Turcae

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Haec pagina de gente Turcica narrat. Si urbem Italianam nomine Turci sive Tursia quaeris, vide Tursia.

Turcae (-arum)^[1] sive T(h)urci (-orum)^[2] (Turcice Türkler, Graece Τοῦρκοι) sunt gens quae imprimis Anatoliam, Cyprum, et Europam austro-orientalem incolit. Multis in terris magna diaspora est, praecipue in Germania necnon in aliis Europae civitatibus. Maxima Turcarum pars in Turcia nomen a Turcis deducens vivit, ubi circiter ab 70 ad 80 centesimas incolarum explent (ideo circiter 58 milliones hominum).

Etymologia

Nomen gentile Türk' primo chronicis Sinensibus saeculi sexti forma T'u-küe invenitur tamquam nomen familiae ad confoederationem nomadum pertinentis, cuius origo linguaque incertae sunt.^[3] Potentia confoederationis crescente appellatio "Türk" ad multos alios nomades sive gentes translata est, donec postremo omnes Turcice loquentes valebat.^[4]

Numerus sedesque

In numero^[5] Turcarum in orbe terrarum 65 milliones hominum hodie habentur. Circiter 58 milliones Turcarum in Turcia vivunt, minoritas autochthona etiam in Cypro septentrionali (265 000) et in Europa austro-orientali in Bulgaria (746 664, imprimis in provinciis Kardschali, Rasgrad, Schumen, Targowischte und Silistra), in Graecia (157 000, imprimis in praefecturis Rodopi et Xanthi), in Macedonia Septentrionalis (79 000, imprimis in Scupi et Gostivar), in Romania (44 500, imprimis in comitatu Constantia) et in Agro Merulensi (22 500, imprimis in Prizren et Mamuša) habitat. Alii Turcae in Europa et in America Septentrionali, praecipue in Germania (2 196 000), in Nederlandia (400 000), in Francia (224 000), in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae (171 818). et in Austria (150 000) habitant.

Religio

Maxima Turcarum pars qui religioni adhaerent est Mahometana Sunnitica doctrinam Abū Hanīfa (Hanafitae) sequentes. Denominatio numero secunda est grex Alevitarum. Sunt etiam minoritates Siiticae et Iudaicae in Turcia.

Notae

↑ Fons nominis: Geschichte des osmanischen Reiches, Budapestini 1835; et Vienna a Turcis obsessa a Christianis eliberata, Vindobonae 1683
↑ Pius II: Pii II orationes politicae et ecclesiasticae, ed. a Ioanni Dominico Mansi, 3 Vol., Lucae 1755-1757-1759, ibi Vol. 1, 263-285 (oratio "Constantinopolitana clades" Francoforti die 15 Oct. anno 1454 habita)
↑ Carter Vaughn Findley, "The Turks in World History" (Oxoniae: 2005), 39.
↑ Ambros/Andrews/Balim/Golden/Gökalp/Karamustafa, "Turks", in Encyclopaedia of Islam, online ed.: The name Türk spread as a political designation during the period of Göktürk imperial hegemony to their subject Turkic and non-Turkic peoples. Subsequently, it was adopted as a generic ethnonym designating most if not all of the Turkic-speaking tribes in Central Asia by the Muslim peoples with whom they came into contact.
↑ Ad numeros huius capituli vide: Türken.

Nexus interni

[1] Fons nominis: Geschichte des osmanischen Reiches, Budapestini 1835; et Vienna a Turcis obsessa a Christianis eliberata, Vindobonae 1683

[2] Pius II: Pii II orationes politicae et ecclesiasticae, ed. a Ioanni Dominico Mansi, 3 Vol., Lucae 1755-1757-1759, ibi Vol. 1, 263-285 (oratio "Constantinopolitana clades" Francoforti die 15 Oct. anno 1454 habita)

[3] Carter Vaughn Findley, "The Turks in World History" (Oxoniae: 2005), 39.

[EI-4] Ambros/Andrews/Balim/Golden/Gökalp/Karamustafa, "Turks", in Encyclopaedia of Islam, online ed.: The name Türk spread as a political designation during the period of Göktürk imperial hegemony to their subject Turkic and non-Turkic peoples. Subsequently, it was adopted as a generic ethnonym designating most if not all of the Turkic-speaking tribes in Central Asia by the Muslim peoples with whom they came into contact.

[5] Ad numeros huius capituli vide: Türken.

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