Papers by Natalia Bugajska
Remote. Sens., 2021
In this article, we present a possible approach to use satellite radar data for a complete descri... more In this article, we present a possible approach to use satellite radar data for a complete description of the formation process of a subsidence trough resulting from an induced seismic event—a mining tremor. Our main goal was to verify whether SAR data allow for the calculation of the basic indicators for the trough (w—subsidence, T—trough slope, K—curvature, u—horizontal displacements, ε—horizontal deformations). We verified the extent to which the Mogi and Yang models can be fitted to match the actual displacements recorded after an induced seismic tremor. The calculations were performed for the Legnica-Glogow Copper Belt (LGCB) area in southwest Poland. Due to intensive mining operations and specific geological and tectonic conditions, the area shows a high level of induced seismic activity. Our detailed analysis focused on four powerful mining tremors: the first tremor occurred on 29 November 2016 (MW3.4), the second on 7 December 2017 (MW3.3), the next on 26 December 2017 (MW3....
Mining operations cause negative changes in the environment. Therefore, such areas require consta... more Mining operations cause negative changes in the environment. Therefore, such areas require constant monitoring, which can benefit from remote sensing data. In this article, research was carried out on the environmental impact of underground hard coal mining in the Bogdanka mine, located in the southeastern Poland. For this purpose, spectral indexes, satellite radar interferometry, Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and machine learning algorithms were utilized. Based on optical, radar, geological, hydrological and meteorological data, a spatial model was developed to determine the statistical significance of the selected factors’ individual impact on the occurrence of wetlands. Obtained results show that Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) change, terrain height, groundwater level and terrain displacement had a considerable influence on the occurrence of wetlands in the research area. Moreover, the machine learning model developed using the Random Forest algorithm a...
<p>The eastern part of the transboundary UNESCO Global Geopark Muskau Arch and the southern... more <p>The eastern part of the transboundary UNESCO Global Geopark Muskau Arch and the southern part of the Landscape park of the same name include four areas that are the subject of research in a project financed by the OPUS National Science Centre (No. 2019/33/B/ST10/02975).</p><p>The Muskau Arch is a unique moraine structure created as a result of the multi-stage influence of the Scandinavian ice sheet. Its most characteristic geomorphological feature are parallel sequences of land surface depressions, separated by local moraine hills.</p><p>The area in question covers the former German and Polish mine &#8220;Babina&#8221;, active between 1920 and 1972. Brown coal, ceramic clay and glass sands deposits were exploited with underground and opencast methods, resulting in a variety of anthropogenic transformations in the entire region.</p><p>The internal geological structure of the Muskau Arch, identified by drilling and mining works, indicates the presence of many zones, which differ in terms of the style of glacial-tectonic sediment deformation.</p><p>As part of the project, geophysical research (gravimetric and seismic) and geotechnical drilling were carried out providing new information on the character and scale of anthropogenic transformations of the glaciotectonic area, as well as the origins of anthropogenic and natural terrain deformations.</p><p>The developed gravimetric maps combine the geomorphological forms of the terrain and surface deformations with the geological structure and anthropogenic or natural changes. The qualitative interpretation is based on the analysis of the distribution, size and amplitude of gravity anomalies reflecting the bulk density of the sediments that make up the studied medium. Negative anomalies reflect the shortage of masses, which, as a natural factor, should be associated with the presence of weathering brown coal seams, their extent and dip. They are also generated by anthropogenic processes related to mining exploitation and translate into post-mining voids, zones of continuous consolidation and subsidence trough and post-mining heaps. Anomalies with positive amplitudes show the presence of tills, glacial sands and clays.</p><p>The results of measurements along seismic cross-sections confirmed the high glaciotectonic involvement within the Tertiary formations, showed the framework character of the top of the underlying (Cretaceous) deposits and allowed for the interpretation of lithostratigraphic boundaries.</p><p>Additionally, geotechnical drilling to a depth of 12 m was carried out in selected places using an impact system (Stitz) and a geotechnical light probe (Dynamic Penetration Light). The drillings were made in places that differed in the type of human interference: heaps, surface sinkholes, as well as in places intact by mining activities. The data from the drilling will be used for the geological and engineering analysis of morphological disturbances in the next tasks, including the construction of the model using the finite element method.</p><p>The natural and anthropogenic geomorphological forms of various origins that co-occur in the area of the UNESCO Global Geopark Muskau Arch constitute a part of the global geological and cultural heritage of a great importance in Poland and in Europe. Research which aim at discovering the genesis of these transformations can greatly contribute to our understanding of the modern-day environmental changes.</p>
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Papers by Natalia Bugajska