Introduction Violence against women is a significant health and legal problem and has been declar... more Introduction Violence against women is a significant health and legal problem and has been declared as a health priority by the World Health Organization. The most common type of violence against women is domestic violence, more prevalent against women with disabilities than other women. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disease and has experienced sudden growth in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence and its various types (psychological, economic, physical, and sexual) experienced by women with MS. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 275 married women with MS were selected using convenience sampling. After obtaining informed consent and reviewing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the Domestic Violence against Women Questionnaire developed by Mohseni Tabrizi et al. was completed by the participants on a self-report basis. The results were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. To analyze data, statistical tests inclu...
Background and Aim: Cigarette smoking is a complex learning process and educational programs play... more Background and Aim: Cigarette smoking is a complex learning process and educational programs play an important role in empowering people by providing the necessary knowledge and knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior on cigarette smoking in smoker men in the city of Zirkoh. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, sampling was performed in cluster fashion in 1395 among smokers who were covered by all health houses in Zirkouh with a sample size of 94 (n=47).The sample size was 94 people (intervention and control group, each of 47). Data collection tools included a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior structures, that its validity and reliability has been approved. The educational intervention was performed in 6 sessions of 90 minutes for the intervention group and the questionnaire was completed for both groups before, immediately and three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19) using an independent t-test, Chi-Square and repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significant level of 0.05. Results: The results showed significant differences in mean of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention and behavior in smoking in the experimental group after the intervention had occurred (P<0.001), but no significant change was observed in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, Education based on the theory of planned behavior has a positive impact on smoking behavior, Therefore, it is recommended that the above educational model is used to modify the behavior of smokers.
Background Celiac disease (1) mostly diagnosed base on positive serology and duodenal mucosal atr... more Background Celiac disease (1) mostly diagnosed base on positive serology and duodenal mucosal atrophy, but some patients have negative serology and their diagnosis have some limitation, it delay in diagnosis likely accompanied a poor prognosis and high risk of developing complications of CD. The aim of this study was determent clinical profile of patients with Seronegative CD (SNCD). Methods in this retrospective study, 1115+8 patients, that evaluated for CD with mucosal atrophy included between 2010 to2020. All patients with IgA deficiency other IgG based serology for diagnosis of celiac was done and if these antibodies were negative consider as possible SNCD. If they had positive DQ2-DQ8, and clinical symptoms or had positive challenge test after12 months of GFD were considered as SNCD. Results of total 1115 patients 27 (2.4%) had seronegative mucosal atrophy of duodenum and diagnosed as a SNCD (96.2% marsh3), the mean age and BMI in SNCD patients were significantly higher than ot...
Background: Nurses play an essential role in the hospital’s response to accidents and disasters. ... more Background: Nurses play an essential role in the hospital’s response to accidents and disasters. Assessing nurses’ preparedness is the starting point to improve and increase their preparedness for disasters. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the preparedness of nurses of a 650-bed district hospital in Herat, Afghanistan in the face of disasters in 2020. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and the study subjects included all nurses working in a 650-bed district hospital in Herat Province. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire to determine the level of preparedness of nurses against accidents and disasters, which was localized. This questionnaire included three areas of knowledge, attitude, and performance. The maximum score in each of the domains was 100. To analyze the data, descriptive indicators, such as mean, median, standard deviation, and quartiles, and analytical methods such as independent t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, the M...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only has put populations at risk for mental and sexual he... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only has put populations at risk for mental and sexual health risks. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on published articles reporting female sexual function before and during COVID-19 pandemic in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran and SID databases till August 2021. From the initial 3198 articles, 8 articles were included in the review. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in total FSFI score and its domains during the COVID-19 pandemic and the pre-pandemic period. Further studies should separately evaluate the effect of lockdown on female sexual function.
The effect of education on promoting self-efficacy ... [21] Association of life style and self-es... more The effect of education on promoting self-efficacy ... [21] Association of life style and self-esteem among ... [22] Effect of educational intervention based ... [23] Validity and reliability of Rosenberg self-esteem scale ... [24] Epidemiological of brucellosis in Shahrekord city ... [25] Brucellosis knowledge and preventive practices among ... [26] Factors influencing preventive behavior ... [27] Risk, knowledge and preventive measures of smallholder ... [28] Understanding the role of disease knowledge and risk ... [29] The effectiveness of educational intervention based ... [30] A multifaceted risk model of brucellosis at the ... [31] Assessment of preventive behavior for cervical ... [32] Health behavior and health education: Theory ... Aims Brucellosis (Malta fever) is one of the most common zoonosis diseases. The role of the family in preventive behaviors against brucellosis is important, so this study was conducted to determine the relationship between preventative behaviors of brucellosis and family-based empowerment models in women in families with brucellosis patients in Iran. Instrument & Methods 200 people participated in this descriptive study through the multistage cluster method. Data were collected through demographic questionnaires, awareness, attitude, self-efficacy, and self-esteem and behavior. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and independent T-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson and Spearman correlation and regression. Findings 96 (48%) participants had a history of brucellosis, 174 (87%) had a history of contact with livestock, 131 (65.5%) had a history of consumption of unpasteurized dairy products (r=-0.218, p=0.003). Based on the independent t-test, a significant relationship was observed between pasteurized dairy consumption and housekeeping with preventive behavior (p=0.039) (p=0.455). Variance analysis test showed a significant relationship between the level of education and preventive behavior (p=0.002). According to the linear regression model, the relationship between self-efficacy and behavior was significant (p0.001), and self-efficacy had more predictive power than other constructs. Conclusions In countrywomen, self-efficacy plays an important role in predicting behavior. In order to promote preventive behaviors against brucellosis, people's self-efficacy should be improved.
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the density and type of bacterial and fungal ... more Background The aim of this study was to investigate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in the air of the pediatric burn ward. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, two active and passive sampling methods were used simultaneously to evaluate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols. In 2019, sampling was performed once every six days, according to the sampling guideline developed by the 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Results According to the EU GMP standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the burn ward were in grades C and D, respectively. According to this standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the outdoor air of the burn ward were in grade C. According to the EU GMP standard, in the passive method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the pediatric bu...
Background and Objective: Health literacy has been implicated as one of the main factors in impro... more Background and Objective: Health literacy has been implicated as one of the main factors in improving public health maintenance, the present study examined the relationship between health literacy toward body image concern and respondents� demographic factors in healthcare employees in Binaloud, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 170 healthcare employees in Binaloud, Iran. The full version of the self-administered Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) questionnaires were used as validated self-report measures to examine body image concerns and health literacy of participants. We used SPSS Statistics 16 (Chicago, Illinois) to conduct the descriptive statistics and preliminary analyses such as I�2, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. Results: Results showed that 56.6 of participants had adequate health literacy, 24.4 had marginal, and 19 had inadequate health literacy. The mean sco...
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP, 2016
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is a major healthcare problem in women. There are many reports ... more Background and Aim: Breast cancer is a major healthcare problem in women. There are many reports about up-regulation of Hsp27 in cancer tissues but less is known about the potential relationship between Hsp27 antibody levels and breast cancer complications. We here investigated concentrations of serum Hsp27 antigen and antibodies in subjects with and without breast cancer and assessed potential associations with two-year disease-free survival, histological grade and number of lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: Specifically, serum Hsp27 antigen and antibody levels from 97 patients with breast cancer, and 65 healthy controls were determined by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Results: Serum Hsp27 and antibody levels were significantly (p<0.001) higher in patients with breast cancer compared to the control group, but no relationship were found with two-year disease free survival, histological grade or number of lymph nodes (p> 0.6, 0.2 and 0.9 respectively). Conclusio...
Background: From the students’ viewpoint the evaluation of teachers is one of the most important ... more Background: From the students’ viewpoint the evaluation of teachers is one of the most important tasks of faculty evaluation aiming to strengthen the abilities, modify teachers’ weaknesses, and improve the quality of teaching system. The present study aimed to determine the suitable structure to evaluate faculty members by the students’ questionnaire, at the Health School of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), in the first semester of 2018-2019. Methods: The present research is a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. The statistical population consisted of students from the School of Health of MUMS, in the first semester of 2018-2019. The Evaluation of Faculty Members by the Students Questionnaire (EFSQ) used at the School of Health of MUMS consisted of 12 questions with a 10-point Likert scale and 4 dimensions. This study used the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to assess the suitable structure of the EFSQ. Results: The mean of the total score of the E...
B ackground : Malnutrition is a considerable problem after major surgeries in hospitalized patien... more B ackground : Malnutrition is a considerable problem after major surgeries in hospitalized patients. Moreover, increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases leads to an augmentation in number of cardiovascular surgeries. Ghrelin is an appetite - stimulating hormone that can prevent malnutrition. This study aimed to evaluate ghrelin levels in coronary artery bypass graft patients in two methods , on - and off - pump . Method : In this prospective cohort study, 40 patients who underwent off - and on - pump operation wer e designated during September 2011 through March 2012 at Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad , Iran . Written informed consents were obtained from patients before entering the study. Patients with HIV, HCV, HBS, malignancy, and weight loss of >50% in last three mont h were excluded. Nutritional status and ghrelin level were evaluated for three times: (0, 5th and 40th day after surgery). SPSS 11.5 software was used for data analysis by t - test and Mann - Whitney test. Re...
Introduction: Rapid decline of the total fertility rate in Iran in recent decades has caused seri... more Introduction: Rapid decline of the total fertility rate in Iran in recent decades has caused serious demographic challenges to the country. One important reason for this decrease is single-child behavior adopted by Iranian families. Objective: The present study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of education based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on childbearing intention in single-child women. Materials and Methods: This randomized field trial with the pretest-posttest design was done on 72 single-child women presenting to health centers in Mashhad City, Iran, in the intervention (37 persons) and control (35 persons) groups from August 2019 to February 2020. Research tools included a demographic and obstetric questionnaire and a researcher-made childbearing intention questionnaire based on TPB. The intervention group received three 110-min sessions of education, which was based on TPB. The control group received routine health center care. The study data were analyzed...
M.Sc. student, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant... more M.Sc. student, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Background and Objective: Minor Psychiatric Disorders (MPDs) are the most common mental disorders... more Background and Objective: Minor Psychiatric Disorders (MPDs) are the most common mental disorders including depression, stress, and anxiety. In this study, we aimed to investigate association between health literacy status and MPDs.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 students who were studying at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2018. The Probability Proportional to Size sampling were used to selected eligible students. Data were collected using a demographic checklist, 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) Questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using latent class regression in Latent Gold, version 4.5.Results: Most of the students (51.6%) were male and 16.8% were married; the dominant education level (43.2%) was PhD. The mean scores of GHQ-12 and HELIA were 13.38±6.13 (out of 36) and 59.84 ±12.87 (out of 100), respectively. The result showed that...
To identify the predictors of nurses' presence at hospitals at the time of three types of dis... more To identify the predictors of nurses' presence at hospitals at the time of three types of disasters. This cross-sectional study was performed using a researcher-generated questionnaire. This study was performed on 350 nurses of five public hospitals. Data was collected using a questionnaire in which the respondents were asked about their decisions on reporting for work in the event of three scenarios: epidemic of an unknown contagious respiratory disease, earthquake, and flood. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the data. The four predictors of nurses reporting for work include receiving trainings on disasters, and concerns on the non-compensation for providing services following the disaster, concerns about family safety and workplace safety. Although slightly different factors affect the willingness of participants to report for work in each scenario, they can be put in two main categories; namely as personal and impersonal. Devising a family disaster plan and providing educational programs on self-care are two main strategies to increase the chances of presence at work following disasters. The presence of more nurses in the hospital at the time of disasters can significantly improve the quality of care, and clinical outcomes of patients and disaster victims.
Background The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified shift work as a ... more Background The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified shift work as a possible human carcinogen. The results of systematic on this topic is contradictory. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, aimed to update the current evidence regarding the relationship between night-shift work duration and breast cancer risk. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus as well as reference list of included studies were searched until December 19, 2020. Observational case–control or cohort studies investigating the relationship between the duration of night-shift work and breast cancer in women were included, which all quantified night-shift work exposure. All statistical analyses were done by Stata version 11.2. Results Our literature search was resulted in retrieval of 4854 publications from which 26 eligible studies with 1,313,348 participants were included in the meta-analyses. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast ...
Elderly patients undergoing surgery often suffer from sleep disorder. Holistic therapies might he... more Elderly patients undergoing surgery often suffer from sleep disorder. Holistic therapies might help them sleep better. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of guided imagery along with breathing relaxation on sleep quality in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery. A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 90 elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery in 2 educational hospitals in 2018, Mashhad, Iran. The elderly patients with different abdominal surgical procedures were distributed to the wardrooms and then the rooms were randomly assigned into 2 groups. In the intervention group, the patients learned breathing relaxation the day before surgery and then an audiotape was provided to perform the guided imagery from the day before surgery for 5 days (twice) along with breathing relaxation. St Mary's Hospital Sleep Inventory was completed the night before, 48 hours and 96 hours after the surgery. Data analysis was done using SPSS 21 through analytical tests. Results of the test indicated that the score of sleep quality was significantly higher in the intervention group the night before surgery (P = .001). The total scores of sleep quality in the intervention group 48 and 96 hours after the surgery were significantly higher (P < .001). Based on results of generalized estimating equation model, the score of sleep quality for patients was 8.76 units higher in the intervention group than in the control group by controlling for the effects of time. Guided imagery along with breathing relaxation improved the sleep quality of the elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Trial registration: IRCT20180731040652N1.
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2021
Spirulina platensis is abundant biomass of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) which is applied in t... more Spirulina platensis is abundant biomass of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) which is applied in the current study as a biosorbent. A statistical Box–Behnken approach was adopted to remove the toxic...
Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research, 2021
In competing risks cure models, if there is unobserved heterogeneity among susceptible patients, ... more In competing risks cure models, if there is unobserved heterogeneity among susceptible patients, application of the methods that do not consider this heterogeneity, may lead to invalid results. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce a model to cover the above properties of survival studies. We introduced a unified model by combining a parametric mixture cure gamma frailty model and vertical modeling of competing risks. We obtained estimates of parameters by an iterative method and Laplace transform technique. Then, we calculated the cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) and related confidence bounds by using a bootstrap approach. We conducted an extensive simulation study to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The results of the simulation study showed the superior performance of our proposed competing risks cure frailty model. Finally, we applied the proposed method to analyze a real dataset of breast cancer patients.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and pulmonary TB is the m... more Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and pulmonary TB is the most prevalent form of the disease worldwide. One of the most concrete actions to ensure an effective TB control program is monitoring TB treatment outcomes, particularly duration to cure; but, there is no strong evidence in this respect. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to examine the possible spatial variations of duration to cure and its associated factors in Iran using the Bayesian spatial survival model. All new smear-positive PTB patients have diagnosed from March 2011 to March 2018 were included in the study. Out of 34,744 patients, 27,752 (79.90%) patients cured and 6992 (20.10%) cases were censored. For inferential purposes, the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms are applied in a Bayesian framework. According to the Bayesian estimates of the regression parameters in the proposed model, a Bayesian spatial log-logistic model, the variables gender (male vs. female, TR = 1.09...
Introduction Violence against women is a significant health and legal problem and has been declar... more Introduction Violence against women is a significant health and legal problem and has been declared as a health priority by the World Health Organization. The most common type of violence against women is domestic violence, more prevalent against women with disabilities than other women. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disease and has experienced sudden growth in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence and its various types (psychological, economic, physical, and sexual) experienced by women with MS. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 275 married women with MS were selected using convenience sampling. After obtaining informed consent and reviewing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the Domestic Violence against Women Questionnaire developed by Mohseni Tabrizi et al. was completed by the participants on a self-report basis. The results were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. To analyze data, statistical tests inclu...
Background and Aim: Cigarette smoking is a complex learning process and educational programs play... more Background and Aim: Cigarette smoking is a complex learning process and educational programs play an important role in empowering people by providing the necessary knowledge and knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior on cigarette smoking in smoker men in the city of Zirkoh. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, sampling was performed in cluster fashion in 1395 among smokers who were covered by all health houses in Zirkouh with a sample size of 94 (n=47).The sample size was 94 people (intervention and control group, each of 47). Data collection tools included a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior structures, that its validity and reliability has been approved. The educational intervention was performed in 6 sessions of 90 minutes for the intervention group and the questionnaire was completed for both groups before, immediately and three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19) using an independent t-test, Chi-Square and repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significant level of 0.05. Results: The results showed significant differences in mean of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention and behavior in smoking in the experimental group after the intervention had occurred (P<0.001), but no significant change was observed in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, Education based on the theory of planned behavior has a positive impact on smoking behavior, Therefore, it is recommended that the above educational model is used to modify the behavior of smokers.
Background Celiac disease (1) mostly diagnosed base on positive serology and duodenal mucosal atr... more Background Celiac disease (1) mostly diagnosed base on positive serology and duodenal mucosal atrophy, but some patients have negative serology and their diagnosis have some limitation, it delay in diagnosis likely accompanied a poor prognosis and high risk of developing complications of CD. The aim of this study was determent clinical profile of patients with Seronegative CD (SNCD). Methods in this retrospective study, 1115+8 patients, that evaluated for CD with mucosal atrophy included between 2010 to2020. All patients with IgA deficiency other IgG based serology for diagnosis of celiac was done and if these antibodies were negative consider as possible SNCD. If they had positive DQ2-DQ8, and clinical symptoms or had positive challenge test after12 months of GFD were considered as SNCD. Results of total 1115 patients 27 (2.4%) had seronegative mucosal atrophy of duodenum and diagnosed as a SNCD (96.2% marsh3), the mean age and BMI in SNCD patients were significantly higher than ot...
Background: Nurses play an essential role in the hospital’s response to accidents and disasters. ... more Background: Nurses play an essential role in the hospital’s response to accidents and disasters. Assessing nurses’ preparedness is the starting point to improve and increase their preparedness for disasters. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the preparedness of nurses of a 650-bed district hospital in Herat, Afghanistan in the face of disasters in 2020. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and the study subjects included all nurses working in a 650-bed district hospital in Herat Province. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire to determine the level of preparedness of nurses against accidents and disasters, which was localized. This questionnaire included three areas of knowledge, attitude, and performance. The maximum score in each of the domains was 100. To analyze the data, descriptive indicators, such as mean, median, standard deviation, and quartiles, and analytical methods such as independent t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, the M...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only has put populations at risk for mental and sexual he... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only has put populations at risk for mental and sexual health risks. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on published articles reporting female sexual function before and during COVID-19 pandemic in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran and SID databases till August 2021. From the initial 3198 articles, 8 articles were included in the review. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in total FSFI score and its domains during the COVID-19 pandemic and the pre-pandemic period. Further studies should separately evaluate the effect of lockdown on female sexual function.
The effect of education on promoting self-efficacy ... [21] Association of life style and self-es... more The effect of education on promoting self-efficacy ... [21] Association of life style and self-esteem among ... [22] Effect of educational intervention based ... [23] Validity and reliability of Rosenberg self-esteem scale ... [24] Epidemiological of brucellosis in Shahrekord city ... [25] Brucellosis knowledge and preventive practices among ... [26] Factors influencing preventive behavior ... [27] Risk, knowledge and preventive measures of smallholder ... [28] Understanding the role of disease knowledge and risk ... [29] The effectiveness of educational intervention based ... [30] A multifaceted risk model of brucellosis at the ... [31] Assessment of preventive behavior for cervical ... [32] Health behavior and health education: Theory ... Aims Brucellosis (Malta fever) is one of the most common zoonosis diseases. The role of the family in preventive behaviors against brucellosis is important, so this study was conducted to determine the relationship between preventative behaviors of brucellosis and family-based empowerment models in women in families with brucellosis patients in Iran. Instrument & Methods 200 people participated in this descriptive study through the multistage cluster method. Data were collected through demographic questionnaires, awareness, attitude, self-efficacy, and self-esteem and behavior. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and independent T-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson and Spearman correlation and regression. Findings 96 (48%) participants had a history of brucellosis, 174 (87%) had a history of contact with livestock, 131 (65.5%) had a history of consumption of unpasteurized dairy products (r=-0.218, p=0.003). Based on the independent t-test, a significant relationship was observed between pasteurized dairy consumption and housekeeping with preventive behavior (p=0.039) (p=0.455). Variance analysis test showed a significant relationship between the level of education and preventive behavior (p=0.002). According to the linear regression model, the relationship between self-efficacy and behavior was significant (p0.001), and self-efficacy had more predictive power than other constructs. Conclusions In countrywomen, self-efficacy plays an important role in predicting behavior. In order to promote preventive behaviors against brucellosis, people's self-efficacy should be improved.
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the density and type of bacterial and fungal ... more Background The aim of this study was to investigate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in the air of the pediatric burn ward. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, two active and passive sampling methods were used simultaneously to evaluate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols. In 2019, sampling was performed once every six days, according to the sampling guideline developed by the 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Results According to the EU GMP standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the burn ward were in grades C and D, respectively. According to this standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the outdoor air of the burn ward were in grade C. According to the EU GMP standard, in the passive method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the pediatric bu...
Background and Objective: Health literacy has been implicated as one of the main factors in impro... more Background and Objective: Health literacy has been implicated as one of the main factors in improving public health maintenance, the present study examined the relationship between health literacy toward body image concern and respondents� demographic factors in healthcare employees in Binaloud, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 170 healthcare employees in Binaloud, Iran. The full version of the self-administered Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) questionnaires were used as validated self-report measures to examine body image concerns and health literacy of participants. We used SPSS Statistics 16 (Chicago, Illinois) to conduct the descriptive statistics and preliminary analyses such as I�2, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. Results: Results showed that 56.6 of participants had adequate health literacy, 24.4 had marginal, and 19 had inadequate health literacy. The mean sco...
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP, 2016
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is a major healthcare problem in women. There are many reports ... more Background and Aim: Breast cancer is a major healthcare problem in women. There are many reports about up-regulation of Hsp27 in cancer tissues but less is known about the potential relationship between Hsp27 antibody levels and breast cancer complications. We here investigated concentrations of serum Hsp27 antigen and antibodies in subjects with and without breast cancer and assessed potential associations with two-year disease-free survival, histological grade and number of lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: Specifically, serum Hsp27 antigen and antibody levels from 97 patients with breast cancer, and 65 healthy controls were determined by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Results: Serum Hsp27 and antibody levels were significantly (p<0.001) higher in patients with breast cancer compared to the control group, but no relationship were found with two-year disease free survival, histological grade or number of lymph nodes (p> 0.6, 0.2 and 0.9 respectively). Conclusio...
Background: From the students’ viewpoint the evaluation of teachers is one of the most important ... more Background: From the students’ viewpoint the evaluation of teachers is one of the most important tasks of faculty evaluation aiming to strengthen the abilities, modify teachers’ weaknesses, and improve the quality of teaching system. The present study aimed to determine the suitable structure to evaluate faculty members by the students’ questionnaire, at the Health School of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), in the first semester of 2018-2019. Methods: The present research is a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. The statistical population consisted of students from the School of Health of MUMS, in the first semester of 2018-2019. The Evaluation of Faculty Members by the Students Questionnaire (EFSQ) used at the School of Health of MUMS consisted of 12 questions with a 10-point Likert scale and 4 dimensions. This study used the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to assess the suitable structure of the EFSQ. Results: The mean of the total score of the E...
B ackground : Malnutrition is a considerable problem after major surgeries in hospitalized patien... more B ackground : Malnutrition is a considerable problem after major surgeries in hospitalized patients. Moreover, increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases leads to an augmentation in number of cardiovascular surgeries. Ghrelin is an appetite - stimulating hormone that can prevent malnutrition. This study aimed to evaluate ghrelin levels in coronary artery bypass graft patients in two methods , on - and off - pump . Method : In this prospective cohort study, 40 patients who underwent off - and on - pump operation wer e designated during September 2011 through March 2012 at Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad , Iran . Written informed consents were obtained from patients before entering the study. Patients with HIV, HCV, HBS, malignancy, and weight loss of >50% in last three mont h were excluded. Nutritional status and ghrelin level were evaluated for three times: (0, 5th and 40th day after surgery). SPSS 11.5 software was used for data analysis by t - test and Mann - Whitney test. Re...
Introduction: Rapid decline of the total fertility rate in Iran in recent decades has caused seri... more Introduction: Rapid decline of the total fertility rate in Iran in recent decades has caused serious demographic challenges to the country. One important reason for this decrease is single-child behavior adopted by Iranian families. Objective: The present study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of education based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on childbearing intention in single-child women. Materials and Methods: This randomized field trial with the pretest-posttest design was done on 72 single-child women presenting to health centers in Mashhad City, Iran, in the intervention (37 persons) and control (35 persons) groups from August 2019 to February 2020. Research tools included a demographic and obstetric questionnaire and a researcher-made childbearing intention questionnaire based on TPB. The intervention group received three 110-min sessions of education, which was based on TPB. The control group received routine health center care. The study data were analyzed...
M.Sc. student, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant... more M.Sc. student, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Background and Objective: Minor Psychiatric Disorders (MPDs) are the most common mental disorders... more Background and Objective: Minor Psychiatric Disorders (MPDs) are the most common mental disorders including depression, stress, and anxiety. In this study, we aimed to investigate association between health literacy status and MPDs.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 students who were studying at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2018. The Probability Proportional to Size sampling were used to selected eligible students. Data were collected using a demographic checklist, 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) Questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using latent class regression in Latent Gold, version 4.5.Results: Most of the students (51.6%) were male and 16.8% were married; the dominant education level (43.2%) was PhD. The mean scores of GHQ-12 and HELIA were 13.38±6.13 (out of 36) and 59.84 ±12.87 (out of 100), respectively. The result showed that...
To identify the predictors of nurses' presence at hospitals at the time of three types of dis... more To identify the predictors of nurses' presence at hospitals at the time of three types of disasters. This cross-sectional study was performed using a researcher-generated questionnaire. This study was performed on 350 nurses of five public hospitals. Data was collected using a questionnaire in which the respondents were asked about their decisions on reporting for work in the event of three scenarios: epidemic of an unknown contagious respiratory disease, earthquake, and flood. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the data. The four predictors of nurses reporting for work include receiving trainings on disasters, and concerns on the non-compensation for providing services following the disaster, concerns about family safety and workplace safety. Although slightly different factors affect the willingness of participants to report for work in each scenario, they can be put in two main categories; namely as personal and impersonal. Devising a family disaster plan and providing educational programs on self-care are two main strategies to increase the chances of presence at work following disasters. The presence of more nurses in the hospital at the time of disasters can significantly improve the quality of care, and clinical outcomes of patients and disaster victims.
Background The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified shift work as a ... more Background The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified shift work as a possible human carcinogen. The results of systematic on this topic is contradictory. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, aimed to update the current evidence regarding the relationship between night-shift work duration and breast cancer risk. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus as well as reference list of included studies were searched until December 19, 2020. Observational case–control or cohort studies investigating the relationship between the duration of night-shift work and breast cancer in women were included, which all quantified night-shift work exposure. All statistical analyses were done by Stata version 11.2. Results Our literature search was resulted in retrieval of 4854 publications from which 26 eligible studies with 1,313,348 participants were included in the meta-analyses. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast ...
Elderly patients undergoing surgery often suffer from sleep disorder. Holistic therapies might he... more Elderly patients undergoing surgery often suffer from sleep disorder. Holistic therapies might help them sleep better. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of guided imagery along with breathing relaxation on sleep quality in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery. A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 90 elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery in 2 educational hospitals in 2018, Mashhad, Iran. The elderly patients with different abdominal surgical procedures were distributed to the wardrooms and then the rooms were randomly assigned into 2 groups. In the intervention group, the patients learned breathing relaxation the day before surgery and then an audiotape was provided to perform the guided imagery from the day before surgery for 5 days (twice) along with breathing relaxation. St Mary's Hospital Sleep Inventory was completed the night before, 48 hours and 96 hours after the surgery. Data analysis was done using SPSS 21 through analytical tests. Results of the test indicated that the score of sleep quality was significantly higher in the intervention group the night before surgery (P = .001). The total scores of sleep quality in the intervention group 48 and 96 hours after the surgery were significantly higher (P < .001). Based on results of generalized estimating equation model, the score of sleep quality for patients was 8.76 units higher in the intervention group than in the control group by controlling for the effects of time. Guided imagery along with breathing relaxation improved the sleep quality of the elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Trial registration: IRCT20180731040652N1.
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2021
Spirulina platensis is abundant biomass of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) which is applied in t... more Spirulina platensis is abundant biomass of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) which is applied in the current study as a biosorbent. A statistical Box–Behnken approach was adopted to remove the toxic...
Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research, 2021
In competing risks cure models, if there is unobserved heterogeneity among susceptible patients, ... more In competing risks cure models, if there is unobserved heterogeneity among susceptible patients, application of the methods that do not consider this heterogeneity, may lead to invalid results. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce a model to cover the above properties of survival studies. We introduced a unified model by combining a parametric mixture cure gamma frailty model and vertical modeling of competing risks. We obtained estimates of parameters by an iterative method and Laplace transform technique. Then, we calculated the cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) and related confidence bounds by using a bootstrap approach. We conducted an extensive simulation study to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The results of the simulation study showed the superior performance of our proposed competing risks cure frailty model. Finally, we applied the proposed method to analyze a real dataset of breast cancer patients.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and pulmonary TB is the m... more Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and pulmonary TB is the most prevalent form of the disease worldwide. One of the most concrete actions to ensure an effective TB control program is monitoring TB treatment outcomes, particularly duration to cure; but, there is no strong evidence in this respect. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to examine the possible spatial variations of duration to cure and its associated factors in Iran using the Bayesian spatial survival model. All new smear-positive PTB patients have diagnosed from March 2011 to March 2018 were included in the study. Out of 34,744 patients, 27,752 (79.90%) patients cured and 6992 (20.10%) cases were censored. For inferential purposes, the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms are applied in a Bayesian framework. According to the Bayesian estimates of the regression parameters in the proposed model, a Bayesian spatial log-logistic model, the variables gender (male vs. female, TR = 1.09...
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Papers by Vahid Ghavami