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- Arvind Subramanian & Aaditya Mattoo (2008): Multilateralism Beyond Doha
There is a fundamental shift taking place in the world economy to which the multilateral trading system has failed to adapt. The Doha process focused on issues of limited significance while the burning issues of the day were not even on the negotiating agenda. The paper advances five propositions: (i) the traditional negotiating dynamic, driven by private sector interests largely in the rich countries, is running out of steam; (ii) the world economy is moving broadly from conditions of relative abundance to relative scarcity, and so economic security has become a paramount concern for consumers, workers, and ordinary citizens; (iii) international economic integration can contribute to enhanced security; (iv) addressing these new concerns – relating to food, energy and economic security - requires a wider agenda of multilateral cooperation, involving not just the WTO but other multilateral institutions; and (v) despite shifts in economic power across countries, the commonality of interests and scope for give-and-take on these new issues make multilateral cooperation worth attempting.
RePEc:cgd:wpaper:153 Save to MyIDEAS - Aaditya Mattoo & Arvind Subramanian (2008): Multilateralism beyond Doha
A fundamental shift is taking place in the world economy to which the multilateral trading system has failed to adapt. The Doha process focused on issues of limited significance while the burning issues of the day were not even on the negotiating agenda. This paper advances five propositions: (1) the traditional negotiating dynamic, driven by private-sector interests largely in the rich countries, is running out of steam; (2) the world economy is moving broadly from conditions of relative abundance to relative scarcity, and so economic security has become a paramount concern for consumers, workers, and ordinary citizens; (3) international economic integration can contribute to enhanced security; (4) addressing these new concerns—relating to food, energy, and economic security—requires a wider agenda of multilateral cooperation, involving not just the World Trade Organization but other multilateral institutions as well; and (5) despite shifts in economic power across countries, the commonality of interests and scope for give-and-take on these new issues make multilateral cooperation worth attempting.
RePEc:iie:wpaper:wp08-8 Save to MyIDEAS - Yu Zhu (2016): International trade and food security: conceptual discussion, WTO and the case of China
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept and measurements of food security under the framework of The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, explores the link between international trade and food security with an empirical investigation into the case of China, and draw policy implications in the context of WTO. Design/methodology/approach - This paper elaborates the theoretical interconnection between food security and international trade and then utilize an autoregressive distributed lag model to investigate how/whether trade affects food security in China from two dimensions. Findings - The authors find that international trade indeed leads China to increase its dependence on food imports, namely, it negatively affects the food security in China. Owing to the importance of food security under multilateral trade system, this paper then briefly analyzes two relevant topics of Doha Round negotiation, i.e. public stockholding for food security and special safeguard measures. ... Originality/value - This paper discusses the interaction of international trade and food security in various aspects.
RePEc:eme:caerpp:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:399-411 Save to MyIDEAS - Hewitt, Joanna (2008): Impact evaluation of research by the International Food Policy Research Institute on agricultural trade liberalization, developing countries, and WTO's Doha negotiations:
"This report assesses the impact of IFPRI's work on the agriculture negotiations in the WTO's Doha Round. It is set against the context of IFPRI's mission which emphasizes food security and the interests of poor people in low-income countries and underlines the importance of active engagement in policy communications to link research work to policy action. The report also traces briefly the evolution of IFPRI's work on international agricultural trade more generally, noting its broad disposition to market-oriented policy prescriptions while illuminating the very different impacts of agricultural trade liberalization on individual developing countries through detailed research at the national and household level.
RePEc:fpr:impass:28 Save to MyIDEAS - Mattoo, Aaditya & Martin, Will (2010): Conclude Doha: It Matters!
The Doha Round must be concluded not because it will produce dramatic liberalization but because it will create greater security of market access. Its conclusion would strengthen, symbolically and substantively, the WTO?... An agreement to facilitate trade by cutting red tape will further expand trade opportunities. ... aid for trade? ... Finally, concluding Doha would create space for multilateral cooperation on critical policy matters that lie outside the Doha Agenda, most urgently the trade policy implications of climate change mitigation.
RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:7788 Save to MyIDEAS - Messerlin Patrick (2005): Agricultural Liberalization in the Doha Round
The Uruguay Round brought agriculture into the WTO legal framework, but did not lower the effective level of OECD farm protection after 1995 and granted many exceptions to WTO rules that reinforced agricultural protection. ... The negotiations should not get hung up on issues of food security and the effects of higher prices for low-income consumers, and a special safeguard for agriculture is not recommended. ... In 2002-2005, he was co-chairman with Dr Ernesto Zedillo, Former President of Mexico, Director of the Yale Center for the Study on Globalization, of the Task Force on Trade in the UN Millenium Development Goals Project, which produced a Report on Trade for Development released in May 2005. In 2001-2002, he was special advisor to Mike Moore, WTO Director General. He has published a dozen books and a hundred papers on trade theory and policy.
RePEc:bpj:glecon:v:5:y:2005:i:4:n:2 Save to MyIDEAS - Steger Debra P (2005): Commentary on the Doha Round: Institutional Issues
Commentary on Robert Howse's article "WTO Governance and the Doha Round."Debra Steger is Executive in Residence at the University of Ottawa Faculty of Law where she is working to establish a new institute for international law, economy and security in Canada. ... From 1995-2001, she served as the founding Director of the Appellate Body Secretariat of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland, during which time she helped to establish the Appellate Body as the first appellate tribunal in international trade. She is Chair of the Trade and Customs Law Committee of the International Bar Association, and has been on the executive of the Trade Committee of the International Law Association for the past 10 years. ... Her most recent book is entitled: "Peace Through Trade: Building the WTO" which was published by Cameron May International Legal Publishers in 2004.
RePEc:bpj:glecon:v:5:y:2005:i:4:n:17 Save to MyIDEAS - D. John Shaw (2007): World Agricultural Trade: WTO and the Doha Ministerial Declaration, 2001
The importance of world agricultural trade for achieving world food security was recognized at a number of international conferences throughout the 1990s. The conclusion of the GATT Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations and the setting up of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 provided a major opportunity for reaching agreement on fair and free world trade within a liberalizing global economy. ... Promise of a break-through came at the fourth WTO ministerial meeting that was held in Doha, Qatar, in 2001. Negotiations on agricultural trade began in early 2000. By November 2001, at the time of the Doha ministerial meeting, 121 governments had submitted a large number of negotiating proposals.
RePEc:pal:palchp:978-0-230-58978-0_36 Save to MyIDEAS - Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio & Robinson, Sherman & Thomas, Marcelle (2002): On boxes, contents, and users: Food security and the WTO negotiations
An important component of the current debate about agriculture trade negotiations is whether further liberalization of trade and agricultural policies may help or hinder food security in WTO member countries. These concerns were formulated first, in Article 20 of the Agreement on Agriculture negotiated during the Uruguay Round, which indicated that negotiations should take into consideration, among other things, "non trade concerns"; and in its preamble, which mentioned as examples of those concerns, "food security and the need to protect the environment". They were also reaffirmed in the Doha Declaration, which declares that "the long-term objective" is "to establish a fair and market-oriented trading system through a program of fundamental reform", and confirmed that special and differential treatment will be granted to developing countries "to effectively take account of their development needs, including food security and rural development". ... To contribute to this debate, the paper surveys and discusses in greater detail three main aspects of trade liberalization and food security within the WTO: the adequacy of the current WTO classification of countries according to their food security situation; the policy perspectives in industrialized countries and in developing countries; and the legal issues faced by developing countries. The paper concludes that a better classification is needed within the WTO to target food insecure countries, that many food security concerns can be addressed with specific clarifications and changes in the current language of the AoA, and that although developing countries may not be legally constrained to invest in food security, they lack the financial, human, and institutional resources to do so.
RePEc:fpr:tmddps:82 Save to MyIDEAS - James R. Simpson & Thomas J. Schoenbaum (2003): Non-trade concerns in WTO trade negotiations: legal and legitimate reasons for revising the "box" system
The extent to which non-trade concerns fit with the overall, long-term WTO Doha Agenda objective "to establish a fair and market-oriented trading system for world agricultural trade" is considered from both a legal and economic viewpoint. Human rights guarantees in United Nations covenants related to non-trade concerns are evaluated in light of WTO rules. Proposals are presented for a non-trade concerns "box" to be added in a final agreement on agriculture, in line with world-wide calls for food security and development of poor countries, and demands by developed countries for recognition of multifunctionality of agriculture as a way to protect their resources in a sustainable manner.
RePEc:ids:ijarge:v:2:y:2003:i:3/4:p:399-410 Save to MyIDEAS