SITE SUITABILITY ANALYSIS OF TOMATO CROP IN SONBHADRA DISTRICT USING REMOTE SENSIG AND GIS TECHNOLOGY
Manish Kumar 1,Shri. Narendra Kumar 2, Dr. Sudhakar Shukla3
M.Tech Scholar, School of Geo Informatics, Remote Sensing Applications Centre, Uttar Pardesh, India
Scientist SE, Remote Sensing Applications Centre, Uttar Pardesh, India
Scientist SE and Head of School of Geo Informatics, Remote Sensing Applications Centre, Uttar Pardesh, India
Abstract Land suitability assessment of tomato crop in Sonbhadra district is the primary objective of this study. Tomato is an important crop in Uttar Pradesh and the crop is grown in around 12.10 Thousand hectares of land .In this study an attempt was made to distinguishbetweentheGISand Remote Sensing technologyto determinethelandtypesuitable for the production of tomato crop in Sonbhadra district . The characteristics are determined by various parameters to be specific land use type, slope, surface elevation above MSL, drainage pattern and so on. All these factors determine the suitability of a given area for a particular type of crop cultivation The various agricultural crop produce in this district are Paddy ,Wheat ,Gram, Lentil and vegetables like Tomato ,Brinjal ,Chilli, and broad beans., LULC, soil, slope, drainage, erosion ,texture and depth of Sonbhadra district is used to find the suitable area for the cultivation of tomato crop in the district
Key Words: LULC, Slope, Soil, Drainage Pattern, GIS, Remote Sensing
1. INTRODUCTION
Tomato comes under the family of Solanaceae and its scientificnameisSolanumlycopersium.Potato,tobacco,and peppers are some examples that comes under this family. AndhraPradeshistheleadingproduceroftomatoesinIndia. Itisestimatedthat852thousandhectaresoflandareunder tomato cultivation in India. In Uttar Pradesh total area estimated under tomato, cultivation is 12.10 thousand hectares. Tomato is a crop of warm season it requires a warmandcoolclimate.Highhumidityandwithstandfrost leadtodamageofplant.Itisgrownwell ina temperature rangeof21to24degreeCelsius.Andthistemperaturerange isbestsuitableforfruitcolourandquality.Tomatoisgood sourceofvitaminAandC.
Objective
Theprincipalobjectiveofthisstudyis Site Suitability Assessment of Tomato crop in Sonbhadra district.
2. STUDY AREA
Location and Area
Sonbhadra orSonebhadra is thesecondlargestdistrictby areaofUttarPradeshafterLakhimpurKheri.Itistheonly district in India that borders four states, namely Madhya Pradeshtothewest,Chhattisgarhtothesouth,Jharkhandin thesouth east,andBihartothenorth east.Thedistricthas anareaof6,788km.
Geography and Physical Features
Sonbhadra District lies between 24.6850 N latitude and 83.0684’Elongitude.
Figure 1: StudyareamapofSonbhadradistrict
3. MATERIAL USED
Description of data used for this study 1.DEM(DigitalElevationModel)downloadsfromBhuvan (https://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/).
1.Slope
The slope map of Sonbhadra district is created from DEM imageofSonbhadradistrict.Slopeof0 6.20degreeisofflat landandgoodforagriculturepractices.6.20 15.51degree slope has some steepness and is reasonably good for agriculturepractices.Areahavinggreaterthan15.51degree ofslopeisnotgoodforagriculturepractice.
2. Land Use/ Land Cover
Sentinelimageofresolution10*10misusedtocreateLULC mapofthedistrict.Thefiveclasspresentinthisstudyareais Agriculture land which covers 2182.51 sqkm area ,Forest which cover area of 1460.32 sqkm ,River body 440.27 sqkm,Fellowland2464.41sqkmandbuiltupareaof216.20 sqkmarea.
Figure 3: SlopemapofSonbhadradistrict
Table -1: LandUseLandCoverpatternofdistrict
LULC TYPE AREA SQKM
AGRICULTURELAND 2182.51
FOREST 1460.32
RIVER 440.27
FELLOWLAND 2464.41 BUILTUP 216.20
LULC DISTRIBUTION
4:
of
district
3. Soil Texture
Soil texture found four major texture types in the district ,theyarefine,fineloamy,loamyandloamyskeletal.Overall texturepatternofthedistrictisfine.Loamytextureisfound intheregionofMyorpurblockandfineloamytexturepattern ispresentintheblockregionofRoberstganjandGhorawal.
4. Sonbhadra Drainage
Drainagepatternofsonbhadradistrictisverywell.Ghorawal andRoberstganjhasmoderatewelldrainagepatternandfit goodforthecultivationoftomatocropinthisparticulararea..
6: BlockwiseDrainagepermeabilitymapof Sonbhadradistrict
5. Sonbhadra Depth
DepthmapclassifythedistrictintothreecategoriesDeep, ModerateShallowandShallow
Figure 7: BlockwiseDepthmapofSonbhadradistrict
6. Sonbhadra Erosion
Erosion pattern of the district is mainly divided into two categories severe erosion and moderate erosion .Only Myorpurareaiseffectedbysevereerosionasareaissituated near Rihand dam apart from this area overall erosion patternofthedistrictismoderate.
5. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
SoilsuitabilitymapofSonbhadraisdividedintothreeclass .Class S1,S2 and S3. Class S1 is highly suitable for tomato cultivation and covers mainly Ghorawal and Roberstganj block ofSonbhadra district.Total area of870.9sqkmfalls underS1category.Soildepthofthisareaisdeep,drainage
Table 2: SuitabilityofareaintabularformforSonbhadra district
Category Suitability Area SQKM
S1
S2
S3
HighlySuitable 870
Moderate Suitable 1760
NotSuitable 4158
Figure 9: Suitabilityofareaindistrict
pattern is between moderate to well ,soil texture is fine loamy ,slope is very gentle ,erosion pattern is moderate erosionwhichishighlysuitablefortomatocropcultivation .Chatra and Nagwa block of this district is moderately suitableforthecultivationoftomatocropwhileChopanand Myorpur block of this district is not suitable for the cultivationoftomatocrop.
Figure 10: SoilSuitabilitymapofTomatocropfor Sonbhadradistrict
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