Papers by sandra cointreau
The report is in two parts: a concise state-of-the-art overview of recycling from municipal refus... more The report is in two parts: a concise state-of-the-art overview of recycling from municipal refuse, focusing on techniques and conditions germane to developing countries; and an annotated bibliography with abstracts of more than 200 published references on recycling. It was prepared as part of a global research, development and demonstration effort of the United Nations Development Programme and the World
Waste Management & Research, 1991
Preliminary case studies have been carried out on private sector provision of municipal solid was... more Preliminary case studies have been carried out on private sector provision of municipal solid waste services in four large Latin American cities (Buenos Aires, Caracas, Santiago, and São Paulo). A parallel study of a metropolitan solid waste company in Rio de Janeiro provided a comparison. These experiences substantiate that private service provision can be successful in terms of cost containment and quality of service as long as the conditions for contestable markets are met. In the four cases studied, private collection firms have exclusive right to service specific areas of the city and contracts are awarded by competitive bidding. These and other studies in the region suggest that local authorities should establish operational and environmental regulations and standards to guide private contractors, and have the capacity to oversee these activities. Supervision and payment should be based on specific performance measures. More attention needs to be given to cost recovery, financ...
… , DC; World Bank, …, 1984
Pets, Energy Healing for Animals and Their Owners, Jun 5, 2011
The project guide provides information and procedures for planning and implementation of solid wa... more The project guide provides information and procedures for planning and implementation of solid waste management improvements. It is designed to facilitate project preparation, appraisal and implementation of Bank financed solid waste projects in urban areas. Current Bank objectives, policies, and project requirements are summarized. It should also be of use to a wide audience involved in solid waste collection and disposal in developing countries. The project guide reflects the lessons and experience gained from the World Bank solid waste projects. The report discusses establishment of an acceptable standard of collection and disposal service delivery, selection of appropriate technology, development of suitably phased action plans, arrangement of institutions for planning and management, arrangement of financial resources, development of regulatory and enforcement support services, provision of public education and participation programs, and incorporation of incentives and disince...
This study has shown that significant quantities of protein for either human consumption or lives... more This study has shown that significant quantities of protein for either human consumption or livestock feed could be produced from wastewater-based aquaculture, which could be integrated with sewage stabilization lagoon systems. Reuse of treated sewage to fertilize the microbial food chain for aquaculture presents one of the most economic resource recovery options for cities in developing countries. With that in mind, this study examines wastewater-based fish and prawn culture research development and demonstration efforts conducted in Lima, Peru. In this study, fish and prawns were cultured in wastewater stabilization lagoons operating as polishing lagoons in series with primary and secondary ponds. It was found that the environmental conditions in the ponds were satisfactory for the survival and growth of tilapia and carps, particularly in the cycle-end polishing ponds. However, more research regarding this topic (i.e. a demonstration project) will follow to clarify missing paramet...
This paper discusses both occupational health risks to workers and environmental health risks to ... more This paper discusses both occupational health risks to workers and environmental health risks to residents and workers. The report presents an overview of the available health literature for causes of diseases, injuries, and accidents from solid waste management collection, treatment, and disposal technologies. Illnesses discussed include infectious diseases, allergies, respiratory damage, and cancers. Some diseases are derived from direct ingestion of infectious micro-organisms, others involve infection through contamination of the food chain, whereby animals or other vectors have ingested infectious micro-organisms. Injuries include joint and spinal damage, fractures, puncture wounds, damage to eyes and ears. Accidents include slides from unstable disposal piles, cave-ins of disposal site surfaces, fires, explosions, being caught in processing equipment, and being run over by mobile equipment. As the next steps toward improving occupational and environmental health and safety in s...
This is a summary of a report prepared for the II Meeting of the Regional Policy Dialogue on Envi... more This is a summary of a report prepared for the II Meeting of the Regional Policy Dialogue on Environmental Management, to be held the 25th and 26th February 2003 in Washington D.C. The report contains an overview of the available international literature and information on the application of economic instruments in solid waste management. Examples from a wide range of high-income and developing countries are included in the report with numerous references, most of which are accessible through the internet citation provided.
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... Identificador: 127229 - 6800/C69/ 016627. Au.Personal: Cointreau, Sandra Johnson; Gunnerson, ... more ... Identificador: 127229 - 6800/C69/ 016627. Au.Personal: Cointreau, Sandra Johnson; Gunnerson, Charles G.; Huls, John M.; Seldman, Neil; Mitchell, P.; Long, LJ; Bellassai, EC. Au.Institucional: Banco Mundial. Título: Recycling ...
For two decades, solid waste components in World Bank projects have focused on collection of soli... more For two decades, solid waste components in World Bank projects have focused on collection of solid wastes, with equipment provided to upgrade operations at existing open dumps. Since early 1990, the private sector has become increasingly being involved in the collection, disposal, and treatment of solid waste and World Bank projects have placed greater priority on implementation of new sanitary landfills. The following guidance provides an examination of some of the issues which need to be addressed in landfill siting and design.
For two decades, solid waste components in World Bank projects have focused on collection of soli... more For two decades, solid waste components in World Bank projects have focused on collection of solid wastes, with equipment provided to upgrade operations at existing open dumps. Since early 1990, the private sector has become increasingly being involved in the collection, disposal, and treatment of solid waste and World Bank projects have placed greater priority on implementation of new sanitary landfills. The following guidance provides an examination of some of the issues which need to be addressed in landfill siting and design.
Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www/worldbank.org The findings, interpretations, and conclusions ... more Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www/worldbank.org The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.
Birf Technical Paper, 1982
... 1 / 1, REPIDISCA, seleciona. para imprimir. Id: 139145. Autor: Cointreau, Sandra Johnson. Tít... more ... 1 / 1, REPIDISCA, seleciona. para imprimir. Id: 139145. Autor: Cointreau, Sandra Johnson. Título: Environmental management of urban solid wastes in developing countries: a project guide. Fonte: Washington, DC; The World Bank; 1982. 228 p. Ilus, tab. (BIRF Technical Paper, 5 ...
A series of reports are being prepared by the Resource Recovery Project as part of a global effor... more A series of reports are being prepared by the Resource Recovery Project as part of a global effort to realize the goal of the United Nations International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade, which is to extend domestic and community water supply and sanitation services throughout the developing world during 1981 to 1990. The project objective is to improve urban waste management and encourage resource recovery as a means of offsetting some of the costs of community sanitation.
A series of reports are being prepared by the Resource Recovery Project as part of a global effor... more A series of reports are being prepared by the Resource Recovery Project as part of a global effort to realize the goal of the United Nations International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade, which is to extend domestic and community water supply and sanitation services throughout the developing world during 1981 to 1990. The project objective is to improve urban waste management and encourage resource recovery as a means of offsetting some of the costs of community sanitation.
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Papers by sandra cointreau