CN101440759A - 用于增压内燃机的具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管 - Google Patents

用于增压内燃机的具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管 Download PDF

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CN101440759A
CN101440759A CNA2008101738031A CN200810173803A CN101440759A CN 101440759 A CN101440759 A CN 101440759A CN A2008101738031 A CNA2008101738031 A CN A2008101738031A CN 200810173803 A CN200810173803 A CN 200810173803A CN 101440759 A CN101440759 A CN 101440759A
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intake manifold
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CN101440759B (zh
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斯蒂芬欧·弗纳拉
米歇尔·佩克拉
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Marelli Europe SpA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10222Exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]; Positive crankcase ventilation [PCV]; Additional air admission, lubricant or fuel vapour admission
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10091Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements
    • F02M35/10144Connections of intake ducts to each other or to another device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1015Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the engine type
    • F02M35/10157Supercharged engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10255Arrangements of valves; Multi-way valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10301Flexible, resilient, pivotally or movable parts; Membranes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10314Materials for intake systems
    • F02M35/10321Plastics; Composites; Rubbers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1034Manufacturing and assembling intake systems
    • F02M35/10347Moulding, casting or the like
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有一体滤清回路的用于增压内燃机的进气歧管;进气歧管设置有:管状体,其中限定有充气室;分级室,其形成在管状体的壁内;滤清螺线管阀,其设置在分级室内,并适于调整燃料箱的汽油蒸汽到分级室的导入过程;第一管,其形成在所述管状体的壁内,将分级室连通到所述充气室,并且限定回收管的第一支路;单通阀,其设置在分级室内所述第一管上;和第二管,其形成在所述管状体的壁内,将分级室连通到所述压缩机上游的进气管,并且限定所述回收管第二支路的起始部分。

Description

用于增压内燃机的具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管
技术领域
本发明总体涉及一种用于增压内燃机的具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管。
背景技术
内燃机设置有滤清回路,其具有回收在燃料箱内产生的燃料蒸汽的功能以及将这些燃料蒸汽引入到气缸中燃烧的功能;这样就避免了产生于燃料箱的燃料蒸汽从燃料箱(特别是在为注入燃料而打开燃料箱的盖时)泄露并散发到大气中。
在吸气的内燃机中(也就是无增压),滤清回路包括起始于燃料箱终止于进气歧管充气室并且通过开/关型的滤清螺线管阀调节的回收管。燃料箱内基本上是大气压,同时在进气歧管充气室中由于气缸吸气动作产生轻微的真空;结果,当滤清螺线管阀打开时,汽油蒸汽沿着回收管从燃料箱自然地吸入到进气歧管充气室内。
增压内燃机设置有涡轮增压器(通过废气致动的涡轮增压器或通过传动轴致动的容积涡轮增压器),其为提高容积效率在某些时刻压缩吸入的空气。由于增压内燃机中涡轮增压器的动作的效果,在进气歧管充气室内会由于汽缸的吸气动作产生轻微的真空(涡轮增压器不运行)或由于涡轮增压器的压缩动作产生过压(涡轮增压器运行)。因此,在增压内燃机内,滤清回路是复杂的,因为在滤清螺线管阀的下游,回收管具有通过单通膜阀门调节的分叉;回收管分叉的一个支路通到进气歧管充气室,同时回收管分叉的另一个支路通到涡轮增压器的进气歧管上游。当涡轮增压器不运行时,会由于汽缸的吸气动作在进气歧管充气室产生轻微的真空,同时压缩机上游的进气管内是大气压;在这种情形中,单通膜阀门允许汽油蒸汽直接进入进气歧管充气室。当压缩机运行时,会由于压缩机的压缩动作在进气歧管充气室产生过压,同时由于压缩机的吸气动作在压缩机上游的进气管内产生真空;在这种情形中,单通膜阀门允许汽油蒸汽进入压缩机上游的进气管。
由于回收管中的分叉以及单通膜阀门的存在,增压内燃机的滤清回路具有多种外部部件(管道和管子配件),是相对复杂的和扩展的;因而,增压内燃机的滤清回路的装配需要相对长的装配时间,并因此需要不能忽视的装配费用。
发明内容
本发明的目标在于,形成用于增压内燃机的具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管,这种具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管没有上述缺点,制造容易且经济,具有数量少的部件并易于组装。
根据本发明,形成用于增压内燃机的具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管,所述内燃机设置有适于压缩吸入的空气的压缩机;所述进气歧管包括:
管状体,其中限定有充气室,所述管状体具有入口,入口连接到沿其上设置有压缩机的进气管,以及所述管状体具有多个朝向内燃机的汽缸的出口;
分级室,其形成在管状体的壁内并具有开口的上端;
滤清螺线管阀,其设置在分级室用以关闭开口的上端,并适于调整来自燃料箱的汽油蒸汽到分级室内的导入过程;
第一管,其形成在所述管状体的壁内,将分级室与所述充气室连通,并且限定回收管的第一支路;
单通膜阀门,其设置在分级室内所述第一管处,用以仅允许通过所述第一管本身流向所述充气室的流动;和
第二管,其形成在所述管状体的壁内,将分级室与所述压缩机上游的进气管连通,并且限定所述回收管的第二支路的起始部分。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的非限定的实施例进行描述,在附图中:
图1简略地示出根据本发明制造的通过涡轮增压器增压并且设置有带一体滤清回路的进气歧管的内燃机;
图2是图1中的进气歧管的为清楚显示而去掉部件的简略透视图;
图3是图2中的进气歧管沿III-III线的截面图;
图4是图3的一部分的放大视图;和
图5是图4中单通膜阀门的放大视图。
具体实施方式
图1中,数字1标示的是通过涡轮增压器增压系统2增压的内燃机整体。
所述内燃机1包括四个汽缸3,每个汽缸通过至少一个相应的进气阀(未示出)连接到进气歧管4,并且通过至少一个相应的排气阀(未示出)连接到排气支管5。进气歧管4通过进气管6接收新鲜空气(也就是来自外部环境的空气),进气管6上设置空气过滤器7并且通过蝶阀8调节。用于冷却吸入的空气的中间冷却器9沿着进气管6设置。排气支管5连接到把燃烧产生的废气通入到排气系统的排气管10,该排气系统将燃烧产生的气体散发到大气中并且一般包括至少一种催化剂11和至少一种设置在所述催化剂11下游的消声器(未示出)。
内燃机1的增压系统2包括设置有涡轮13的涡轮增压器12,其沿着排气管10设置使得在从汽缸3排出的废气的作用下高速旋转,以及内燃机1的增压系统2包括压缩机14,其沿着进气管6设置并且机械连接到涡轮13,使得压缩机14由涡轮13旋转地拉动而提高供应到进气管6的气压。
沿着排气管10设置旁路管15,其平行地连接到涡轮13,使得其具有连接所述涡轮13上游和下游的端部;沿着旁路管15设置废气控制阀16(wastegate valve),其适于调节流过旁路管15并由驱动器17驱动的废气的流速。沿着进气管6设置旁路管18,其平行地连接到所述压缩机14,使得其具有连接到所述压缩机14上游和下游的端部;沿着旁路管18设置波夫阀(Poff valve)19,其适于调节流过旁路管18并且由驱动器20驱动的空气的流速。内燃机1通过电子控制单元21控制,所述电子控制单元21管理内燃机1的所有部件的运行。
此外,内燃机1包括滤清回路22,该滤清回路22具有回收在燃料箱23中产生的燃料蒸汽并且把这些燃料蒸汽引入到汽缸3中燃烧的功能;这避免燃料箱23中产生的燃料蒸汽从燃料箱23中泄露(特别是在为加入燃料而打开燃料箱盖的时候)并直接散发到大气中。
所述滤清回路22包括回收管24,该回收管起始于燃料箱23而终止于进气歧管4的充气室25中,并且通过开/关类型的滤清螺线管阀26控制。在滤清螺线管阀26的下游,回收管24具有通过单通膜阀门27调节的分叉;所述回收管24的一个支路28通入进气歧管4的所述充气室25,而回收管24的另一支路29通入涡轮增压器12上游的进气管6。特别地,所述单通膜阀门27连接到所述回收管24的支路28开口上,使得仅允许流向所述进气歧管4的充气室25的流动。
在进气歧管4的充气室25中会由于汽缸的吸气动作产生轻微的真空(涡轮增压器12不运行)或由于涡轮增压器12的压缩动作产生过压(涡轮增压器12运行)。当涡轮增压器12不运行,会由于汽缸的吸气动作在进气歧管4的充气室25内产生轻微的真空,同时在涡轮增压器上游的进气管6内是大气压;在这种情形中,单通膜阀门27打开回收管24的分叉的支路28而允许汽油蒸汽直接通过回收管24的支路28进入进气歧管4的充气室25。当涡轮增压器12运行,涡轮增压器12的增压动作在进气歧管4的充气室25中产生过压,同时由于涡轮增压器12的吸气动作在涡轮增压器12上游的进气管6中产生真空;在这种情形中,单通膜阀门27关闭回收管24的支路28,因而汽油蒸汽通过回收管24的支路29进入涡轮增压器12上游的进气管6。
如图2所示,进气歧管4包括一般由模制塑料材料制作的管状体30,其内限定了充气室25,管状体30具有通过蝶阀8连接到进气管6的入口31和多个朝向汽缸3的出口32(图2只显示了两个)。
在管状体30的壁33内形成分级室34,分级室34呈管状圆柱形状并且具有开口的上端35;特别地,所述分级室34具有纵向对称轴线36并通过其底端的圆形底部壁37界定以及圆柱形侧壁38在横向界定。关闭开口的上端35的所述滤清螺线管阀26设置在分级室34的上部;在这种方式中,滤清螺线管阀26调整来自燃料箱23的汽油蒸汽到分级室34本身的引入过程。
在管状体30的壁33内,形成管39,管39将分级室34与充气室25连通并且限定回收管24的支路28;特别地,所述管39轴向设置并穿通所述分级室34的底部壁37形成。单通膜阀门27设置在分级室34内且在管39处,用以仅允许通过所述管39流向充气室25的流动。
此外,在管状体30的壁33内,形成管40,管40将分级室34与压缩机14上游的进气管6连通,并且限定回收管24的支路29的起始部分;特别地,所述管40径向设置并且通过分级室34的侧壁38形成。回收管24的支路29的末端部分通过柔性管41限定,柔性管41具有终止于压缩机14上游的进气管6内的一个末端以及接合在管40中的一个相对末端;特别地,管40以圆筒管42为终端,其从管状体30的壁33上突起并适于紧固地接合到柔性管41内。
如图5所示,管39包括多个轴向通孔43,图5中只显示其中一个,通孔43穿过底部壁37形成并且围绕纵向对称轴线36分布。单通阀27包括设置在管39的轴向通孔43上的柔性环形隔膜44,和安装到分级室34并设置在柔性隔膜44上以保持该柔性隔膜44处于适当位置的保持元件45。保持元件45呈具有多个轴向通孔46的圆柱形,通孔46通到管39的轴向通孔43。另外,保持元件45具有径向孔47,径向孔47截通相应的轴向通孔46并导通到管40;在图5所示的实施例中,为了对称,保持元件45包括两个径向47(其中一个显然是无用的)。
根据图5所示的实施例,分级室34的底部壁37具有中心销48,中心销48与柔性隔膜44的中心孔49接合以保持柔性隔膜44锁定和避免柔性隔膜44径向移动;在本实施例中,所述柔性隔膜44插入到分级室34并锁定在中心销48上,然后将保持元件45安装到分级室34且在柔性隔膜44上面。根据可选择的实施例(未示出),接合柔性隔膜44的中心孔49的中心销48由保持元件45支承;在本实施例中,柔性隔膜44连接到锁定在中心销48中的保持元件45,然后保持元件45和柔性隔膜44一起安装到分级室34。
上述的带有一体滤清回路22的进气歧管4显示了许多优点,因为它简单并且经济、安装快速同时非常耐用。特别地,组装快速,因为部件的数量减少到最小,并且,最重要的是,所需的是安装一个柔性管(终止于压缩机14上游的进气管6内的柔性管41);事实上,在内燃机中安装柔性管是特别长期持续和复杂的,因为这种柔性管呈现并非微不足道的刚性(也就是说,它们具有相对小的柔性而具有较好的机械抵抗力,因而运行寿命长),因而较难进行弯曲以使其配合内燃机的不规则形状。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有一体滤清回路(22)的进气歧管(4),用于增压内燃机(1),所述增压内燃机(1)设置有适于压缩吸入的空气的压缩机(14);所述进气歧管(4)包括:
管状体(30),其中限定有充气室(25),所述管状体具有入口(31),入口(31)连接到进气管(6),压缩机(14)沿着进气管(6)设置,以及所述管状体具有多个朝向内燃机(1)的汽缸(3)的出口(32);
分级室(34),其形成在管状体(30)的壁(33)内并具有开口的上端(35);
滤清螺线管阀(26),其设置在分级室(34)中用以关闭所述开口的上端(35),并适于调整来自燃料箱(23)的汽油蒸汽到分级室(34)内的导入过程;
第一管(39),其形成在所述管状体(30)的壁(33)内,将分级室(34)与所述充气室(25)连通,并且限定回收管(24)的第一支路(28);
单通膜阀门(27),其设置在分级室(34)内且在所述第一管(39)处,用以仅允许通过所述第一管(39)本身流向所述充气室(25)的流动;和
第二管(40),其形成在所述管状体(30)的壁(33)内,将分级室(34)与所述压缩机(14)上游的进气管(6)连通,并且限定所述回收管(24)的第二支路(29)的起始部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述分级室(34)呈圆柱形管形,其具有纵向对称轴线(36)并且在其底端处由圆形底部壁(37)限定以及由圆柱侧壁(38)横向限定;所述第一管(39)沿轴向设置并且穿过底部壁(37)形成,所述第二管(40)沿径向设置并且穿过所述侧壁(38)形成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述第一管(39)包括多个轴向通孔(43),所述通孔(43)穿过底部壁(37)形成并且围绕纵向对称轴线(36)分布。
4.根据权利要求3所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述单通阀(27)包括:设置在第一管(39)的轴向通孔(43)上的柔性环形隔膜(44),和保持元件(45),所述保持元件(45)安装到分级室(34)内并且设置在柔性隔膜(44)上以保持所述柔性隔膜(44)本身在适当位置中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述保持元件(45)是圆柱形并且具有多个轴向通孔(46),所述轴向通孔(46)通至所述第一管(39)的轴向通孔(43)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述保持元件(45)具有径向孔(47),所述径向孔(47)截通相应的轴向通孔(46)并且通到所述第二管(40)。
7.根据权利要求5所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述保持元件(45)具有中心销(48),所述中心销(48)接合所述柔性隔膜(44)的中心孔(49)。
8.根据权利要求4所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述分级室(34)的所述底部壁(37)具有中心销(48),所述中心销(48)接合到所述柔性隔膜(44)的中心孔(49)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的进气歧管(4),其中所述第二管(40)以圆筒管(42)为终端,所述圆筒管(42)从管状体(30)的壁(33)上突起并适于连接到终止于所述压缩机(14)上游的进气管(6)内的柔性管(41)。
CN2008101738031A 2007-10-29 2008-10-29 用于增压内燃机的具有一体滤清回路的进气歧管 Expired - Fee Related CN101440759B (zh)

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