Papers by maurizio pettine
Applications of Zeeman Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in the Chemical Laboratory and in Toxicology, 1992
Potential applications of GFAAS using a Zeeman correction in the direct analysis of metals in nat... more Potential applications of GFAAS using a Zeeman correction in the direct analysis of metals in natural waters were examined. Samples of filtered river water were examined. Results achieved with direct analysis were compared with those obtained on samples concentrated with a standardized double extraction procedure. Metals selected (Cd, Cr, and Cu) are among those with the greatest toxicity frequently investigated during water analysis.
Water Science and Technology
Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 1998
Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2015
ABSTRACT This paper critically reviews the current understanding of the analysis of selenium in t... more ABSTRACT This paper critically reviews the current understanding of the analysis of selenium in the natural environment. Several inorganic species of Se (−2, 0, +4, and +6) and organic species (monomethylated and dimethylated) have been reported in aquatic systems. Inorganic speciation of Se varies with pH and Eh. Many different analytical methods including UV-visible spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS), chromatography, flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), electrochemistry, and inductively coupled plasma with atomic emission (ICP-AES) or mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are available for quantification of selenium levels in different matrices. In recent years, analytical speciation techniques made a great leap in separating and detecting low levels of Se, but analyzing reduced species such as Se(0), polyselenides, and sulfur-selenium mixed species in the environment need further development. A number of selenium compounds has been identified in biota, but positive identification of such compounds in environmental samples is needed to understand the speciation of selenium in natural waters, sediments, and soils.
Science of The Total Environment, 1996
Major ionic components and pollutants including the elements As, Cd, Co, Cr. Cu. Ni, Pb. Zn, Fe a... more Major ionic components and pollutants including the elements As, Cd, Co, Cr. Cu. Ni, Pb. Zn, Fe and Mn and some organic compounds (anionic surfactants and organohalogenated compounds) were monitored in the middle and lower stretches of the PO River and in its most polluted tributary. the Lambro River. Variations in major ions and pollutant levels between the main river system and its tributary clearly indicate that anthropogenic activities in the watershed have markedly influenced the environmental quality in the Lambro, heavily affecting concentrations of potentially toxic metals and organics as well as those of major ions (mainly Na + and Cl-). Metal concentrations were measured in both the dissolved and particulate phases of the Lambro and PO. Metals in the Lambro compared to the corresponding levels in the PO showed either a preferential enrichment in one of the two phases or comparable increasing factors (ICF) in both phases. With reference to more toxic elements, ICF were found to be higher in the particulate phase for Cd, Cu and Cr while they appeared comparable for Pb and Zn. Differences in the modes of metal transport between the main river system and its tributary were significant for Cu and Cd, in particular. and were interpreted on the basis of differences in water redox conditions and solid composition. Data collected allowed the polluting contribution of the Lambro discharge to the overall PO watershed to be evaluated.
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 1999
Major inputs into the northern Adriatic Sea and critical problems affecting this basin are revise... more Major inputs into the northern Adriatic Sea and critical problems affecting this basin are revised strengthening the need for a thorough knowledge of organic carbon cycling. Results gathered in the context of the PRISMA 2 project by our research group give information on the distribution and composition of organic matter in terms of major biochemical components, molecular weight sizes and biodegradability characteristics. Seasonal accumulation of dissolved organic matter in summer along with an increased role of carbohydrate and colloidal matter (being on average 15-20 and 60-65% of DOC, respectively) and restricted bacterial activity due to P deficiency are all priority subjects to be further investigated.
Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2014
ABSTRACT Selenium levels and speciation in environmental compartments and the dynamics of global ... more ABSTRACT Selenium levels and speciation in environmental compartments and the dynamics of global Se cycling continue to be a subject of intense interest largely because Se is both an essential element and a toxicant at elevated levels. While Se containing amino acids and proteins are known to be critical for normal metabolic functions in many life forms, selenosis, poisoning due to chronic excessive Se intake, has been associated with neurological impairment. This paper reviews the current understanding of the biogeochemistry of selenium in the natural environment. The factors that affect Se speciation in natural environments are chemical, physical, and biological processes. Several inorganic species of Se (−2, 0, +4, and +6) and organic species (monomethylated and dimethylated) have been reported in aquatic systems. Both HSeO3 − and SeO3 2− would be present in natural waters. Under mild oxidizing conditions, HSeO3 − and SeO3 2− are the major species, while HSe− would be the dominant species at pH greater than 4 and strong reducing conditions. The biogeochemistry of selenium is discussed in terms of variation of speciation with pH and redox conditions, sorption on solid surfaces, role of reducing species under oxic/anoxic conditions, and interaction with natural organic matter.
Mediterranean Ecosystems, 2001
... 1995). Our surface DOC values in winter (92±5 uM) correspond to maxima values measured over a... more ... 1995). Our surface DOC values in winter (92±5 uM) correspond to maxima values measured over a 12 month period by Copin-Montegut and Avril (1993) in the north ... 1995) and with a general microbial P limitation in the Mediterranean (Zohary and Robarts 1998; Thingstadt et al ...
Chemistry of Marine Water and Sediments, 2002
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 1997
C and N content, C/N (atomic) ratio, and C and N isotopic composition (fil3C and 513N) were deter... more C and N content, C/N (atomic) ratio, and C and N isotopic composition (fil3C and 513N) were determined on suspended particulate matter and sediment samples obtained from riverine, estuarine and marine environments in two cruises (September 1995 and March 1996) in the Po estuary (Italy). Isotopic tracers of C and N, reported for the fn'st time for this environment, gave information on sources of organic matter and their distributions. An end-member mixing model based on 513C values was applied to estimate the relative importance of riverine and marine sources of organic matter in suspended particulate matter and sediments.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 1997
The bcha~aour of C< I.e, Mn. and Ni was lnvestlgated in tile mixing area of the Po nwn-in six sur... more The bcha~aour of C< I.e, Mn. and Ni was lnvestlgated in tile mixing area of the Po nwn-in six surveys over the period March 1992 to Jtme 1995 during lo'a-to-meditm~ solid load and llo,a conditions. The concenuatums (IIM) of dissolved elements for the riverme and marine end-members respectivel.~ t~ere in the ranges O (19 to (I 93 and 0 24 t. tl 9g Ibr Co. 10 to 53 and 5 to 2(I for Ni. 12 to 87 and 5 to 33 lbr I:e. and 1(1 to 155 and 26 to 1()5 fur Mn. Co and MrJ ~,have non-cor.servativel*, in the f)o estuan': an addition to the dissolved phase (uccurred (or these elements that v, as more marked in the summer period-[lae concentrations of dissolved and particulate Ni decreased almost hnearlv ~ith increase in salinitx, v, ith more marked varmtions m dissolved Ni concentration in ~mter thai1 summer The concentrations of dissolved and particulate Fe also varied conscrxativel~ ~ith salinity lhis unusua[ behaviour Ibr dissolved Fe is attributed to the analytical procedure v, hich excluded kmeticallv inert colloidal species
Water Research, 1991
A process study on separation and recovery of Cr(IIl) from tannery sludge is presented. The main ... more A process study on separation and recovery of Cr(IIl) from tannery sludge is presented. The main steps of the process include Cr(III) extraction with sulphufic acid solution at pH 1, Cr(III) oxidation to Cr(VI) with H202, Cr(VI) separation from other cations and its subsequent reduction to Cr(III). The experimental conditions for each of the above steps are optimized on a bench scale. The overall Cr(III) recovery yield from sludges, controlled by the extraction and oxidative phases, amounts to 80%. Cr(III) recovery from segregated exhausted tannery baths, characterized by a low concentration of major cations, is quantitative. The (Fe + Mg)/Cr molar ratio strongly influences the H:O2/Cr ratio required to obtain near quantitative Cr(III) oxidation. At present, the running costs may be estimated to be about double that of disposing of sludges in controlled landfills. The tendency to eliminate Fe(II) in tannery wastewaters treatment would significantly reduce the process cost and make it competitive.
Water Research, 1998
on the reduction rates of chromium (VI) with H 2 S have been measured in NaCl solutions. Ca 2+ an... more on the reduction rates of chromium (VI) with H 2 S have been measured in NaCl solutions. Ca 2+ and Zn 2+ (0.01 to 0.02 M and 0.5 to 3.0 mM) did not show any signi®cant eect. Mg 2+ and Mn 2+ (0.05 to 0.2 M and 1.8 to 14.2 mM) produced only moderate increases in the rates in 0.5 M NaCl that were not proportional to the metal concentrations. The metals studied (Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Ni 2+) caused large increases in the reduction rates at micromolar concentrations. The eect was attributed to the formation of MeCrO 4 complexes which react faster with sul®de than free chromate. From measurements of the rates as a function of the added metal the rate constants for the metal chromate complexes were determined. The rates increased in the order k(NiCrO 4)>k(PbCrO 4)> k(CuCrO 4)>k(CdCrO 4). The addition of Fe(III) (0.2 to 1.8 mM) increased the rates considerably due to the catalytic cycling of the redox reactions of iron.
Science of The Total Environment, 1988
The acute toxicity of thallium and chromium to marine phytoplankton was determined in enrichment ... more The acute toxicity of thallium and chromium to marine phytoplankton was determined in enrichment culture bioassays (i).-6 The results indicated minimal effective concentrations of 0.7 i0 M and
Science of The Total Environment, 1992
... 512-515. Belzile, N. and A. Tessier, 1990. Interaction between arsenic and iron oxyhydroxides... more ... 512-515. Belzile, N. and A. Tessier, 1990. Interaction between arsenic and iron oxyhydroxides in lacustrine sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 54: 103-109. ... Acta, 105: 233-245. Campbell, JA and P. Yeats, 1984. Dissolved chromium in the St. Lawrence Estuary. Estuar. ...
Science of The Total Environment, 1994
Fourteen metals (Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Ba, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were monitored over a... more Fourteen metals (Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Ba, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were monitored over a 2-year period in the waters of the lower Po River. Concentrations in the dissolved and particulate phases were measured, thus constructing a large database on metal variability. The influence of flow and solid transport on dissolved, particulate and total metal concentrations is discussed. In addition to flow rate and solid content, biological processes seem to be one of the main factors affecting concentrations in the dissolved phase, while the inorganic components of solids seem to control metal concentration in suspended matter. Data on partitioning of metals between the dissolved and particulate phases are presented, together with related information on the affinity sequence of metals for the particulate phase, and the influence of solid load on the modes of metal transport.
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 1982
Anger, K. (1975). On the influence of sewage pollution on inshore benthic communities in the sout... more Anger, K. (1975). On the influence of sewage pollution on inshore benthic communities in the south of Kiel Bay. Part 2. Quantitative studies on community structure. Helgolt~nder wiss Meeresunters., 27, 408-438. Bagge, P. (1969). Effects of pollution on estuarine ecosystems. II. The succession of the bottom fauna communities in polluted estuarine areas in the Baltic-Skagerak region.
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Papers by maurizio pettine