Judy Grahn
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| aha enyere | Judy |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 28 Julaị 1940 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Chicago |
| asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka | Bekee |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | New College of California, San Francisco State University |
| Ihe nrite | Lambda Literary Award, American Book Awards |
| webụsaịtị | https://www.judygrahn.org |
| kọwara na URL | https://auntlute.com/a-simple-revolution/, https://archive.org/details/womenplaywrights00pete/page/150 |
Judy Grahn (amuru July 28, 1940) bu onye odee na ode akwukwo America.
N'ịbụ onye sitere na ahụmahụ ya nke enweghị ikike dị ka onye nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, ọ ghọrọ onye na-ede uri nwanyị, nke a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke ukwuu n'ime okirikiri ndị dị n'okpuru ala tupu ọ nweta aha ọha. Mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọrụ ya bụ Metaformic Theory, na-achọpụta mgbọrọgwụ nke omenala nke oge a na ememe nsọ oge ochie, ọ bụ ezie na ọ naghị ele nkà ihe ọmụma anya dị ka nanị nwanyị. Grahn na-akụzi akụkọ ifo ụmụ nwanyị na akwụkwọ ochie na California Institute of Integral Studies na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Judy Rae Grahn mụrụ na 1940 na Chicago, Illinois . Nna ya bụ osi nri na nne ya bụ onye inyeaka foto. Grahn kọwara nwata ya ka ọ na-ewere ọnọdụ na "ogbenye dara ogbenye na nkụda mmụọ mmụọ na njedebe 1950s New Mexico obodo ọzara dị nso na ala mmụọ nke West Texas ." [1]
Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, ya na otu nwa akwụkwọ aha ya bụ Yvonne soro na kọleji dị nso. Grahn kelere Yvonne maka imeghe anya ya na omenala ndị mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị . N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ banyere United States Air Force. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na otu a chụrụ ya n'ọrụ (n'ụzọ "na-erughị nsọpụrụ," ka o kwuru) maka ịbụ nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị. [2]
Grahn nwetara oke mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị n'oge ọrụ ndị na-adịghị mma ọ rụrụ iji nweta ego maka ụlọ akwụkwọ, na-agbalị ịchọta ụlọ, ma na-eti ya ihe maka uwe anụ ya. "Ihe ndị a jolts kụziiri m ihe niile m ga-achọ ịma banyere mmegbu a na-emegbu ndị na-edina ụdị onwe," ka o kwuru n'ajụjụ ọnụ a gbara ya na asụsụ . [3]
Na-arụ ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Nchịkọta uri mbụ ya, Edward the Dyke na uri ndị ọzọ ka ewepụtara na 1971, wee jikọta ya na She Who (1972) na Nwanyị Na-agwa Ọnwụ (1974) na mkpokọta uri akpọrọ The Work of a Common Woman na 1978. Na 1974 o nwere ọgụgụ nke uri sitere na akwụkwọ abụọ mbụ na mmemme nke Westbeth Playwrights Feminist Collective haziri. On A Woman is Talking to Death Grahn kwuru na ọ malitere "mgbanwe maka onwe m banyere isiokwu ịhụnanya." [4] Nchịkọta uri ahọpụtara na nke ọhụrụ, ịhụnanya bụ nke ndị na-eme mmetụta ahụ (2008) nwetara 2009 Lambda Literary Award maka uri nwanyị nwanyị . [5]
Eji uri Grahn mee ihe dị ka isi iyi ike na ụzọ isi nwetaghachi inwe okwu na akara nke omenala ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị nke ndị na-abụghị ndị ọzọ na-ejikarị eme ihe mkparị. N'okwu dị mkpirikpi sitere na nchịkọta She Who (1971-1972) o ji obi ike kwuo, sị, "Abụ m dyke n'okwu ahụ, nke ọzọ / abụ m mgbidi na nwanyị swagger / Abụ m dragọn ahụ, mma dị ize ndụ / Abụ m. bulldyke, onye bulldagger." [6]
N'afọ 1993, Grahn dere akwụkwọ nke abụọ ya, Blood, Bread, and Roses: Olee otú nsọ nwanyị si kee ụwa nke na-elekwasị anya na ememe nsọ nsọ dị ka mmalite nke mmepeanya mmadụ site n'iji nkà mmụta sayensị, akụkọ ihe mere eme, nkà mmụta ihe ochie, akụkọ ifo, na akụkọ. [7]
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ahịrị sitere na nchịkọta nwanyị nkịtị ya ghọrọ "ihe ndị na-emetụ n'ahụ maka mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị n'ime afọ iri asaa, dị ka 'nwanyị nkịtị na-adịkarị ka achịcha kacha mma / ma ga-ebili.'" [8]
Ozizi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Margot Gayle Backus na-ehota ọrụ kacha mma Grahn dị ka uri ya, "Nwanyị Na-agwa Ọnwụ". Ọ na-arụrịta ụka maka "mmetụta pụrụ iche na ndị na-ege ya ntị na ndị na-agụ ya", ma kọwaa nke a na "echiche nke Grahn nke ụda uri nke nwere ike ikwenye kpamkpam, nke na-adịghị ike nke na-atụghị egwu na n'echeghị echiche na-ekwu eziokwu na ihe dị egwu ma na-agbanyeghị aha, nke a na-amata, ya mere ike na-akparịta ụka. " Backus na-arụ [8] enwere ike ịsị na "olu uri amụma" nke Grahn bụ ọrụ dịka " Lycidas " ma ọ bụ nke ndị na-ede uri Shakespeare na Donne . [8] Backus na-ede na na "Nwanyị na-agwa Ọnwụ okwu", "isi isiokwu nke elegy na ịhụnanya lyric na-abanye n'ime ụzọ mgbagwoju anya na ụzọ ọhụrụ ... Grahn na-ejikọta isi ihe abụọ bụ isi uri uri na mgbọrọgwụ miri emi na mmepe akụkọ ihe mere eme nke uri uri. Nnọchite anya na Europe ka ọ na-agbanwe ha nke ukwuu site n'iwebata n'ụdị uri bụ njikọ sara mbara nke usoro na edemede nwanyị nwanyị na narị afọ nke iri abụọ." [8]
Ndụ onwe onye
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Site na 1981-1986, Grahn biri na mmekọrịta siri ike na onye na-ede uri na onye edemede, Paula Gunn Allen . Di na nwunye ahụ nwere nnọkọ Sọnde mgbe niile na Mama Bears Coffeehouse na ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ dị na Telegraph Avenue na north Berkeley, iji kparịta isiokwu ndị metụtara ọnọdụ ime mmụọ ụmụ nwanyị . [9] [10]
Taa, Grahn bi na California ma na-akụzi na California Institute for Integral Studies, New College of California, na Institute for Transpersonal Psychology . [5] N'ebe ahụ, ọ na-akụzi akụkọ ifo ụmụ nwanyị na akwụkwọ ochie, Metaformic Consciousness (nkà ihe ọmụma nke Grahn kere), na Kinship na-adịghị ahụkebe - usoro nke na-eji echiche sitere na nkà ihe ọmụma Metaformic ya. [4]
Ihe nrite
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]E wezụga na Lambda Literary Award, Grahn abụrụla onye natara ihe nrite ndị ọzọ maka ọrụ ya. Ọ natala onyinye sitere na National Endowment for Arts, ihe nrite akwụkwọ nyocha nke America, ihe nrite akwụkwọ America, onyinye akwụkwọ mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị, na ihe nrite mbụ nke onyinye ime mmụọ nke ụmụ nwanyị . [5] Ọ natara ihe nrite Bill Whitehead maka mmezu ndụ oge niile site na mbipụta Triangle na 1994. Na 2022, ọ natara ihe nrite nke abụọ Reginald Martin Award maka Ọkachamara na nkatọ sitere na PEN Oakland maka Eruptions nke Inanna: Ikpe Ziri Ezi, Gender, na Ike erotic .
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Grahn (1984). Another Mother Tongue: Gay Words, Gay Worlds, 1990 Expanded, Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon Press. ISBN 0-8070-7911-1.
- ↑ Paul Russell (2002). The Gay 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Gay Men and Lesbians, Past and Present. Kensington Books, 341–343. ISBN 978-0-7582-0100-3. Retrieved on December 29, 2011.
- ↑ Tyrkus (1997). Gay & Lesbian Biography. St. James Press, 200. ISBN 1-55862-237-3.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Judy Grahn in Cyberspace. Biography. Judy Grahn (2011). Archived from the original on March 7, 2012. Retrieved on February 24, 2012.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Judy Grahn. Poems & Poets. Poetry Foundation (2011). Archived from the original on February 11, 2012. Retrieved on December 29, 2011.
- ↑ Susan Padezanin (2003). Judy Grahn. Biography. Center for Working Class Studies. Archived from the original on February 12, 2012. Retrieved on February 24, 2012.
- ↑ Judy Grahn: Blood, Bread, and Roses: How Menstruation Created the World. bailiwick.lib.uiowa.edu. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved on May 28, 2012.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Backus, Margot Gayle. Judy Grahn and the Lesbian Invocational Elegy: Testimonial and Prophetic Responses to Social Death in 'A woman is Talking to Death'. Signs, Vol. 18, No. 4, Theorizing Lesbian Experience (Summer, 1993), p. 816.
- ↑ Grahn (1984). Another Mother Tongue: Gay Words, Gay Worlds, 1990 Expanded, Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon Press, 52–60, 166, 193–201. ISBN 0-8070-7911-1.
- ↑ Poet, Activist, Scholar. judy grahn official site (2016). Archived from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved on 8 Aug 2023. “From 1981-1986, Judy lived with the Native American critic, novelist, poet, and teacher, Paula Gunn Allen. The two of them held weekly Sunday morning meetings on subjects pertaining to women’s spirituality at Mama Bears Coffeehouse and Bookstore at 6536 Telegraph Avenue in north Oakland, just across the Berkeley border, across the street from the White Horse, said to be the oldest gay bar on the West Coast and possibly unique in being a place always friendly to two spirit people of all flavors.”
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Official website
- A Simple Revolution: Community Dialogue with Judy Grahn website created by Aunt Lute Books honoring the history and legacy of the Bay Area lesbian movement
- Modern American Poetry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign website on Grahn: biographical information, analyses of several poems, excerpts from interviews. Companion to the Anthology of Modern American Poetry.
- Serpentina website founded by Dianne Jenett and Judy Grahn to support research, projects, and social activism in women's spirituality.