Papers by Cláudio Carneiro
A general understanding of the solar admittance and solar gains incident on the urban fabric is v... more A general understanding of the solar admittance and solar gains incident on the urban fabric is very useful to assess the potential implementation of renewable energies at the scale of the city. The authors propose a tool that uses Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data to automatically derive this information in a fast and accurate way with no need to refer to the construction of complex models of the urban layout. In particular, a complete methodology from the extraction of LIDAR data to the environmental analysis of urban models and the visualization of results is presented. Aim of the work is to establish a process to investigate digital urban models integrating cross-disciplinary competences, like remote sensing, GIS, image processing and urban and environmental studies. Toward this goal, working on several interfaces, tools and datasets was necessary to provide a consequent structure to the introduced methodology. Case study for application was two districts in Geneva (a historical district, and a modern one) where LIDAR data are available. The use of a hybrid approach from raw LIDAR data and vectorial digital maps (GIS data) of roofs footprints derived from a 3-D urban model of the city of Geneva allowed to interpolate a 2.5-D urban surface model (DUSM) of roofs buildings, with a resolution grid of 0.50 by 0.50 metres. This step reveals itself as fundamental for processing the environmental analysis of the urban texture. In particular, the implemented tool calculates solar radiation and solar accessibility on buildings’ roofs, in order to investigate the potential for implementing photovoltaic panels.
Transactions in Gis, 2010
The aim of this article is to present a method to calculate the morphological properties of the b... more The aim of this article is to present a method to calculate the morphological properties of the built environment using LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data, geographic information systems (GIS) data and three-dimensional (3D) models of cities as a source of information. A hybrid approach that takes into account different types of inputs and consequently evaluates the accuracy of each type of used data is presented. This work is intended to give a first response to the lack of a comprehensive and accurate procedure that uses LiDAR data in order to automatically derive precise morphological properties, such as volumes and surfaces (façades and roofs) of buildings. The method was tested on two case-study areas in the Geneva region with different characteristics, one in the old town along the Rhone River and the other on the CERN campus. A statistical analysis that compares the results of the computation with the 3D model of the built environment was used to validate the results, complemented by significance statistical tests. Outcomes showed that the proposed method to derive morphological properties can reach high levels of accuracy, thus enhancing the potential uses of LiDAR data for numerous applications, typically for the assessment of the urban environmental quality (UEQ) at the city and district scale, such as the estimation of the potential deployment of renewable energies in the built environment and the determination and monitoring of several urban indicators.
In this paper we present an application of GIS and airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) d... more In this paper we present an application of GIS and airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data analysis for computation of morphological properties of buildings’ descriptors in the context of an urban morphogenesis geo-simulator. The morphological descriptors of buildings here studied are the mean height, total volume, number of faces, ground surface area, facades surface area, roof surface area, envelope surface area, type of roof, envelope surface area-to-ground surface area complexity, envelope surface area-to-total volume complexity and total volume-to-number of faces complexity. Considering the building’s morphology under analysis, its properties are extracted from a 2D GIS cadastral database and a normalized 2.5-D Urban Surface Model (n2.5-DUSM) with a resolution grid of 1 by 1 meter, constructed from a hybrid approach that uses GIS and LIDAR data, or a segmentation procedure for LIDAR data. The case study for application is the district of Chavannes, in Lausanne, where GIS and LIDAR data is available.
In this paper we present an application of GIS and Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) d... more In this paper we present an application of GIS and Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data analysis for computation of buildings visibility, solar exposition and extraction of morphological indicators in the context of urban group analysis and morphogenesis geosimulation. The interdisciplinary project between geomaticians and architects aims to provide a simulation model based upon dynamic computation of building agents’ satisfaction degree, incorporating analysis results using a hybrid approach derived from GIS and raw LIDAR data.
In this paper we present an application of airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data anal... more In this paper we present an application of airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data analysis for computation of buildings visibility and sunshine in the context of urban morphogenesis geosimulation. The interdisciplinary project between architects and geomaticians aims to provide a simulation model based upon dynamic computation of building agents’ satisfaction degree, incorporating visibility and sunshine analysis results derived from raw LIDAR data. For the buildings in study, the visibility and sunshine analysis are undertaken at different heights along its façades, in order to obtain a classification as input for the multi-agent vector urban modelling system.
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Papers by Cláudio Carneiro