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How Monetary Policy Changes Bank Liability Structure and Funding Cost

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  • M. Girotti

Abstract

U.S. banks obtain most of their funding from a combination of zero-interest deposits and interest-bearing deposits. Using local demographic variations as instruments for banks' liability composition, I show that when monetary policy tightens, banks with a larger proportion of zero-interest deposits on their balance sheet experience larger increases in their interest-bearing deposit rate. This happens because tight monetary policy reduces the quantity of zero-interest deposits available to banks. Banks react issuing more interest-bearing deposits, but pay an interest rate that increases with the quantity being borrowed. This new evidence supports the existence of the bank lending channel of monetary policy.

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  • M. Girotti, 2016. "How Monetary Policy Changes Bank Liability Structure and Funding Cost," Working papers 590, Banque de France.
    • Handle: RePEc:bfr:banfra:590
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    Cited by:

    1. Christian Pfister & Jean-Guillaume Sahuc, 2020. "Unconventional monetary policies: A stock-taking exercise," Revue d'économie politique, Dalloz, vol. 130(2), pages 137-169.
    2. Chen, Xiaoxiong & Liu, Guanchun & Liu, Yuanyuan & Zhang, Yanren, 2022. "Banks’ liability structure and risk taking: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    3. Toni Ahnert & Kartik Anand & Philipp Johann König, 2024. "Real Interest Rates, Bank Borrowing, and Fragility," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 56(6), pages 1545-1571, September.
    4. Girotti, Mattia & Horny, Guillaume, 2023. "Monetary policy transmission through banks when liquidity is abundant but unevenly distributed," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    5. Mattia Girotti, 2018. "The effects of monetary policy on the composition of bank deposits and on loan supply," Rue de la Banque, Banque de France, issue 59, march.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Banks; Deposits; Lending Channel; Monetary Policy.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure

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