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Measuring the Impact of Agricultural Production Shocks on International Trade Flows

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  • Ferguson, Shon Martin
  • Gars, Johan

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to measure the sensitivity of trade volumes and trade unit values to agricultural production shocks. We derive a gravity model of trade with two new features. First, the model assumes perfectly in- elastic supply, which captures the short-run nature of year-to-year production shocks and has important implications for levels of regression coecients and how they can be used to measure the elasticity of substitution. Second, the presence of per-unit trade costs implies that, in percentage terms, unit values based on importing country data (including trade costs) should react less to production shocks than unit values based on exporting country data (exclud- ing trade costs). Using bilateral trade ow data for a large sample of countries and agricultural commodities we nd empirical support for the predictions of the model, with relatively high substitutability between varieties of crops dif- ferentiated by country of origin and quantitatively large per-unit trade costs. Our framework provides a new method for measuring substitution elasticities and per-unit trade costs using international trade data. Furthermore, our results suggest that trade frictions or substitution with other goods diminish the role of international trade as way of coping with production volatility.

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  • Ferguson, Shon Martin & Gars, Johan, 2017. "Measuring the Impact of Agricultural Production Shocks on International Trade Flows," 2017 International Congress, August 28-September 1, 2017, Parma, Italy 261283, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:eaae17:261283
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.261283
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    2. Chen, Zhangliang & Dall'Erba, Sandy, 2018. "Drought, Domestic Trade And Agricultural Profit: Theory And Evidence," 2018 Annual Meeting, August 5-7, Washington, D.C. 274397, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Agribusiness;

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • Q11 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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