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The Relative Impact of Different Forces of Globalisation on Wage Inequality: A Fresh Look at the EU Experience

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  • Stefan Jestl

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

  • Sandra M. Leitner

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

  • Sebastian Leitner

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

Abstract

This paper analyses the contribution of immigration, trade and FDI to wage inequality of native workers in a sample of old and new EU Member States between 2008 and 2013. Methodologically, we use the regression-based Shapley value decomposition approach of Shorrocks (2013) to filter out their relative importance. We find that globalisation has very mixed effects and generally contributes little to wage inequality. Regarding their relative contributions, immigration and FDI are key contributors to wage inequality in old EU Member States, while trade is the key source of wage inequality in new EU Member States. For immigration, the associated increase in wage inequality is strongest and most consistent among Southern EU Member States. We also show that immigration, trade and FDI have different effects across the wage distribution that are however strongest at its centre. For trade and FDI, we also find sporadic inequality-reducing effects that are strongest at the top of the wage distribution.

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  • Stefan Jestl & Sandra M. Leitner & Sebastian Leitner, 2018. "The Relative Impact of Different Forces of Globalisation on Wage Inequality: A Fresh Look at the EU Experience," wiiw Working Papers 154, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
    • Handle: RePEc:wii:wpaper:154
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    Keywords

    wage inequality; trade; FDI; immigration; Shapley value decomposition;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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