Mexico esta siendo testigo de una ola sin precedentes de ciudadanos Norteamerica nos-muchos de lo... more Mexico esta siendo testigo de una ola sin precedentes de ciudadanos Norteamerica nos-muchos de los cuales son jubilados-mudandose a! sur de Ia f�ontera. En vez de analizar el impacto fisico o cultural que esta migraci6n tendra en Mexico, Ia mayoria de qu ienes comentan el tema se ha.n enfocado en describir el fen6meno como una invasion. El autor de ese ensayo no se pretende en desacred itar esta hiperbola, sino argumentar que talvez hay algo que aprender de esta ret6rica, ya que nos transporta a Ia historia de las Californias y nos permite cuestionar Ia utilidad de Ia frontera en Ia actualidad.
Current debates about Northern English cities and their role in national economic strategies cann... more Current debates about Northern English cities and their role in national economic strategies cannot be read simply through the lens of contemporary politics. We therefore take the Northern Powerhouse as our starting point in a chapter which traces a long history of policy and planning discourses about the North of England. W D ' N English cities hold a particular charge in cultural narratives of the nation to guide our analysis of contemporaneous tensions in debates about planning and governance. A focus on representations about the North of England over the course of the last two centuries reveals four interlocking themes: namely the role of London in directing debates about the North; a tension between political and spatial approaches to planning; the characterisation of cities in the North of England as intrinsically problematic places; and the continued issue of poverty in these cities.
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers
This paper investigates what people mean when they engage in the discourse of denigration. Buildi... more This paper investigates what people mean when they engage in the discourse of denigration. Building on existing literature on territorial stigmatization that either focuses on macro-scale uses and effects of territorial stigmatization or micro-scale ethnographic studies of effects, we develop a novel approach approach that captures the diverse voices that engage in the discourse of denigration by tracing the use of the word and hashtag 'shithole' on the social media platform, Twitter in order to examine who is engaged in the stigmatizing discourse, the types of place that are stigmatized, and the responses to stigmatized places Using a robust data set, we highlight two key findings. First the majority of tweets were aimed at places where the tweeter was not from, a form of othering consistent with how territories are stigmatized by those in positions of power, such as policymakers, politicians, and journalists. Second, we note that an important and gendered minority of tweets can be characterized by a 'cry for help' and powerlessness, where the stigma is aimed at their own places. We offer an interpretive lens through which to understand and frame these minoritarian voices by engaging with theories of abjection that allow us to see how minoritarian voices relate to place
Silicon Valley as we know it emerged in part from encounters between the technology of the valley... more Silicon Valley as we know it emerged in part from encounters between the technology of the valley and the Bohemian culture of San Francisco. This San Francisco–Silicon Valley nexus would produce one of the most dynamic economic growth stories any region has ever seen. Over the course of the latter part of the twentieth century, this encounter eventually turned both San Francisco and Silicon Valley into massive jobs engines. This chapter examines the spaces where this engine was most powerful, the places that drove the economic cart which attracted so many new residents and so much investment. These are also the places that largely did either very little or not enough to house the people who held these jobs. They did even less for those who had suffered under the segregated conditions of the earlier era.
An understudied outcome of foreclosure crises is how their aftershocks affect partisan elections.... more An understudied outcome of foreclosure crises is how their aftershocks affect partisan elections. Two hypotheses are that partisan shifts may occur in neighborhoods with concentrated foreclosures because of (1) declines in turnout among liberal leaning voters or (2) swells of anti-incumbency among all voters. This research explores these hypotheses in Maricopa County, Arizona, by using econometric modeling to uncover associations among neighborhood foreclosures, voter turnout, and changes in the Republican vote share between the 2006 and the 2010 Arizona gubernatorial and U.S. Senate elections. Our results show evidence of (1) anti-incumbent voting behavior and more liberal shifts among neighborhoods harder hit by foreclosures and (2) conservative shifts in neighborhoods experiencing African-American and Latinx population growth. These findings are suggestive of a link between neighborhood housing market distress and neighborhood partisan shifts, which in aggregate may shape state a...
Because the terms [primary, secondary, tertiary] are linguistically familiar, perhaps, everybody ... more Because the terms [primary, secondary, tertiary] are linguistically familiar, perhaps, everybody assumes that somewhere in economic literature lies proof of their validity (Wolfe, 1955: 404). Almost eighty years have passed since the notion of the "services" sector was proposed as a way of understanding economic activity beyond agriculture, mining and manufacturing. In the wake of a rapidly modernizing and globalizing economy where more and more people were working outside of fields, mines and factories, "three-sector theory" (Fisher, 1939; Clark 1941) 1 , established the basic division by which economic structure is still largely understood. The primary sector is generally considered to include agriculture and mining, extractive industries connected to the natural environment. The secondary sector is generally considered to be various forms of manufacturing and activities that produce "goods" from products of the primary sector. The tertiary or services sector includes everything from banking and legal services to retail, hospitality and waste disposal. Even if many would draw a blank when confronted with the notion of "three-sector theory", this basic division of economic activity has become, as Wolfe noted in 1955, "linguistically familiar". 2 It is also remarkably resilient. The World Bank and the CIA databases, common 1 See also Fourastié (1945), 2 Tertiarisation is now a word in both English and French.
In 2007 the French government announced the “Grand Paris” initiative. This ambitious project reim... more In 2007 the French government announced the “Grand Paris” initiative. This ambitious project reimagined the Paris region as integrated, balanced, global, sustainable, and prosperous. Metropolitan solidarity would unite divided populations; a new transportation system, the Grand Paris Express, would connect the affluent city proper with the low-income suburbs; streamlined institutions would replace fragmented governance structures. Grand Paris is more than a redevelopment plan; it is a new paradigm for urbanism. In this first English-language examination of Grand Paris, Theresa Enright offers a critical analysis of the early stages of the project, considering whether it can achieve its twin goals of economic competitiveness and equality. Enright argues that by orienting the city around growth and marketization, Grand Paris reproduces the social and spatial hierarchies it sets out to address. For example, large expenditures for the Grand Paris Express are made not for the public good but to increase the attractiveness of the region to private investors, setting off a real estate boom, encouraging gentrification, and leaving many residents still unable to get from here to there. Enright describes Grand Paris as an example of what she calls “grand urbanism,” large-scale planning that relies on infrastructural megaprojects to reconfigure urban regions in pursuit of speculative redevelopment. Democracy and equality suffer under processes of grand urbanism. Given the logic of commodification on which Grand Paris is based, these are likely to suffer as the project moves forward.
[All photographs by Douglas Smith] Take a walk through the streets of Brentwood, Stockton or Mode... more [All photographs by Douglas Smith] Take a walk through the streets of Brentwood, Stockton or Modesto, and you could be forgiven for thinking life has returned to normal. Back in 2007 and 2008, these Northern California cities were at the center of the foreclosure crisis. The neighborhoods looked like models of suburban tranquility — sunny weather, new homes, asphalt smooth enough to walk on barefoot — and yet it seemed every other house was for sale. Bright yellow " Bank Owned " signs fronted houses with dead lawns, boarded windows and mildewed stucco. Something was wrong. Three years later, the turmoil of the Great Recession is not so apparent. Most of the foreclosed homes have been bought up, often by large investors swooping up 50 to 100 properties at auction. Prices are stable, though stagnant. Many former homeowners now rent, some in the same house they once owned, or on the same block, which gives the neighborhoods the look of normalcy and continuity. Some people have managed to refinance; some cities have received federal aid. Life goes on. But if the crisis is no longer as visible, it's still not over, and the pain is not gone. At 12.3 percent, California's unemployment rate is the second highest in the nation, and things are even worse in the Northern San Joaquin Valley. In the region's three main counties — San Joaquin, Stanislaus and Merced — the unemployment rate is more than 18 percent. [1] The rate is higher yet for the young, the old, people of color, the working class. Long-time homeowners fortunate enough to have stable jobs are trapped in houses worth a third to half of what they were five years ago, unable to move or retire. Maintenance on urban infrastructure like roads and streetlights has been quietly postponed by cities hemorrhaging property tax income. Credit profiles are ruined. Families are doubled up with relatives. In classic suburban style, the problem has not gone away; it has merely gone inside. Scenes from Surrendered Homes: Design Observer
How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org ... more How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Scientific Information System Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative
... 2007), drawing on earlier ethographies by Stokes (1990) and Holder (1976) give us an initial ... more ... 2007), drawing on earlier ethographies by Stokes (1990) and Holder (1976) give us an initial understanding of the differing mentalities of US migrants with regards to integration, but they look only at Lake Chapala, the oldest and largest Ameri-can expat community, and do not ...
Resilience has been critiqued as being regressively status quo and thus propping up neoliberalism... more Resilience has been critiqued as being regressively status quo and thus propping up neoliberalism, that it lacks transformative potential, and that it can be used as a pretence to cast off needy people and places. We move from this critique of resilience to a critical resilience, based in the following arguments: (i) resilience can sustain alternative and previous practices that contradict neo-liberalism; (ii) resilience is more active and dynamic than passive; and (iii) resilience can sustain survival, thus acting as a precursor to more obviously transformative action such as resistance. These bring us more closely to a heterogeneous deneo-liberalized reading of resilience, explicitly opening it to social justice, power relations and uneven development, and performing valuable conceptual and pragmatic work that usefully moves us beyond resistance yet retaining (long-term) struggle.
Mexico esta siendo testigo de una ola sin precedentes de ciudadanos Norteamerica nos-muchos de lo... more Mexico esta siendo testigo de una ola sin precedentes de ciudadanos Norteamerica nos-muchos de los cuales son jubilados-mudandose a! sur de Ia f�ontera. En vez de analizar el impacto fisico o cultural que esta migraci6n tendra en Mexico, Ia mayoria de qu ienes comentan el tema se ha.n enfocado en describir el fen6meno como una invasion. El autor de ese ensayo no se pretende en desacred itar esta hiperbola, sino argumentar que talvez hay algo que aprender de esta ret6rica, ya que nos transporta a Ia historia de las Californias y nos permite cuestionar Ia utilidad de Ia frontera en Ia actualidad.
Current debates about Northern English cities and their role in national economic strategies cann... more Current debates about Northern English cities and their role in national economic strategies cannot be read simply through the lens of contemporary politics. We therefore take the Northern Powerhouse as our starting point in a chapter which traces a long history of policy and planning discourses about the North of England. W D ' N English cities hold a particular charge in cultural narratives of the nation to guide our analysis of contemporaneous tensions in debates about planning and governance. A focus on representations about the North of England over the course of the last two centuries reveals four interlocking themes: namely the role of London in directing debates about the North; a tension between political and spatial approaches to planning; the characterisation of cities in the North of England as intrinsically problematic places; and the continued issue of poverty in these cities.
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers
This paper investigates what people mean when they engage in the discourse of denigration. Buildi... more This paper investigates what people mean when they engage in the discourse of denigration. Building on existing literature on territorial stigmatization that either focuses on macro-scale uses and effects of territorial stigmatization or micro-scale ethnographic studies of effects, we develop a novel approach approach that captures the diverse voices that engage in the discourse of denigration by tracing the use of the word and hashtag 'shithole' on the social media platform, Twitter in order to examine who is engaged in the stigmatizing discourse, the types of place that are stigmatized, and the responses to stigmatized places Using a robust data set, we highlight two key findings. First the majority of tweets were aimed at places where the tweeter was not from, a form of othering consistent with how territories are stigmatized by those in positions of power, such as policymakers, politicians, and journalists. Second, we note that an important and gendered minority of tweets can be characterized by a 'cry for help' and powerlessness, where the stigma is aimed at their own places. We offer an interpretive lens through which to understand and frame these minoritarian voices by engaging with theories of abjection that allow us to see how minoritarian voices relate to place
Silicon Valley as we know it emerged in part from encounters between the technology of the valley... more Silicon Valley as we know it emerged in part from encounters between the technology of the valley and the Bohemian culture of San Francisco. This San Francisco–Silicon Valley nexus would produce one of the most dynamic economic growth stories any region has ever seen. Over the course of the latter part of the twentieth century, this encounter eventually turned both San Francisco and Silicon Valley into massive jobs engines. This chapter examines the spaces where this engine was most powerful, the places that drove the economic cart which attracted so many new residents and so much investment. These are also the places that largely did either very little or not enough to house the people who held these jobs. They did even less for those who had suffered under the segregated conditions of the earlier era.
An understudied outcome of foreclosure crises is how their aftershocks affect partisan elections.... more An understudied outcome of foreclosure crises is how their aftershocks affect partisan elections. Two hypotheses are that partisan shifts may occur in neighborhoods with concentrated foreclosures because of (1) declines in turnout among liberal leaning voters or (2) swells of anti-incumbency among all voters. This research explores these hypotheses in Maricopa County, Arizona, by using econometric modeling to uncover associations among neighborhood foreclosures, voter turnout, and changes in the Republican vote share between the 2006 and the 2010 Arizona gubernatorial and U.S. Senate elections. Our results show evidence of (1) anti-incumbent voting behavior and more liberal shifts among neighborhoods harder hit by foreclosures and (2) conservative shifts in neighborhoods experiencing African-American and Latinx population growth. These findings are suggestive of a link between neighborhood housing market distress and neighborhood partisan shifts, which in aggregate may shape state a...
Because the terms [primary, secondary, tertiary] are linguistically familiar, perhaps, everybody ... more Because the terms [primary, secondary, tertiary] are linguistically familiar, perhaps, everybody assumes that somewhere in economic literature lies proof of their validity (Wolfe, 1955: 404). Almost eighty years have passed since the notion of the "services" sector was proposed as a way of understanding economic activity beyond agriculture, mining and manufacturing. In the wake of a rapidly modernizing and globalizing economy where more and more people were working outside of fields, mines and factories, "three-sector theory" (Fisher, 1939; Clark 1941) 1 , established the basic division by which economic structure is still largely understood. The primary sector is generally considered to include agriculture and mining, extractive industries connected to the natural environment. The secondary sector is generally considered to be various forms of manufacturing and activities that produce "goods" from products of the primary sector. The tertiary or services sector includes everything from banking and legal services to retail, hospitality and waste disposal. Even if many would draw a blank when confronted with the notion of "three-sector theory", this basic division of economic activity has become, as Wolfe noted in 1955, "linguistically familiar". 2 It is also remarkably resilient. The World Bank and the CIA databases, common 1 See also Fourastié (1945), 2 Tertiarisation is now a word in both English and French.
In 2007 the French government announced the “Grand Paris” initiative. This ambitious project reim... more In 2007 the French government announced the “Grand Paris” initiative. This ambitious project reimagined the Paris region as integrated, balanced, global, sustainable, and prosperous. Metropolitan solidarity would unite divided populations; a new transportation system, the Grand Paris Express, would connect the affluent city proper with the low-income suburbs; streamlined institutions would replace fragmented governance structures. Grand Paris is more than a redevelopment plan; it is a new paradigm for urbanism. In this first English-language examination of Grand Paris, Theresa Enright offers a critical analysis of the early stages of the project, considering whether it can achieve its twin goals of economic competitiveness and equality. Enright argues that by orienting the city around growth and marketization, Grand Paris reproduces the social and spatial hierarchies it sets out to address. For example, large expenditures for the Grand Paris Express are made not for the public good but to increase the attractiveness of the region to private investors, setting off a real estate boom, encouraging gentrification, and leaving many residents still unable to get from here to there. Enright describes Grand Paris as an example of what she calls “grand urbanism,” large-scale planning that relies on infrastructural megaprojects to reconfigure urban regions in pursuit of speculative redevelopment. Democracy and equality suffer under processes of grand urbanism. Given the logic of commodification on which Grand Paris is based, these are likely to suffer as the project moves forward.
[All photographs by Douglas Smith] Take a walk through the streets of Brentwood, Stockton or Mode... more [All photographs by Douglas Smith] Take a walk through the streets of Brentwood, Stockton or Modesto, and you could be forgiven for thinking life has returned to normal. Back in 2007 and 2008, these Northern California cities were at the center of the foreclosure crisis. The neighborhoods looked like models of suburban tranquility — sunny weather, new homes, asphalt smooth enough to walk on barefoot — and yet it seemed every other house was for sale. Bright yellow " Bank Owned " signs fronted houses with dead lawns, boarded windows and mildewed stucco. Something was wrong. Three years later, the turmoil of the Great Recession is not so apparent. Most of the foreclosed homes have been bought up, often by large investors swooping up 50 to 100 properties at auction. Prices are stable, though stagnant. Many former homeowners now rent, some in the same house they once owned, or on the same block, which gives the neighborhoods the look of normalcy and continuity. Some people have managed to refinance; some cities have received federal aid. Life goes on. But if the crisis is no longer as visible, it's still not over, and the pain is not gone. At 12.3 percent, California's unemployment rate is the second highest in the nation, and things are even worse in the Northern San Joaquin Valley. In the region's three main counties — San Joaquin, Stanislaus and Merced — the unemployment rate is more than 18 percent. [1] The rate is higher yet for the young, the old, people of color, the working class. Long-time homeowners fortunate enough to have stable jobs are trapped in houses worth a third to half of what they were five years ago, unable to move or retire. Maintenance on urban infrastructure like roads and streetlights has been quietly postponed by cities hemorrhaging property tax income. Credit profiles are ruined. Families are doubled up with relatives. In classic suburban style, the problem has not gone away; it has merely gone inside. Scenes from Surrendered Homes: Design Observer
How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org ... more How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Scientific Information System Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative
... 2007), drawing on earlier ethographies by Stokes (1990) and Holder (1976) give us an initial ... more ... 2007), drawing on earlier ethographies by Stokes (1990) and Holder (1976) give us an initial understanding of the differing mentalities of US migrants with regards to integration, but they look only at Lake Chapala, the oldest and largest Ameri-can expat community, and do not ...
Resilience has been critiqued as being regressively status quo and thus propping up neoliberalism... more Resilience has been critiqued as being regressively status quo and thus propping up neoliberalism, that it lacks transformative potential, and that it can be used as a pretence to cast off needy people and places. We move from this critique of resilience to a critical resilience, based in the following arguments: (i) resilience can sustain alternative and previous practices that contradict neo-liberalism; (ii) resilience is more active and dynamic than passive; and (iii) resilience can sustain survival, thus acting as a precursor to more obviously transformative action such as resistance. These bring us more closely to a heterogeneous deneo-liberalized reading of resilience, explicitly opening it to social justice, power relations and uneven development, and performing valuable conceptual and pragmatic work that usefully moves us beyond resistance yet retaining (long-term) struggle.
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