.
The ambient lighting conditions that exists when in addition, catching image may make overall color and luster (coloration) distortion of image.For example, if at the indoor picture that obtains, then can weighting in the particular range of chromatogram by the light of illuminating equipment radiation.For example, fluorescent illumination is sent and is had light azury.Thus, exist the figure sector-meeting of obtaining under the situation of fluorescent illumination, and will draw than having of existing of actual capabilities and more many object of blue cast by the surround lighting distortion.
In order to overcome these distortions, can provide controlled environment, therein the calibration and the image processing parameter of monitoring image capture device subtly.These controlled environments also depend on the illumination of fine adjustment and control, make any distortion of being produced by ambient lighting and image processing equipment or known or be minimized.
Except the problem of catching the correct image of luminosity, display image also is a problem under the situation of not introducing the color space distortion.For example, the color rendering of computer monitor or other display unit is along with the time changes.As a result, shown color-values is along with may there be a certain " drift " in the time with the calibration parameter that sets in advance.Play up in the important use (for example computer animation) that to be consistent very at color, be necessary the labor and the recalibration of object computer monitor once in a while.Similarly, printer is calibrated before sale, but on-line calibration be limited to usually nozzle function ON/OFF test.Scanner can be used for calibration or recalibrates color, prints and scanning possible inaccurate but these have made up from image.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention have been put down in writing a kind of system and method that is used to transmit the realistic colour of object.In one embodiment, the present invention includes image capture apparatus, comprise at least one with reference to the imaging of color with reference to the color collection and comprise with this at least one with reference to the control of at least one corresponding control color of color with reference to the color collection.The present invention also comprise be used for access control with reference to color collection and imaging with reference to the color collection and be used to generate eliminate this at least one at least one controls colour correction parts of the colour correction function of difference between color with reference to color and this.
Description of drawings
Merge in this specification and the embodiments of the invention that formed its a part of accompanying drawing illustration, and be used from specification one and explain principle of the present invention.Unless spell out, otherwise the accompanying drawing of mentioning in this specification is construed as not drawn on scale.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of method of realistic colour that is used to transmit object according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 A, 2B and 2C show the exemplary image capture systems that uses according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the exemplary color reference collection that uses according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram according to the colour correction parts of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram that can implement the illustrative computer system of the embodiment of the invention on it.
Embodiment
Now will be in detail with reference to embodiments of the invention, its example is shown in the drawings.Though will describe the present invention with the following Examples, be appreciated that they are not intended to the present invention is only limited to these embodiment.On the contrary, the invention is intended to contain alternative, modification and equivalents, these alternatives, modification and equivalents can be included in the spirit and scope of the present invention of appended claims definition.And, in below of the present invention, describing in detail,, set forth a large amount of details for complete understanding of the present invention is provided.Yet embodiments of the invention can be implemented under the situation of these details not having.In other cases, well-known method, program, parts and circuit are not described in detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily blured each side of the present invention.
Symbol and term
Below the some parts of Xiang Ximiaoshuing is to provide according to program, logical block, processing with to other symbolic representation of the operation of the data bit in the computer storage.These descriptions and expression are that the technical staff of data processing field passes to the mode that this field others skilled in the art use for the essence of most effectively they being worked.In this application, program, logical block, process etc. are considered to cause the independent step or the command sequence of expected result.These steps are those steps that need carry out physical manipulation to physical quantity.Usually, though not necessarily, this tittle takes to be stored, transmits, makes up, relatively or the signal of telecommunication of otherwise in computer system, handling or the form of magnetic signal.
Yet what should keep firmly in mind is, all these and similar terms all are associated with suitable physical quantity, and only are the labels that makes things convenient for that is applied to this tittle.Unless as explicit state is arranged apparently in addition according to following argumentation, recognize, the present invention utilizes in the whole text such as " visit ", " generation ", " apply ", " coupling ", " use ", " identification ", " storage ", " generation ", the argumentation of term such as " catching " refers to the action and the process of computer system or similar computing electronics, and described computer system or similar computing electronics will be expressed as the data manipulation of physics (electronics) amount in the RS of computer system and be transformed into the similar this information stores of computer system memory or register or other that is expressed as, other data of physical quantity in transmission or the display unit.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of method 100 of realistic colour that is used to transmit object according to the embodiment of the invention.In the step 110 of Fig. 1, visit comprise at least one with reference to the imaging of color with reference to the color collection.In an embodiment of the present invention, catch the image that comprises with reference to the color collection.This imaging can be unique target (object) in the image of being caught with reference to the color collection, perhaps also can catching in the image at object.In an embodiment of the present invention, this object can be for anyone, local or its image can captive thing.
Usually, drop on the quality of the light on the given object and spectral characteristic and influence object camera and the outward appearance on the image that camera generates thus.The manufacturing of camera by its transducer itself and the physical characteristic of its design, and the inter-process characteristic by camera have also been introduced further variation in the color and luster of institute's perception of object.These influences combine and make that the color and luster tolerance of imaging object is very unreliable.By watching the reference color collection of under ambient lighting conditions substantially the same and processing parameter, catching with object images, embodiments of the invention can promote to determine from the color space of the observation of catching image to irrelevant reference of the image-capable of the camera of catching image and ambient lighting conditions or the conversion of " truly " color space.
In the step 120 of Fig. 1, visit comprises that at least one controls the control of color with reference to the color collection with reference to corresponding at least one of color with this.In an embodiment of the present invention, the realistic colour space by comprise with imaging with reference to the control of the corresponding one or more colors of one or more colors of color collection with reference to the color set representations.Recognize that control can comprise that with reference to the color collection wherein the chrominance signal value of the reference color collection in the image and the reference logic color collection of spectral reflectivity are caught in visit, rather than the actual physics entity.
In the step 130 of Fig. 1, generate the colour correction function, its eliminate this at least one with reference to the difference between color and the corresponding control color.By relatively controlling with reference to the characteristic of color collection and the characteristic of the imaging of catching in image with reference to the color collection, embodiments of the invention can determine to take into account (account for) imaging with reference to color collection and conversion or " the colour correction function " controlled with reference to the difference between the characteristic of color collection.Ambient lighting in this colour correction function direct compensation room and the versicolor combined effect of gathering camera.
In order to promote to determine this with reference to conversion, the imaging in the embodiments of the invention detected image is with reference to the color collection, and the measurement imaging is with reference to the observating characteristic of color collection.Embodiments of the invention are determined the colour correction function then, and it makes imaging more approach to control color-values with reference to the color collection with reference to the color description of color collection.This colour correction function can be applied to the image of being caught then, or the image of catching subsequently, makes the color in the image transmit the realistic colour of object more accurately.
Thus, the embodiments of the invention deducibility goes out ambient lighting conditions and the equipment energy characteristic of image capture system and the combined effect of image-capable in the position of catching image.From image, eliminate these combined effect then basically, the more accurate expression that makes it possible to transmit the object color.In an embodiment of the present invention, can generate the colour correction function, and by image capture apparatus itself, by display image device, apply this colour correction function as third-party service or their any combination.
Fig. 2 A shows the exemplary image capture systems 200 that uses in conjunction with the embodiment of the invention.In an embodiment of the present invention, system 200 comprise image capture apparatus 201, imaging with reference to color collection 202, control with reference to color collection 203 and colour correction parts 204.In the embodiment of Fig. 2 A, imaging comprises also that with reference to color collection 202 at least one is with reference to color 202a and unique identification 202b.And control comprises also that with reference to color collection 203 at least one is with reference to color 202a corresponding at least one control color 203a and corresponding sign 203b corresponding with unique identification 202b with this.
In an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 be used to visit imaging with reference to color collection 202 and control with reference to color collection 203.More particularly, colour correction parts 204 are relatively with reference to color 202a and control color 203a, make imaging with reference to the how conversion of the color of color collection 202 to determine image processing parameter owing to ambient lighting conditions and image capture apparatus 201.Colour correction parts 204 generate colour correction function (for example 210) then, and it is eliminated with reference to color 202a and the difference of controlling between the color 203a (if having any difference).
In an embodiment of the present invention, system 200 also comprises the applicator (applicator) 205 that is coupled with colour correction parts 204.In an embodiment of the present invention, applicator 205 applies the colour correction function 210 that is generated by colour correction parts 204 to image (for example 206), to create the image 207 through revising.When doing like this, ambient lighting conditions and the equipment energy characteristic of image capture apparatus 201 and the combined effect of image-capable from image 207, have been eliminated in the position of catching image 206 through modification.As a result, in through the image of revising 207, transmit the realistic colour of object (for example 211).Note, for the purposes of the present invention, term " elimination " be meant imaging with reference to color collection 202 (for example through in the image of revising 207) with control with reference to the difference between the reference color in the color collection 203 or outside the detected parameters of system 200, or within acceptable changing value.
As mentioned above, in an embodiment of the present invention, can in the image 206 identical, be captured as picture with reference to color collection 202 with object 211.In another embodiment, can in the image that separates with the image 206 of wherein catching object 211, be captured as picture with reference to color collection 202.May not wish that this may be favourable under the situation of imaging with reference to color collection 202 shown in the image identical with object 211.For example, during the film studio photography, photographer may not want to see that imaging is with reference to color collection 202 in the portrait of object 211.Thus, photographer can be captured as first image of picture with reference to color collection 202, and this first image is used for determining colour correction function 210.The image of the object 211 that colour correction function 210 processing subsequent that generated by colour correction parts 204 before using are then caught.In one embodiment, system 200 also comprises the data storage device 208 that is used to store colour correction function 210 and one or more image (for example image 206, through the image 207 revised etc.).Notice that in an embodiment of the present invention, the ambient lighting conditions and the image-capable of catching image separately should be substantially the same, so that draw colour correction function 210 accurately.
Notice that the configuration of the system 200 among Fig. 2 A is exemplary, and according to embodiments of the invention, other configuration of parts also is possible.For example, colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as discrete color calibration system or are embodied as the network of the parts of communicative couplings.In an embodiment of the present invention, the function of colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be performed as the service of the provider of third party service provider or network 209.Alternatively, colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as the parts of image capture apparatus 201.In another embodiment, applicator 205 is arranged on the image capture apparatus 201, and it is coupled with colour correction parts 204 and data storage device 208 communicatedly.Thus, image capture apparatus 201 receives colour correction function 210 via network 209, and it is applied to image 207 to create the image 207 through revising.In another embodiment, colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and control can be embodied as (for example image capture apparatus 201) detachable block that uses detachable media (such as smart card or other detachable data storage device) with reference to color collection 203.
In an embodiment of the present invention, image capture apparatus 201 does not need controlled infrastructure (controlled infrastructure) when catching image 206.For example, image capture apparatus 201 can be the personal computer system of object, the cell phone (for example this paper is called " camera phones ") that digital camera maybe can generate photo.Thus, not the equipment (for example illumination of Jiao Zhun camera and calibration) that depends on calibration, embodiments of the invention can utilize the personal device of object to catch image 206.And, as long as lighting condition is enough to allow colour correction parts 204 handle image, just need in the known or in check environment of ambient lighting conditions, not catch image 206.As a result, even can in various environment (for example comprise the open air, or in the family of object 211), catch image 206.
Embodiments of the invention are favourable, because they do not need controlled infrastructure, reason is that colour correction parts 204 utilize the imaging that receives to infer the image processing parameter of ambient lighting conditions and image capture apparatus 201 with reference to the image of color collection 202.For example, colour correction parts 204 can relatively comprise imaging with reference to the color description of the color of color collection 202 with from the color description of control with reference to the corresponding color of color collection 208.As a result, embodiments of the invention do not rely on the camera of calibration or the illumination of calibration when catching the image of object 211.By carrying out this analysis, 204 deducibilitys of colour correction parts go out the combined effect of the image-capable of the ambient lighting conditions at place, object 211 present positions and image capture apparatus 201.Colour correction parts 204 can define then necessity carry out what adjustment make imaging with reference to the spectral reflectivity that is received of color collection 202 and chrominance signal value corresponding to known spectra reflectivity and the chrominance signal value of control with reference to color collection 203.Colour correction parts 204 can compensate when catching image the caused image fault of image processing parameter by ambient lighting conditions and image capture apparatus 201 thus, and based on this analysis, infer the correct color that is used for rendered object 211.Do not need controlled infrastructure though the present invention claims, embodiments of the invention also can use in conjunction with controlled infrastructure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, image capture apparatus 201 can comprise the personal property of object 211, maybe can catch the similar device of image such as printer, scanner, camera phones, digital camera, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant), personal computer system, digital video recorder.Yet embodiments of the invention also can be used for dedicated system, and wherein manufacturer is provided for providing information kiosk or other automatic system of product consulting.
In an embodiment of the present invention, network 209 comprises that dialing internet connection, public switch telephone network (PSTN), express network connect (for example cable the Internet or information autobahn) or the like.Alternatively, image capture apparatus 201 can utilize the radio communication of cell phone connection, satellite phone connection, dedicated radio link, infrared communication connection or other type.
In an embodiment of the present invention, it is the same with the realistic colour of catching object 211 important accurately to present realistic colour to the observer.Thus, embodiments of the invention can be used for adjusting display (display), make that the shown color of this display is desired.In other words, when transmitting the realistic colour of object, it also is important eliminating the colour distortion that is produced by display unit.In an embodiment of the present invention, the data of visiting by this display can be described to also not as top with reference to figure 2A described treated " original " data.In another embodiment, the data of visiting by this display can be described to as top with reference to figure 2A described treated " processing " data.
And, be noted that embodiments of the invention are not only limited to colour correction.Whether for example, in an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 also can carry out the inspection of geometrical pattern aspect with reference to color collection 202 to imaging, geometrical defect is incorporated in the image 206 with the lens of determining image capture apparatus 201.If detected geometrical defect in image 206, the colour correction function also can comprise the transforming function transformation function that is used for proofreading and correct this defective of passing through the image of revising 207 so.
Fig. 2 B shows another exemplary image capture systems that uses according to the embodiment of the invention.In the embodiment of Fig. 2 B, the data of display unit visit can be described to as top with reference to figure 2A described treated " processing " data, to represent " truly " color.In Fig. 2 B, display unit 220 generates and shows 221.In an embodiment of the present invention, show that 221 can comprise demonstration of printing demonstration, Projection Display, numeral generation or the like.In Fig. 2 B, showing imaging shown in 221 with reference to color collection 202, and be right after it and be furnished with physics control with reference to color collection 222.Notice that imaging can comprise as top described with reference to color 202a and unique identification 202b with reference to figure 2A with reference to color collection 202.Similarly, physics control can comprise also that with reference to color collection 222 physics is with reference to color 222a and corresponding identification 222b.Note, physics with reference to the spectral reflectivity of color 222a and chrominance signal value can corresponding to as top with reference to spectral reflectivity and the chrominance signal value of the described control of figure 2A with reference to color collection 203.
In an embodiment of the present invention, handling before the imaging shown in the demonstration 221 is with reference to color collection 202, can at first determine the image processing parameter of ambient lighting conditions and image capture apparatus 201.Thus, in one embodiment, colour correction parts 204 relatively physics cause imaging with reference to the how conversion of the color of color collection 202 with reference to color 222a and control color 203a to determine image processing parameter owing to ambient lighting conditions and image capture apparatus 201.Colour correction parts 204 can define then what adjustment is necessity carry out so that physics control with reference to the spectral reflectivity of the reception of color collection 222 and chrominance signal value corresponding to known spectra reflectivity and the chrominance signal value of control with reference to color collection 203.Colour correction parts 204 generate the colour correction function 210 of the image fault that compensation causes by the image processing parameter of ambient lighting conditions or image capture apparatus 201 then when catching physics control with reference to the image of color collection 222.
As shown in Fig. 2 B, imaging is controlled with reference to color collection 222 then by image capture apparatus 201 imagings simultaneously with reference to color collection 202 and physics.In an embodiment of the present invention, image 202 be the control that provided with reference to color collection 203 ' " truly " color describe, and catch image 206 and be delivered to colour correction parts 204, therein based on imaging with reference to color collection 202 and control with reference to color collection 203 ' relatively generation colour correction function.Thus, when colour correction parts 204 detect imaging with reference to color collection 202 and control with reference to color collection 203 ' between difference the time, generate the second colour correction function 225, its eliminate imaging with reference to color collection 202 with control with reference to color collection 203 ' between difference.As will be described in more detail below, in an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 or applicator 205 can comprise that being used to control the color that shows at least one color control of 221 adjusts maker.Thus, in the embodiment of Fig. 2 B, applicator 205 can generate in response to the second colour correction function 225 and adjust 223, adjust 223 and make and show that one of color control of 221 changes, its eliminate imaging with reference to color collection 202 with control with reference to color collection 203 ' (one or more) with reference to any difference between the color.
In other words, embodiments of the invention determine that physics control is with reference to first transforming function transformation function (for example the colour correction function 210) between color collection 222 and its correct luminosity outward appearance (photometric appearance) that is used to watch.Determine control with reference to color collection 203 ' and imaging with reference to second transforming function transformation function between the color collection 202 (for example second colour correction function 225).According to the appropriate combination of these two conversion, can determine that correct view from be shown to image represents the mapping of (viewing).Colour correction function 210 has taken into account illumination (illumination) and image is caught parameter to the combined effect of physics control with reference to the color of observing of color collection 222.The second colour correction function 225 has been taken into account illumination, the display parameters of display unit 220 and the combined effect that image is caught parameter.Thus, can carry out contrary product (inverse product) process of the colour correction function 210 and the second colour correction function 225, with the influence of the display parameters of determining display unit 220.As a result, system 200 is the output of may command display unit 220 then, makes the ambient lighting conditions at display unit 220 places and the demonstration processing parameter of display unit 220 not influence the color representation that shows in 221.In other words, the image that display unit 220 shows image-capable present and ambient lighting conditions and the camera of catching image is irrelevant, and system 200 can transmit the realistic colour of object exactly.Should also be noted that the control that is applied to display image 202 is applied to the reference set 203 of physics control with reference to color collection 222 with reference to color collection 203 ' needn't be different from.If the data that display unit 220 is visited are described identical (that is, being processed into 203) with physics control with reference to the color of color collection 222, they will be identical.
Notice that the configuration of the system 200 among Fig. 2 B is exemplary, and according to embodiments of the invention, other configuration of parts also is possible.As described above, colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as discrete color calibration system, or are embodied as the network of the parts of communicative couplings.In an embodiment of the present invention, the function of colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as the service of the provider of third party service provider or network 209.Alternatively, colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as the parts of image capture apparatus 201 or display unit 220.Note, this process can take place once, as the calibration steps of display unit 220, as the iteration of the color control that is used for constantly adjusting display unit 220 or feedback cycle or as adjustment to the color representation of the image 202 of visit, make in 221 202 resulting being presented at " truly " control with reference to color collection 203 ' tolerance in.
With reference now to Fig. 2 C,, the data of display unit 220 visit (for example image 207) through revising thus can be described as to be generated as meets control color reference collection 203 coupling physics controls " synthesizing " data with reference to " truly " color of color collection 202.As shown in Fig. 2 C, through the image 207 revised and imaging with reference to color collection 202 by image capture apparatus 201 imagings simultaneously.In an embodiment of the present invention, this image 206 is delivered to colour correction parts 204, therein based in through the image of revising 207 visible these two with reference to the color collection---display image 207 and with reference to the relatively generation colour correction function of color collection 202.Thus, when colour correction parts 204 detect through the image 207 revised with reference to the difference between the color collection 202 time, generate colour correction function 225, it is eliminated through the image 207 of modification and with reference to the difference between the color collection 202.As will be described in more detail below, in an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 or applicator 205 can comprise that being used to control the color that shows at least one color control of 221 adjusts maker.Thus, in the embodiment of Fig. 2 C, applicator 205 can generate in response to the second colour correction function 225 and adjust 223, adjust 223 and make and show that one of color control of 221 changes, its eliminate with reference to color collection 202 with through (one or more) of the image 207 of modification with reference to any difference between the color.
Because the image 207 that process is revised should represent to control " truly " color-values with reference to color collection 202, so all distortions of color shown in the indicated number 221 of any difference between them.Thus, in an embodiment of the present invention, the image 207 that process is revised is when can be used as the reference color collection of determining colour correction 225 when showing shown in 221.Be specified to picture with reference to color collection 202 and display image with reference to the transforming function transformation function between the color collection 207 (for example the colour correction function 225).Any difference between these color-values all will be indicated the distortion of the color representation that the characteristic owing to display unit 220 causes.As a result, system 200 is the output of may command display unit 220 then, make the demonstration processing parameter of display unit 220 do not present with the color representation that shows in 221 in the deviation of color of reference color collection 202.In other words, the shown image of display unit 220 is consistent with " truly " color collection 202 of expecting now.The real consistent degree of this demonstration will depend on the colour gamut (gamut) of display unit, and in other words, it accurately plays up the ability of expectation color.
Notice that once more the configuration of the system 200 among Fig. 2 C is exemplary, and according to embodiments of the invention, other configuration of parts also is possible.As described above, colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as discrete color calibration system or are embodied as the network of the parts of communicative couplings.In an embodiment of the present invention, the function of colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as the service of the provider of third party service provider or network 209.Alternatively, colour correction parts 204, applicator 205 and data storage device 208 can be implemented as the parts of image capture apparatus 201 or display unit 220.Note, this process can take place once, as the calibration steps of display unit 220, as the iteration of the color control that is used for constantly adjusting display unit 220 or feedback cycle or as adjustment, make in 221 in the tolerance of 207 resulting being presented at " truly " color collection 202 to the color representation of the image 207 of visit.
In the embodiment of the invention described in Fig. 2 A, 2B and the 2C, can be used for adjusting internal sensor and actuator (actuator) is provided with from the feedback of the analysis of image 206.This for example makes image capture apparatus 201 can optimize its register setting (for example gain, exposure, brightness, black grade and dark grade, saturation, contrast etc.), makes resulting image catch and represents the realistic colour value best.Similarly, the control of display unit 220 is adjustable to optimize it and shows 221 output, and perhaps the color that is presented can be transformed to produce their best image under the situation of given systematic influence.
Fig. 3 shows the exemplary imaging of use in embodiments of the present invention with reference to color collection 202.Notice that though the imaging that comprises a kind of color or the multicolour zone with reference to color collection 202 has been set forth in following argumentation, for the sake of clarity, these colors have omitted from Fig. 3.In an embodiment of the present invention, imaging is designed to carry out stalwartness detection automatically by colour correction parts 204 with reference to color collection 202.
As shown in Figure 3, imaging comprises a plurality of colour codes (color patch) (for example 301-324) with reference to color collection 202, and they are arranged in 3 row, 8 colour codes of every row.Above colour code 301-324 is included in reference to (one or more) of figure 2A, 2B and 2C description with reference to color 202a.In an embodiment of the present invention, contrast is the black background 330 on boundary with white border 340 and black border 350, and colour code 301-324 is set.In an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 use detection algorithms identification and the consistent pattern of pattern by producing to black background 330 gauges with white border 340.Black border 350 is used for promoting identification white border 340.Notice that embodiments of the invention are not only limited to such pattern, and any detectable reference pattern arranges and all can use, as long as colour correction parts 204 can detect this pattern when it is present in the image 206.For example, imaging can comprise checkerboard pattern, striped or background with reference to color collection 202, and wherein the color of being represented by colour code 301-324 is embedded in wallpaper, wall hanging, the carpet etc.In another embodiment, imaging can be included in the continuous color change of expecting in the Color Range with reference to color collection 202, such as a series of colors or numerous colors (a spectrum or rainbow of colors).Can comprise from the sampling of the color of successive range the color of gamut is sampled, or the zone of dispersion of this successive range is sampled.In addition, though Fig. 3 shows rectangular array, colour code 301-324 also can be arranged to circular pattern, triangle pattern, square pattern or the like.
In the embodiments of figure 3, colour code 301-308 comprises primary colors and the secondary color that is used for general scene tone balance, and the grey (two shades of gray) that is used for two weights of white balance adds black and white.Colour code 309-324 comprises 16 colour codes representing selected Color Range.For example, in one embodiment, colour code 309-324 comprises the scope of human skin color.In an embodiment of the present invention, control is known with reference to the color description of color collection 203 for colour correction parts 204, and with for referencial use or " truly " color space, irrelevant with illumination and image capture apparatus characteristic, imaging compares with reference to color collection 202 and this " truly " color space.For example, in one embodiment, measure the spectral reflectivity of each colour code (for example 301-324), then it is approximately standard red, green, blue (sRGB) coded numeric value of 3 components.Then these coded signal value are compared with reference to the corresponding 3 component signal values of the control color (for example 203a) of color collection 203 with control.
As shown in FIG. 3, imaging comprises unique identification 202b with reference to color collection 202.In an embodiment of the present invention, unique identification 202b can comprise image capture apparatus 201 discernible any symbols, letter, word, pattern, numeral, bar code, radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) label etc.
By discerning uniquely with reference to the color collection, embodiments of the invention promoted to discern its chromatic characteristic corresponding to the control of colour code 301-324 with reference to color collection 203.(for example by image capture apparatus 201) remote access and imaging are favourable with reference to the 202 corresponding controls of color collection with reference to color data.Thus, if image capture apparatus 201 or display unit 220 comprise colour correction parts 204, then can use corresponding identification 203b discern with imaging with reference to the corresponding control of color collection 202 with reference to color collection 203, and with its download.Similarly, but operator or service provider's quick identification and specific imaging with reference to the corresponding chromatic characteristic of color collection 202.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram that is used to provide the color calibration system 400 that realistic colour proofreaies and correct according to the embodiment of the invention.In an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 comprise and are used to visit imaging with reference to first accessor 401 of color collection be used for second accessor 402 of access control with reference to color collection 203.Recognize, in an embodiment of the present invention, the individual access device can be used for visiting colour correction parts 204 and control with reference to color collection 203 both.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, color calibration system 400 comprises that also the function with first accessor 401 and the coupling of second accessor 402 generates parts 403, is used to generate colour correction function (for example 210).In an embodiment of the present invention, first accessor 401, second accessor 402, input 404, output 405 and function generate parts 403 can carry out above functional with reference to figure 2A, 2B and the described colour correction parts 204 of 2C.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, system 400 also comprises and is used for applying the applicator 205 of colour correction function 210 and being used to store the data storage device 208 of data to image.Note, in an embodiment of the present invention, the color-values through revising of the pixel of applicator 205 exportable images 206, rather than the image through revising recited above.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, system 400 also comprises being used to generate the color of the adjustment of at least one color control of display unit is adjusted maker 406 and adjusted the demonstration output 407 of maker 406 and display unit (for example 220 of Fig. 2 B and 2C) coupling with color.
In an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 are carried out the automatic detection of target pattern (for example imaging is with reference to color collection 202).In exemplary target detection sequence, for example use Laplace filter that monochrome (for example the having only briliancy) version of coloured image is carried out filtering.This determines the site (locus) that (for example between colour code 301-324 and the background 330 or between white border 340 and the black border 350) high-high brightness changes in the image.The site of the zero crossing position that observes in Laplce's output is connected to one group of closed contour (contour) then in possible place.Each closed contour is similar to by the sequence of linearity range then, can operate to determine described linearity range by bisection in succession based on the deviation of this contour and straight line.For its segmentation (as top) cause four main pieces (relation of these pieces is consistent with the projection of planar rectangular, promptly the relative edge meet parallel, and adjacent edge meets quadrature) those contours, accept " rectangle candidate ".In one embodiment, location contour " rectangle candidate ", outside (for example black border 350) that its contrast indication is darker and brighter inside (for example white border 340).Then, the positioned internal contour of contour " rectangle candidate " in the above, outside (for example white border 340) that its contrast indication is brighter and darker inside (for example black border 330).
In an embodiment of the present invention, determine then whether top contour (for example edge of black background 330) comprises one group of " rectangle candidate " contour (for example colour code 301-324) of the darker outside interior brighter inside that is provided with of its contrast indication.For example, each colour code 301-324 is brighter than their residing black backgrounds 330.Based on the given value of these contours of describing from reference target, determine two of outsides " rectangle candidate " contour (for example black border 350 and white border 340) is mapped to the conversion of true rectangular with correct flat shape (aspect) and relation.In the present embodiment, determine then that (for example colour code 301-324) inner contour is when whether also having correct aspect ratio when carrying out conversion with up conversion and be in consistent location by (based on the given value of the contour of colour code).Notice that some colour code may have the contrast value that suppresses their detection in given image 202.Yet, in an embodiment of the present invention,, think that so reference target is detected if detected the inside colour code (for example suitably measuring of " enough " may be 90%) of sufficient amount.In an embodiment of the present invention, detect above and the colour code that confirms in color-values be sampled and be used as the sampled value that is used to set up the realistic colour conversion of carrying out by colour correction parts 204.Because imaging may be uncertain with reference to the orientation of color collection 202 in some cases when how much rectangles of strict use are measured, so can be specified to the orientation of picture by the layout of assessment colour code 301-324 itself with reference to color collection 202.In other embodiments, distinguished mark (for example geometrical pattern of geometrical pattern or colour code 301-324) can disclose the orientation of imaging with reference to color collection 202 by their shape or relation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, colour correction parts 204 can confirm when detecting that also (validate) imaging is with reference to color collection 202, to guarantee the fidelity of imaging with reference to the colour code 301-324 in the color collection 202.For example, if colour code 301-324 fades, perhaps because dyeing (staining) and variable color (discolor), the then colour correction parts 204 target sampled result distortion (skewed) that can become of checking colors.As a result, can cause the incorrect estimation of 204 pairs of colour correction functions 210 of colour correction parts.Thus, in an embodiment of the present invention, the 204 susceptible of proof imagings of colour correction parts are with reference to the service time (age) or the version of color collection 202.In another embodiment, when unique identification 202b creates with reference to color collection 202 if can be used for being specified to picture, and determines thus whether it is still effective.Alternatively, being used to create picture can be selected in preset time with reference to one or more China inks (ink) of color collection 202 and fade after the amount.As a result, imaging can become with reference to the several portions of color collection 202 colour correction parts 204 can not be discerned, and this has further stoped according to imaging estimates the colour correction functions with reference to color collection 202.In another embodiment, fading of one or more China inks can make that message is shown, and this message is told user's imaging to expire with reference to color collection 202 and will be needed new version.
In an embodiment of the present invention, after being specified to picture and being effective copy (copy) with reference to color collection 202, colour correction parts 204 estimates then control with reference to color collection 203 and imaging with reference to color transformed (being also referred to as " transforming function transformation function ") between the color space of color collection 202 with definite colour correction function 210.In one embodiment of the invention, using least square to estimate to come the derivation form is the colour correction function F of 3 * 4 matrixes, and it is mapped to (for example from colour code 301-324 one or more) measured colour code average color M control from imaging with reference to color collection 204 and controls color-values R with reference to the correspondence the color collection 203.In other embodiments, can handle measured colour code average color value by anti-gamma (inverse-gamma) function, with the influence of removal device nonlinear contrast degree adjustment.This matrix causes transforming function transformation function F (3 * 3 color transformed matrix) to add every color component (per-color-component) skew of additivity.In an embodiment of the present invention, carrying out before least square estimates, getting rid of and have the colour code average color of at least one saturated component, and for M and R, to sRGB color component function negate (invert).In other embodiments, can handle measured colour code average color value by anti-gamma function, with the influence of removal device nonlinear contrast degree adjustment.Yet, though 3 * 4 matrixes can be used for determining the colour correction function that embodiments of the invention are not limited to linear algebra and determine this function.In other words, colour correction function 210 can be taked any functional form.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can measure, and they are used for determining colour correction function 210 from imaging all colour codes with reference to color collection 202.In another embodiment, can sample to colour code selectively.For example, in one embodiment, only the colour code (for example 301-308) of primary colors, secondary color and monochrome (for example blue, green, red, blue or green, pinkish red, Huang and GTG look (gray shade)) is used for determining colour correction function 210.Embodiments of the invention also can be to sampling from the white tone of white border 340 with from the black tone of background 330 or black border 350.In another embodiment, to all colour codes (for example colour code 309-324) and black, white and gray tone sampling, so that determine colour correction function 210.In another embodiment, only to colour code (for example colour code 309-324) sampling, to determine colour correction function 210.In an embodiment of the present invention, providing wherein, the imaging of the color and luster of the tight match objects 211 of colour code 309-324 may be favourable with reference to color collection 202.For example, if object 211 is red automobiles, selecting colour code 309-324 so mainly is that the imaging of red color tone may be favourable with reference to color collection 202.In such an embodiment, maybe advantageously only to colour code 309-324 sampling, so that determine to be suitable for most to estimate the colour correction function of the color of object 211.For example, can obtain colour correction function 210 to sampling with reference to all imaging colour codes of color collection 202 from imaging, it is suitable for proofreading and correct the color of entire image most, but not necessarily is suitable for most the imaging color of calibration object 211.Thus, when estimating to be applicable to the colour correction function of the color of estimating object 211, the wide in range sampling that may compare whole color space to the intensive sampling of the color area (for example red color tone of automobile) paid close attention to is more important.
Thus, colour correction parts 204 are determined colour correction functions 210, its eliminated basically imaging with reference to color collection 202 with control with reference to the difference between the color collection 203.If we are expressed as F with the colour correction function 210 of any functional form, this can be by following formulate so:
I_R＝F(I_C)
Wherein I_R controls with reference to the color in the color collection 203, and I_C is from the corresponding color of imaging with reference to color collection 202.When being applied to image 206, colour correction function 210 is attempted influence by compensate for ambient lighting condition and image capture apparatus 201 and is come accurate transitive graph as 206 color.Notice that colour correction 210 can only be similar to.For example, colour correction function F may not be mapped to each image color that is obtained with reference to color collection 202 from imaging control with reference to its accurate corresponding reference color the color collection 203.And, recognize that when being applied to imaging with reference to the corresponding color in the color collection 202, F may lack to make and accurately matches control with reference to the necessary accuracy of reference color in the color collection 203.For the purposes of the present invention, phrase " is eliminated basically " and is meant, be applied at F image 206 the skin pixels of being discerned color-values 412 (for example, or its color description) after, difference between the correction color of the object 211 of image 207 expressions that the color of object 211 and process are revised also is not easy to distinguish, perhaps in accepting parameter.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram that can implement the illustrative computer system 500 of the embodiment of the invention thereon.In an embodiment of the present invention, several portions of the present invention comprises computer-readable and the executable instruction of computer that for example resides in as in the computer system 500 of the part of all-purpose computer network (not shown).Recognize, the computer system 500 of Fig. 5 only is exemplary, and the present invention can be operated in many different computer systems, comprises general-purpose computing system, embedded computer system, laptop system, handheld computer system, networked computer system and computer system independently.
In the present embodiment, computer system 500 comprises the address/data bus 501, the CPU (CPU) 502 that is used to handle digital information and instruction that are used between various parts transmitting digital information, is used for the volatile main memory 503 that comprises volatile random access memory (RAM) of storing digital information and instruction and is used to store the more information of permanent nature and the non-volatile read-only memory (ROM) 504 of instruction.In addition, computer system 500 also can comprise the data storage device 505 (for example magnetic driven device, CD-ROM driver, floppy disk or tape drive or the like) that is used to store mass data.Should be noted that being used for carrying out the software program that skin color of the present invention estimates can be stored in volatile memory 503, data storage device 505 or external memory (not shown).
The device that is coupled to computer system 500 alternatively comprises the display unit 506 that is used for to computer user's display message, cursor control device 508 (for example mouse, tracking ball, light pen etc.) and the alphanumeric input device 507 (for example keyboard) that is used to import data, option, renewal etc.Computer system 500 also can comprise the mechanism's (not shown) that is used to launch earcon.
Still return Fig. 5, the optional display unit 506 of Fig. 5 can be liquid-crystal apparatus, cathode ray tube or other display unit that is suitable for creating discernible graph image of user and alphanumeric character.Optionally cursor control device 508 two dimension that allows computer users dynamically to signal the visicode (cursor) on the display screen of (signal) display unit 506 moves.Many execution modes of cursor control device 508 are known in this area, comprise that tracking ball, mouse, touch pads, joystick maybe can signal the special keys in the alphanumeric that the moves input 507 of assigned direction or mode displacement.Alternatively, recognize, can use special keys and key sequence commands to guide and activate cursor via input from alphanumeric input 507.Alternatively, can be via guiding and activate cursor from some inputs of adaptive cursor guiding device specially.
And computer system 500 can comprise and is used for I/O (I/O) signal element (for example interface) 509 of docking with peripheral unit 510 (for example computer network, modulator-demodulator, mass storage device etc.).Therefore, computer system 500 can be coupling in the network, such as being coupling in the client/server environment, use plurality of client end (for example personal computer, work station, portable computer, minicom, terminal etc.) to move the process that is used for the carry out desired task thus.Especially, computer system 500 can be coupling in and be used for estimating the system that catches the skin color of image from single.
Claims (10)
1. image capture system that is used to transmit the realistic colour of object, described system comprises:
Image capture apparatus (201);
Imaging is with reference to color collection (202), and it comprises that at least one is with reference to color (202a);
Control is with reference to color collection (203), it comprise with described at least one with reference at least one corresponding control color (203a) of color (202a); And
Colour correction parts (204), be used to visit described control with reference to color collection (203) and described imaging with reference to color collection (202), and be used for generating eliminate described at least one with reference to color (202a) with described at least one control colour correction function (210) of the difference between color (203a).
2. image capture system as claimed in claim 1 also comprises: applicator (205) is used for applying described colour correction function (210) to create the image (207) through revising to image (206).
3. image capture system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said applicator (205) constitutes the parts of described image capture apparatus (201), and described colour correction parts (204) are coupled communicatedly with described image capture apparatus (201).
4. image capture system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said applicator (205) and described colour correction parts (204) constitute the parts of described image capture apparatus (201).
5. image capture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said imaging also comprises unique identification (202b) with reference to color collection (202), and wherein said control with reference to color collection (203) with corresponding with reference to color collection (202) by the described imaging of the unique identification of described unique identification (202b).
6. image capture system as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the data storage device (208) that is used to store described colour correction function (210).
7. image capture system as claimed in claim 1 also comprises: display unit (220) is used for generating the demonstration of being selected by the group that Projection Display, printing show and the digital demonstration that generates is formed from substantially (221).
8. image capture system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said colour correction parts (204) generate the adjustment (223) at least one color control of described display unit (220).
9. image capture system as claimed in claim 8, wherein said image capture apparatus (201) is caught and is right after physics control that described demonstration (221) the arranges image (206) with reference to color collection (222), and wherein said demonstration (221) comprises that described imaging is with reference to color collection (202).
10. image capture system as claimed in claim 8, wherein said demonstration (221) transmit the image (207) through revising that it has been applied described colour correction function (210).
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| JPH05103336A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-04-23 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Color video signal processing device and color correcting method for color video signal |
| JP3912813B2 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 2007-05-09 | 株式会社東芝 | Color image processing system |
| US6038339A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2000-03-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | White point determination using correlation matrix memory |
| JP3729252B2 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2005-12-21 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Image processing system, program, and information storage medium |
| US6956966B2 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2005-10-18 | Electronics For Imaging, Inc. | Method and apparatus for automated image correction for digital image acquisition |
| US20020150290A1 (en) * | 2001-04-13 | 2002-10-17 | Robins Mark N. | Method and apparatus for color comparison in a digital camera |
| JP2003134526A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-05-09 | Univ Waseda | Apparatus and method for color reproduction |
| JP2004032399A (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-29 | Olympus Corp | Picture color reproduction system, picture color reproduction program, and method for reproducing picture color |
| JP2006019956A (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-19 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Device and method for color processing |
| JP4115987B2 (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2008-07-09 | 京セラミタ株式会社 | Image reading device |
| JP4540492B2 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2010-09-08 | Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 | Color conversion matrix calculation method and image signal processing apparatus |
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| EP2127357A1 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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